Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAbout4571 Resolution - 2025-2029 Tri-Cities HOME Consortium Consolidated Plan & 2025 Annual Action PlanResolution – 2025-2029 Tri-Cities HOME Consortium Consolidated Plan & 2025 Annual Action Plan RESOLUTION NO. 4571 A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY OF PASCO, WASHINGTON, APPROVING THE 2025-2029 TRI-CITIES HOME CONSORTIUM CONSOLIDATED PLAN AND THE 2025 ANNUAL ACTION PLAN WHEREAS, the Tri-Cities HOME Consortium member cities, Kennewick, Pasco, and Richland “Consortium”, contracted with The Cloudburst Group, “Consultant”, to prepare the Consolidated Plan for the program years 2025 through 2029 which includes a detailed Strategic Plan developed from a needs assessment, and the 2025 Annual Action Plan; and WHEREAS, the Tri-Cities HOME Consortium has complied with applicable laws and regulations at all stages of the development of the 2025-2029 Consolidated Plan, including conducting two public hearings to obtain citizen comments, publishing notices regarding the draft 2025-2029 Consolidated Plan, and accepting public comment, for no less than the required 30-day period; and WHEREAS, the Pasco City Council approved the 2025 Work Plan and Allocations by Resolution No. 4499 on October 7, 2024. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PASCO, WASHINGTON: That the Pasco City Council hereby approves the 2025-2029 Tri-Cities HOME Consortium Consolidated Plan (Exhibit A) and the 2025 Annual Action Plan (Exhibit B). Be It Further Resolved, that the Interim City Manager, or authorized designee, is authorized to execute all agreements in accordance with the Five-Year Consolidated Plan and Annual Action Plan Supplements previously approved by Council; and to make minor substantive changes as necessary to execute the Plans. Be It Further Resolved, that this resolution shall take effect immediately. PASSED by the City Council of the City of Pasco, Washington, on this 3rd day of March, 2025. _____________________________ Pete Serrano Mayor ATTEST: APPROVED AS TO FORM: _____________________________ ___________________________ Debra Barham, MMC Kerr Ferguson Law, PLLC City Clerk City Attorneys TRI-CITIES HOME CONSORTIUM 2025-2029 TRI-CITIES CONSOLIDATED PLAN Pasco Consolidated Plan | 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................................... 3 ES-05 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY – 24 CFR 91.200(C), 91.220(B) ............................................................................................. 3 THE PROCESS ......................................................................................................................................................... 8 PR-05 LEAD & RESPONSIBLE AGENCIES - 91.200(B) ............................................................................................................. 9 PR-10 CONSULTATION - 91.100, 91.110, 91.200(B), 91.300(B), 91.215(L) AND 91.315(I) ................................................. 10 PR-15 CITIZEN PARTICIPATION - 91.105, 91.115, 91.200(C) AND 91.300(C) ....................................................................... 26 NA-05 OVERVIEW ........................................................................................................................................................ 28 NA-50 NON-HOUSING COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT NEEDS - 91.415, 91.215 (F) ................................................................... 31 HOUSING MARKET ANALYSIS ............................................................................................................................... 36 MA-05 OVERVIEW ....................................................................................................................................................... 36 MA-45 NON-HOUSING COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT ASSETS - 91.410, 91.210(F) .................................................................. 39 MA-50 NEEDS AND MARKET ANALYSIS DISCUSSION ........................................................................................................... 47 MA-60 BROADBAND NEEDS OF HOUSING OCCUPIED BY LOW- AND MODERATE-INCOME HOUSEHOLDS - 91.210(A)(4), 91.310(A)(2) ............................................................................................................................................................. 49 MA-65 HAZARD MITIGATION - 91.210(A)(5), 91.310(A)(3) ............................................................................................. 51 STRATEGIC PLAN .................................................................................................................................................. 52 SP-05 OVERVIEW ......................................................................................................................................................... 52 SP-10 GEOGRAPHIC PRIORITIES - 91.415, 91.215(A)(1) .................................................................................................... 53 SP-25 PRIORITY NEEDS - 91.415, 91.215(A)(2)............................................................................................................... 54 SP-30 INFLUENCE OF MARKET CONDITIONS - 91.415, 91.215(B) ........................................................................................ 61 SP-35 ANTICIPATED RESOURCES - 91.420(B), 91.215(A)(4), 91.220(C)(1,2)....................................................................... 63 SP-40 INSTITUTIONAL DELIVERY STRUCTURE - 91.415, 91.215(K) ........................................................................................ 65 SP-45 GOALS - 91.415, 91.215(A)(4) ........................................................................................................................... 69 SP-65 LEAD-BASED PAINT HAZARDS - 91.415, 91.215(I) ................................................................................................... 73 SP-70 ANTI-POVERTY STRATEGY - 91.415, 91.215(J) ....................................................................................................... 74 SP-80 MONITORING - 91.230 ....................................................................................................................................... 75 ANNUAL ACTION PLAN ......................................................................................................................................... 76 AP-15 EXPECTED RESOURCES - 91.420(B), 91.220(C)(1,2) ............................................................................................... 76 AP-20 ANNUAL GOALS AND OBJECTIVES - 91.420, 91.220(C)(3)&(E) ................................................................................. 79 AP-35 PROJECTS - 91.420, 91.220(D) ........................................................................................................................... 81 AP-35 PROJECT SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................................ 82 AP-50 GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION - 91.420, 91.220(F) ................................................................................................... 86 AP-85 OTHER ACTIONS - 91.420, 91.220(K) ........................................................................................................... 87 AP-90 PROGRAM SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS - 91.420, 91.220(L)(1,2,4) ............................................................................... 89 Pasco Consolidated Plan | 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ES-05 Executive Summary – 24 CFR 91.200(c), 91.220(b) 1. Introduction Each year the Tri-Cities (comprised of Kennewick, WA; Pasco, WA; and Richland, WA) receives federal funding from the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) to support affordable housing and community development programs that primarily benefit low- and moderate-income people. This funding comes from the Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) and HOME Investment Partnerships Program (HOME). To receive this funding, the Tri-Cities develops a Consolidated Plan every five years to outline the jurisdiction’s funding strategy over the next five fiscal years. The Consolidated Plan incorporates information gathered through data analysis and consultation with a range of voices in the community—including Tri-Cities residents, low- and moderate-income people, and organizations that work with or have specific knowledge of needs facing low- and moderate-income communities—to identify the Tri-Cities’ current housing and community development needs and outline the specific goals and expected outcome for the use of CDBG and HOME funds. Each of the federal grant programs included in the Consolidated Plan (CDBG and HOME) has its own unique requirements, uses, and jurisdictional boundaries. To qualify for an investment of HOME funding, Kennewick, Pasco, and Richland partnered to form the Tri-Cities HOME Consortium (“the Consortium”), with Richland serving as the lead entity. Kennewick, Pasco, and Richland each receive their own annual CDBG allocations from HUD. This Consolidated Plan informs the use of the Tri-Cities’ HOME allocation and Pasco CDBG allocation. 2. Summary of the objectives and outcomes identified in the Plan Needs Assessment Overview The Tri-Cities anticipates receiving the following annual grant amount over the five-year period of the Consolidated Plan for program years 2025–2029. • HOME: $652,569. • CDBG: $677,540. (Pasco) The Tri-Cities Consortium intends to use these funds to further three primary goals: Goals Description 1 Affordable Housing—Pasco will work to preserve and expand the supply of affordable housing by funding activities such as homeowner and rental rehab. Additionally, Pasco will support housing code enforcement to aid low- and moderate-income households in maintaining safe and decent housing. 2 Community and Economic Development—Pasco will support investments in low-income communities to ensure access to thriving, connected, and inclusive communities by funding activities such as public facility rehabilitation, community development, infrastructure improvements, and other non-housing public services. 3 Public Services—Pasco will support individuals and families by investing in housing and supportive services to increase self-sufficiency and wellbeing among low- and moderate- income households in Pasco. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 4 The Strategic Plan section of the Consolidated Plan provides more information on Pasco’s goals, objectives, and specific strategies designed to make progress toward those goals. 3. Evaluation of past performance The Tri-Cities Home Consortium has made significant steps toward accomplishing the goals outlined in the previous Consolidated Plan and Annual Action Plan. There continues to be strong relationships among community partners in implementing projects and building capacity. Listed below are the accomplishments made toward the Consortium’s 2020–2024 goals and the percentage of the goal that has been completed. HOME • HOME funds assisted 322 households with TBRA (161 percent). • HOME funds assisted 13 households with direct financial assistance to homebuyers (20.63 percent). • HOME funds rehabilitated 4 homeowner household units (4 percent). • HOME funds added 29 homeowner housing units (n/a). Pasco CDBG • CDBG funds assisted 267,673 persons with public service activities (homeless intervention and public services) other than low-/moderate-income housing benefits (74.73 percent). • CDBG funds supported the creation/retention of 13 jobs (86.67 percent). • CDBG fund assisted two businesses with façade treatment/business building rehabilitation (100 percent). • CDBG funds assisted 39,385 persons with public service activities (community, neighborhood, and economic development) other than low-/moderate-income housing benefits (51.66 percent). • CDBG funds assisted 58,348 persons with public facility or infrastructure activities other than low- /moderate-income housing benefits (537.27 percent). • CDBG funds supported the rehabilitation of two rental housing units (100 percent). • CDBG funds supported the rehabilitation of thirteen homeowner housing units (86.67 percent). • CDBG funds assisted 2,096 housing units with housing code enforcement/foreclosed property care (83.84 percent). 4. Summary of citizen participation process and consultation process The Consortium followed the requirements for citizen participation outlined in the Tri-Cities Consortium Citizen Participation Plan, which requires each city to hold two public hearings regarding the use of CDBG funds and a 30-day public comment period upon publishing the draft. Additionally, the Citizen Participation Plan requires the Consortium to hold two public hearings regarding the use of HOME funds and a 30-day public comment period upon publishing the draft. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 5 Pasco held two public hearings on June 20, 2024, and July 18, 2024, regarding the use of Consortium HOME funds and Pasco CDBG funds. Pasco will hold an additional hearing during the public comment period, which will occur from December 16, 2024, to January 16, 2025, regarding the 2025-2029 Consolidated Plan and 2025 Annual Action Plan. In addition to the citizen participation process, the Consortium consulted with stakeholders and partners from agencies, organizations, and other groups that work directly with or have knowledge of the needs of low- and moderate-income people in the Tri-Cities. The Consortium distributed an online stakeholder survey and conducted six hybrid consultation sessions on the topics of: • Continuum of care (CoC) and homeless services • Public and human services • Youth services • Special needs populations • Public housing authorities (PHAs) and affordable housing • Economic development • Fair housing • Public works Between the stakeholder consultation sessions and online survey, the Consortium gathered input from 47 unique organizations in the development of the Consolidated Plan. 5. Summary of public comments Pasco did not receive comments during the public hearings held on June 20, 2024, and July 18, 2024. Pasco will update this section of the Consolidated Plan following the end of the written public comment period and second public hearing. 6. Summary of comments or views not accepted and the reasons for not accepting them Pasco did not receive comments during the public hearings held on June 20, 2024, and July 18, 2024. Pasco will update this section of the Consolidated Plan following the end of the written public comment period and second public hearing. 7. Summary The Consolidated Plan provides an overview of housing and community development needs in the Tri- Cities. Below are the key takeaways synthesized from the data analysis and outreach process. Housing Need, Condition, and Availability • There has been a significant jump in affordable housing needs for every population in the past two years. • Elderly households, renter households, extremely low-income households, certain racial groups (including African American and Asian households), and households in Pasco and Kennewick are more affected by housing problems than other community residents. • A variety of factors, including mental health and substance use disorder needs, compound with Pasco Consolidated Plan | 6 housing problems to exacerbate housing instability. There is a need for mental health and substance use disorder supportive services to accompany housing services. • Low vacancy rates and a limited supply of naturally affordable and accessible housing and assisted units create a need for new developments and rehabilitation of existing units. • With a large portion of Consortium households living in a unit built prior to 1980, there is a need to inspect and possibly rehabilitate units with structural or health concerns. • Low- and moderate-income households tend to live in older, more naturally affordable units, which puts them at a greater risk of housing problems. Public Housing • Public housing and voucher programs have low turnover of units and long wait lists, leaving many residents unserved by these programs. • Voucher recipients often face additional barriers to obtaining housing, such as stringent inspection criteria on Section 8 units. Persons with physical disabilities have significant challenges finding accessible units. • A sizable percentage of public housing residents and voucher recipients live in households with either a person with a disability or a senior, which indicates a need for more accessible housing units. • There is an identified need to continue the maintenance and rehabilitation of public housing units in need of repair. Homelessness, Supportive Services, and Shelter Facilities • The housing and supportive service needs of households experiencing homelessness is greater than what can be provided with current resources in the Tri-Cities. • Unsheltered homelessness increased in the community from 2022 to 2023, indicating a need for more housing and supportive services for that population. • The current shelter capacity and resources are not sufficient to meet the needs of the community. • There is a lack of transitional housing, shelters for specific populations, and low-barrier options observed by service providers. • Stakeholders note that even with these services, they are seeing an increased demand for housing and supportive services that oftentimes outpaces provider capacity. • There is a need for more mental health and substance use disorder services. Non-Housing Community Development Needs • Community members desire increased maintenance and new developments of community centers and recreation facilities. • Street and sidewalk enhancements, particularly to improve connectivity and accessibility for pedestrians, are an identified need for community members and stakeholders. Economic Development • There exist notable barriers for residents in the workforce to obtain and maintain employment, such as a lack of affordable housing and childcare costs. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 7 • Increasing connectivity to both transportation and job networks will help qualified candidates obtain and maintain employment. • The business and workforce community in the Tri-Cities is still feeling the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Broadband • While broadband availability has increased in the past five years, there still exists digital equity gaps among vulnerable groups, including seniors and people living with a disability. Natural Hazards • The Tri-Cities maintain a moderate risk of flooding, drought, and wildfires. However, the effects of natural hazards are amplified among low- and moderate-income populations, who often have limited resources to flee dangerous conditions and recover quickly from severe weather events. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 8 THE PROCESS The process consists of three sections: • Lead & Responsible Agencies • Consultation • Citizen Participation Together, these sections describe the nature and results of outreach efforts conducted during the development of the Consolidated Plan. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 9 PR-05 Lead & Responsible Agencies - 91.200(b) The PR-05 Lead & Responsible Agencies section of the Consolidated Plan identifies the agencies overseeing the development of the Consolidated Plan. Describe agency/entity responsible for preparing the Consolidated Plan and those responsible for administration of each grant program and funding source. The following are the agencies/entities responsible for preparing the Consolidated Plan and those responsible for the administration of each grant program and funding source. Table 1—Responsible Agencies Agency Role Name Department/Agency CDBG Administrator Pasco Community & Economic Development Narrative As the lead entity for the Consortium, the City of Richland’s Development Services Department led the development of the Consortium Consolidated Plan, which outlines the city’s strategy for its CDBG allocation and the Consortium’s HOME allocation for the next five years. The City of Pasco, as an entitlement community, supported the development of the Consortium Consolidated Plan and the administration of the HOME program and developed this Consolidated Plan regarding the administration of CDBG funds. Consolidated Plan Public Contact Information City Contact Information Pasco Kristin Webb CDBG Administrator webbk@pasco-wa.gov (509) 543-5739 Pasco Consolidated Plan | 10 PR-10 Consultation - 91.100, 91.110, 91.200(b), 91.300(b), 91.215(l) and 91.315(I) Introduction The PR-10 Consultation section of the Consolidated Plan summarizes the consultation process for the development of the Consolidated Plan. The Consortium routinely coordinates with partner agencies and organizations in the administration, implementation, and evaluation of CDBG programs to meet both the Consortium’s and Pasco’s Consolidated Plan goals and objectives. In the development of the 2025–2029 Consolidated Plan, the Consortium sought input from partners and stakeholders through consultation sessions and an online stakeholder survey. The Consortium held six hybrid consultation sessions (hosted on September 5 and 6) and two virtual consultation sessions (hosted on September 10 and 11). Listed below are the topics of each consultation session, which were well attended by community partners and agencies: • CoC and homeless services • Public and human services • Youth services • Special needs populations • PHA and affordable housing • Economic development • Fair housing • Public works The online community survey through SurveyMonkey was open from August 15, 2024, to September 20, 2024. In that time, 27 stakeholders responded to the survey. The survey asked respondents to identify, rank, and provide commentary on community needs on the following topic areas: • Affordable housing • Housing and supportive services • Public facilities and infrastructure • Human services • Fair housing Between both methods of outreach, the Consortium consulted with 47 unique organizations. Listed below are common themes stakeholders expressed across consultation sessions and survey results: • Housing issues, including unaffordability and lack of available units, have worsened significantly since the previous Consolidated Planning process. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 11 • Many available units are not accessible to people with physical disabilities or do not meet Section 8 inspection criteria, further limiting housing options. • The demand for housing and supportive services, particularly mental health and substance use disorder services, is greater than the current capacity of service providers. • Lack of connectivity, especially in rural areas of the Consortium, exacerbates inequalities, particularly hindering residents from obtaining and maintaining employment. Provide a concise summary of the jurisdiction’s activities to enhance coordination between public and assisted housing providers and private and governmental health, mental health, and service agencies (91.215(I)). Tri-Cities staff work with a variety of nonprofit and governmental agencies during the planning, project proposal, and implementation stages of the programs. Pasco is responsible for all functions of its CDBG program. A primary strength of the Tri-Cities Consortium is the close working relationship between the cities and the departments charged with administering the HUD programs. In turn, agencies such as Benton Franklin Community Action Connections, Tri-Cities Development Council (TRIDEC), the Benton Franklin CoC, Benton Franklin Council of Governments, and several nonprofit agencies work in all three cities, improving the effectiveness of coordination and efficiencies. The fact that the three cities are in proximity, with common issues and opportunities, provides a basis for cooperation and shared understanding. Describe coordination with the Continuum of Care and efforts to address the needs of homeless persons (particularly chronically homeless individuals and families, families with children, veterans, and unaccompanied youth) and persons at risk of homelessness. The Benton Franklin CoC (which is part of the Washington Balance of State [BoS] Continuum), managed by the Benton & Franklin Counties Department of Human Services, is the lead entity responsible for coordinating the homelessness response system in the Tri-Cities. Each of the three cities has voting membership within the CoC and collaborated with the CoC in drafting the Benton & Franklin Counties Five-Year Plan to End Homelessness (2020–2025). The plan includes the following principles intended to promote coordination across community partners and work to reduce homelessness in the community. • Efficacy—Increase the efficacy of existing housing and service systems through coordination, collaboration, and communication between agencies to benefit the homeless population. • Flexibility—Emphasize the ability of housing and services strategies to easily adapt to emerging trends and needs, both in the homeless population and in the housing market. • Sustainability—Implement strategic distribution of available funding streams and identify and pursue additional funding sources. • Innovation—Incorporate best practices, new research, and case studies. • Awareness—Ensure that the community, through education and outreach, is a place where all are accepted and build public and political will to focus on the problem. • Accountability—Define success and collect accurate data about the problem and solutions while continually evaluating the system. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 12 Describe consultation with the Continuum(s) of Care that serves the jurisdiction's area in determining how to allocate ESG funds, develop performance standards and evaluate outcomes, and develop funding, policies, and procedures for the administration of HMIS. The Benton & Franklin Counties Department of Human Services (CoC) is an active member of the Washington BoS Continuum (WA-501). The Emergency Solutions Grants (ESG) funds made available to the Tri-Cities are allocated from the Washington BoS. The ESG program coordination is conducted through the BoS Steering Committee on a policy level and through the Department of Commerce for administrative procedures. The Department of Commerce also staffs the Homeless Management Information System (HMIS), which is essentially statewide. While staff at the local nonprofit and county CoC level enter data in HMIS, they also maintain the data and prepare periodic reports on program outcomes, which are readily accessible to the Tri-Cities CoC. At least once a year, the Department of Commerce consults with all ESG stakeholders to review performance standards and obtain their input on fund allocation proposals, policy plans, and administrative procedures. Describe Agencies, groups, organizations, and others who participated in the process and describe the jurisdictions consultations with housing, social service agencies and other entities. Table 2 lists all the agencies and organizations that provided input in the development of the Consolidated Plan. The Consortium sought input from all the required organization types for the Consolidated Plan through consultation sessions and an online stakeholder survey. Overall, the Consortium gathered input from 47 unique organizations. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 13 Table 2—Agencies, Groups, and Organizations that Participated # Agency/Group/ Organization Agency/Group/Organization Type Section of Plan Addressed Method of Consultation Anticipated Outcomes or Areas for Improved Coordination 1 Snipes H3 Housing Services—Children Services—Education Services—Employment Housing Needs Assessment Non-Homeless Special Needs Market Analysis Consultation Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing 2 Richland School District Services—Education Housing Needs Assessment Homeless Needs— Families with Children Consultation Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing 3 Kennewick School District Services—Education Housing Needs Assessment Homeless Needs— Families with Children Consultation Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing 4 Fourth Dimension Living Other—Business Entity Housing Needs Assessment Homelessness Strategy Consultation Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing 5 Benton Franklin Health District Services—Health Health Agency Housing Needs Assessment Homelessness Strategy Consultation Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing 6 Greater Health Now Services—Health Housing Needs Assessment Consultation Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing 7 Senior Life Resources Northwest Services—Elderly Persons Services—Persons with Disabilities Housing Needs Assessment Non-Homeless Special Needs Consultation Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing Pasco Consolidated Plan | 14 # Agency/Group/ Organization Agency/Group/Organization Type Section of Plan Addressed Method of Consultation Anticipated Outcomes or Areas for Improved Coordination 8 Domestic Violence Services of Benton and Franklin Counties Housing Services—Victims of Domestic Violence Housing Needs Assessment Non-Homeless Special Needs Consultation Survey Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing 9 Supportive Services for Veterans (Blue Mountain Action Council) Housing Other—Services—Veterans Services—Homeless Homelessness Needs— Veterans Non-Homeless Special Needs Homelessness Strategy Consultation Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing 10 Benton County Human Services Other Government—County Housing Need Assessment Homelessness Needs— Veterans Market Analysis Consultation Survey Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing 11 Tri-Cities Chaplaincy Other—Religious Organization Housing Need Assessment Non-Homeless Special Needs Market Analysis Consultation Survey Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing 12 Opportunities Industrialization Center of Washington Other—Services—Veterans Services—Homeless Housing Need Assessment Homelessness Needs— Veterans Non-Homeless Special Needs Consultation Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing Pasco Consolidated Plan | 15 # Agency/Group/ Organization Agency/Group/Organization Type Section of Plan Addressed Method of Consultation Anticipated Outcomes or Areas for Improved Coordination 13 Washington State 211 Services—Homeless Services—Health Services—Education Services—Employment Housing Need Assessment Homelessness Strategy Consultation Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing 14 Lutheran Community Services Housing Services—Children Services—Elderly Persons Housing Need Assessment Non-Homeless Special Needs Consultation Survey Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing 15 Washington Monitoring Services—Employment Other—Services—Veterans Housing Housing Need Assessment Non-Homeless Special Needs Market Analysis Consultation Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing 16 Sent to Serve Housing Services—Homeless Homelessness Strategy Homeless Needs— Families with Children Homeless Needs— Chronically Homeless Consultation Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing 17 Habitat for Humanity Housing Housing Need Assessment Market Analysis Consultation Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing Pasco Consolidated Plan | 16 # Agency/Group/ Organization Agency/Group/Organization Type Section of Plan Addressed Method of Consultation Anticipated Outcomes or Areas for Improved Coordination 18 Benton Franklin Community Action Connection Services—Homeless Housing Housing Need Assessment Homeless Needs— Chronically Homeless Homeless Needs— Families with Children Market Analysis Consultation Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing 19 Benton Franklin Council of Governments Regional Organization Non-Housing Community Development Strategy Market Analysis Consultation Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing 20 Tri-Cities Regional Chamber of Commerce Business Leaders Regional Organization Non-Housing Community Development Strategy Market Analysis Consultation Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing 21 TRIDEC Regional Organization Planning Organization Non-Housing Community Development Strategy Market Analysis Consultation Survey Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing 22 Visit Tri-Cities Regional Organization Planning Organization Non-Housing Community Development Strategy Market Analysis Consultation Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing 23 Port of Benton Other Government—Local Non-Housing Community Development Strategy Market Analysis Consultation Survey Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing 24 Benton and Franklin Counties Human Services Department Services—Children CoC Services—Persons with Disabilities Housing Need Assessment Non-Homeless Special Needs Market Analysis Consultation Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing Pasco Consolidated Plan | 17 # Agency/Group/ Organization Agency/Group/Organization Type Section of Plan Addressed Method of Consultation Anticipated Outcomes or Areas for Improved Coordination 25 Lourdes Behavioral Health Services—Health Services—Homeless Homelessness Strategy Market Analysis Homeless Needs— Families with Children Consultation Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing 26 Pasco Public Works Department Other Government—Local Market Analysis Non-Housing Community Development Strategy Consultation Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing 27 Pasco Parks and Recreation Department Other Government—Local Market Analysis Non-Housing Community Development Strategy Consultation Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing 28 Richland Public Works Department Other Government—Local Market Analysis Non-Housing Community Development Strategy Consultation Survey Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing 29 Ben Franklin Transit Planning Organization Regional Organization Market Analysis Non-Housing Community Development Strategy Consultation Survey Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing 30 Kennewick Community and Development Services Department Other Government—Local Housing Need Assessment Lead-Based Paint (LBP) Strategy Anti-Poverty Strategy Non-Housing Community Development Strategy Market Analysis Consultation Survey Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing Pasco Consolidated Plan | 18 # Agency/Group/ Organization Agency/Group/Organization Type Section of Plan Addressed Method of Consultation Anticipated Outcomes or Areas for Improved Coordination 31 Richland Community and Development Services Department Other Government—Local Housing Need Assessment LBP Strategy Anti-Poverty Strategy Non-Housing Community Development Strategy Market Analysis Consultation Survey Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing 32 Pasco Community Development Services Department Other Government—Local Housing Need Assessment LBP Strategy Anti-Poverty Strategy Non-Housing Community Development Strategy Market Analysis Consultation Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing 33 Ben Franklin Legal Aid Service—Fair Housing Housing Need Assessment Non-Homeless Special Needs Market Analysis Consultation Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing 34 City of Pasco Code Division Other Government—Local Market Analysis Housing Need Assessment Consultation Survey Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing 35 Northwest Fair Housing Alliance Service—Fair Housing Housing Need Assessment Non-Homeless Special Needs Market Analysis Consultation Survey Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing Pasco Consolidated Plan | 19 # Agency/Group/ Organization Agency/Group/Organization Type Section of Plan Addressed Method of Consultation Anticipated Outcomes or Areas for Improved Coordination 36 Communities in Schools of Benton- Franklin Services—Education Non-Homeless Special Needs Non-Housing Community Development Strategy Survey Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing 37 Grace Clinic Services—Health Services—Persons with Disabilities Non-Homeless Special Needs Market Analysis Survey Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing 38 Support, Advocacy & Resource Center Services—Victims of Domestic Violence Non-Homeless Special Needs Market Analysis Survey Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing 39 Benton Rural Electric Association Regional Organization Market Analysis Survey Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing 40 Retter & Co. Sotheby’s Business Leaders Housing Need Assessment Market Analysis Survey Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing 41 Elijah Family Homes Housing Housing Need Assessment Non-Homeless Special Needs Market Analysis Survey Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing 42 Northwest Justice Project Service—Fair Housing Housing Need Assessment Non-Homeless Special Needs Market Analysis Survey Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing Pasco Consolidated Plan | 20 # Agency/Group/ Organization Agency/Group/Organization Type Section of Plan Addressed Method of Consultation Anticipated Outcomes or Areas for Improved Coordination 43 Ziply Fiber Business Leaders Market Analysis Survey Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing 44 Housing Authority of the City of Pasco and Franklin County PHA Housing Need Assessment Public Housing Needs Market Analysis Survey Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing 45 My Friends Place Services—Homeless Services—Children Housing Need Assessment Homelessness Needs— Unaccompanied youth Market Analysis Survey Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing 46 The Arc of Tri-Cities Services—Persons with Disabilities Non-Homeless Special Needs Market Analysis Survey Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing 47 Benton-Franklin Juvenile Court Other Government—Local Non-Homeless Special Needs Market Analysis Survey Provided input into the development of the Consortium’s Consolidated Plan and Assessment of Fair Housing Pasco Consolidated Plan | 21 Identify any Agency Types not consulted and provide rationale for not consulting. The Consortium did not exclude any agencies or organizations in the consultation process for the Consolidated Plan. Other local/regional/state/federal planning efforts considered when preparing the Plan. The Consortium considered multiple local and regional planning efforts, listed in Table 3, while developing the Consolidated Plan. Table 3—Other Local/Regional/Federal Planning Efforts Name of Plan Lead Organization How the Goals of the Strategic Plan Overlap with the Goals of Each Plan Domestic Violence Services of Benton and Franklin Counties 2022 Annual Report Domestic Violence Services of Benton and Franklin Counties The Domestic Violence Services of Benton and Franklin Counties Annual Report provides information on the services provided to individuals and families seeking services, which informs the Consortium’s goals and strategies. Domestic Violence Services of Benton and Franklin Counties 2018 Annual Report Domestic Violence Services of Benton and Franklin Counties The Domestic Violence Services of Benton and Franklin Counties Annual Report provides information on the growth in services requested and provided to individuals and families seeking services, which informs the Consortium’s goals and strategies. Kennewick Housing Authority and Housing Authority of the City of Pasco and Franklin County 5-Year Plan (2024–2028) Kennewick Housing Authority and Housing Authority of the City of Pasco and Franklin County The 5-Year Plan outlines the services provided by the PHAs and their goals for the next five years, which align with the Consortium’s goals. Tri-Cities HOME-ARP Allocation Plan (2023) Tri-Cities Consortium The Tri-Cities HOME-ARP Allocation Plan describes the needs and services available to qualifying populations (including people experiencing or at risk of experiencing homelessness) in the Consortium. The information provided informs the Consortium’s goals and strategies. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 22 Name of Plan Lead Organization How the Goals of the Strategic Plan Overlap with the Goals of Each Plan Risk and Protection Profile for Substance Abuse (Richland School District) Washington State Department of Social and Health Services The Risk and Protection Profile for Substance Abuse describes the characteristics and needs of people with substance use disorder, which informs the Consortium’s goals and strategies. Risk and Protection Profile for Substance Abuse (Kennewick School District) Washington State Department of Social and Health Services The Risk and Protection Profile for Substance Abuse describes the characteristics and needs of people with substance use disorder, which informs the Consortium’s goals and strategies. Risk and Protection Profile for Substance Abuse (Pasco School District) Washington State Department of Social and Health Services The Risk and Protection Profile for Substance Abuse describes the characteristics and needs of people with substance use disorder, which informs the Consortium’s goals and strategies. Benton and Franklin Counties 2022 Community Health Needs Assessment Benton-Franklin Health District The Community Health Needs Assessment describes health indicators in the Consortium and summarizes community input on health needs, including housing and supportive services. The information provided informs the Consortium’s goals and strategies. 2022 Washington State HIV Washington State Department of The Washington State HIV Surveillance Report Health Surveillance Report provides information on the number and nature of people with HIV/AIDS in the Consortium. The information provided informs the Consortium’s goals and strategies. 2023 HIV/AIDS Epidemiology Public Health Seattle and King The HIV/AIDS Epidemiology Report Report and Community Profile County and Community Profile describes the housing and service needs of people living with HIV/AIDS. The information provided informs the Consortium’s goals and strategies. City of Richland Comprehensive Plan 2017 Richland, WA The Comprehensive Plan provides insight into the housing needs of the city and outlines the city’s strategic housing and community development goals, which align with the Consolidated Plan goals. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 23 Name of Plan Lead Organization How the Goals of the Strategic Plan Overlap with the Goals of Each Plan City of Pasco Comprehensive Plan 2018–2038 Pasco, WA The Comprehensive Plan provides insight into the housing needs of the city and outlines the city’s strategic housing and community development goals, which align with the Consolidated Plan goals. City of Kennewick Comprehensive Plan 2017–2037 Kennewick, WA The Comprehensive Plan provides insight into the housing needs of the city and outlines the city’s strategic housing and community development goals, which align with the Consolidated Plan goals. The Washington State The Washington State Department The Housing Advisory Plan provides Department of Commerce 2024 of Commerce information on the number of Housing Advisory Plan housing units needed in Benton and Franklin Counties to meet future demand. The information provided informs the Consortium’s goals and strategies. Benton and Franklin Counties Benton and Franklin CoC The Five-Year Plan to End Five-Year Plan to End Homelessness provides information Homelessness (2020–2025) on the institutional structure of the CoC and outlines strategic goals to reduce homelessness and improve service delivery in the Consortium. The goals outlined in the plan align with the Consolidated Plan goals. Benton and Franklin Counties 5- Year Homeless Housing Plan Annual Report Benton and Franklin CoC The 5-Year Homeless Housing Plan Annual Report provides information on the institutional structure of the CoC, which informs the Consortium’s goals. HUD 2023 CoC Homeless HUD The Homeless Assistance Programs Assistance Programs Housing Housing Inventory Count Report Inventory Count Report provides information on the types and amounts of shelter beds available for people experiencing homelessness. The information provided informs the Consortium’s goals and strategies. The Benton-Franklin Council of The Benton-Franklin Council of The CEDS outlines strategic goals to Governments 2021–2025 Governments promote economic development in Comprehensive Economic the Consortium. These goals align Development Strategy (CEDS) with the Consolidated Plan goals. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 24 Name of Plan Lead Organization How the Goals of the Strategic Plan Overlap with the Goals of Each Plan The Tri-City Regional Chamber of Commerce 2023 Annual Report The Tri-City Regional Chamber of Commerce The Annual Report provides information on initiatives and programs supported by the Chamber of Commerce. The information provided informs the Consortium’s goals and strategies. 2023 Benton County Broadband and Digital Access Plan The Benton-Franklin Council of Governments The Broadband and Digital Access Plan outlines the connectivity needs of Tri-Cities populations. The information provided informs the Consortium’s goals and strategies. 2023 Franklin County Broadband and Digital Access Plan The Benton-Franklin Council of Governments The Broadband and Digital Access Plan outlines the connectivity needs of Tri-Cities populations. The information provided informs the Consortium’s goals and strategies. Benton County Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan (2019) Benton County, WA The Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan describes the risks of natural disasters and community needs in the Tri-Cities. The information provided informs the Consortium’s goals and strategies. Describe cooperation and coordination with other public entities, including the State and any adjacent units of general local government, in the implementation of the Consolidated Plan (91.215(l)). In the development of the Consolidated Plan, the Consortium consulted with numerous public entities, which included working closely with other member jurisdictions of the Consortium. During the consultation process, the Consortium gathered input from public entities, including: • Benton and Franklin Counties Human Services Department • Pasco Public Works Department • Pasco Parks and Recreation Department • Richland Public Works Department • Kennewick Community and Development Services Department • Richland Community and Development Services Department • Pasco Community Development Services Department • City of Pasco Code Division • Richland School District Pasco Consolidated Plan | 25 • Kennewick School District • Benton Franklin Health District • Benton County Human Services • Benton Franklin Council of Governments Pasco Consolidated Plan | 26 PR-15 Citizen Participation - 91.105, 91.115, 91.200(c) and 91.300(c) The PR-15 Citizen Participation section of the Consolidated Plan outlines the methods and results of citizen participation in the development of the Consolidated Plan. Summary of citizen participation process/Efforts made to broaden citizen participation. The Consortium followed the requirements for citizen participation outlined in the Tri-Cities Consortium Citizen Participation Plan, which requires each city to hold two public hearings regarding the use of CDBG funds and a 30-day public comment period upon publishing the draft. Additionally, the Citizen Participation Plan requires the Consortium to hold two public hearings regarding the use of HOME funds and a 30-day public comment period upon publishing the draft. Pasco hosted two public hearings on June 20, 2024, and July 18, 2024. Pasco will hold an additional hearing during the public comment period, which will occur from December 16, 2024, to January 16, 2025, regarding the Tri-Cities Consolidated Plan and the Pasco 2025 Annual Action Plan. Summarize citizen participation process and how it impacted goal-setting. Through the consultation process, the Consortium made significant efforts to proactively receive feedback from persons with disabilities, non-English speaking persons, and minorities. Through the citizen participation process, the Consortium also encouraged public comments through public hearings and the public comment period in the following ways: • Announcement on the City of Pasco website. • Announcement on the City of Pasco Facebook page. • Ad in the Tri-City Herald. • Ad in the Tu Decides. • Physical copies of the Tri-Cities Consolidated Plan and Pasco’s 2025 Annual Action Plan placed in lobbies of public buildings and public libraries. • Promoted during stakeholder consultation sessions. Citizen Participation Outreach Table 4 summarizes citizen participation and outreach efforts. Table 4—Citizen Participation Outreach Sort Order Mode of Outreach Target of Outreach Summary of Response/Attendance Summary of Comments Received Summary of Comments Not Accepted and Reasons 1 Other: Public hearings held on June 20, 2024 & July 18, 2024 Non-targeted/broad community No comments were received No comments were received No comments were received 2 Other: Public hearing held on January 16, 2025 3 Newspaper Ad published on May 1, 2024 Non-targeted/broad community No comments were received No comments were received No comments were received Pasco Consolidated Plan | 27 Pasco Consolidated Plan | 28 NA-05 Overview Needs Assessment Overview The Needs Assessment is comprised of six sections: • Housing Needs Assessment • Disproportionately Greater Need • Public Housing • Homeless Needs Assessment • Non-Homeless Special Needs Assessment • Non-Housing and Community Development Needs Together, these sections present key housing and community development needs of low- and moderate- income people in the Tri-Cities HOME Consortium. The needs identified in this section inform the Strategic Plan, which outlines how Pasco will use its CDBG funds over the next five years. The Needs Assessment utilizes two primary data sources: data from the U.S. Census Bureau’s American Community Survey (ACS) and custom tabulations of ACS data called the Comprehensive Housing Affordability Strategy (CHAS) data. The Consortium analyzed the most recent data sets available at the time of drafting for both sources, which were the 2016–2020 five-year CHAS estimates and 2018–2022 ACS five-year estimates. In addition, the Consortium facilitated consultation sessions with partner agencies and organizations and distributed online stakeholder and community surveys to better understand current trends impacting the region. Finally, the Consortium analyzed information from other available sources such as local reports, plans, and studies. Definition of Low- and Moderate-Income Households HOME and CDBG funds programs principally benefit low- and moderate-income households. A household is defined as all the people who occupy one housing unit, which includes families, unrelated people such as roommates, and people living alone. The low- and moderate-income levels for a particular community are determined by the area median income (AMI) of that specific place. Households earning less than 80 percent of the AMI are considered moderate-income. Households earning less than 50 percent AMI are considered low-income, and households earning less than 30 percent AMI are considered extremely low-income. Throughout the Consolidated Plan, the term “low- and moderate-income households” describes all households earning less than 80 percent AMI. Table 5 presents the 2024 low- and moderate-income limits for the Kennewick-Richland Metropolitan Statistical Area, which covers Kennewick, Richland, and Pasco. For example, a four-person household is considered to have a low to moderate income if they earned less than $79,900 annually. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 29 Table 5—Kennewick-Richland, WA Metropolitan Statistical Area HUD Income Limits (2024) Income Category 1 Person In Household 2 People in Household 3 People in Household 4 People in Household 5 People in Household 6 People in Household Extremely Low-Income $21,000 Income Limit $24,000 Income Limit $27,000 Income Limit $31,200 Income Limit $36,580 Income Limit $41,960 Income Limit (0–30% AMI) Low-Income (30–50% AMI) $35,000 Income Limit $40,000 Income Limit $45,000 Income Limit $49,950 Income Limit $53,950 Income Limit $57,950 Income Limit Moderate Income (50– 80% AMI) $55,950 Income Limit $63,950 Income Limit $71,950 Income Limit $79,900 Income Limit $86,300 Income Limit $92,700 Income Limit Data Source: 2024 HUD Income Limits Documentation. Key Themes from the Needs Assessment The following summary includes data from the City of Pasco. Themes were drawn from consultations across the three cities. Demographics • 45 percent of residents identified as a race other than White. • 55 percent of residents identified as Hispanic or Latino. • 12 percent of residents lived with a disability. • Single-family households comprised 8 percent of total households. • 9 percent of residents were aged 65 years old or older. Housing Needs • There has been a significant jump in affordable housing needs for every population in the past two years. • In 2020, 14 percent of households paid between 30–50 percent of their income on housing costs, and 9 percent of households paid more than 50 percent of their income on housing costs. • Elderly households, renter households, extremely low-income households, certain racial groups (including African American and Asian households), and households in Pasco and Kennewick are more affected by housing problems than other community residents. • A variety of factors, including mental health and substance use disorder needs, compound with housing problems to exacerbate housing instability. There is a need for mental health and substance use disorder supportive services to accompany housing services. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 30 Public Housing • Public housing and voucher programs have low turnover of units and long wait lists, leaving many residents unserved by these programs. • Voucher recipients often face additional barriers to obtaining housing, such as stringent inspection criteria on Section 8 units. Persons with physical disabilities have significant challenges finding accessible units. • A sizable percentage of public housing residents and voucher recipients live in households with either a person with a disability or a senior, which indicates a need for more accessible housing units. Homelessness and Supportive Services • The housing and supportive service needs of households experiencing homelessness are greater than what can be provided with current resources in the Tri-Cities. • Special populations, including people with disabilities, require additional and specialized supportive services. • Unsheltered homelessness increased in the community from 2022 to 2023, indicating a need for more housing and supportive services for that population. • There is a need for more mental health and substance use disorder services. Non-Housing Community Development Needs • Community members desire increased maintenance and new developments of community centers and recreation facilities. • Street and sidewalk enhancement, particularly to improve connectivity and accessibility for pedestrians, is an identified need for community members and stakeholders. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 31 NA-50 Non-Housing Community Development Needs - 91.415, 91.215 (f) Introduction The NA-50 Non-Housing Community Development Needs section of the Consolidated Plan describes the public facilities, public infrastructure, and public services needs of the Consortium as a whole, which informs the non-housing community development needs in Pasco. Data for this section is provided by the following data sources: • 2025–2029 Tri-Cities Consolidated Plan Stakeholder Survey. • 2025–2029 Tri-Cities Consolidated Plan Community Survey. • Consultation sessions with organizations, agencies, and partners working with low- and moderate-income people in the community. • Data on calls for assistance from 211 from October 1, 2023, to September 29, 2024, in Benton and Franklin Counties. Overall, stakeholders and community members emphasized a need for the following: • Community centers and recreation facilities, including maintenance on existing infrastructure and new developments. • Street and sidewalk enhancements, particularly to improve connectivity and accessibility for pedestrians. • Mental health and substance use disorder services. Describe the jurisdiction’s need for Public Facilities. How were these needs determined? Across the three forms of engagement described below, two common themes for public facility improvements emerged: • Expansion and maintenance of park and recreation facilities. • Improvements to community facilities for specific groups, particularly residents who are unhoused or who are low- to moderate-income. Stakeholder Survey Responses Ten respondents of the stakeholder survey provided input on the need for public facilities in the Consortium. The first question asked respondents to select the public facility activities they believe are needed most in the Tri-Cities. Listed below are the top two selections and the percentage of respondents who selected the activity: • Community centers for specific groups (70 percent). • Parks and recreational facilities (50 percent). Pasco Consolidated Plan | 32 The next question asked respondents to rank public facility activities based on need. Listed below are the top-ranked public facility needs selected by respondents and their corresponding weighted scores (scores closest to twelve indicate the highest-ranked choice). • Community centers for specific groups (7.6). • Parks and recreational facilities (6.9). Community Survey Responses Ninety respondents of the community survey provided input on the need for public facilities in the Consortium. The question asked respondents to select three facility activities that are most needed to serve low- and moderate-income people in the Tri-Cities. Listed below are the top three selections and the percentage of respondents who selected the activity. • Improvements to facilities for people who are unhoused (61.1 percent). • Improvements to nonprofit buildings that serve low- and moderate-income people or neighborhoods (51.1 percent). • Improvements to facilities for people with special needs such as seniors, youth, people with disabilities, victims of domestic violence, etc. (50 percent). Stakeholder Consultation The Consortium held a consultation with eight participants on the subject of city planning and public works, which included representatives from Public Works, Parks and Recreation, and Community Planning departments. Listed below are common themes that emerged from the consultation session regarding public facility needs: • Aging infrastructure, particularly in older areas of the Tri-Cities, needs maintenance. • Increased requests from residents for increased parks and recreation services. • Current parks and recreation buildings need maintenance. Describe the jurisdiction’s need for Public Improvements. How were these needs determined? Across the three forms of engagement described below, two common themes for public improvements emerged: • Street and sidewalk improvements, particularly to remove barriers for seniors and those with a disability. • Water infrastructure improvements. Stakeholder Survey Responses Ten respondents to the stakeholder survey provided input on the need for public improvements in the Consortium. The first question asked respondents to select the public improvement activities they believe are needed most in the Tri-Cities. Listed below are the top three selections and the percentage of respondents who selected the activity: • Street and sidewalk improvements (50 percent). Pasco Consolidated Plan | 33 • Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) accessibility improvements (50 percent). • Street lighting improvements (50 percent). The next question asked respondents to rank public improvement activities based on need. Listed below are the top-ranked public improvement needs selected by respondents and their corresponding weighted scores (scores closest to twelve indicate the highest ranked choice). Note that respondents ranked water and infrastructure improvements as the most needed public improvement. • Water infrastructure improvements (9.2). • Street and sidewalk improvements (8.9). • ADA accessibility improvements (8.6). Community Survey Responses Ninety respondents of the community survey provided input on the need for public improvements in the Consortium. The question asked respondents to select three infrastructure activities that are most needed to serve low- and moderate-income people in the Tri-Cities. Listed below are the top three selections and the percentage of respondents who selected the activity. • Street and sidewalk improvements (63.3 percent). • Traffic lights/signs and public safety improvements (56.7 percent). • Broadband internet access improvements (45.6 percent). Stakeholder Consultation The Consortium held a consultation with eight participants on the subject of city planning and public works, which included representatives from Public Works, Parks and Recreation, and Community Planning departments. Listed below are common themes that emerged from the consultation session regarding public improvement needs: • Need to remove barriers in streets, such as curb and ramp improvements, to increase accessibility. • Interest in making public improvements in areas with limited connectivity and low car ownership rates. • Some water and sewer infrastructure are currently under maintenance, but more attention is needed to the system, particularly with algae blooms in the Columbia River posing an additional challenge to some water sources. Describe the jurisdiction’s need for Public Services. How were these needs determined? Across the four forms of engagement described below, two common public service needs emerged: • Mental health services. • Substance use disorder treatment services. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 34 Stakeholder Survey Responses Fourteen respondents of the stakeholder survey provided input on the need for public services in the Consortium. The first question asked respondents to select the public services activities they believe are needed most in the Tri-Cities. Listed below are the five selections and the percentage of respondents who selected the activity: • Mental health services (92.86 percent). • Substance use disorder treatment services (78.57 percent). • Youth programs and services (50 percent). • Childcare services (50 percent). • Services for victims of domestic violence, sexual assault, stalking, dating violence, and human trafficking (50 percent). The next question asked respondents to rank public facility activities based on need. Listed below are the top-ranked public service needs selected by respondents and their corresponding weighted scores (scores closest to twenty indicate the highest-ranked choice). Note that respondents ranked substance use disorder treatment services as the most needed public service. • Substance use disorder treatment services (18.71). • Mental health services (18). • Services for victims of domestic violence, sexual assault, stalking, and human trafficking (16.14). • Childcare services (15.64). • Services for persons with a disability (15.36). Community Survey Responses Ninety respondents of the community survey provided input on the need for human services in the Consortium. The question asked respondents to select five human services that are most needed to serve low- and moderate-income people in the Tri-Cities. Listed below are the top five selections and the percentage of respondents who selected the activity. • Mental health services (73.3 percent). • Services for people who are unhoused (51.1 percent). • Substance use disorder treatment services (50 percent). • Services for victims of domestic violence, sexual assault, stalking, dating violence, or human trafficking (34.4 percent). • Senior services (28.9 percent). Stakeholder Consultation The Consortium held three consultation sessions with community partners and organizations to access service needs in the Tri-Cities. The sessions covered the following topics: Special Needs Service Providers (five participants), Public and Human Services (six participants), and Youth Service Providers (eight Pasco Consolidated Plan | 35 participants). Listed below are common themes that emerged from the consultation sessions regarding public service needs: • Transportation was a noted barrier for clients, emphasizing a need for transit and transportation services. • As the Tri-Cities continues to diversify, there is a need for services to be provided in multiple languages. Languages noted include Burmese, Ukrainian, and Spanish. • The need for public and human services is higher than what some organizations can provide due to staffing issues. • Need for increased mental health services. 211 Data 211 Washington provides information on the number of calls received to 211 and the services requested. The Consortium reviewed call data from October 1, 2023, to September 29, 2024, for Benton and Franklin Counties. Between those dates, 211 received 8,921 calls originating in the two counties. Listed below are the most common non-housing services requested through 211 and the percentage of calls it constituted. • Food (13.8 percent): o 76.4 percent of requests in this category were for help buying food. • Government and legal (9.1 percent): o 27.3 percent of requests in this category were for housing law services. • Utilities (8.4 percent): o 51.1 percent of requests in this category were for assistance with electricity. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 36 HOUSING MARKET ANALYSIS MA-05 Overview Housing Market Analysis Overview: The Housing Market Analysis describes the landscape in which the Tri-Cities administers its programs by identifying the housing market, economic, and community development factors impacting low- and moderate-income people and communities in the Consortium. The Market Analysis is comprised of eleven sections: • Number of Housing Units • Cost of Housing • Condition of Housing • Public and Assisted Housing • Homeless Facilities and Services • Special Needs Facilities • Barriers to Affordable Housing • Non-Housing and Community Development Assets • Needs and Market Analysis Discussion • Broadband Needs of Housing • Hazard Mitigation Like the Needs Assessment, the Market Analysis utilizes two primary data sources: the 2018–2022 ACS and the 2016–2020 CHAS. These are the most recent versions of the data sets available at the time of drafting. This section also summarizes information from other existing reports, studies, and plans as well as input from the stakeholder survey, community survey, and consultation sessions to better understand recent trends impacting the region. Key Themes from the Market Analysis: Listed below are the major trends the Consortium identified as impacting low- and moderate- income households. Housing Condition and Availability • Low vacancy rates and a limited supply of naturally affordable housing and assisted units create a need for additional affordable housing units. • There is a lack of accessible affordable housing units for people with disabilities. • As population and housing needs increase and developments with assisted units expire in the coming decades, the Tri-Cities could experience even greater demand for affordable housing units. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 37 • With a large portion of Consortium households living in a unit built prior to 1980, there is a need to inspect and possibly rehabilitate units with structural or health concerns. • Low- and moderate-income households tend to live in older, more naturally affordable units, which puts them at a greater risk of housing problems. • Rehabilitation is needed to ensure an adequate supply of accessible units. • There is an identified need to continue maintenance and rehabilitation of public housing units in need of repair. • The need for assisted and public housing units in the Consortium is not met by the current voucher and unit portfolio. Housing Affordability and Cost • Increasing housing costs, coupled with the increased cost of other necessities (including food, childcare, and transportation), place considerable financial pressure on households across the Consortium, particularly for low- to moderate-income households. • It is likely that the continued rise of rents and home values will further exacerbate existing affordability issues in the coming five years. • Given the severity of housing cost burden and unaffordability emphasized by community members and stakeholders, traditional methods to calculate subsidies, such as fair market rents and HOME rents, fall short of bridging the unaffordability gap. Shelter Facilities and Services • The current shelter capacity and resources are not sufficient to meet the needs of the community. • There is a lack of transitional housing, shelters for specific populations, and low-barrier options observed by service providers. • Stakeholders note that even with these services, they are seeing an increased demand for housing and supportive services that oftentimes outpaces provider capacity. Economic Development • There exist notable barriers for residents in the workforce to obtain and maintain employment, such as lack of affordable housing and childcare costs. • Increasing connectivity, both to transportation and job networks, will help qualified candidates obtain and maintain employment. • The business and workforce community in the Tri-Cities is still feeling the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Broadband • While broadband availability has increased in the past five years, there still exists digital equity gaps among vulnerable groups, including seniors and people living with a disability. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 38 Natural Hazards • The Tri-Cities maintain a moderate risk of flooding, drought, and wildfires. However, the effects of natural hazards are amplified among low- and moderate-income populations, who often have limited resources to flee dangerous conditions and recover quickly from severe weather events. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 39 MA-45 Non-Housing Community Development Assets - 91.410, 91.210(f) Introduction The MA-45 Non-Housing Community Development Assets section of the Consolidated Plan summarizes data trends related to employment and the workforce, including labor for participation, educational attainment, and workforce skills, training, and development efforts in the Tri-Cities. Data regarding educational attainment and median income comes from the 2018–2022 ACS. Data on jobs by sector comes from the most recent Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics data (2021). To compare jobs more accurately with workers, Table 6 uses 2017–2021 ACS estimates. Overall, stakeholders note that COVID-19 has changed the landscape of the economy in the past five years. Additionally, high cost of living and connectivity issues serve as barriers to obtaining and maintaining employment. Economic Development Market Analysis The Tri-Cities is home to a diverse economy. The three cities enjoy a favorable geographic position located at the confluence of the Columbia River and its major tributaries, the Snake and Yakima Rivers, and are surrounded by more than a million acres of farmland in Benton and Franklin Counties. Production, manufacturing, and food processing are noted industries in the region. The forthcoming sections outline the business activity and education trends observed in the Tri-Cities according to 2022 ACS data. Business Activity The characteristics of the workforce provide insight into the nature of the economy and economic development needs in the region. Table 6 summarizes the number of workers and jobs in Pasco in each sector in 2021. According to 2021 ACS data, the three most common sectors by worker and job were education and health care services, professional, retail trade, and manufacturing. Of note, the percentage of manufacturing jobs in Pasco was 7 percent higher than in the Tri-Cities as a whole, indicating a higher concentration in the city. Table 6—Business Activity Business by Sector Number of Workers Number of Jobs Share of Workers % Share of Jobs % Jobs Less Workers % Agriculture, Mining, Oil & Gas Extraction 2,374 1,117 10% 5% -5% Arts, Entertainment, Accommodations 1,388 1,719 6% 8% 2% Construction 1,942 2,132 8% 10% 2% Education and Health Care Services 5,204 5,368 21% 24% 3% Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate 975 524 4% 2% -2% Information 139 73 1% 0% 0% Manufacturing 2,519 2,652 10% 12% 2% Other Services 802 569 3% 3% -1% Professional, Scientific, Management Services 2,853 1,121 12% 5% -7% Public Administration 1,348 650 5% 3% -3% Retail Trade 2,529 2,982 10% 14% 3% Transportation & Warehousing 1,483 1,622 6% 7% 1% Wholesale Trade 988 1,490 4% 7% 3% Grand Total 24,544 22,019 100% 100% 0% Data Source: 2017–2021 ACS (Workers), 2021 Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics (Jobs). Pasco Consolidated Plan | 40 Pasco Consolidated Plan | 41 Below is the unemployment rate in Pasco in 2022. In that year, 5.8 percent of Pasco residents were unemployed, which was like the Consortium unemployment rate of 5.1 percent. The unemployment rate was nearly triple for 16–24-year-old residents at 15.8 percent, which is 5 percentage points higher than the average for the Tri-Cities Consortium as a whole. Table 7—Labor Force Labor Force Metric Number or Percentage of Population Total Population in the Civilian Labor Force 37,297 Civilian Employed Population 16 years and over 34,983 Unemployment Rate 5.8% Unemployment Rate for Ages 16-24 15.8% Unemployment Rate for Ages 25-65 3.6% Data Source: 2018-2022 ACS Table 8 summarizes the occupations of Pasco workers by sector in 2022. The most common sector of employment was management, business, and financial, accounting for 30 percent of workers. Table 8—Occupations by Sector Occupations by Sector Number of People Management, business, and financial 10,762 Farming, fisheries, and forestry occupations 2,772 Service 6,098 Sales and office 6,386 Construction, extraction, maintenance, and repair 3,438 Production, transportation, and material moving 5,537 Data Source: 2018–2022 ACS. Table 9 provides information on the average commute time of Pasco residents. Most residents (74 percent) had a commute under 30 minutes. Table 9—Travel Time Travel Time Number Percentage < 30 Minutes 23,825 74% 30–59 Minutes 6,459 20% 60 or More Minutes 1,758 5% Total 32,042 100% Data Source: 2018–2022 ACS. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 42 Education Educational attainment provides insight into the training and job needs of residents. Table 10 displays the educational attainment by employment status of Pasco residents in 2022. Predictably, increases in education level correlated with decreases in unemployment. Five percent of people without a high school diploma were unemployed in 2022 compared to 1 percent of people with a bachelor’s degree or higher. Table 10—Educational Attainment by Employment Status Educational Attainment Residents In Labor Force (Civilian Employed) Residence In Labor Force (Unemployed) Not in Labor Force Less than high school graduate 6,145 343 1,990 High school graduate (includes equivalency) 7,183 432 1,862 Some college or associate degree 8,770 196 863 Bachelor’s degree or higher 6,450 87 2,635 Data Source: 2018–2022 ACS. Table 11 displays educational attainment by age. Overall, 30 percent of Pasco residents had a bachelor’s degree or higher, while 76 percent of residents had a high school diploma or higher. Compared to the Consortium as a whole, the educational attainment rate for both categories are 10 percent lower. Table 11—Educational Attainment by Age Educational Attainment 18 24 yrs (Age) 25 34 yrs (Age) 35 44 yrs (Age) 45 65 yrs (Age) 65+ yrs (Age) Less than 9th grade 172 874 1,507 3,020 1,296 9th to 12th grade, no diploma 1,664 1,121 1,245 1,356 406 High school graduate, GED, or alternative 2,719 2,982 2,931 3,692 1,930 Some college, no degree 2,340 3,034 2,135 2,449 1,696 Associate degree 567 1,173 854 1,288 658 Bachelor’s degree 332 2,197 1,012 1,566 615 Graduate or professional degree 7 732 773 1,120 671 Data Source: 2018–2022 ACS. Table 12 shows the 2022 median earnings of Pasco residents with varying levels of educational attainment. In each city, higher levels of educational attainment correlated with increased median earnings. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 43 Table 12—Median Earnings in the Past 12 Months Educational Attainment Pasco Less than high school graduate $32,385 High school graduate (includes equivalency) $40,026 Some college or associate degree $49,212 Bachelor’s degree $72,340 Graduate or professional degree $89,211 Data Source: 2018–2022 ACS. Based on the Business Activity table above, what are the major employment sectors within your jurisdiction? According to 2021 ACS data, the three most common sectors by worker and job in Pasco were: • Education and health care services (21 percent of workers and 24 percent of jobs). • Manufacturing (10 percent of workers and 12 percent of jobs). • Retail trade (10 percent of workers and 14 percent of jobs). Within these sectors, there are a variety of employers in the region. Listed below are the ten largest employers and their sectors in the Tri-Cities as reported by the Tri-City Development Council. Many of these employers align with the major sectors identified. In addition, this list identifies food processing and environmental remediation as additional sectors in the Tri-Cities. • Battelle/Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (Research and Development) • Kadlec Regional Medical Center (Health Care) • Kennewick School District (Education) • Lamb Weston (Food Processing) • Washington River Protection Solutions (Environmental Remediation) • Pasco School District (Education) • First Fruits Farms (Food Processing) • Richland School District (Education) • Central Plateau Cleanup Company (Environmental Remediation) • Bechtel National (Engineering and Construction) Describe the workforce and infrastructure needs of the business community. The Consortium conducted a consultation with economic development organizations regarding the needs of the business community. Stakeholders noted that employers face challenges finding workers. Listed below are common themes that emerged from the consultations as to why employers are struggling to Pasco Consolidated Plan | 44 hire. Overcoming these barriers to employment for Tri-Cities residents is a need of the business community. • Lack of access to childcare services is prohibitive to people entering the workforce. • Transportation is a large barrier to maintaining employment. • Potential workers and businesses have a lack of understanding about available opportunities and the pathway to those opportunities. • Lack of affordable housing opportunities makes it difficult for potential workers to relocate. • The pandemic shifted the demographics of the workforce. Many residents are opting for remote work opportunities and a higher number of women are exiting the workforce. Describe any major changes that may have an economic impact, such as planned local or regional public or private sector investments or initiatives that have affected or may affect job and business growth opportunities during the planning period. Describe any needs for workforce development, business support or infrastructure these changes may create. The Benton-Franklin Council of Governments 2021–2025 CEDS outlines several initiatives the counties will take to promote economic development, including supporting the following projects: • Creating a Regional Post-Disaster Economic Recovery and Resilience Plan. • Infrastructure projects to support industrial development. • Support for clean energy projects. Additionally, since 2022, the Tri-City Regional Chamber of Commerce has operated the Benton County Business Resource Initiative, which provides financial assistance to businesses negatively impacted by COVID-19. In 2023, the program awarded 161 grants ranging from $3,000 to $30,000 with a total investment of over three million dollars. These funds can be used for workforce training, work incentive bonuses, rent/utilities assistance, digital platform upgrades, and outdoor space enhancements. The Tri-City Regional Chamber of Commerce writes in its 2023 Annual Report that this program is a catalyst for transformative change within the business community to allow small businesses to recover from the pandemic and become resilient to future challenges. In supporting small businesses, these grants help to create more opportunities for businesses to expand, with potential infrastructure and employment needs following. Finally, in October 2024, Lamb Weston announced the closure of a potato processing plant in Franklin County, which employed 375 residents. The plant closure will likely impact the workforce and economy of the region as displaced workers look to find other employment opportunities. The TRIDEC noted that the organization will provide job search support to laid-off workers. How do the skills and education of the current workforce correspond to employment opportunities in the jurisdiction? In 2022, 20 percent of Pasco residents over the age of 25 obtained a bachelor’s degree or higher. Many positions in the top sectors of the Consortium, such as professional, scientific, and management services, Pasco Consolidated Plan | 45 health care: and education, require a bachelor’s degree. Additionally, as stated previously in this section, stakeholders noted that hiring employees with the necessary training is a barrier to economic development. Stakeholders noted that some residents might not know the options or pathways to engage with employment opportunities. Other residents, such as limited English speakers, face additional barriers to obtaining employment despite having the necessary skill set. Describe any current workforce training initiatives, including those supported by Workforce Investment Boards, community colleges and other organizations. Describe how these efforts will support the jurisdiction's Consolidated Plan. There are several initiatives and programs to develop the workforce in the Tri-Cities and to prepare for changing industries. Washington State University, Tri-Cities offers, in addition to 4-year degrees and professional programs, specialized course work at the Bio-Products, Science and Engineering Laboratory, which was developed in partnership with the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. This is industry- targeted, as are other programs offered, such as the program in viticulture and enology. Columbia Basin College in Pasco offers several workforce programs targeted to trades, business, health care, and public services. While programs are available and affordable, there is a need to reach out in a more coordinated way to potential students and the business community, as there is a need for a central information system. The High School Academy at Columbia Basin College recruits’ youth ages 16 to 20 to achieve a high school diploma and advanced career training. The initiative is the result of a partnership with schools, the Fast Forward Program (Boys and Girls Club), the Benton Franklin Juvenile Justice Center, and community agencies. The Small Business Development Center at TRIDEC helps start-up companies and small businesses and is a partnership with Columbia Basin College; Washington State University, Tri-Cities; US Small Business Administration; and local and regional governments in providing support and training for businesses. The Pasco Specialty Kitchen focuses on goods-based business development. The fully equipped and licensed kitchen, partially funded by the US Department of Commerce Economic Development Administration, supports developing businesses, and provides training and other support. The Specialty Kitchen and Farmer’s Market are projects supported by the Downtown Pasco Development Authority. Does your jurisdiction participate in a Comprehensive Economic Development Strategy (CEDS)? Yes. If so, what economic development initiatives are you undertaking that may be coordinated with the Consolidated Plan? If not, describe other local/regional plans or initiatives that impact economic growth. The Benton-Franklin Council of Governments 2021–2025 CEDS includes the following goals: • Improve the municipal infrastructure to support a growing and diverse population in an increasingly carbon-free economy. • Effectively plan for economic diversification and innovation. • Enhance economic resilience and workforce development. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 46 • Improve the quality of life of residents and expand the number of tourism-related activities. Discussion The Consortium identifies the key themes of this section to be as follows: • There exist notable barriers for residents in the workforce to obtaining and maintaining employment, such as lack of affordable housing and childcare costs. • Increasing connectivity, both to transportation and job networks, will help qualified candidates obtain and maintain employment. • The business and workforce community in the Tri-Cities is still feeling the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 47 MA-50 Needs and Market Analysis Discussion Are there areas where households with multiple housing problems are concentrated? (include a definition of "concentration") As of 2024, there have been no significant changes to the areas identified with concentrated housing problems in Pasco and the surrounding Tri-Cities in the past five years. The eastern portions of each city, particularly those with older housing stock, continue to face housing challenges. This aligns with the ongoing concerns noted in 2019 regarding older housing being more prone to issues like structural decay and overcrowding, which is particularly prevalent in mobile home parks across the region. Stakeholders still emphasize the need for improvements in these areas, especially in older neighborhoods in Pasco where deteriorating housing conditions persist. These areas have also seen demographic shifts, with Pasco's population growth being driven by younger residents and a majority Latino population. The city's aging housing stock, especially in lower-income neighborhoods, continues to correlate with housing problems, reinforcing the need for targeted interventions in these eastern sectors. Are there any areas in the jurisdiction where racial or ethnic minorities or low- income families are concentrated? (include a definition of "concentration") As of the most recent data available in 2021, the two census tracts in Pasco were designated as racially or ethnically concentrated areas of poverty (R/ECAPs). These areas have been consistently recognized for their high minority populations and poverty rates above 40 percent. No significant changes have been reported in the identification of new R/ECAPs within the Tri-Cities, though the concentrated areas continue to exhibit ongoing socioeconomic challenges. Additionally, disparities in poverty rates for specific racial and ethnic groups (such as Black or African American, American Indian, Alaska Native, and Hispanic or Latino households) persist in Pasco and Kennewick, with poverty rates more than 5 percent higher than the general consortium average. Thus, while these concentrated areas remain largely the same, the economic disparities and challenges faced by these populations continue to be a critical focus for local and federal planning efforts. What are the characteristics of the market in these areas/neighborhoods? As of 2024, the characteristics of the housing market in areas of concentrated poverty in Pasco and the Tri-Cities remain like what was reported in 2019. These areas, particularly in the eastern portions of Pasco, continue to feature lower home values and rents, which are linked to the concentration of poverty and housing problems, such as overcrowding, substandard housing conditions, and cost burdens. While property values have risen across the broader Tri-Cities region due to population growth and economic development, the neighborhoods identified as R/ECAPs still lag in terms of housing quality and affordability. The demand for affordable housing has increased, but the older housing stock in these areas, including mobile home parks, continues to contribute to higher levels of housing-related issues. In summary, while there may be slight increases in overall property values due to regional economic growth, the fundamental market characteristics—low property values, aging housing stock, and significant housing demand—persist in these concentrated areas of poverty. These factors continue to exacerbate housing issues in the identified R/ECAPs in Pasco. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 48 Are there any community assets in these areas/neighborhoods? As of 2024, community centers and faith-based organizations remain vital assets in the low-income neighborhoods of Pasco and the broader Tri-Cities, particularly in areas with lower home values and rents. These resources continue to play a crucial role in providing social, educational, and support services to residents, especially in areas with concentrated poverty, like Pasco's R/ECAPs. The importance of these assets has not diminished but rather grown as population increases and economic disparities have heightened the demand for social services. While specific locations of community assets have remained largely the same, these organizations have adapted to the evolving needs of the community. For instance, some community centers and faith-based groups have expanded their services to include more focused assistance in areas like food security, housing support, and mental health, which are increasingly critical in these low-income areas. Overall, the role of community assets, such as faith-based organizations and community centers, continues to be a key factor in supporting low-income families in the Tri-Cities. These institutions provide vital social services and community connections, helping to alleviate some of the challenges faced by residents in these economically disadvantaged areas. Are there other strategic opportunities in any of these areas? As of 2024, the strategic opportunities for leveraging community assets and promoting inclusive development in Pasco and the surrounding Tri-Cities have not significantly changed from the 2019 findings. Encouraging inclusive development continues to be a priority, with a focus on utilizing community centers, faith-based organizations, and public infrastructure to revitalize economically disadvantaged areas. Each city operates under a Comprehensive Plan, which emphasizes mixed-use development, affordable housing, and improving public transportation. Pasco's Comprehensive Plan highlights strategic efforts to enhance the quality of life in low-income neighborhoods through public-private partnerships and investment in infrastructure. However, there has been increased attention on integrating sustainability and resilience into these development strategies, likely reflecting the broader focus on climate adaptation and resource efficiency in urban planning. One noticeable shift is the growing emphasis on sustainability and long-term resilience, particularly in response to the region's rapid population growth and economic changes. The Comprehensive Plans are evolving to address new challenges related to housing affordability, environmental sustainability, and the need for greater community involvement in development processes. Overall, while the core strategies of leveraging community assets and promoting inclusive development remain unchanged, there is a stronger focus on sustainability and resilience in the strategic opportunities for these areas. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 49 MA-60 Broadband Needs of Housing occupied by Low- and Moderate-Income Households - 91.210(a)(4), 91.310(a)(2) Describe the need for broadband wiring and connections for households, including low- and moderate-income households and neighborhoods. According to 2022 ACS estimates, 5 percent of households in Pasco did not have internet access. Households without internet connection do not have equal access to resources such as those provided by government agencies, schools, and employers. In 2023, Benton and Franklin Counties both created Broadband and Digital Equity Local Action Plans that describe the needs of low- and moderate-income households and neighborhoods. The plans indicate that Northeastern Kennewick and census tracts along the Columbia River inside the cities of Kennewick and Pasco have the greatest need for digital equity. It is estimated that 15–22 percent of households in these census tracts do not have access to a computer, and 15–40 percent of households speak English as a second language. The report also lists the following populations as having the greatest need in Benton and Franklin Counties: • Incarcerated/recently released individuals. • Children and youth in foster care. • Non-English speakers. • Seniors. • Poverty-impacted individuals and families. • Housing insecure. • Veterans. • People with disabilities. • Marginalized groups. • People with low educational attainment. The reports call for the Tri-Cities to provide ongoing financial and technical support to populations with limited internet access, promote awareness regarding existing programs, and provide accommodations to people with a disability who may require special equipment and teaching. Describe the need for increased competition by having more than one broadband Internet service provider serve the jurisdiction. Overall, a lack of broadband provider competition can lead to market rigidity, which allows providers to charge higher prices for broadband. However, since 2019, the amount of service providers has increased in the Tri-Cities. As of 2021, no area in the Tri-Cities had fewer than four broadband internet providers. Available technologies include asymmetric digital subscriber line, cable, fiber, fixed wireless, and satellite. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 50 Figure 1—Broadband Providers in the Tri-Cities Data Source: Federal Communications Commission, Fixed Broadband Deployment (2021). Pasco Consolidated Plan | 51 MA-65 Hazard Mitigation - 91.210(a)(5), 91.310(a)(3) Describe the jurisdiction’s increased natural hazard risks associated with climate change. Benton and Franklin Counties published Natural Hazard Mitigation Plans in 2019 and 2018, respectively. These plans assess each city’s risk of experiencing a natural hazard. Summarized below are the risks of each natural hazard. • Flooding: At the confluence of the Columbia, Snake, and Yakima rivers, the Tri-Cities is at moderate risk of flooding. While the construction of dams along these rivers has reduced flooding potential, increased hazard severity could result in dam failure and flooding. • Drought: The Tri-Cities are assessed at a moderate risk of drought. • Wildfires: While there is a high probability of fire ignition throughout the three cities, there is a moderate risk that these ignitions will turn into wildfires. Benton County Emergency Services, whose service area covers the Tri-Cities, works to minimize the impact of disasters on the people, property, economy, and environment of Benton County through comprehensive disaster planning, preparedness education, training, and resource coordination. Describe the vulnerability to these risks of housing occupied by low- and moderate-income households based on an analysis of data, findings, and methods. As outlined in both counties’ Natural Hazard Mitigation Plans, instances of flood, drought, wildfires, and severe weather can severely impact the region. Listed below are vulnerabilities indicated in the reports. • Droughts would impact the agricultural and water transportation industry, disrupting local economies. • Severe weather events can impact power sources, cause debris, and stress infrastructure and transportation, causing damage to personal property and municipal facilities. • Floods bring risks of landslides, as well as damage to infrastructure, roads, and personal property. • Wildfires threaten the health and safety of people and can cause displacement and damage to homes and property. As the risk of climate-related hazards increases, so does the vulnerability of low- and moderate-income households. Low- and moderate-income households may not have the means to evacuate hazardous situations or have the ability to recover quickly. For instance, low- and moderate-income households may be less likely to carry flood insurance. To mitigate risks to low- and moderate-income households, Benton County Emergency Services maintains a Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan, which includes specific procedures as it pertains to mass sheltering. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 52 STRATEGIC PLAN SP-05 Overview Strategic Plan Overview The Strategic Plan outlines Pasco’s goals, objectives, and specific strategies to work towards those goals and objectives over the next five federal fiscal years. The Strategic Plan is comprised of nine sections: • Geographic Priorities • Priority Needs • Influence of Market Conditions • Anticipated Resources • Institutional Delivery Structure • Goals • Lead-Based Paint Hazards • Anti-Poverty Strategy • Monitoring The three cities work together to prepare and submit the Consolidated Plan because they formed a HOME Consortium to receive HOME funds. Richland serves as the lead entity for the HOME Consortium and receives and administers HOME funds on behalf of all three cities. Each city directly receives its own separate allocations of CDBG funds. This Strategic Plan includes priority needs and goals for the use of Pasco’s CDBG allocation. This five-year strategic plan sets the framework for projects and activities in the Tri-Cities Consortium over the next five years. The three cities have identified a common set of priority needs for affordable housing and community development. There is one common goal framework for the use of HOME and CDBG funds. For CDBG, the cities share a common goal framework, but activities under each overarching goal vary based on the specific priorities within each city. Three priority needs were identified by the three cities: • The need for affordable housing creation, preservation, access, and choice. • The need for community, neighborhood, and economic development. • The need for supportive public services. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 53 SP-10 Geographic Priorities - 91.415, 91.215(a)(1) The SP-10 Geographic Priorities section of the Consolidated Plan provides insight into how priority needs are selected, and investments are allocated. Geographic Area There are no specific geographic priority areas established in this Consolidated Plan. All funds will be utilized in eligible areas city-wide. General Allocation Priorities Describe the basis for allocating investments geographically within the state Pasco allocates funds to address strategies under the three overarching goal areas: • Affordable housing choice. • Community and economic development. • Public services. Investments are distributed throughout the three cities, and allocations are determined through the use of low- and moderate-income population data and other data as applicable. Rehabilitation of older housing stock was determined to be a priority for all three cities through quantitative and qualitative data analysis. The 2022 ACS data indicates that a significant percentage of housing structures in the Tri-Cities was built prior to 1980 and may need health and safety upgrades. Stakeholders noted that, oftentimes, Section 8 voucher recipients have difficulty finding units that meet the habitability criteria set by HUD due to poor unit conditions. Additionally, stakeholders note the limited amount of accessible housing available in the Tri-Cities. Thus, ensuring current affordable housing stock is not lost due to health and safety concerns and is accessible to people with physical disabilities is a priority. The cities will also continue to take advantage of opportunities to improve downtown areas, particularly in deteriorated areas. Stakeholders note that as public facilities continue to age, they require a greater degree of maintenance and rehabilitation. Additionally, stakeholders identified a need for greater job opportunities, affordable housing for workers, increased connectivity to job sites, and pathways for small businesses. Improvements to the vitality and viability of each city’s downtown region will help to attract and promote businesses that will potentially result in jobs for lower-income residents and improve connectivity. All three cities have and will continue to focus local and other resources on rebuilding the downtown areas. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 54 SP-25 Priority Needs - 91.415, 91.215(a)(2) Priority Needs The SP-25 Priority Needs section of the Consolidated Plan provides greater detail into the goals outlined in the Strategic Plan. Table 13—Priority Need 1: Affordable Housing Choice Prompt Description Priority Level: High Description: Pasco will work to preserve and expand the supply of affordable housing by funding activities such as homeowner and rental rehabilitation. Additionally, Pasco will support housing code enforcement to aid low- and moderate-income households in maintaining safe and decent housing. Population Served: Income Level ☒ Extremely Low ☒ Low ☒ Moderate ☐ Middle Family Types ☒ Large Families ☒ Families with Children ☒ Elderly ☒ Public Housing Residents Pasco Consolidated Plan | 55 Prompt Description Population Served Homeless (Continued): ☐ Rural ☒ Chronic Homelessness ☒ Individuals ☒ Families with Children ☒ Mentally Ill ☒ Chronic Substance Abuse ☒ Veterans ☒ Persons with HIV/AIDS ☒ Victims of Domestic Violence ☒ Unaccompanied Youth Non-Homeless Special Needs ☒ Elderly ☒ Frail Elderly ☒ Persons with Mental Disabilities ☒ Persons with Physical Disabilities ☒ Persons with Developmental Disabilities ☒ Persons with Alcohol or Other Addictions ☒ Persons with HIV/AIDS and their Families ☒ Victims of Domestic Violence ☐ Non-Housing Community Development ☐ Other Target Areas Affected: Not targeted Associated Goals: ☒G1: Increase and Preserve Affordable Housing Choices ☐ G2: Community, Neighborhood, and Economic Development ☐ G3: Public Services Pasco Consolidated Plan | 56 Prompt Description Describe Basis for Relative Priority: The most recent CHAS estimates from 2020 indicate that 53 percent of Tri-Cities residents were housing cost burdened or severely housing cost burdened. Stakeholders and community members confirmed through consultation that the lack of accessible, affordable housing available in the Tri-Cities is a high priority, as detailed in the Needs Assessment and Market Analysis. Low vacancy rates, limited affordable housing developers, and a lack of accessible units in the region emphasize the need to preserve current affordable housing stock through rehabilitation. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 57 Table 14—Priority Need 2: Community and Economic Development Prompt Description Priority Level: High Description: Pasco will support investments in low-income communities to ensure access to thriving, connected, and inclusive communities by funding activities such as public facility rehabilitation, community development, infrastructure improvements, and other non-housing public services. Population Served: Income Level ☒ Extremely Low ☒ Low ☒ Moderate ☒ Middle Family Types ☒ Large Families ☒ Families with Children ☒ Elderly ☒ Public Housing Residents Homeless ☐ Rural ☐ Chronic Homelessness ☐ Individuals ☐ Families with Children ☐ Mentally Ill ☐ Chronic Substance Abuse ☐ Veterans ☐ Persons with HIV/AIDS ☐ Victims of Domestic Violence ☐ Unaccompanied Youth Pasco Consolidated Plan | 58 Prompt Description Population Served (Continued): Non-homeless Special Needs ☒ Elderly ☒ Frail Elderly ☒ Persons with Mental Disabilities ☒ Persons with Physical Disabilities ☒ Persons with Developmental Disabilities ☐ Persons with Alcohol or Other Addictions ☐ Persons with HIV/AIDS and their Families ☐ Victims of Domestic Violence ☒ Non-Housing Community Development ☐ Other Target Areas Affected: Not targeted Associated Goals: ☐ G1: Increase and Preserve Affordable Housing Choices ☒G2: Community, Neighborhood, and Economic Development ☐ G3: Public Services Describe Basis for Relative Priority: Stakeholders and community members noted during consultation sessions and surveys that there is a high demand for public services and facilities, particularly parks and recreation. As community buildings continue to age, there is a greater need for maintenance for these spaces. Additionally, stakeholders noted sidewalk improvements, particularly to increase ADA compliance and accessibility, are noted Consortium needs. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 59 Table 15—Priority Need 3: Public Services Prompt Description Priority Level: High Description: Pasco will support individuals and families by investing in housing and supportive services to increase self-sufficiency and well-being among low- and moderate-income households in Pasco. Population Served: Income Level ☒ Extremely Low ☒ Low ☒ Moderate ☐ Middle Family Types ☒ Large Families ☒ Families with Children ☒ Elderly ☒ Public Housing Residents Homeless ☐ Rural ☒ Chronic Homelessness ☒ Individuals ☒ Families with Children ☒ Mentally Ill ☒ Chronic Substance Abuse ☒ Veterans ☒ Persons with HIV/AIDS ☒ Victims of Domestic Violence ☒ Unaccompanied Youth Pasco Consolidated Plan | 60 Prompt Description Population Served (Continued): Non-homeless Special Needs ☒ Elderly ☒ Frail Elderly ☒ Persons with Mental Disabilities ☒ Persons with Physical Disabilities ☒ Persons with Developmental Disabilities ☒ Persons with Alcohol or Other Addictions ☒ Persons with HIV/AIDS and their Families ☒ Victims of Domestic Violence ☐ Non-Housing Community Development ☐ Other Target Areas Affected: Not targeted Associated Goals: ☐ G1: Increase and Preserve Affordable Housing Choices ☐ G2: Community, Neighborhood, and Economic Development ☒G3: Public Services Describe Basis for Relative Priority: Housing and supportive service providers noted through outreach efforts that the demand for services is higher than what organizations have the capacity to address. As housing costs continue to increase, the number of households requesting supportive services will likely increase as well. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 61 SP-30 Influence of Market Conditions - 91.415, 91.215(b) Influence of Market Conditions The SP-30 Influence of Market Conditions section of the Consolidated Plan describes the characteristics of the housing market as it relates to the Tri-Cities’ priority needs. Overall, as detailed in the Needs Assessment and Market Analysis, rising rents, low vacancy rates, and lack of affordable housing development have characterized the Tri-Cities housing market. As a result, many low- and moderate-income households live in unaffordable or substandard units. Table 16 outlines various market characteristics that influence affordable housing programs in the Tri-Cities. Table 16—Influence of Market Conditions Affordable Housing Type Market Characteristics That Will Influence the Use of Funds Available for Housing Type Tenant-Based Rental Assistance (TBRA) Low vacancy rates and rising rents have increased the competition for affordable rental units, particularly among low-income renters. As a result, securing a rental unit in the private market can be a significant challenge. During consultation sessions, stakeholders noted that, because of increasing prices, service providers have a limited portfolio of housing options to offer clients. These factors will likely increase the need for TBRA. TBRA for Non-Homeless Special Needs Many of the same market constraints, including low vacancy rates and rising rents, that impact TBRA programs also impact rental assistance for special needs populations, including seniors, victims of gender-based violence, and people with disabilities. Data analysis indicated that, for instance, many households with at least one senior experience housing cost burden. For TBRA programs, a deeper subsidy level may be needed to serve vulnerable populations. New Unit Production Stakeholders noted in the consultation sessions that there are a limited number of affordable housing developers in the Tri-Cities. Stakeholders cite the lack of incentives and funding as primary reasons for the lack of affordable housing construction. In addition, for both new unit production and rehabilitation, the cost of labor in the area will increase slightly along with the cost of living as the area continues to grow in population and economic opportunities. This increased labor cost, coupled with the lack of affordable housing developers in the region, will impact the feasibility of certain projects and the quantity possible. Rehabilitation The Tri-Cities currently fund programs for housing repair and rehabilitation. In recent years, there continues to be a high demand for housing rehabilitation and repair assistance. Stakeholders note the need to repair public housing and assisted units. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 62 Affordable Housing Type Market Characteristics That Will Influence the Use of Funds Available for Housing Type Acquisition, Including Preservation Stakeholders noted in the consultation sessions that there is limited land for development. The demand for housing and land in the region continues to increase, and this demand will drive prices upward. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 63 SP-35 Anticipated Resources - 91.420(b), 91.215(a)(4), 91.220(c)(1,2) Introduction The SP-35 Anticipated Resources section of the Consolidated Plan identifies the federal, state, local, and private resources expected to be available to Pasco to address the priority needs outlined in the Strategic Plan. The City of Pasco receives CDBG funds for use within the city in the approximate annual amount of $677,540. The Anticipated Resources table below describes this funding source. Anticipated Resources Table 17—Anticipated Resources: Pasco Program Source of Funds Uses of Funds Expected Amount Available Year 1 Expected Amount Available Remainder of ConPlan $ Narrative Description Annual Allocation: $ Program Income: $ Prior Year Resources: $ Total: $ CDBG Public — Federal Acquisition Admin and Planning Economic Development Housing Public Improvements Public Services $677,540 n/a n/a $677,540 $3,387,700 CDBG funds leverage local, state, and federal funds. Agencies can combine funding sources in order to provide a wider range of services to the community. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 64 Explain how federal funds will leverage those additional resources (private, state, and local funds), including a description of how matching requirements will be satisfied. HOME and CDBG funds are important resources in the community and are used in conjunction with local, state, other federal, and private funds to support housing and other projects. Each of the cities is supportive of efforts by other organizations to obtain funding for projects to address the needs and goals outlined in this plan and in meeting the needs of the Tri-Cities. Cities also assist community organizations in strategizing, applying for, accessing, and developing new resources and partnerships. CDBG and HOME funds are frequently used to leverage local, state, and federal funds such as United Way, Washington State Housing Trust Funds, ESG, housing, and homeless funds generated by recording fees and county or city general funds. Each city, as a HOME Consortium participant, is required to match HOME funds. That match is met using city general funds or other non-federal funds and land made available at reduced costs (below appraised value) in the form of reduced financing fees from lenders and appraisers, grants for affordable housing from nonfederal sources, donated construction/housing materials, and volunteer labor. If appropriate, describe publicly owned land or property located within the jurisdiction that may be used to address the needs identified in the plan. Not applicable. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 65 SP-40 Institutional Delivery Structure - 91.415, 91.215(k) Explain the institutional structure through which the jurisdiction will carry out its consolidated plan including private industry, non-profit organizations, and public institutions. The SP-40 Institutional Delivery Structure section of the Consolidated Plan summarizes information gathered through stakeholder and community engagement and existing reports on the institutional delivery structure in the Tri-Cities. The institutional delivery structure includes entities that will carry out the objectives outlined in the Strategic Plan for CDBG. Table 18—Institutional Delivery Structure Responsible Entity Responsible Entity Type Role Geographic Area Served Pasco Government Economic Development Non-homeless Special Needs Ownership Planning Neighborhood Improvements Public Facilities Public Services Jurisdiction Assess of Strengths and Gaps in the Institutional Delivery System Tri-Cities HOME and CDBG staff work with various nonprofit and governmental agencies during the planning, project proposal, and implementation stages of the programs. While the City of Richland is the lead entity, it relies heavily on the staff of the other two cities for support in the HOME program. Each city is responsible for all functions of its CDBG program. The following strengths, challenges, and gaps summarize key themes from outreach efforts as well as existing Tri-Cities plans, studies, and reports related to the Consortium’s institutional delivery structure. The following lists are not exhaustive but include strengths, challenges, and gaps as they relate to the Consolidated Plan. Strengths • Efficient collaboration between the three jurisdictions to administer HOME funds. • Strong local and regional partnerships to collaborate on programs and initiatives that benefit low- and moderate-income people and reduce administrative burden. Challenges • Limited capacity among housing and human services providers to meet the needs of the community. • Limited funding for service providers to hire and retain qualified staff. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 66 • Limited affordable housing developers in the region. • Private sector housing options, which used to serve as part of service providers’ portfolios, are becoming too expensive or unavailable to utilize. • Housing voucher waitlists rarely open or close within days due to high demand. • The ending of the Treasury Rental Assistance Program and state-funded Eviction Rental Assistance Program left a gap in resources. Gaps • Lack of transitional housing options. • Need for low-barrier shelter options. • Limited shelter options for men and adolescent boys means families may have to separate across shelters. • Need to expand language options for housing and human services providers, particularly Ukrainian, Burmese, and Spanish. Availability of services targeted to homeless persons and persons with HIV and mainstream services. The Consortium direct public service funding to services for people experiencing homelessness or who are at risk of experiencing homelessness. There are no known providers in the Tri- Cities that provide homeless prevention services targeted to people with HIV or AIDS. Table 19.1—Homeless Prevention Services Summary (Homelessness Prevention Services) Homelessness Prevention Services Available in the Community Targeted to Homeless Targeted to People with HIV Counseling/Advocacy YES YES NO Legal Assistance YES YES NO Mortgage Assistance YES NO NO Rental Assistance YES YES NO Utilities Assistance YES NO NO Table 19.2—Homeless Prevention Services Summary (Street Outreach Services) Homelessness Prevention Services Available in the Community Targeted to Homeless Targeted to People with HIV Law Enforcement NO NO NO Mobile Clinics NO NO NO Other Street Outreach Services YES YES NO Pasco Consolidated Plan | 67 Table 19.3—Homeless Prevention Services Summary (Supportive Services) Homelessness Prevention Services Available in the Community Targeted to Homeless Targeted to People with HIV Alcohol & Drug Abuse YES YES NO Child Care YES YES NO Education YES YES NO Employment and Employment Training YES YES NO Health Care YES YES NO HIV/AIDS YES YES NO Life Skills YES YES NO Mental Health Counseling YES YES NO Transportation YES YES NO Table 19.4—Homeless Prevention Services Summary (Other) Homelessness Prevention Services Available in the Community Targeted to Homeless Targeted to People with HIV Other NO NO NO Describe how the service delivery system including, but not limited to, the services listed above meet the needs of homeless persons (particularly chronically homeless individuals and families, families with children, veterans and their families, and unaccompanied youth). The Benton Franklin CoC operates the Housing Resource Center, which serves as the Coordinated Entry point for the Tri-Cities. As outlined in the Benton & Franklin Counties Five-Year Plan to End Homelessness (2020–2025), the Housing Resource Center is designed to allow anyone in need of assistance to be assessed in a standard and consistent manner. Upon assessment, the Housing Resource Center prioritizes households based on need. People who are chronic homeless, fleeing violence, unsheltered homeless, sheltered homeless, and veterans, among others, comprise the highest need. Households are then referred to the appropriate programs among the network of homeless services in the two counties. As stated in this section, there are strong, inter-organizational partnerships in the Tri-Cities that coordinate to address the needs of people experiencing homelessness. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 68 Describe the strengths and gaps of the service delivery system for special needs population and persons experiencing homelessness, including, but not limited to, the services listed above. Listed below are the strengths and gaps identified by stakeholders during outreach efforts and in existing Tri-Cities plans and reports regarding the service delivery system for special needs populations and persons experiencing homelessness. Strengths • The Housing Resource Center serves as an accessible vehicle by which households can obtain services. • Consistent use of a prioritization tool promotes fair and equitable access to services. • The County Human Services Department employs a regular outreach team to people experiencing homelessness in the community. • The CoC runs internal programs to fill gaps in the housing system. Gaps • There is a lack of transitional housing options. • Need for more low-barrier shelter options and options for various family types. • The demand for services is higher than what most providers have the capacity to accommodate. Provide a summary of the strategy for overcoming gaps in the institutional structure and service delivery system for carrying out a strategy to address priority needs. Pasco will continue to participate in cross-jurisdictional efforts to improve the institutional structure and reduce gaps in the service system. This includes participation in the Benton Franklin CoC and Benton and Franklin Counties Department of Human Services, involvement with housing authorities, and continued efforts to foster cooperation and focused coordination of funding and administrative efforts. Additionally, the Benton & Franklin Counties Five-Year Plan to End Homelessness (2020–2025) includes five objectives to improve system delivery and reduce homelessness in the community. They are: • Quickly identify and engage people experiencing homelessness under the state definition, and all unaccompanied youth under any federal definition, through outreach and coordination between every system that encounters people experiencing homelessness. • Prioritization of homeless housing for people with the highest needs. • Operate an effective and efficient homeless crisis response housing system that swiftly moves people into stable housing. • Projection of the impact of the fully implemented local plans on the number of households housed and the number of households left unsheltered, assuming existing resources and state policies. • Address racial disparities among people experiencing homelessness. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 69 SP-45 Goals - 91.415, 91.215(a)(4) The SP-45 Goals section of the Consolidated Plan summarizes the priorities and specific goals Pasco will set for the next five funding years. Goals Summary Information Table 20—Goal 1: Affordable Housing Choice Prompt Description Description: Pasco will work to preserve and expand the supply of affordable housing by funding activities such as homeowner and rental rehabilitation. Additionally, Pasco will support housing code enforcement to aid low- and moderate-income households in maintaining safe and decent housing. Category: ☒ Affordable Housing ☐ Public Housing ☐ Homeless ☐ Non-Homeless Special Needs ☐ Non-Housing Community Development ☐ Other: Start Year: 2025 End Year: 2029 Outcome: ☒ Availability/Accessibility ☒ Affordability ☐ Sustainability Objective: ☐ Create Suitable Living Environments ☒ Provide Decent Affordable Housing ☐ Create Economic Opportunities Geographic Areas Included: None Priority Needs Addressed: ☒ PN-1: Affordable Housing Choice ☐ PN-2: Community and Economic Development ☐ PN-3: Public Services Funding Allocated: CDBG: $1,693,850 Goal Outcome Indicator: Homeowner Housing Rehabilitated: 25 housing units Rental Units Rehabilitated: 2 housing units Housing Code Enforcement/Foreclosed Property Care: 2,500 households assisted Pasco Consolidated Plan | 70 Table 21—Goal 2: Community, Neighborhood, and Economic Development Prompt Description Description: Pasco will support investments in low-income communities to ensure access to thriving, connected, and inclusive communities by funding activities such as public facility rehabilitation, community development, infrastructure improvements, and other non- housing public services. Category: ☐ Affordable Housing ☐ Public Housing ☐ Homeless ☐ Non-Homeless Special Needs ☒ Non-Housing Community Development ☐ Other: Start Year: 2025 End Year: 2029 Outcome: ☐ Availability/Accessibility ☐ Affordability ☒ Sustainability Objective: ☒ Create Suitable Living Environments ☐ Provide Decent Affordable Housing ☐ Create Economic Opportunities Geographic Areas Included: None Priority Needs Addressed: ☐ PN-1: Affordable Housing Choice ☒ PN-2: Community and Economic Development ☐ PN-3: Public Services Funding Allocated: CDBG: $1,693,850 Goal Outcome Indicator: Public Facility or Infrastructure Activities other than Low- and Moderate-Income Housing: 53,800 persons assisted Façade Treatment/Business-Building Rehabilitation: 10 businesses Jobs Created/Retained: 75 jobs Pasco Consolidated Plan | 71 Table 22—Goal 3: Public Services Prompt Description Description: Pasco will support individuals and families by investing in housing and supportive services to increase self-sufficiency and well-being among low and moderate-income households in Pasco. Category: ☐ Affordable Housing ☐ Public Housing ☐ Homeless ☒ Non-Homeless Special Needs ☐ Non-Housing Community Development ☐ Other: Start Year: 2025 End Year: 2029 Outcome: ☒ Availability/Accessibility ☐ Affordability ☐ Sustainability Objective: ☒ Create Suitable Living Environments ☐ Provide Decent Affordable Housing ☐ Create Economic Opportunities Geographic Areas Included: None Priority Needs Addressed: ☐ PN-1: Affordable Housing Choice ☐ PN-2: Community and Economic Development ☒ PN-3: Public Services Funding Allocated: CDBG: $0 Goal Outcome Indicator: Public Services other than Low- and Moderate-Income Housing: 25 persons assisted Pasco Consolidated Plan | 72 Estimate the number of extremely low-income, low-income, and moderate-income families to whom the jurisdiction will provide affordable housing as defined by HOME 91.315(b)(2). An estimated one household will be assisted in the 2025 program year in the HOME homebuyer assistance program. Thirty households from Kennewick, Pasco, and Richland will be served with the TBRA program. Two homeowner rehabilitation programs are targeted for the 2025 program year. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 73 SP-65 Lead-based Paint Hazards - 91.415, 91.215(i) The SP-65 Lead-based Paint Hazards section of the Consolidated Plan describes the actions taken to reduce lead-based paint hazards. Actions to address LBP hazards and increase access to housing without LBP hazards. A substantial share of housing in each of the three cities is older and more at risk of having lead paint hazards, which is particularly true of older units in poor maintenance, such as those in lower-income neighborhoods. Each city will continue to create community awareness as an important component of reducing lead hazards. Education efforts focus on actions to take when rehabilitating or remodeling a home and steps to take if exposure to lead hazards is suspected. Each city will make those materials easily available in pamphlet form, via available links on websites, and in planning and building departments. All materials may be made available in several languages. The cities actively promote safe work practices and information for residents and contractors. How are the actions listed above related to the extent of lead poisoning and hazards? Information is made available to the community, being distributed to all city contractors and planning and building departments. Applicants for down-payment assistance programs and housing renovation are provided the materials and given counseling on lead-safe practices and hazards. How are the actions listed above integrated into housing policies and procedures? The cities use LBP Safe Checklists to evaluate the applicability of the lead safe housing rule to projects funded with CDBG and HOME funds. The cities work with approved contractors to perform testing to identify LBP hazards and will assure compliance after remediation work through risk assessments and clearance exams. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 74 SP-70 Anti-Poverty Strategy - 91.415, 91.215(j) The SP-70 Anti-Poverty Strategy section of the Consolidated Plan describes the actions taken to reduce poverty. Jurisdiction Goals, Programs, and Policies for Reducing the Number of Poverty- Level Families Each of the three Consolidated Plan goals has the aim to reduce the number of households in poverty, in addition to providing relief from the financial burdens of poverty. The goal to increase and preserve affordable housing choices (particularly rental housing) will remove some of the burden of cost, increase housing safety, and result in housing stability for some Tri-Cities households. Assisting households in meeting their housing needs often frees up that household to focus energy and resources on job skills, work opportunities, and educational opportunities. To the extent physical environments are improved, streets and roads are made safer and more amenable to multiple modes of transportation, and people feel safer on their streets and downtown, the community is more attractive to new residents and new businesses/workers. The three cities will continue to explore ways to use CDBG funds to support programs that help employ persons in poverty, such as the Pasco Specialty Kitchen, and to invest in training and support for new and existing businesses that provide quality jobs to the region. Supportive services offer the opportunity to make choices about self-sufficiency and a way out of poverty and the contributing circumstances (e.g., domestic violence, mental illness, loss of employment, illness). How are the Jurisdiction poverty reducing goals, programs, and policies coordinated with this affordable housing plan? The Tri-Cities Consolidated Plan focuses on meeting the needs of lower-income people and neighborhoods. The Consortium will use HOME and CDBG funds to support low- and moderate-income families while supporting broader community-wide strategies to increase self-sufficiency and economic opportunities. The CDBG program staff are active participants in CoC meetings, where needs, resources, and strategies are regularly discussed and coordinated. Each of the three cities has its own Comprehensive Plan, and each of those plans considers the cities as part of the region. Both Benton and Franklin counties continue to expand their housing, behavioral health, and supportive service systems. Notably, this includes continued work on the Coordinated Entry System that increases efficiencies and outcomes of the CoC in the region. Pasco will continue to coordinate with the Housing Authority of the City of Pasco and Franklin County to support opportunities to expand voucher programs and maintain capacity to assist lowest-income households. Over the years, a close, cooperative relationship between the Benton Franklin Community Action Committee allows the cities to support a coordinated effort to reduce burdens for those living in poverty. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 75 SP-80 Monitoring - 91.230 The SP-80 Monitoring section of the Consolidated Plan describes the standards and procedures the Tri- Cities will use to monitor its housing and community development projects. Describe the standards and procedures that the jurisdiction will use to monitor activities carried out in furtherance of the plan and will use to ensure long-term compliance with requirements of the programs involved, including minority business outreach and the comprehensive planning requirements. The City of Richland is responsible for monitoring Richland CDBG and HOME Consortium program subrecipients. The Cities of Kennewick and Pasco are responsible for their respective CDBG program subrecipients. All are responsible for ensuring compliance with all federal, state, and local rules, regulations, and laws. Monitoring is accomplished through on-site monitoring, desk monitoring, written correspondence, and phone conversations. Technical assistance is offered throughout the year, both to new sub-recipients and existing subrecipients. Subrecipients are required to provide written quarterly reports to identify progress made in the program and how funds have been used. Housing projects funded by CDBG or HOME programs are typically made as loans documented by recorded deeds of trust, promissory notes, and other contractual loan agreements. These documents establish the obligations for compliance with CDBG or HOME regulations. All housing projects are required to secure building permits and comply with zoning and building code requirements. Housing units are inspected, and corrections are required to meet building codes as part of the permitting process. HOME-funded projects to purchase existing units receive an on-site housing quality standards inspection and visual paint inspection. Specific language is in the written contractual agreement and Deeds of Trust to ensure the assisted unit complies with affordability requirements. A performance measurement system to determine the impact federal dollars are making in the community assists in monitoring program and subrecipient performance. These actions identify potential areas of concern and assist in making necessary changes to ensure programs operate efficiently and effectively. The cities do not monitor grants or loans awarded directly to other entities by HUD or other federal or non-federal agencies. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 76 ANNUAL ACTION PLAN AP-15 Expected Resources - 91.420(b), 91.220(c)(1,2) Introduction The Annual Action Plan is comprised of six sections: • Expected Resources • Annual Goals and Objectives • Projects • Geographic Distribution • Other Actions • Program Specific Requirements Together, these sections guide the investment of federal housing and community development funds for the program year operating from January 1 to December 31, 2025. As a recipient of federal funding from HUD, Pasco receives an annual entitlement, or formula grant, from the CDBG. Pasco received the following grant amount for the 2025 program year period. • CDBG: $677,540. As each of the three cities shares a common set of goals and directions for meeting the community development and affordable housing needs of lower-income persons, Pasco intends to use these funds to further the three primary goals listed in the Consortium’s 2025–2029 Consolidated Plan which include: • Affordable housing choice. • Community and economic development. • Public services. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 77 Anticipated Resources Table 23—Expected Resources—Priority Table Program Source of Funds Uses of Funds Expected Amount Available Year 1 Expected Amount Available Remainder of Con Plan $ Narrative Description Annual Allocation: $ Program Income: $ Prior Year Resources: $ Total: $ CDBG Public — federal Acquisition Admin and Planning Economic Development Housing Public Improvements Public Services $677,540 $0 $0 $677,540 $2,710,160 Fiscal year 2025 allocation amount Explain how federal funds will leverage those additional resources (private, state, and local funds), including a description of how matching requirements will be satisfied. CDBG and HOME funds are important resources in the community and are used in conjunction with local, state, other federal, and private funds to support housing and other projects. Each of the cities is supportive of efforts by other organizations to obtain funding for projects to address the needs and goals outlined in this plan and to meet the needs of the Tri-Cities. Cities also assist community organizations in strategizing, applying for, accessing, and developing new resources and partnerships. CDBG and HOME funds are frequently used to leverage local, state, and federal funds such as United Way, Washington State Housing Trust Funds, ESG, and housing and homeless funds generated by recording fees and county or city general funds. Each city, as a HOME Consortium participant, is required to match HOME funds. That match is met using city general funds or other non-federal funds and land made available at a reduced cost (below appraised value) in the form of reduced financing fees from lenders and appraisers, grants for affordable housing from nonfederal sources, donated construction/housing materials, and volunteer labor. If appropriate, describe publicly owned land or property located within the jurisdiction that may be used to address the needs identified in the plan. Not applicable. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 78 Pasco Consolidated Plan | 79 AP-20 Annual Goals and Objectives - 91.420, 91.220(c)(3) &(e) The AP-20 Annual Goals and Objectives section of the Consolidated Plan summarizes the specific goals and actions Pasco will undertake during the program year. Pasco has identified the following three goals to guide its CDBG funding over the next year. Goals Summary Information Table 24—Goals Summary Sort Order Goal Name Start Year End Year Category Geographic Area Needs Addressed Funding Goal Outcome Indicator 1 Increase and preserve affordable housing choices 2025 2029 Affordable Housing N/A Affordable Housing Choice CDBG: $195,000 Homeowner housing rehabilitated: 5 housing units Rental units rehabilitated: 1 housing unit Housing code enforcement/foreclosed property care: 500 housing units 2 Community, neighborhood, & economic development 2025 2029 Non-Housing Community Development N/A Community & Economic Development CDBG: $347,540 Public facility or infrastructure activities other than low- /moderate-income housing benefit: 10,760 people assisted Facade treatment/business- building rehabilitation: 2 businesses Jobs created/retained: 15 jobs 3 Public Services 2025 2029 Public Services N/A Public Services CDBG: $0 Public service activities other than low-/moderate-income housing benefit: 5 persons assisted Pasco Consolidated Plan | 80 Goal Descriptions Table 25—Goal Names and Descriptions Goal Name Goal Description Increase and preserve affordable housing choices Pasco will work to preserve and expand the supply of affordable housing by funding activities such as homeowner and rental rehab. Additionally, Pasco will support housing code enforcement to aid low- and moderate-income households in maintaining safe and decent housing. Community, neighborhood & economic development Pasco will support investments in low-income communities to ensure access to thriving, connected, and inclusive communities by funding activities such as public facility rehabilitation, community development, infrastructure improvements, and other non-housing public services. Public Services Pasco will support individuals and families at risk of homelessness or experiencing homelessness by investing in housing and supportive services to increase self-sufficiency and wellbeing among low- and moderate-income households in Pasco. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 81 AP-35 Projects - 91.420, 91.220(d) Introduction The AP-35 Projects section of the Consolidated Plan describes how funds will be used to support the goals and priorities identified in previous sections of this Consolidated Plan. Projects and activities are carefully chosen. CDBG activities go through a competitive process, ensuring the maximum effectiveness in the use of federal grant funds. Table 26—Project Information # Project Name 1 Program Administration 2 Public Services 3 Economic Opportunities 4 Decent Housing 5 Community Infrastructure 6 Section 108 Guaranteed Loan Program Describe the reasons for allocation priorities and any obstacles to addressing underserved needs. Funding priorities are consistent with those stated in the Strategic Plan. The City of Pasco intends to maximize the use of limited resources to ensure the highest benefit within the capacity to administer the program. Given the significant increase in housing needs, including the lack of accessible housing units, the City of Pasco will prioritize rehabilitation efforts in the community. High priority is also placed on projects that would enhance the economic opportunities of residents. Whenever feasible, projects that leverage additional funds or are coordinated with community partners are emphasized and given priority. The city does not anticipate obstacles to meeting the underserved needs addressed in the projects. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 82 AP-35 Project Summary The AP-35 Project Summary provides greater detail into the specific projects the Consortium will undertake in FY2025. Project Summary Information Table 27—Project Information # Project Information Details 1 Project Name: Program Administration 1 Target Area: N/A 1 Goals Supported: Increase and Preserve Affordable Housing Choice Community, Neighborhood, and Economic Development Homeless Intervention and Public Services 1 Needs Addressed: Affordable Housing Choice Community and Economic Development Public Services 1 Funding: CDBG: $135,000 1 Description: Fund necessary for staff to administer, manage, and monitor the implementation of CDBG funds and associated federal regulations. Administration funding will include 20 percent of eligible program income. 1 Target Date: 12/31/2025 1 Estimate the number and type of families that will benefit from the proposed activities: N/A 1 Location Description: 525 N. 3rd Avenue Pasco, WA 99301 1 Planned Activities: CDBG funding will be provided to support administration, management, and monitoring. Responsibilities include, but are not limited to, activity eligibility determination, fund management, labor standards enforcement, and environmental review. Policy leadership and back-office infrastructure are also included. 2 Project Name: Public Services 2 Target Area: N/A 2 Goals Supported: Public Services 2 Needs Addressed: Public Services Pasco Consolidated Plan | 83 # Project Information Details 2 Funding: CDBG: $0 2 Description: Public Service-funded activities to carry out opportunities for low-income clientele, including City staff costs for program delivery. 2 Target Date: 12/31/2025 2 Estimate the number and type of families that will benefit from the proposed activities: 5 2 Location Description: 205 S Wehe Ave, Pasco, WA 99301 (Martin Luther King Center) 2 Planned Activities: 3 Project Name: Economic Opportunities 3 Target Area: N/A 3 Goals Supported: Community, Neighborhood, and Economic Development 3 Needs Addressed: Community and Economic Development 3 Funding: Increase and Preserve Affordable Housing Choice 3 Description: Replacement of Equipment 3 Target Date: CDBG: $49,180 3 Estimate the number and type of families that will benefit from the proposed activities: 15 jobs 3 Location Description: 110 S 4th Ave, Pasco, WA 99301 (Pasco Specialty Kitchen) 3 Planned Activities: CDBG funds will provide for the replacement of kitchen equipment to help ensure that the clients at the Pasco Specialty Kitchen can continue to create jobs and services for the public. 4 Project Name: Decent Housing 4 Target Area: N/A 4 Goals Supported: Increase and Preserve Affordable Housing Choice 4 Needs Addressed: Affordable Housing Choice 4 Funding: CDBG: $195,000 4 Description: Complete owner- and renter-occupied rehabilitation projects and support code enforcement. 4 Target Date: 12/31/2025 4 Estimate the number and type of families that will benefit from the proposed activities: 506 Pasco Consolidated Plan | 84 # Project Information Details 4 Location Description: Scattered 4 Planned Activities: Provide minor rehabilitation, emergency repairs, and remodels for very low- to low-income households. In addition, CDBG funds provide a portion of the salary and benefits for one-and-a-half of three code enforcement officers to help bring properties into compliance with codes. 5 Project Name: Community Infrastructure 5 Target Area: N/A 5 Goals Supported: Community, Neighborhood, and Economic Development 5 Needs Addressed: Community and Economic Development 5 Funding: CDBG: $48,360 5 Description: Expand or improve community infrastructure in lower-income neighborhoods while minimizing costs to households below 80 percent AMI. Additionally, CDBG funds will be used to complete façade treatment/business building rehabilitation projects. 5 Target Date: 12/31/2025 5 Estimate the number and type of families that will benefit from the proposed activities: 12,000 persons assisted 5 Location Description: TBD 5 Planned Activities: Activities include public facility improvement to neighborhoods and parks and façade and business building rehabilitation, including staff costs for project delivery. 6 Project Name: Section 108 Guaranteed Loan Program 6 Target Area: N/A 6 Goals Supported: Community, Neighborhood, and Economic Development 6 Needs Addressed: Community and Economic Development 6 Funding: CDBG: $250,000 6 Description: Section 108 Guaranteed Loan Program debt service. 6 Target Date: 12/31/2025 6 Estimate the number and type of families that will benefit from the proposed activities: N/A 6 Location Description: 525 N. 3rd Avenue Pasco, WA 99301 Pasco Consolidated Plan | 85 # Project Information Details 6 Planned Activities: Annual debt payment for Section 108 loan Pasco Consolidated Plan | 86 AP-50 Geographic Distribution - 91.420, 91.220(f) The AP-50 Geographic Distribution section of the Consolidated Plan identifies geographic target areas for CDBG funds. Description of the geographic areas of the entitlement (including areas of low- income and minority concentration) where assistance will be directed. No specific geographic target areas have been identified. Pasco’s CDBG funds will be available to assist lower-income residents within Pasco city limits with priority placed on those activities that provide a benefit in the oldest neighborhoods of Pasco. Geographic Distribution Table 28—Geographic Distribution Target Area Percentage of Funds N/A N/A Rationale for the priorities for allocating investments geographically N/A. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 87 AP-85 OTHER ACTIONS - 91.420, 91.220(K) Introduction The AP-85 Other Actions section of the Consolidated Plan describes the actions Pasco will take to meet the needs of low- and moderate-income households in the Tri-Cities. One of the challenges to meeting underserved needs by any one group is the lack of staff capacity, financial resources, and supportive services necessary to address all needs. All three cities attend, support, and are active members of the Benton Franklin CoC, an organization comprised of local non-profit, housing, public service, correctional, and government agencies throughout Benton and Franklin counties. The CoC uses a Coordinated Entry System that is fully implemented and aims to create efficiencies in the service provider network by not duplicating services and matching those in need of services to those organizations most suited to meet those needs. Actions planned to address obstacles to meeting underserved needs. Decent housing can be made available to those below the 30 percent median income by joining forces with community advocates such as the Benton Franklin Home Base Housing Network, Benton Franklin Community Action Committee, and the Department of Human Services to provide affordable housing for this underserved population. Typical projects to meet this goal would be family shelters, domestic violence shelters, developmentally disabled and chronically mentally disabled housing, elderly housing, migrant farmworker housing, homeless prevention rapid rehousing programs, and state and local housing trust funds. The city supports the efforts of local non-profit agencies to meet the needs of underserved populations. Actions planned to foster and maintain affordable housing. The City will continue to support the efforts of various nonprofit agencies, housing authorities, and Community Housing Development Organizations (CHDOs) to provide affordable housing opportunities for special needs populations through CDBG funds. Rehabilitation priority is given by the city and by the Benton Franklin Community Action Committee’s Energy-Efficient Healthy House Program to those homes occupied by frail elderly or homeowners and renters with disabilities. City staff will be available to help identify potential funding sources and provide technical assistance within staff capacity and will remain receptive to forming partnerships with other entities to ensure vulnerable populations can reside in decent, safe housing. Actions planned to reduce lead-based paint hazards. The city will provide education on LBP, including information on Safe Work Practices, actions to take when rehabbing or remodeling a home, and steps to take if exposure to lead hazards is suspected. The pamphlets “Renovate Right” and “Protect Your Family from Lead in Your Home” published by the Washington Department of Commerce and Environmental Protection Agency will be distributed to all potential housing clients and be available via online links from the City’s website. In compliance with Program Update 05-11, the LBP Safe Checklist is utilized to evaluate the applicability of the lead safe housing rule to CDBG- and HOME-funded projects. The City will work with pre-qualified contractors to perform testing as necessary to identify lead hazards and ensure compliance after remediation work through clearance exams as required for persons assisted with CDBG or HOME funds. Pasco Consolidated Plan | 88 Actions planned to reduce the number of poverty-level families. The activities outlined in this plan will work to increase economic opportunities in the Tri-Cities area. Through working with local businesses and creating needed infrastructure and facilities updates or maintenance, the cities are working to increase the number of opportunities for financial security in the area. Also, each City funds public services that increase capacity for local non-profit service organizations that work directly with low-income households with the aims of first creating stability and then working to identify opportunities to transition out of poverty. Actions planned to develop institutional structure. The city will pursue various activities outlined in the 2025–2029 Consolidated Plan to strengthen and coordinate actions with housing, nonprofit, and economic development agencies. Staff will continue to participate in the CoC Task Force to assist in the coordination of government agencies, nonprofit organizations, housing developers, social service providers, and CoC providers to meet the needs of homeless individuals and families. Pasco staff will participate in the Point-in-Time count, used to measure community trends and shifts that are impacting those individuals and families experiencing homelessness. Actions planned to enhance coordination between public and private housing and social service agencies. The city supports efforts by agencies to apply for or leverage other funding sources that might become available during the year. City staff will be available to provide some technical assistance support of projects that meet a housing and community development need as identified in the 2020–2024 Consolidated Plan and will assist organizations in applying for funds from other local, state, or federal resources within staff capacity. Discussion Pasco Consolidated Plan | 89 AP-90 Program Specific Requirements - 91.420, 91.220(l)(1,2,4) Introduction Projects planned with all CDBG funds expected to be available during the year are identified in the Projects Table in the AP-35 Project Summary section of the Annual Action Plan. The following identifies program income that is available for use that is included in projects to be carried out. Community Development Block Grant Program (CDBG) Reference 24 CFR 91.220(l)(1) Projects planned with all CDBG funds expected to be available during the year are identified in the Projects Table. The following identifies program income that is available for use that is included in projects to be carried out. Program Income Amount 1. The total amount of program income that will have been received before the start of the next program year and that has not yet been reprogrammed. $50,000 2. The amount of proceeds from section 108 loan guarantees that will be used during the year to address the priority needs and specific objectives identified in the grantee's strategic plan. 0 3. The amount of surplus funds from urban renewal settlements. 0 4. The amount of any grant funds returned to the line of credit for which the planned use has not been included in a prior statement or plan. 0 5. The amount of income from float-funded activities. 0 Total Program Income. $50,000 Other CDBG Requirements Requirement Amount 1. The amount of urgent need activities. N/A 2. The estimated percentage of CDBG funds that will be used for activities that benefit persons of low and moderate income. Overall benefit—A consecutive period of one, two, or three years may be used to determine that a minimum overall benefit of 70 percent of CDBG funds is used to benefit persons of low and moderate income. Specify the years covered that include this Annual Action Plan. 100%