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HomeMy WebLinkAbout2022.03.28 Council Workshop Packet AGENDA City Council Workshop Meeting 7:00 PM - Monday, March 28, 2022 City Council Chambers & GoToWebinar Page 1. MEETING INSTRUCTIONS for REMOTE ACCESS - The Pasco City Council Workshops are broadcast live on PSC-TV Channel 191 on Charter/Spectrum Cable in Pasco and Richland and streamed at www.pasco-wa.gov/psctvlive and on the City’s Facebook page at www.facebook.com/cityofPasco. To listen to the meeting via phone, call (631) 992-3211 and use access code 613-585-088. 2. CALL TO ORDER 3. ROLL CALL (a) Pledge of Allegiance 4. VERBAL REPORTS FROM COUNCILMEMBERS 5. ITEMS FOR DISCUSSION 3 - 398 (a) Resolution - Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Sean Davis, Director, Franklin County Emergency Management will report on last year’s Emergency Management activities and outline the basics of the 2021 Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan update. 399 - 411 (b) 2021-2022 Biennium Financial Update and Public Dashboard 412 - 419 (c) Electric Scooter Rentals 420 - 431 (d) City View Cemetery Update Dan Dotta, Facilities Manager will be presenting the City View Cemetery update. Page 1 of 457 432 - 440 (e) Resolution - Incorporating the Regional Pavement Cut Policy to the City's Design and Construction Standards and Specifications 441 - 451 (f) Resolution - Interlocal Cooperative Agreement - Quad Cities/BFHD for Funding of Regional Algal Bloom Screening Lab Service 6. MISCELLANEOUS COUNCIL DISCUSSION 7. EXECUTIVE SESSION 8. ADJOURNMENT 9. ADDITIONAL NOTES 452 - 457 (a) Adopted 2020-2021 Council Goals (Reference Only) (b) REMINDERS • Monday, MARCH 28, 4:00 PM: Hanford Area Economic Investment Fund Advisory Committee Meeting – Ben Franklin Transit Main Conference Room (COUNCILMEMBER PETE SERRANO, Rep.) • Monday, APRIL 4, 1:30 PM: Emergency Medical Services Board Meeting – Fire Training Center, 1811 S. Ely, Kennewick (COUNCILMEMBER PETE SERRANO, Rep.; COUNCILMEMBER NIKKI TORRES, Alt.) This meeting is broadcast live on PSC-TV Channel 191 on Charter/Spectrum Cable in Pasco and Richland and streamed at www.pasco-wa.gov/psctvlive. Audio equipment available for the hearing impaired; contact the Clerk for assistance. Servicio de intérprete puede estar disponible con aviso. Por favor avisa la Secretaria Municipal dos días antes para gar antizar la disponibilidad. (Spanish language interpreter service may be provided upon request. Please provide two business day's notice to the City Clerk to ensure availability.) Page 2 of 457 AGENDA REPORT FOR: City Council March 22, 2022 TO: Dave Zabell, City Manager City Council Workshop Meeting: 3/28/22 FROM: Bob Gear, Fire Chief Fire Department SUBJECT: Resolution - Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan I. REFERENCE(S): Proposed Resolution Franklin County 2021 Comprehensive Emergency Plan II. ACTION REQUESTED OF COUNCIL / STAFF RECOMMENDATIONS: Discussion III. FISCAL IMPACT: None IV. HISTORY AND FACTS BRIEF: Franklin County Emergency Management is required by Federal and State law to have a "Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan." This plan defines the methods, procedures and roles and responsibilities for participants in the event of disasters within Franklin County. Franklin County Emergency Management is required to update its plan every 5 years. Each party in the Interlocal Agreement establishing Franklin County Emergency Management is required to adopt the current plan by resolution. V. DISCUSSION: Sean Davis, Director, Franklin County Emergency Management will attend the meeting of March 28 to report briefly on last year’s Emergency Management activities, as well as to outline the basics of the 2021 Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan update for Council and answer questions. Page 3 of 457 Resolution – Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan RESOLUTION NO. ____ A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY OF PASCO, WASHINGTON ACCEPTING AND ADOPTING THE 2021 FRANKLIN COUNTY COMPREHENSIVE EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN, WHEREAS, the City of Pasco (City) is part of an interlocal agreement which establishes Franklin County Emergency Management governed by RCW 38.52.070; and WHEREAS, the Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan establishes the framework for an effective system to mitigate emergencies and disasters within the County and its municipalities; and WHEREAS, the plan outlines the roles and responsibilities of the City of Pasco in the event of natural, manmade or technological emergencies or disasters; and WHEREAS, it is important that the City is able to assist its citizens in the event of emergencies or disasters; NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PASCO, WASHINGTON: That the 2021 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan is adopted as described hereto in Exhibit A, and Be It Further Resolved, that the City will comply with the sections of the plan that address the responsibility of the City of Pasco for emergencies or disasters affecting the City, and Be It Further Resolved, that the City recognizes that in the event of a major emergency or disaster outside assistance to the community may take up to 72 hours. The City will prepare itself to operate independently for up to 72 hours. Be It Further Resolved, that the City will encourage the citizens of the City of Pasco to prepare themselves to survive for up to 72 hours without assistance of the City, County, State or Federal Government. PASSED by the City Council of the City of Pasco, Washington this ____ day of _______, 2022. Blanche Barajas, Mayor Mayor ATTEST: APPROVED AS TO FORM: _____________________________ ___________________________ Debra Barham, CMC Kerr Ferguson Law, PLLC City Clerk City Attorneys Page 4 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP) City of Pasco City of Connell City of Mesa City of Kahlotus Page 5 of 457 Page 1 of 1 Franklin County Emergency Management 1011 E. Ainsworth St. Pasco, WA 99301 (509) 545-3546 Fax: (509) 545-2139 The 2021 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP) is hereby adopted this 20th day of January, 2022, as the official guiding document to provide emergency services in the event of a disaster or major emergency to the governments of Franklin County and the cities of Connell, Kahlotus, Mesa and Pasco. The CEMP is the framework for mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery activities and is intended to provide a structure for standardizing plans t hroughout the county/city to facilitate interoperability between local, state and federal governments. By coordinating all phases of emergency management, the CEMP will help minimize the impacts of disasters and other emergencies within our jurisdictions. APPROVED: FRANKLIN COUNTY EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT BOARD: ______________________________ Robert Gear, Chairperson ATTEST: ______________________________ Sean Davis, Secretary to the Board Page 6 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Forward 2021 - CEMP Forward FORWARD Franklin County Emergency Management sincerely appreciates the cooperation and support from those agencies that have contributed to the development of the Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP). The CEMP establishes the framework for an effective system to ensure that Franklin County and its municipalities will be adequately prepared to respond to an occurrence of natural, man-made and/or technological related emergencies or disasters. The plan outlines the roles and responsibilities of local government, State and Federal agencies and volunteer organizations. The CEMP unites the efforts of these groups in the basic plan, appendixes, and more specifically under the Emergency Support Function (ESF) and Annex formats with a designated lead agency for a comprehensive approach to mitigation, planning, response and recovery activities set forth in the “State of Washington Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan” and the “Federal Response Plan”. It describes how State, Federal and other outside resources will be coordinated to supplement county resources and response. This CEMP is written at the local level of emergency management planning and strategies due to the fact that most incidents are managed at the local level before any outside assistance can be expected. Due to the expectations to manage incidents locally for at least the first 72 hours, it is imperative that we mitigate our risk and prepare for current and future hazards. This plan identifies some approaches in which the various agencies mitigate and prepare for incidents. While Franklin County will do everything it reasonably and feasibly can do to protect life and property, it is recommended that the citizens of Franklin County develop and maintain their own preparedness kits, including basic life necessities and important personal documentation. For more information on how to accomplish this and other preparedness activities, please contact the Franklin County Emergency Management Office. The Franklin County Emergency Management Director offers his sincere thank you and congratulations to all who made this possible. Page 7 of 457 2021 - CEMP Distribution List 2021 DISTRIBUTION LIST Jurisdiction or Agency Name/Date Received Copy Franklin County H,F City of Pasco H,F City of Connell H,F City of Kahlotus H,F City of Mesa H,F Pasco Public Library H Pasco Fire Department F Connell Fire Department F Franklin County FPD #1 F Franklin County FPD #2 F Franklin County FPD #3 F Franklin County FPD #4 F Franklin County FPD #5 F North Franklin County Public Hospital District #1 F Southeast Communications Center F Walla Walla Fire District #5 F Pasco Police Department F Connell Police Department F Franklin County Sheriff’s Office F Washington State Patrol, Kennewick Detachment F Franklin County Public Works F American Red Cross, Benton-Franklin Chapter F Benton-Franklin Health Department F Lourdes Medical Center F Port of Pasco F Pasco School District F Benton County Emergency Management F Walla Walla County Emergency Management F Grant County Emergency Management F Adams County Emergency Management F Yakima County Emergency Management F Washington State Emergency Management Division F Washington State Department of Health F Washington State Department of Agriculture F F = Flash/Thumb Drive Page 8 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Record of Changes CEMP Portion Pg #, Header, Sub…Description BASIC PLAN Basic Plan ALL Hyperlinked all RCW/WAC references and replaced EOC with ECC ALL Replaced "declaration" with "proclamation" throughout CEMP 7, III, A, 2 Added HMP and CWPP for additional HVA info. 9,IV Throughout IV-Concept of Ops delineated EOC vs. ECC 10, IV,A, 2, Added Incident Commander 11,IV,A,3,a Added "SECOMM" 11,IV,A,3,e Added "SEWSOG" 11, IV, A, 3,g Added Energy Northwest (CGS) 12, IV, B, 2,Added WAMAS 12-13,IV,C 1 Clarified IC authority 14, IV,C,6 LEP inlcusion for capability for notifying the public 14,IV,D Location of Alternate ECC facilities 15,IV,F,4,Updated with 72 hour Kit and 2 Weeks Ready Info. 16,H,1-3 Added and hyperlinked PL-93-288 and Stafford Act 16,V,2,a Added and hyperlinked proclamation of emergency 17,V,C, 1&2 Updated to Proclamation of emergency and removed declaration 18,V,5,d Updated ECC activation levels to match State CEMP 19,V,6, a Updated for new dispatch center - SECOMM 19,V,9 Corrected heading to match agency name by adding Public 20,V,12, c Added item c refering to tracking personnel expenses 20,V,14, d-e Added ESF 8 and 8A reference 20,V,15, d-e Added local lead agency for disease/pandemic and isolation/quarantine 21,V,C,17 Replaced TriCounty HAZMAT with SEWSOG 23, VI, B Change review cycle from 4years to 5 years. APPENDICES Appendix 1 Direction & Control ALL Delineated ECC and EOC usage throughout (EOC mainly for CGS/DOE stadalone plans) 2,II,B,4, bullets Added or delegation of authorities and MAC group reference 2,III,A Added Deputy Director, removed two Program Coordinators 3,IV,A Updated FC-ECC location 3,IV,D Added entire section 3,IV,E Completed revised to match WA State CEMP Appendix 2 Public Information 1,II,B Added designated location by IC 1,II,D Added entire section EAS,IPAWS,CodeRED and LEP info. 2,III,C,4 Added entire section IC support when requested 2,III,D,7 Added entire section LEP info. and reference to Appendix 9 LEP 2,IV Added info. about JIS and management of it. 3,V,B Added entire section for new capabilites Appendix 3 References 1, Local References Add City of Pasco COOP and COC 1, Local References Added City of Pasco Snow Plow Plan 1, Local References Added Franklin County - Department of Energy-Richland Operations Office Emergency Response Plan 1, Local References Added Franklin County - Columbia Generating Station Emergency Response Plan 1, Governing Revised Codes of WA… Hyperlinked all RCW, WAC and plan references that were available. Change RCW 70.102.20 to 70A.415, Changed RCW 70.105 to RCW 70 2, Plan References Changed National Response Plan to National Planning Frameworks 2. Plan References Hyperlinked plans when possible Appendix 4 Definitions & Acronyms 1,Activation Levels Updated the definition and added colors 1,CodeRED Added CodeRED notification system definition and LEP info. 2,Evacuation Levels Updated the definition with a color table and definitions 3,FCEM Hyperlinked and added RCW 38.52.070 & WAC 118-30-060 3,IPAWS Added IPAWS and defined and referenced Appendix 9 LEP 2,Evacuation Levels Updated the definition with a color table and definitions 5, Acronyms Added SECOMM and SEWSOG Appendix 5 Administration ALL Added hyperlinks throughout for RCW and WAC references. 4,III,C,3 Changed declaration to proclamation 4,III,D,4 CEMP available to public through download 5,III,D,6 Changed from four to five years and changed EMC to WA MD-EMD 5,IV,B Updated language under Cities to include COOPs for cities 6,IV,E Hyperlinked RCW 40.10.010 6,IV,F Updated entire section explaining removing specific systems for security reasons and added comments about cities having similar systems - made more generic 2021 - CEMP Page 1Page 9 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Record of Changes CEMP Portion Pg #, Header, Sub…Description Appendix 6 Training and Exercise 2,II,G Added entire section 2,II,H Added entire section 2,III,E Added entire section Appendix 7 Hazard Vulnerability An.1, TOC Total update of pages 2, II Updated rainfall in climate to 7"-9" per year 7, Population Updated table 8, 2nd paragraph Added TC Airport info. 8, Business & Industry Added/changed entire first paragraph 15, III, Hazard Rating Proc.Updated first sentence with current data to 2017 16, whole page changed/updated entire page 17, IV, A.Hyperlinked RCW and WAC references 18, Added 2019 & 2020 info. to Drought Occurrences 20, 4th paragraph - hyperlinked SEHMP and 1 of 10 most at risk of drought 21,Hyperlinked SEHMP, added table and graphic 33,Hyperlinked SEHMP, added table and graphic 39,Hyperlinked SEHMP, added table and graphic 42, bullets Added 01/2017 to 06/2021 Proclamation info. 43,Updated NFIP Table of Coverage 44,Hyperlinked SEHMP, added table and graphic 49,SEHMP Hyperlink and FC Landslide picture 50,Hyperlinked SEHMP, added table and graphic 53, Bullets Added incidents from 2017-2021 55, Prob. And Risk Updated paragraph and added SEHMP hyperlinked info. 55, bullets Updated bullets to include family/personal preparedness info. 55,Last paragraph and SEHMP hyperlinked info. 56,Hyperlinked SEHMP, added table and graphic 56,Added pics from 2017 storms 65,Hyperlinked SEHMP, added table and graphic 67, Added paragraphs 4 and 6 under the History section 68, Updated 1st full paragraph and final paragraph under conclusion Appendix 8 Hazardous Weather 1,I Changed annex to appendix Waiting for changes from NWS-Pendleton 3, V Removed Franklin County Dispatch from b. 3,VII,c Added CodeRED capability Appendix 9 Limited English Prof.All Completely new Appendix ANNEXES Annex 1 Pasco 1, Description Updated second paragraph population, size and hyperlink 1, Description Inserted hyperlink in 4th paragraph 1,Industry Added airport information 1, Hazards Updated first paragraph for reporting #s and year the data came from 2, Hazards Added last sentence in paragraph two - ag. and electrical 2, Special Populations Updated entire paragraph Annex 2 Connell All Added hyperlinks throughout document 2,Hazards Added information about flooding in Connell - last sentence of paragraph 2, Special Populations Second paragraph about CRCC updated and extensively re-wrote 2 Last paragraph of document, added additional prepraredness information. Annex 3 Mesa All Added hyperlinks throughout document 1 Last paragraph of document, added additional prepraredness information. Annex 4 Kahlotus All Added hyperlinks throughout document 1 Last paragraph of document, added additional prepraredness information. Annex 5 Franklin County Unincorp.All Added hyperlinks throughout document 1, Description Last paragraph, updated Resolution # and succession 2, Special Populations Updated entire paragraphs 2, Conclusion Last paragraph of document, added additional prepraredness information. 3, Map Map on last page, replaced/updated ESF's ESF-1 Transportation 5, IV, D, bullet list Added 3 additional bullets access and functional needs vehicles 5, IV, E, 2 Access and Functional needs transportation coordination ESF-2 Communications ALL Replaced Franklin Dispatch with Southeast Communications Center (SECOMM) 2021 - CEMP Page 2Page 10 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Record of Changes CEMP Portion Pg #, Header, Sub…Description 2,III,B,3 Added CEMNET, DOE Safety Net 3,IV,A,3 NAWAS point for Franklin County is at SECOMM 3,IV,A,4 Added CodeRED (ETNS) and Wireless Emergency Alert (WEA) information. 3,IV,A,4 Usage will be in compliance with Appendix-9 LEP. 3,IV,A,4 Usage will be in compliance with Appendix-9 LEP. 4,IV,B,6 Usage will be in compliance with Appendix-9 LEP. ESF-3 Public Works 2,II, E Changed name and updated hyperlink to correct RCW 43.19.450 3, IV, A,5 Concept of Operations #5 updated to reflect that FCEM ECC can contact the SEOC 5,IV, E,5 Inserted "Debris Removal" plans/concepts 5,IV, E,6 Inserted reference to Pasco's Water Utility ERP 5,IV, F,4 Adding cost tracking language 6,V,B,3,a Removed "Plan Bulldozer" and added Associated General Contractors info/links 7,VI,Added last paragraph about VHF/800 radios ESF-4 Firefighting 3, V, B, 1, a-c Updated dispatch to reflect SECOMM ESF-5 Emergency Mangement 1, I, B, 1 Hyperlinked RCW references 2, III, A, 1 Updated the Franklin County Resolution Number 3, IV, A-C Updated from Phases to Levels and matched verbiage throughout and color coded 5, IV, D, 2 Updated address for new facility location 6, E, 9 Added CodeRED information and ETNS 6, G, 1 Hyperlinked RCW references 13, VIII, B, 2 Hyperlinked RCW references ESF-6 Mass Care, Temp…..3, II, 7 Updated "Disaster Reunification System" language 6, IV, A, 4 added "may be" and ARC and partner organization language. ESF-7 Logistics & Resource Support 2, II, 1 Hyperlinked WA State Constitution 2, II, 2 Hyperlinked RCW references 2, III,B, 1 Specified ICS utilization 3, III, B, 2 Updated info to match hyperlinked RCW and WAC 7, V, A, 4 Added WebEOC usage 8, VII, A-D Hyperlinked RCW references ESF-8 Public Health & Medical ALL Added hyperlinks throughout 13, VIII, G Inserted G and all text/links ESF-8A Mass Fatality ALL Hyperlinked RCWs/WACs 9, IV, N, 1 Updated Family Assistance Center information 9, IV, N, 2 Updated ARC counseling, training, security etc. ESF 9 SAR ALL Complete re-write to meet Pasco PD SAR Change, 9a - FCSO SAR program, 9b Pasco SAR Program ESF-10 ALL Changed ESF name throughout to ESF-10 ALL Changed Emergency Operations Center to Emergency Coordination Center for Franklin County throughout ESF-10 ALL Added hyperlinks to webpages throughout 9,IV,A,4 Removed 10a and 10b references and added reference to them as stand-alone plans 11,IV,C,12 Removed 10a and 10b references and added reference to them as stand-alone plans 11,IV,A,5,a Added "SECOMM" 13,IV,B,2 Updated local HAZMAT Team name and information to cover the 4 counties 20,IV,E,4 Updated local HAZMAT Team name to SEWSOG 2 and 56 Updated page numbers in both tables 46, Appendix G Updated Exercise Section ESF-10b DOE ALL Removed and referenced as a stand alone plan. Complete re-write to mirror BCEM ESF-10c CGS/REP/ENW ALL Removed and referenced as a stand alone plan ESF-11 Ag ALL Added ESF Coordinating Agency ALL Updated primary and supporting agencies ALL Change BFHD from "department" to "District" ALL Reformatted entire ESF 1 FCEM as “Coordinating Agency”, Primary Agencies changed to “Primary State Agencies” with WSDA added I, A Add introduction with purpose and 2021 - CEMP Page 3Page 11 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Record of Changes CEMP Portion Pg #, Header, Sub…Description 1, B Changed scope to include 5 primary functions. Move policies up from separate policy sections to one policy section and combine assumptions under one heading. 4,I,C,8 WARM was removed and added “Supporting agencies” 6, III, A Generalized concepts to include different functions. 6,III,A,1 changed “diary animals” to “bovine” 6,III,A,2, added “As needed, WSDA will support FCEM in coordination with Dept. of Health, Dept. of Natural Resources, NRCS regional and local offices, and Dept. of Ecology on water issues extending beyond commodity supplies, including water quality and issues of safe drinking water.” 6,III,A,2,a changed "food and water issues" to “impacts and issues impacting crops, food and feed supply chain, and water” 7,III,A,11 removed “WARM” and added “supporting agencies” 8,III,B,1 changed wording to reflect that WSDA is a State agency and that an agency liaison will advise EM if requested. 8, III, C LEP and Access and Functional Needs added 9, IV Added entire section. 11 Removed reference to FADs Appendix A 12-28, V, Add table that includes responsibilties with coordinating agency, primary and supporting agencies. 13, Responsibility Table “Public Information and Warning” added to WSDA’s core capabilities 17, Responsibility Table “Commercial Compliance” replace « regulation » under Department of Fish and Wildlife 19, Responsibility Table Department of Natural Resources added with animal, plant and pest disease response. 24, Responsibility Table added wording “ Through the Washington Food/Feed Rapid Response Team (RRT)” as suggested by WSDA to FDA responsibilities 24, Responsibility Table added wording “ and food control points” to Law enforcement responsibilities as suggested by WSDA 28, Responsibility Table added wording “ Through the Washington Food/Feed Rapid Response Team (RRT)” as suggested by WSDA to US Department of AG responsibilities ESF-12 Energy & Utilities 3, IV, 4 Changed Qwest to CenturyLink 4,IV, F, 1,a Removed duplicated information 7, VI, 2 Removed CTED and replaced with WA Commerce and hyperlinked 7, VII, Hyperlinked WA CEMP and WA ESF-12 ESF-13 Pub Safety/Law Enf.1, Support Agency Added Coyote Ridge Correctional Center 2, II, C Added "SECOMM" dispatch and Coyote Ridge Correctional Center 7, V, A, 7 Added "SECOMM" dispatch ESF-14 Long Term Recovery All Replaced RRTF with RFT - Recovery Task Force All Added ECC/EOC, depending on the situation the FC facility can be either ESF-15 Public Affairs 2, II, F Complete re-write to include CodeRED/IPAWS/WEA and Appendix 9 -LEP 3, IV, A, 4 Added last sentence about web-based meetings 4, IV, D, 3 Re-write of entire section to include EAS/CodeRED and website IV Whole section on "Whole Community Involvement & Non-Discrimination inserted ESF-20 Defense Support to Civ Authorities No Changes 2021 - CEMP Page 4Page 12 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Plan 2021 - CEMP Page 1 FRANKLIN COUNTY COMPREHENSIVE EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT PLAN TABLE OF CONTENTS Title Page Promulgation Memorandum Foreword Distribution List Record of Changes Basic Plan: Introduction 3 Policies 4 Situation 7 Concept of Operations 9 Responsibilities 16 Plan Maintenance 23 Appendices: Appendix 1 Direction and Control Appendix 1-1 Appendix 2 Public Information Appendix 2-1 Appendix 3 References Appendix 3-1 Appendix 4 Definitions and Acronyms Appendix 4-1 Appendix 5 Administration Appendix 5-1 Appendix 6 Training and Exercises Appendix 6-1 Appendix 7 Hazard Vulnerability Analysis Appendix 7-1 Appendix 8 Hazardous Weather Appendix 8-1 Appendix 9 Limited English Proficiency Response Appendix 9-1 Annexes: Annex 1 Pasco Annex 1-1 Annex 2 Connell Annex 2-1 Annex 3 Mesa Annex 3-1 Annex 4 Kahlotus Annex 4-1 Annex 5 Unincorporated Franklin County Annex 5-1 Emergency Support Functions: ESF 1 Transportation ESF 1-1 ESF 2 Communications ESF 2-1 ESF 3 Public Works and Engineering ESF 3-1 ESF 4 Firefighting ESF 4-1 ESF 5 Emergency Management ESF 5-1 ESF 6 Mass Care, Housing and Human Services ESF 6-1 Page 13 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Plan 2021 - CEMP Page 2 ESF 7 Logistics Management & Resource Support ESF 7-1 ESF 8 Public Health, Medical & Mortuary Services ESF 8-1 ESF 8A Mass Fatality Plan ESF 8A-1 ESF 9 Search and Rescue ESF 9-1 ESF 9A Mass Missing Person ESF 9A-1 ESF 10 Hazardous Materials Response ESF10-1 ESF 11 Agriculture and Natural Resources ESF 11-1 ESF 12 Energy ESF 12-1 ESF 13 Public Safety, Law Enforcement, and Security ESF 13-1 ESF 14 Long Term Recovery ESF 14-1 ESF 15 External Affairs ESF 15-1 ESF 20 Defense Support to Civil Authorities ESF 20-1 ESF 21 Transition to Recovery ESF 21-1 Page 14 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Plan 2021 - CEMP Page 3 I. INTRODUCTION A. Mission This plan is issued by the Franklin County Emergency Management Board of Directors. The Board is made up of elected and designated representatives of Franklin County, Washington and all incorporated Cities in the County as stipulated in the Emergency Management Organization Interlocal Agreement. The Board's mission is to provide, coordinate and facilitate resources to minimize the impacts of disasters and emergencies on people, property, the environment and the economy of Franklin County and the incorporated Cities within Franklin County. Through planning, coordination, education, training, and community awareness, we will prepare for; respond to; recover from; and mitigate the effects of a disaster for all who live, work or visit here. B. Purpose The purpose of this Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP) is to provide a framework for effective utilization of government and private sector resources to mitigate, respond to and recover from emergencies in order to protect the lives, property and environment of the residents of Franklin County. C. Scope The Franklin County CEMP is an all-hazard plan that is promulgated by the Franklin County Emergency Management Board of Directors and each of the jurisdictions within Franklin County that are signatories to the Emergency Management Organization Interlocal Agreement. This plan is an all-hazards approach to emergency and disaster situations likely to occur in the county, as described in the Franklin County Hazard Identification and Vulnerability Analysis (HIVA, Appendix 7), and provides the foundation for: 1. The establishment of an organization and responsibilities for efficient and effective use of government, private sector and volunteer resources. 2. An outline of local government responsibilities in emergency management activities as described under Revised Code of Washington (RCW) 38.52 and other applicable laws. 3. An outline of other participants' responsibilities in emergency management activities as agreed upon by the participating agencies and organizations D. Organization The CEMP utilizes Emergency Support Functions (ESFs), which identify sources for direct assistance and operational support that the state and local jurisdictions may need in order to implement hazard mitigation and preparedness or respond and recover from an emergency or disaster. The CEMP consists of: 1. The Basic Plan, which identifies policies and concepts of operations that guide the mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery activities. 2. The ESFs, which describe the mission, policies, concepts of operation, and Page 15 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Plan 2021 - CEMP Page 4 responsibilities of primary and support agencies involved in the implementation of activities. 3. The Franklin County Emergency Management Board of Directors consists of seven representatives: Two Franklin County Commissioners, the Mayor and City Manager from Pasco or his/her designee, the Mayors of Connell, Mesa and Kahlotus or their designee(s). Franklin County Emergency Management (FCEM) consists of a Director, an Executive Administrator, Deputy Director and Program Coordinator. The Director reports to and receives direction from the FCEM Board of Directors. Franklin County Emergency Management is responsible for developing and maintaining the Franklin County CEMP; coordinating within Franklin County and its cities for preparedness planning; maintaining the County Emergency Coordination Center (ECC) along with providing training to staff and responders. II. POLICIES A. Authorities 1. RCW 38.52.070/ WAC 118-30-060 directs each political subdivision of Washington State to establish a local organization for emergency management according to the State emergency management plan and program. Franklin County Emergency Management is established through an Emergency Management Organization Interlocal Agreement between Franklin County, The Cities of Pasco, Connell, Mesa and Kahlotus, as authorized by RCW 38.52. B. Responsibilities 1. Franklin County Emergency Management is responsible for maintaining and administering this CEMP as directed in WAC 118-30-060. The governments of Franklin County and the Cities of Pasco, Connell, Kahlotus and Mesa subscribe to this Plan and are responsible for executing its provisions. Each individual municipality will utilize the National Incident Management System and Incident Command System concepts/principles when developing their jurisdiction specific details emergency operating procedures/guides. 2. Legislative authority of the County Commissioners and City Councils are for: a. Emergency Management (1) Ultimately responsible for the emergency management program and organization and provide overall direction in the development of emergency mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery programs. b. Proclamation of Emergency (1) Activation of the appropriate parts of this plan, and certain emergency powers, by proclamation of emergency. A Page 16 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Plan 2021 - CEMP Page 5 proclamation of emergency must be made by the local legislative authority to request state or federal assistance c. Local government resources (1) Ensure that all available local government resources are utilized to the maximum extent possible. d. Emergency expenditures (1) Authorize expenditure of funds necessary to combat the disaster, protect health and safety of persons and property, and provide assistance to disaster victims, as appropriate. e. Prioritizing emergency resources (1) Policy level decisions involving the acquisition and distribution of food and water, supplies, equipment and other material when critical shortages exist or are anticipated usually through a Multi-Agency Coordination (MAC) Group. f. Impressment of citizens (1) Command the services and equipment of private citizens as necessary in response to the disaster after proclamation by the governor per RCW 38.52.110. C. Local government responsibilities 1. In carrying out the provisions of the emergency management program, the legislative authority of the political subdivisions of the state are responsible for utilizing the services, equipment, supplies and facilities of existing departments; and the personnel of such departments are directed to cooperate with the emergency management organization upon request (RCW 38.52.110). a. Chair of Board of County Commissioners / City Mayors (1) Shall act as the single point of contact, for the legislative body of their jurisdiction, for emergency policy decisions. b. Emergency Management Director/Manager (1) Responsible for establishing and maintaining emergency response coordination, including planning, training, development of incident management facilities, dissemination and implementation of plans and coordination of resources. c. Incident Command agencies (1) These agencies have established day-to-day responsibility for specific services within a specific jurisdiction (fire districts and departments, law enforcement agencies, public works departments, etc.). They are also responsible for providing trained incident commanders and staff when required, responsible for management of the emergency response and recovery according to the plan and Page 17 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Plan 2021 - CEMP Page 6 responsible for establishing direction and control facilities at the incident. d. Participating agencies and organizations (1) Responsible for providing necessary staff in time of emergency, providing emergency funding and resources, providing audit/accounting personnel to track expenses, participate in training and exercises, providing representatives to incident management as a point of contact during emergencies, and committing agency workers, equipment and resources to the cooperative effort. D. Limitations 1. No guarantee is implied by this plan to a perfect response system. Assets are vulnerable to terrorism, natural and technological problems which may limit response. It is the policy of Franklin County to make every reasonable effort within its capabilities to respond to emergencies based on the situation, information and resources available and skill/training level of available responders. 2. This plan is not intended to deal with every potential scenario that may occur during times of emergency, but rather identify the organization, the processes and the responsibilities of the respective participants who may be involved. The possibility of local resources becoming overwhelmed is a reality, the participating jurisdictions can only make a reasonable effort to respond based on the situation(s), information and the resources available at the time of the disaster. 3. The disaster response, relief and recovery activities of the Emergency Management Organization may be limited by: a. Inability of the general citizenry to function on their own for more than three days without additional supplies of water, food, shelter and medical supplies. b. Lack of police, fire, emergency medical services and public works response due to damage to facilities, equipment and shortages of personnel. c. The limited number of public safety responders in a jurisdiction. d. The shortage of trained response personnel and equipment needed to handle a disaster. e. The shortage of critical supplies. f. Damage to essential services and facilities, such as roads, rail, utilities and communication networks. g. Damage to emergency services communication networks. h. The availability of outside assistance and resources. 4. Emergency situations are difficult, if not impossible to predict. The local emergency management system must be flexible and be able to function under a variety of unanticipated complex and unique circumstances. 5. There is no guarantee implied by this plan that perfect mitigation, preparation, response, and recovery will be practical or possible. It is the Page 18 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Plan 2021 - CEMP Page 7 policy of Franklin County to make every reasonable effort within its capabilities to respond to emergencies based on the situation, information, skill/training levels of responders and resources available. 6. This plan does not supersede any state, local or federal laws and/or codes. 7. All response agencies will utilize their agency’s standard operating guides and procedures in accordance with any and all local and state laws/ordinances for response, planning, preparedness and mitigation activities. All stipulated within their jurisdictional authority. 8. All response agencies will respond appropriately in accordance with their training credentials, certifications, levels as dictated by their agency’s standard operating guidelines and/or procedures. 9. Response agencies will review and suggest updates to the CEMP as their agency’s standard operating guides, procedures and training certifications/levels change and impact the overall planning process. III. SITUATION A. Emergency/Disaster Conditions and Hazards 1. Franklin County is vulnerable to the damaging effects of natural disasters including drought, earthquake, floods, land movement, severe local storms and volcanic eruptions. Franklin County is also vulnerable to a variety of technological hazards including dam failure, energy emergencies, chemical, radiological and hazardous materials incidents from transportation as well as fixed facilities and both urban and wild land fire. These and other hazards and their potential effects are described in the Hazard Vulnerability Analysis, (HVA), see appendix 7 in this document. This is a planning tool designed to prepare the agency for the impacts of known and suspected hazard conditions. Vulnerability assessments are also identified in the Franklin County Hazard Mitigation Plan and Community Wildfire Protection Plan, published separately. 2. Emergencies or disasters could occur in the county at any time causing significant human suffering, injury and death, public and private property damage, environmental degradation, loss of essential services, economic hardships to businesses, families, and individuals and disruption of governmental entities. B. Planning Assumptions This CEMP is based on the following general assumptions: 1. Local government officials recognize their responsibilities with regard to public safety and accept them in the implementation of this plan. Coordination exists between emergency response organizations on a daily basis. This interaction is based on the frequent and routine practice of day- to-day responses. Agencies and organizations that support this plan will assist in the planning process and will participate in training classes and Page 19 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Plan 2021 - CEMP Page 8 exercises which are designed to increase the overall preparedness posture of Franklin County. 2. The primary purpose of this plan is to establish a framework/structure for large scale disasters/emergencies that overwhelm local response capabilities. This plan does not supersede/override any established procedures, authorities or standards which have been established for routine local emergencies. 3. Demand on emergency response agencies becomes much greater in times of crisis, and the prioritization of response to an emergency becomes critical. In addition, the resource of many of the supporting public and private organizations, that normally do not interact except in a crisis, need to be mobilized on a cooperative basis. 4. Appropriate local agencies will, within their capabilities according to the four phases of emergency management, prepare for emergencies and disaster to ensure continuity of government, safe keeping of vital records and to mobilize in support of local responders by staffing the ECC. 5. Citizens, businesses, local agencies and industries of the county will utilize their own resources and provide for themselves during the first three days of an emergency or disaster. 6. Pasco Fire Department and Franklin County Fire Protection District #3 are signatories to the Tri-County Fire Mutual Aid Plan which will provide for mutual aid from Benton and Walla Walla Counties. The five fire districts in Franklin County have an agreement which provides mutual aid to each other. Those agreements are hereby incorporated into this document by reference, and are assumed to be a major factor in the coordination of response to emergencies involving fire departments/districts. The Tri- County Mutual Aid Plan is maintained by the Tri-County Fire Chief’s Association as a separate document. 7. The Tri-County Mass Casualty Incident Plan is hereby incorporated into this document by reference and is assumed to be a major factor in coordination of response to emergencies involving mass casualty incidents. The Mass Casualty Incident Plan is jointly maintained by FCEM and Benton County Emergency Management and Tri-County EMS as a separate document. 8. The Tri-Cities Airport Emergency Plan, Franklin County Emergency Management DOE Response Plan and the CGS are also incorporated into this document by reference only and is maintained as a separate document by the airport. 9. The Franklin County Emergency Management DOE Response Plan is incorporated into this document by reference only and is maintained as a separate document. 10. The Franklin County Radiological Emergency Response: Energy Northwest Plan is incorporated into this document by reference only and is maintained as a separate document. 11. The Franklin County Master Mutual Aid Agreement is also incorporated into this document by reference only and is maintained as a separate document by FCEM. 12. Nothing in this plan is intended to diminish the emergency preparedness Page 20 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Plan 2021 - CEMP Page 9 responsibilities of each participating jurisdiction. Their first priority is to the needs of the citizens within its jurisdiction; and each jurisdiction maintains their right to attend to their own circumstances before committing resources to cooperative disaster response. Participation in the mutual aid agreements is entirely voluntary. Nothing in this plan is intended to diminish the emergency preparedness responsibilities of individual citizens. Circumstances during disasters may not allow immediate response to meet all the needs of the public. Every individual should be prepared and able to provide for themselves during the first three days of an emergency or disaster. A free market economy and existing distribution systems should be maintained as the primary means for continuing operations of the economic and private sector systems. Normal business procedures may require modification to provide essential resources and services. 13. In situations not specifically addressed in this plan, responding agencies will have to improvise and carry out their responsibilities to the best of their abilities under the circumstances, utilizing their agencies’ standard operating guidelines and procedures. It is anticipated that this CEMP will at a minimum provide a framework/structure for a starting point for large scale emergency/disaster response. 14. When a disaster occurs, or one is imminent, the chief elected official of the impacted jurisdiction will direct that the Franklin County Emergency Management Emergency Coordination Center (ECC) be activated. In most cases this will be on the recommendation of the emergency management director. 15. In a major event the resources within the county will be overwhelmed and outside assistance will need to be requested. Such requests will be made through the Franklin County ECC to the Washington State Military Department, Emergency Management Division (WAEMD)/State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC). The SEOC will be the primary point for receiving local requests for assistance/resources. 16. There are four phases in emergency management activities. While there may be some overlap generally all activities will be considered to be part of one of the four phases. The phases are mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery. IV. CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS A. General 1. Emergency Impacts. The emergency conditions identified in the Franklin County Hazard Vulnerability Analysis (Appendix 7) could have a wide range of destructive and disruptive impacts. These include, but are not limited to: a. Injury, death and long-term health degradation to county residents. b. Damage to or destruction of residences, businesses and other private property. c. Damage to public property, utilities and infrastructure. Page 21 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Plan 2021 - CEMP Page 10 d. Business closure, job losses and disruption of economic activity. e. Environmental degradation with resulting aesthetic, cultural, economic and health impacts. 2. Emergency Operations/Coordination. If an emergency or disaster situation exceeds the resources and/or capabilities of city or county emergency services and those available through mutual aid agreements, the Chief Elected Official of the jurisdiction affected may issue a proclamation of emergency. This proclamation authorizes the emergency use of resources and emergency expenditures and activates the emergency plan. Upon request of the Emergency Chairperson or Incident Commander, the Emergency Coordination Center will be activated. Elements of local government and response agencies will provide representatives to the Emergency Coordination/Operations Center to facilitate the coordination of emergency response activities under the direction of the Emergency Chairperson or Incident Commander. 3. For the vast majority of emergencies within Franklin County, the Emergency Coordination Center concept will be utilized. The ECC will be utilized by the Incident Commander as coordination and support center for response. The Columbia Generation Response Plan and Department of Energy-Hanford Plan are stand-alone plans that utilize the FCEM facility as an Operations Center. Response, command, control and structure are discussed in detail for those two special programs that have extensive pre- planned responses. a. The responsibility for leadership and operations during emergency situations is vested in the executive heads of government. b. The FCEM Director is responsible to the executive heads of government for carrying out the emergency management program for the county and municipalities. c. Emergency Management activities in Franklin County are conducted under the universally accepted four emergency management phases of mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery. Mitigation and preparedness are constant and continuous processes. d. This plan reflects the roles and responsibilities of agencies and jurisdictions within the county for emergency management operations. e. Heads of government, non-government agencies, organizations and departments, augmented by trained reserves and volunteers, perform emergency functions as stated in this plan. f. All agencies and organizations will utilize the principles of the National Incident Management System (NIMS) and specifically the policies and procedures in the Incident Command System (ICS) for response. g. Departments will retain their identity and autonomy during disaster Page 22 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Plan 2021 - CEMP Page 11 operations. When agencies assist each other, personnel will remain under the supervision of their own agency. They will receive mission assignments from the using agency. h. Departments not having an assigned emergency mission will carry out such duties as may be directed by the executive heads of government. i. This plan will make provisions for those actions necessary to minimize injuries and damage and expedite recovery from the effects of a disaster. Priority throughout the emergency period will be the preservation of life and protection of property. 4. Planning and Response Organizations. Franklin County Emergency Management is responsible for carrying out the program for emergency management and coordinating the disaster mitigation, preparedness, and response and recovery efforts of Franklin County, including the cities of Pasco, Connell, Kahlotus and Mesa. Franklin County Emergency Management will compile a CEMP that is the overarching document for each of the individual jurisdictions’/agencies detailed response plans/procedures/guides. Primary local support agencies include: a. Southeast Communications Center (SECOMM) 9-1-1 dispatch b. Franklin County Sheriff's Office, Pasco Police Department and Connell Police Department c. Pasco Fire Department, Connell Fire Department, and Five Rural Fire Protection Districts 1 through 5 d. Franklin County Public Hospital District #1 e. Southeast Washington Special Operations Group (SEWSOG) Hazardous Materials Response Team f. Benton-Franklin Health District. g. Benton-Franklin Chapter of the American Red Cross h. Energy Northwest (Columbia Generating Station) i. Washington State agencies that are key participants in planning and response for Franklin County include: (1) Washington State Patrol (2) Washington State Health Department (3) Washington State Emergency Management Division Page 23 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Plan 2021 - CEMP Page 12 (4) Washington State Agriculture Department (5) Washington State Military Department (6) Washington State Ecology Department (7) Washington State DSHS j. Federal agencies that are participants in the Franklin County planning or which may assume significant response roles include: (1) Department of Homeland Security (2) Department of Energy (including all Hanford Site contractors) (3) Federal Emergency Management Agency (4) U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (5) U. S. Coast Guard (6) U. S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (7) U. S. Department of Agriculture (8) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency B. Emergency Management Concepts 1. The Emergency Coordination Center. Emergency support and coordination in Franklin County will be directed through the Franklin County Emergency Coordination Center (ECC). The ECC provides work space, communications and information systems, maps, displays and decision aids to support the direction and control of emergency response activities. The ECC has the capacity to support and coordinate with Single or Unified Command Operations as events occur in compliance with the National Incident Management System (NIMS). The NIMS structure utilized in the Franklin County ECC is organized by Major Management Activities. 2. The Emergency Operations Center. When the FCEM facility is utilized as an Emergency Operations Center (EOC), as depicted in the Columbia Generation Response Plan and Department of Energy-Hanford Plan stand- alone plans, direction and control will be conducted through the Incident Commander at the EOC, as well as the rest of the command structure. Page 24 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Plan 2021 - CEMP Page 13 3. Support Agreements. The response capabilities of Franklin County agencies and those from surrounding counties are integrated through several mutual aid and joint-operations agreements. The Tri-Cities Mutual Aid Plan, the Franklin County Master Mutual Aid Agreement, the Southeast Region Fire Mobilization Plan, and the Washington State Fire Services Resource Mobilization Plan provide for local and regional augmentation of firefighting capabilities. Kadlec Medical Center has been designated the Disaster Medical Coordination Center hospital for the Tri- Cities area in the DMCC plan. Law enforcement mutual aid agreements with the Benton and Walla Walla County Sheriff’s, Kennewick, Richland and Prosser Police Departments, and other regional law enforcement agencies are available to provide additional support to Franklin County. Support agreements have been established with various local response entities, including the Benton-Franklin Chapter of the American Red Cross, Columbia Basin Dive Rescue, Ben Franklin Transit, and medical centers. If local resources are exhausted, Franklin County may request assistance from the State or Federal governments through the Washington State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC) utilizing the Washington Instra-state Mutual Aid System and Emergency Management Assistance Compact. C. Direction and Control 1. Incident Command System (ICS) is the basis for all direction, control and coordination of emergency response and recovery efforts conducted under this plan. The authority of the Incident Commander is limited to those powers specifically granted by delegation of authority, statute, legislative authority, defined jurisdictional authority or derived from the plan. Emergency response and supporting agencies and organizations agree to carry out their objectives in support of the incident command structure to the fullest extent possible. 2. Incident Command Agency and the designation of the incident command agency, and assumption of incident coordination, will follow statutory responsibilities when applicable. Designation of the Incident Commander is made by the legislative authority of the jurisdiction and is based on the following criteria: a. Specific or implied authority or responsibility within the applicable jurisdiction, or as otherwise identified in this plan or by state statute/law. b. Assumption of responsibility by the official agency. 3 Operational direction and control of emergency response and recovery activities will be conducted on-scene by an incident commander. Requests for assistance will be made through normal channels until the ECC has become operational, at which time requests for regional and state assistance and resources should be directed through the ECC. Page 25 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Plan 2021 - CEMP Page 14 4 Direction and Control concepts are outlined in ESF 5 – Emergency Management. In the Franklin County Emergency Coordination Center a. The Emergency Chairperson in the ECC is ultimately responsible for direction and control of the emergency management functions. b. The Emergency Chairperson is the Chief Elected Official of the jurisdiction or jurisdictions involved in the emergency and/or their designee through a delegation of authority. Details of the designation of the Emergency Chairperson are presented in Appendix 1, Direction and Control. 5. The Emergency Chairperson provides direction, using the National Incident Management System (NIMS), to the response agencies through the positions of Emergency Coordination Center Staff. The ECC provides a single coordination point for all the agencies involved in the response to an emergency and also for coordination of emergency information released to the public and media. The ECC staff may include the following positions: Emergency Chairperson, Emergency Manager, Sheriff, Law Enforcement Coordinator, Legal Advisor, Public Information Officer, Benton/Franklin Health Officer, Operations Coordinator, Fire Coordinator, Public Works, Transportation Coordinator, State Liaison, Facility Liaison, and American Red Cross. Some or all of these positions may be filled, or other positions added, depending on the needs of the emergency or disaster. The ECC/EOC organization is described in Appendix 1, Direction and Control. 6. The Incident Commander provides direction and control as delegated by the responsible city/county/agency having responsibility/jurisdiction for the incident or emergency. The IC will receive further strategic direction from the Multi Agency Coordination (MAC)/Decision Group throughout the incident/emergency. 7. The ECC/EOC has the ability to notify the general public utilizing a number of systems which include the Emergency Alert System, the Columbia Generating Station/Department of Energy siren systems and the CodeRED mass electronic telephone notification system at the discretion of the Emergency Chairperson. ECC/EOC notifications to the public will be conducted in compliance with the Limited English Proficiency requirements mandated in Presidential Executive Order 13166 and by Washington State RCW 38.52.070. These communication processes are outlined in Appendix 9 - Limited English Proficiency Response requirements of this plan. D. Emergency Coordination/Operations Facilities The Franklin County Emergency Coordination Center is in the Port of Pasco, 1011 E. Ainsworth St., Pasco, Washington, 99301 (46o 13' 10.05" N, 119 o 04' 57.52" W). It is occupied by Franklin County Emergency Management and the Page 26 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Plan 2021 - CEMP Page 15 Pasco Fire Training. The designated alternate ECC is located in the Franklin County Sheriff’s Office in the Public Safety Building or at the Benton County Emergency Management facility located at 651 Truman Ave, Richland, WA 99352. Each participating jurisdiction and agency will designate its own location for direction of its response function. The FCEM staff can and will relocate to any of the jurisdictions’ signatory to this plan, for integration into any facility they deem appropriate. E. Mitigation Activities Mitigation activities that are specific to individual Emergency Support Functions are identified in the ESFs and the mitigation procedures for individual participating agencies. 1. FCEM will prepare and maintain a Hazard Mitigation Plan (HMP), coordinate with other agencies for management of specific mitigation projects, provide public information on mitigation and coordinate with Washington Emergency Management Division on mitigation issues. 2. All agencies and jurisdictions develop and implement a plan to reduce or alleviate the loss of life, property, economy and the environment from natural and human caused hazards. 3. Basic mitigation consideration includes; (1) Removal or elimination of the hazard (2) Reduce or limit the amount or size of the hazard (3) Segregate the hazard from that which is being protected. (4) Establish hazard warning and communication procedures. (5) Conduct training and education, coordinate exercises F. Preparedness Activities Preparedness activities that are specific to individual Emergency Support Functions are identified in the ESFs and the preparedness procedures for individual participating agencies. 1. Franklin County Emergency Management has prepared this CEMP and other plans to help ensure timely and coordinated response to any emergency or disaster. 2. Local agencies and organizations should develop and implement procedures to carry out their responsibilities as outlined in the plan. Lines of authority should be identified and documents for the continuity of government should be protected. Individuals with responsibilities during assessment and mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery phases should be identified and aware of their emergency responsibilities. Page 27 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Plan 2021 - CEMP Page 16 3. Franklin County Emergency Management helps coordinate the required NIMS/ICS and other training to local emergency responder agencies following guidelines issued by the Department of Homeland Security, the Washington State Military Department/Emergency Management Division and the Federal Emergency Management Agency. This training, coupled with regular drills and exercises of the plans and procedures, provides an enhanced state of readiness for the community. 4. Franklin County Emergency Management regularly participates in events which are designed to provide educational material to the public under the joint Federal Emergency Management Agency/American Red Cross Family Protection Program and FEMA/Department of Homeland Security programs. The goal of these programs is to encourage each individual and family in Franklin County to prepare for disaster by developing a family disaster plan, equipping themselves with a minimum of a 72-hour disaster supplies kit, and learning the basic first aid skills necessary for survival in a disaster. Families should attempt to be 2 weeks ready. G. Response Activities Response activities that are specific to individual Emergency Support Functions are identified in the ESFs and the response procedures for individual participating agencies. Each agency’s specific standard operating guides, procedures and policies are the standard by which they will respond. The following are response measures under this plan that apply to all hazards and support functions. 1. Upon request from the Incident Commander, staff the Emergency Coordination Center and functional work centers to provide for reliable and timely communication and coordination of response activities and resources. 2. Assess conditions to determine needed actions to protect people, minimize property damage and economic loss. 3. Identify and deploy material and personnel support to on-scene responders. 4. Identify and activate services to minimize human suffering and loss. 5. If an emergency or disaster situation exceeds the resources and/or capabilities of city or county emergency services and those available through mutual aid agreements, the Chief Elected Official of the jurisdiction affected may issue a proclamation of emergency. This authorizes the emergency use of resources and emergency expenditures, activates the emergency plan and implements state response for support. Page 28 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Plan 2021 - CEMP Page 17 6. If local resources are exhausted, requests for assistance from State and/or Federal government will be initiated through the State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC) and/or the State Duty Officer. H. RECOVERY ACTIVITIES Recovery activities are addressed in Emergency Support Functions 14 – Recovery. The following are recovery measures under this plan that apply to all hazards and support functions. 1. Recovery operations will be coordinated through the designated Recovery Team leader in the Emergency Coordination Center. 2. Transition to Recovery is a difficult process and the ECC planning team will need focus and define when the emergency migrates from response to recovery. This process should start immediately when the danger to public health and safety starts to diminish. Focus will shift to planning for brining vital systems, resources and life lines back to operational status. 3. The goal of long-term recovery will be to return the infrastructure of the community to pre-disaster conditions. Assistance with long-term recovery is available from the Federal Emergency Management Agency through a Presidential Disaster Proclamation under Public Law 93-288 Robert T Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act. Any such long- term recovery efforts will include mitigation efforts that may eliminate the hazard or reduce the impact of a recurrence. V. RESPONSIBILITIES A. General This section gives a summary of responsibilities under the Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan. Details of individual agency and organizational responsibilities are found in the appropriate Emergency Support Functions of this plan, which discuss the functions to be performed in emergency and disaster situations. B. Concept of Operations-Overview The Chairperson of the Board of County Commissioners or the Mayor of any incorporated city is considered the Chief Elected Official of the jurisdiction. The Chief Elected Official (or a person designated by that Official) will report to the Emergency Coordination/Operation Center to assume direction and control of the Decision Maker Group/Multi-Agency Coordination(MAC) Group activities as the Emergency Chairperson for that jurisdiction in response to the effects of disasters County and/or city departments are assigned coordinated disaster functions according to their normal operational functions and capabilities, and are responsible to prepare procedures in order to fulfill these disaster functions. C. Agency or Department Responsibilities Page 29 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Plan 2021 - CEMP Page 18 1. Franklin County Board of County Commissioners a. Issue proclamation of emergency as prescribed in RCW 36.40.180. b. Establish emergency policies for the county during and emergency or disaster. c. Provide liaison to mayors, other county commissioners or to the Governor in emergency or disaster related matters. d. To request state assistance from either the Governor or other appropriate state agencies/departments. e. Issue, amend, or rescind necessary orders, rules and regulation to carry out emergency management operations. 2. City Mayors and Councils a. Issue local proclamation of emergency as prescribed in RCW 35.33.081. b. Establish emergency policies for the respective municipality during and emergency or disaster. c. Provide liaison to mayors, other county commissioners or to the Governor in emergency or disaster related matters. d. Issue, amend, or rescind necessary orders, rules and regulation to carry out emergency management operations. 3. Franklin County Emergency Management Board of Directors a. Appoint the Director of Emergency Management and establish the Franklin County Emergency Management organization. b. Promulgate the Franklin County CEMP and present the document to their respective entity they are representing for approval. c. Approve the Emergency Management Organization Interlocal Agreement for presentation to each of the signatory municipalities. d. Approve the By-Laws for the Franklin County Emergency Management Board of Directors 4. Emergency Chairperson a. Assume control of the Multi-Agency Coordination (MAC)/Decision Making Group, and with the advice and assistance of staff, determine appropriate protective actions for the citizens of the city/county. b. Directs the implementation of emergency response and recovery plans, warn and inform the public, declare an emergency if needed, and preserve the continuity of the executive branch of government. Authorize funding for response and control of the emergency. c. Issues, amends and rescinds the necessary orders, rules and regulations to carry out emergency management operations, and Page 30 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Plan 2021 - CEMP Page 19 may if needed, request State or Federal assistance through the Washington State Emergency Operations Center. 5. Emergency Management a. Franklin County Emergency Management is responsible for carrying out the emergency management programs and coordinating the disaster mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery efforts of all areas, both incorporated and unincorporated within Franklin County. b. FCEM will assist in dissemination of emergency messages to the general public. c. FCEM will maintain and operate the Emergency Coordination/Operations Center for Franklin County and its incorporated municipalities. d. Upon request from the Incident Commander or if the situation warrants, FCEM will activate the FC-ECC/EOC. Activation can be a hybrid of any of the four levels described below, including remote operations from different locations or even from home. FC- ECC/EOC activations will be utilizing a phased response approach with three general activation levels: Level 3 – MONITORING ACTIVATION The routine activation level in which FCEM conducts their daily emergency management responsibilities. The FCEM employees manage and coordinate incidents in cooperation with the SEOC. Level 2 – PARTIAL ACTIVATION When an incident exceeds the capability or capacity of the local response/responders the FC-ECC activates to a Level 2 Partial Activation. In a Partial Activation, one or more of the FC-ECC/EOC functions (Operations, Planning, Logistics, or Finance/Administration) activate to support the incident or the impacted jurisdictions State agencies activate to fill Emergency Support Functions (ESFs) as dictated by the incident. Level 1 – FULL ACTIVATION All the ECC functions (Operations, Planning, Logistics, and Finance/Administration) activate to support the incident or the impacted jurisdiction(s). Local agencies/departments and volunteers are utilized to fill Emergency Support Functions (ESFs) as dictated by the incident. 6. Communications a. The Southeast Communications (SECOMM) Center will assist in dissemination of warning, notification and updates to emergency response agencies. Page 31 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Plan 2021 - CEMP Page 20 b. Franklin County has a significant percentage of residents/population that speak Spanish as their primary language. Emergency communications and messaging will be provided in both English and Spanish utilizing the Washington State Translation line, volunteer translators and/or Google Translate and outlined in Appendix 9 - Limited English Proficiency Response. 7. Law Enforcement a. Maintain law and order within their jurisdictions during times of emergency or disaster. This is accomplished by continuing their normal functions, which include assisting with warning and evacuation of affected areas, providing traffic and crowd control, and protecting key public officials. Also, providing security for the Emergency Coordination Center and other key facilities. 8. Fire Departments and Fire Protection Districts a. Maintain routine firefighting and rescue services, emergency medical, hazardous material initial scene assessment, isolation, containment, monitoring and decontamination. 9. EMS/North Franklin Public Hospital District #1 a. North Franklin Public Hospital District #1 is responsible for emergency medical services in the northern portions of Franklin County. b. Some fire districts and city fire departments are responsible for EMS in their jurisdictions. Currently only the City of Pasco and Franklin County Fire District #3 have EMS services other than North Franklin Public Hospital District #1. c. There are a couple private EMS providers in Franklin County – American Medical Response (AMR) and MedStar which respond throughout Franklin County. 10. Public Works/Engineers a. City and County Departments of Engineering and/or Public Works are a primary resource during emergency and disaster situations. b. Specifically, they will maintain roads, waterways, bridges, water systems, sewers, and treatment facilities. Provide barricading equipment, assist with rescue operations, and assist with emergency removal and disposal of debris. c. Conduct damage assessment of public facilities, provide inspection of facilities to determine structural condition, provide diking material for hazardous materials, supply fuel for operation of equipment, and coordinate construction management of private labor and equipment. 11. Assessor's Office Page 32 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Plan 2021 - CEMP Page 21 a. Assist in times of emergency by conducting damage assessments during response and recovery by making special efforts to preserve vital records. 12. Auditor's Office a. Assist the Emergency Chairperson in the administration of disaster related budgets, provide financial record keeping capabilities and establish a system for tracking and documentation of expenses during an emergency. b. Establish a system for removal and safety of public records. c. Track and account for personnel expenses for the response 13. Washington State University Cooperative Extension Office a. During mitigation and preparedness phases, provide, in cooperation with regulatory agencies, information and education to the general public regarding production, diseases in animals and plants, and handling of animals. b. During the response and recovery phases, provide a copy of United States Department of Agriculture's "Damage Assessment Report" to Franklin County Emergency Management. 14. Coroner a. Responsible for emergency morgue facilities, care for the deceased, including identification, mortuary services and notification of the next of kin. Plan for and implement a plan for mass fatality/mortuary services during emergencies. More specific information is in ESF – 8 and 8A. 15. Health District a. Advise the Emergency Chairperson/IC on matters relating to health and safety of the public and emergency workers. b. Coordinate medical and public health services during disaster operations, and ensure that disaster related health effects on the public and emergency workers are kept to a minimum. c. Supervise the food and water quality control program during disasters and will, if needed, manage disease control operations and immunizations/vaccinations d. Be the local lead organization in any disease/pandemic/public health type emergencies. e. Be the local lead organization for isolation and quarantine planning/facilities. 16. Parks and Recreation a. Provide equipment and personnel in support of the response and recovery efforts. Provide parks and recreation facilities to be used for mass care, assembly and relocation areas. Provide damage assessment reports of park and recreation facilities. Page 33 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Plan 2021 - CEMP Page 22 17. Southeast Washington Special Operations Group (SEWSOG) Hazardous Materials Response Team a. Provide advice and assistance to the Incident Commander and/or the Emergency Chairperson in controlling and containing hazardous materials releases. b. Respond in Franklin County to the areas that are currently contracted with the SEWSOG Team. If possible, negotiate with the responsible party and/or jurisdiction having authority for a fee- based response in areas not under contract and if requested. 18. Prosecutor and City Attorneys a. Provide legal advice to the Emergency Chairperson and Emergency Coordination Center Staff in the development and execution of emergency plans, procedures, agreements and proclamations of emergency. Other departments and agencies within Franklin County and its jurisdictions, although not specifically mentioned in the plan, may be asked by the Emergency Chairperson in times of emergency or disaster to provide personnel to other departments as needed, and to perform other emergency tasks as assigned. 19. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers – Walla Walla District a. Upon request by officials of the local jurisdiction and the County Emergency Management Director, the Corps of Engineers may serve as a resource provider to emergencies within Franklin County, with the authority to deploy personnel to assist under an all-hazards emergency response. b. Technical, material, and direct assistance are the forms of response the Walla Walla District of the US Army Corps of Engineers can provide to water-related disasters within the County. Technical assistance includes providing guidance on flood fight techniques and emergency construction methods; inspecting flood protection projects and dams to identify problems and recommend corrective measures; and providing hydraulic or hydrologic analysis, geotechnical evaluations, topography and stream data, maps, and historic flood or storm information. Material assistance includes issuing supplies (primarily sandbags) and loaning pumps. Direct assistance includes rescue operations, and on-the-ground flood fight operations. 20. American Red Cross a. Provide food, shelter and first aid to disaster victims and emergency workers, and will coordinate with the Salvation Army and other social agencies to provide individualized assistance to families. Page 34 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Plan 2021 - CEMP Page 23 b. Coordinate with school districts to provide facilities for Mass Care operations, and will handle welfare inquiries from concerned family members outside of disaster area. 21. The Salvation Army a. Provide food, clothing and other supplies, and counseling and chaplaincy services as needed by disaster victims or emergency workers in coordination with the Red Cross and other relief agencies. 22. Columbia Basin Dive and Rescue a. Perform search, rescue and recovery services for water related emergencies and assist, as needed, in land search and rescue operations. Will obtain a mission number from the Washington State Duty Officer before responding, either through SECOMM or Franklin County Emergency Management. 23. Area Hospitals a. Provide health care and emergency medical services to disaster victims and emergency workers. b. Provide statistical information to the Emergency Coordination Center. c. Jointly activate the Mass Casualty Incident Plan and Disaster Medical Coordination Center plan/procedures with the On-Scene Incident Commander. 24. Public Utility District and electric utilities a. Provide services to restore electrical power on a priority basis, repair damaged generating facilities, and remove downed electrical lines. Possibly asked for support for tree removal to clear roadways. 25. School districts a. School District will provide facilities and personnel for mass care and may be asked to provide buses for transportation support, public information officer/Spanish speaking support and possible access to school monitoring cameras. 26. Benton- Franklin Transit a. Provide buses and drivers for transportation support if needed and fill the transportation coordinator position in the ECC. 27. Benton-Franklin Humane Society a. Coordinate with Animal Control and the Red Cross to develop plans and procedures for animal response operations. 28. ARES/RACES Page 35 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Plan 2021 - CEMP Page 24 a. Coordination of emergency communications with emergency management to augment emergency response agencies. 29. Second Harvest a. Coordination of emergency food supplies and distribution VI. PLAN MAINTENANCE A. This Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan is required by law and is the basis for an integrated system of Emergency Management in Franklin County, in accordance with the requirements of RCW 38.52 and WAC 118.30. B. This plan, at a minimum, will be reviewed on a (5) five-year cycle or in compliance with future applicable regulations. C. This plan and Franklin County Emergency Management procedures will also be reviewed after emergency exercises and actual occurrences that implement portions of this plan. D. This plan is the documentation of the planning process and as such needs to be a product of that process, and it is essential this be accomplished with the input and cooperation of all participants. E. Local agency and organization actions support the overall emergency management function in the County. The operating procedures of those agencies and organizations, when coordinated and integrated with the CEMP form the backbone of the operational concept of the Emergency Management Organization. F. NIMS Integration 1. NIMS is a system mandated by Homeland Security Presidential Directive- 5 (HSPD-5) that provides a consistent, nationwide approach for Federal, State, local, and tribal governments; the private sector; and non- governmental organizations (NGOs) to effectively and efficiently work together to prepare for, respond to, and recover from domestic incidents, regardless of cause, size, or complexity. 2. To provide for interoperability and compatibility among Federal, State, local, and tribal capabilities, the NIMS includes a core set of concepts, principles, and terminology. 3. In accordance with NIMS, Franklin County has integrated the system in all phases of its planning and operations. G. Franklin County Emergency Management 1. Maintain the record of changes for the CEMP. 2. Coordinate with local agencies in the development, review and maintenance of the ESFs that contain agency responsibilities. 3. Review the entire CEMP on a five-year cycle, with a general updates of the plan annually. Page 36 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Basic Plan 2021 - CEMP Page 25 4. Coordinate the critiques and reviews of exercises and actual events to address specific functional elements of the CEMP, and make necessary and appropriate revisions. 5. Assist local agencies and organizations in the development and maintenance of their jurisdiction’s specific emergency plans/procedures. Page 37 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 1: Direction and Control 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 1 - 1 APPENDIX 1 DIRECTION AND CONTROL I. PURPOSE The purpose of this Appendix is to provide for effective supervision, authority and cooperative functioning of emergency response for the FC-ECC/EOC under this plan and to ensure the continued operation of government during the response and recovery phases of emergencies and disasters. II. AUTHORITIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES A. Chief Elected Official. The Chief Elected Official has the authority to issue a declaration of emergency if a condition exceeds the resources and/or capabilities of the city or county emergency services and those available through mutual aid agreements. Unincorporated County Areas 1. For emergency conditions that involve unincorporated areas of the county or more than one incorporated city, the Chief Elected Official is the Chairperson of the Board of County Commissioners or their designee. 2. In the absence of the Chairperson of the Board of Commissioners, any available County Commissioner may assume the role of Chief Elected Official of Franklin County for purposes of initiating a declaration of emergency. If no County Commissioners are available, the line of succession described in Franklin County Resolution 2021-253, Continuity of Government, When the Commissioners are Unavailable for an Emergency Situation, it will be followed. The order of succession is: • Sheriff • County Prosecutor • County Administrator Incorporated Areas 3. For emergency conditions that are confined to the geographic limits of an incorporated city within Franklin County, the Chief Elected Official is the Mayor. 4. In the absence of the Mayor, an elected City Council member will assume the role of Chief Elected Official for that city according to the line of succession described in the city ordinances. At the discretion of the City Council, the authority to act as Chief Elected Official may be vested in the City Manager or City Administrator. Page 38 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 1: Direction and Control 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 1 - 2 B. Emergency Chairperson. Upon issuance of a proclamation of emergency, the Chief Elected Official of the affected jurisdiction will assume (or delegate) the duties and responsibilities of Emergency Chairperson. 1. In Pasco, Connell, Kahlotus, or Mesa, the Mayor may choose to delegate the responsibility of Emergency Chairperson to the City Manager, City Administrator, or any elected City Council Member. 2. In the circumstance that more than one jurisdiction within Franklin County is involved in or threatened by the emergency, the Chairperson of the Board of Commissioners (or designee) and the Mayor of the jurisdiction(s) involved (or designee) may act jointly in the capacity of Emergency Chairperson. 3. The Emergency Chairperson/designee will direct that the Emergency Coordination Center, be partially or fully activated to serve as the central point of coordination and/or control and direction. 4. The Emergency Chairperson, or designee will report to the Emergency Coordination Center and: • Provide overall direction for the emergency coordination center or issue a delegation of those authorities. • Assume responsibility for all policy actions/decisions for the jurisdiction or issue a delegation of those authorities. • Direct the implementation of those policy actions/decisions, either unilaterally or through initiating a Multi-Agency Coordination (MAC)/Decision Group and/or issue a delegation of those authorities. • Authorize emergency expenditures, staff response and resources as requested by the Incident Commander. 5. Any changes to the line of succession described in 2.1 above or pre- designation of Emergency Chairmen will be formally approved by the Commissioners or City Councils. The Commissioners or City Councils will inform FCEM of any such changes, their effective dates, and their duration. III. EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT ORGANIZATION A. The Franklin County Emergency Management Organization is comprised of a Director, Deputy Director, Administrative Executive and a Program Coordinator. B. A primary role of Franklin County Emergency Management staff during an activation is to provide support to the incident commander by assisting in resource Page 39 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 1: Direction and Control 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 1 - 3 ordering and coordination, public information functions and alert/warning of the public as requested/needed. C. The Franklin County Emergency Management staff will manage and ensure operability of the Emergency Coordination/Operation Center as a primary responsibility/function. IV. EMERGENCY COORDINATION/OPERATIONS CENTER A. The Franklin County Emergency Coordination/Operations Center is in the Port of Pasco, located at 1011 E. Ainsworth St., Pasco, Washington (46°13'10.05" N, 119° 4'57.52" W). B. The designated alternate ECC/EOC is located in the Sheriff’s Office at the Public Safety Building (1016 N. 4th - Pasco). C. Each participating jurisdiction and agency may designate an Incident Command Post for direction and control of their response effort. The FCEM staff may relocate to any of the signatories to this plan for integration into any facility they deem appropriate. D. The FC-ECC’s primary function is to provide logistical, and coordination support to the incident or event as directed by the incident command authority and/or existing response plans. Historically, this is the predominant situation in Franklin County. E. The FC-EOC’s primary function is to provide the Incident Commander an operational facility to command response activities during a major disaster/emergency. In catastrophic incidents or disasters, the ECC may be utilized as the Emergency Operations Center (EOC). In such cases, the EOC will provide operational control of the incident/event resources under the direction of the Incident Commander. Some emergencies are not conducive to having command and control near the incident but can be managed more efficiently and safely from the operations center. The Incident Command structure will be utilized and will be operating under the direction and control of the Incident Commander. The Incident Commander will control the disaster/emergency through authorities issued via a delegation of authority. The Hanford Site and Columbia Generating Station plans will utilize the FCEM facility as an Emergency Operations Center. F. The Emergency Coordination/Operations Center will be staffed and activated at one of the following phased levels upon request from an incident commander or as determined by existing plans: 1. Level 3 – MONITORING The routine activity level in which FCEM staff conducts their daily emergency management responsibilities. The FCEM employees monitor and coordinate incidents in cooperation with the WA-SEOC. Page 40 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 1: Direction and Control 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 1 - 4 2. Level 2 – PARTIAL ACTIVATION When an incident exceeds the capability or capacity of the local response/responders the FC-ECC/EOC activates to a Level 2 Partial Activation. In a Partial Activation, one or more of the FC-ECC/EOC functions (Planning, Logistics) activate to support the incident or the impacted jurisdictions. An Operations section and/or Finance/Administration section may be activated at the direction of the Incident Commander or the Emergency Manager). State agencies activate to fill Emergency Support Functions (ESFs) as dictated by the incident. 3. Level 1 – FULL ACTIVATION The ECC/EOC functions (Planning, Logistics, and Administration) activate to support the incident or the impacted jurisdictions. An Operations section and/or Finance section may be activated at the direction of the Incident Commander or the Emergency Manager). Local agencies/departments and volunteers are utilized to fill Emergency Support Functions (ESFs) as dictated by the incident. Page 41 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 2: Public Information 2021 – CEMP Pg Appendix 2 - 1 APPENDIX 2 PUBLIC INFORMATION I. PURPOSE The purpose of this Appendix is to provide for and maintain a program that prepares and distributes emergency information and instructions to the public before, during and after emergencies, using all available communications media. II. CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS A. The functions of public information include the dissemination of timely and accurate information that promotes personal safety and survival, offers advice on protection of property, gives accurate information on the actions of government and the expected role of citizens, neutralizes rumors, and outlines assistance available from local, State, Federal and volunteer agencies. B. Joint Information Center/System (JIC/JIS) will be established to serve as a focus for public information activities at the FC-ECC or designated facility/location by the Incident Commander. The Department of Energy and Energy Northwest emergency plans have designated locations for a JIC in their respective plans. C. Upon request from an Incident Commander, FCEM staff will act as the Public Information Officer for the Incident Commander, or as PIO support for the Incident Commander. D. When utilizing the Emergency Alert System, IPAWS and/or CodeRED mass notification systems, messages will be sent in English and Spanish as depicted in Appendix 9 Limited English Proficiency Response in this CEMP. III. AUTHORITIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES A. Franklin County and each city will appoint a Public Information Officer (PIO) and notify FCEM of the appointment. PIO’s will be selected based on their ability to write media releases, speak effectively, understand media practices, and understand emergency situations. B. The Chief Elected Official of an affected jurisdiction will: 1. Notify FCEM if activation of the Public Information team is required. 2. Coordinate the release of information with the FCEM PIO if the Public Information team is not activated. 3. Approve all news releases during an emergency or disaster. 4. Designate a location to serve as an information/media center. C. The Director of Emergency Management will: Page 42 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 2: Public Information 2021 – CEMP Pg Appendix 2 - 2 1. Activate the public information team when conditions exist that require instructions to the public or generate public concern or media inquiries. 2. Serve as part of the public information team. 3. Ensure FCEM staff have taken PIO courses and are trained appropriately. 4. Support Incident Command with PIO capabilities when requested. D. Franklin County Emergency Management PIO will: 1. In coordination with Local, State and Federal agencies, develop and maintain procedures for dissemination of emergency public information, including provisions for the coordination of information and authentication of news releases prior to their release. 2. Coordinate with the PIO from other jurisdictions during an emergency situation. 3. Develop and maintain phone lists and other means of communication with the media to support rapid dissemination of warnings and emergency information. 4. With concurrence of the Chief Elected Official, serve as jurisdiction spokesperson in the absence of a jurisdiction PIO. 5. Coordinate and monitor release of all emergency public information, emergency instructions, and news releases concerning the safety and welfare of the citizens of Franklin County. 6. Coordinate the release of information with the affected jurisdiction's PIO and/or Chief Elected Official. 7. Arrange for a Spanish translator to translate emergency information for the public, as time permits and as depicted in Appendix 9 of this CEMP. 8. Upon request of the Incident Commander, act as the PIO for the command staff either on-scene or from the Emergency Coordination Center. E. City and County Public Information Officers will: 1. Report to the Emergency Coordination Center or other designated location in Franklin County. 2. Assume the role of Lead PIO/Spokesperson if the event involves their jurisdiction, or delegate that responsibility to someone else. 3. Coordinate the release of event information with Incident Command and the FC-ECC – if the FC-ECC is activated. 4. Utilize FCEM staff as appropriate to support the PIO function during an emergency. IV. FACILITIES/SYSTEM Upon activating the public information team, an information/media center will be established at the affected jurisdiction and/or at FCEM. If an information/media facility is not activated, an information system will be created and managed by the lead PIO. This is commonly referred to as a Joint Information System (JIS). On- scene PIO functions such as media control, may occur near the scene of the emergency upon direction from the Incident Commander Page 43 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 2: Public Information 2021 – CEMP Pg Appendix 2 - 3 V. NOTIFICATIONS/MEDIA A. The radio and television stations serving Franklin County will serve as principal means of quickly disseminating emergency public information for large incidents. Most of the broadcasters in Franklin County are participating members of the Columbia Basin EAS Operational Area. B. For more targeted emergency notifications, Franklin County can utilize IPAWS/WEA and CodeRED systems that are managed and authorized for use to Franklin County Emergency Management. All Franklin County Emergency Management staff are trained on these systems and are required to test them weekly. C. The following print media serve the Franklin County area: 1. Tri-City Herald, Kennewick 2. Franklin County Graphic, Connell 3. La Voz, Pasco Page 44 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 3: References 2021 – CEMP Pg Appendix 3 - 1 APPENDIX 3 REFERENCES This Plan was developed and is maintained pursuant to, but not limited to the following statutes, regulations and existing plan documents. Each Appendix, Annex or Emergency Support Function (ESF) may include additional references that pertain to that specific document. LOCAL REFERENCES: • Interlocal Cooperative Agreement for Franklin County Emergency Management • City of Pasco COOP and COG Plan, Resolution No. 3947, 03/23/2020 • City of Pasco Snow Plow Route Plan • Franklin County Emergency Management - Department of Energy-Richland Operations Office Emergency Response Plan • Franklin County – Columbia Generating Station Emergency Response Plan GOVERNING REVISED CODES OF WASHINGTON (RCW) AND WASHINGTON ADMINISTRATIVE CODE (WAC): • RCW 09.73 - Rights of Privacy • RCW 35A - Optional Municipal Code • RCW 38.52 - Emergency Management • RCW 38.52.110 - Use of existing services and facilities • RCW 43.43.960 - State Fire Mobilization • RCW 52 - Fire Protection Districts • RCW 70A.415 - Hazardous Substance Information • RCW 70 - Public Health and Safety • RCW 70.136 - Hazardous Materials Incidents • WAC 118 - Emergency Management • WAC 118.04 - Emergency Worker Program FEDERAL GOVERNING STATUES: • Public Law 93-288, The Disaster Relief Act of 1974, as amended by Public Law 100- 707, The Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act • Public Law 920, Federal Civil Defense Act of 1950, as amended • Public Law 96-342, Improved Civil Defense 1980 • Public Law 99-499, Superfund Amendment and Reauthorization Act (SARA) of 1986, Title III, Emergency Planning Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA) • Current Census Data for Washington State Page 45 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 3: References 2021 – CEMP Pg Appendix 3 - 2 PLAN REFERENCES: • Franklin County Emergency Management - Department of Energy-Richland Operations Office Emergency Response Plan • Franklin County – Columbia Generating Station Emergency Response Plan • Washington State Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP) • Washington State Fire Services Resource Mobilization Plan • Washington State Integrated Fixed Facility Radiological and Chemical Protection Plan • Washington State Department of Ecology Northwest Area Contingency Plan & Region 10 Regional Contingency Plan • National Planning Frameworks • Washington State Office of Financial Management (April population statistics) • Washington State Department of Ecology Emergency Planning & Community Right-to- Know Act Page 46 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 4: Definitions 2021 – CEMP Pg Appendix 4 - 1 APPENDIX 4 DEFINITIONS AND ACRONYMS Activation Levels - Upon request from the Incident Commander or if the situation warrants, FCEM will activate the FC-ECC. Activation can be a hybrid of any of the four levels described below, including remote operations from different locations or even from home. FC-ECC activations will be utilizing a phased response approach with three general activation levels: Level 3 – MONITORING ACTIVATION The routine activation level in which FCEM conducts their normal/daily emergency management responsibilities. The FCEM employees manage and coordinate incidents in cooperation with the SEOC. Level 2 – PARTIAL ACTIVATION Phase II activation is for enhanced operations where an incident could potentially grow to the point where the Incident Commander could need assistance coordinating resources. The most senior FCEM staff will call in additional FCEM staff as needed and appropriate. One or more of the FC-ECC/EOC functions (Operations, Planning, Logistics, or Finance/Administration) activate to support the incident or the impacted jurisdictions. The ECC staff will continue to monitor and process requests for assistance from the incident. The WA-SEOC will be notified and a mission number should be requested by the FCEM ECC/EOC. The SEOC may activate ESFs as needed/dictated by the incident. Level 1 – FULL ACTIVATION Level 1 activation has, at a minimum, the required positions for ECC/EOC to be declared operational. All the ECC functions (Operations, Planning, Logistics, and Finance/Administration) activate to support the incident or the impacted jurisdiction(s). All positions should be notified to respond to the ECC/EOC, and if not responding, put on standby. Local agencies/departments and volunteers are utilized to fill Emergency Support Functions (ESFs) as dictated by the incident. Access Control Point (ACP) - Road or highway control points staffed primarily by State or county law enforcement, augmented as necessary by the National Guard and/or designated response agencies to facilitate the exit from and deny the entry of unauthorized personnel into an area of risk. Access control is an enforcement function involving the deployment of vehicles, barricades, or other devices around the perimeter of the risk area, to deny access into the area. CodeRED System – Is a mass notification system that is utilized in Franklin County to notify residents of emergency actions they need to take in their specific area. This system has the ability to notify residents that have opted-in to use the free system via text, email and/or telephone call. This system is the conduit to utilize IPAWS. CodeRED will be utilized in compliance with Appendix 9 of this CEMP. Disaster - An emergency situation of such magnitude that it is beyond the capability of the resources available within Franklin County and its mutual aid agreements. Generally, a disaster is a situation that requires assistance in response and/or recovery from State and Federal government agencies. Page 47 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 4: Definitions 2021 – CEMP Pg Appendix 4 - 2 Emergency - Any situation requiring resources or response by one or more than one agency to save life and/or protect property and the environment. It may be very extensive in scope, but remains within the capabilities of the jurisdiction involved, including use of mutual aid. Emergency Alert System (EAS) - A cooperative agreement between commercial radio and television stations to allow local or state officials to use their facilities to broadcast emergency information to the general public in the event of a life-threatening situation. This system is a large scale notification through all media that cover Franklin County via radio and/or television. Emergency Chairperson - The person in charge of the direction and control of any emergency or disaster from the Emergency Coordination Center. The Chief Elected Official (or designee) will report to the Emergency Coordination Center to assume direction and control of policy type activities as the Emergency Chairperson for that jurisdiction in response to the effects of disasters (See Appendix 1, Direction and Control). The Chairperson of the Board of County Commissioners or the Mayor of any incorporated city is considered the Chief Elected Official of the jurisdiction. Emergency Coordination/Operations Center (ECC/EOC) – A facility where officials meet to provide emergency direction and control during a large emergency or disaster. It is located in the Port of Pasco, 1011 E. Ainsworth St., Pasco, Washington. It is occupied by Franklin County Emergency Management and Pasco Fire Training Operations. Emergency Coordination/Operations Center Staff - The functional positions in the Emergency Coordination/Operations Center. Activation may occur at one of three activation levels, as defined in Appendix 1, Direction and Control. Emergency Worker Assistance Center (EWAC) - A place where emergency workers are monitored and decontaminated if necessary, following a nuclear or chemical emergency. In Franklin County, the Emergency Worker Center is co-located with a public mass care facility (Assistance Center). Emergency Planning Zone (EPZ) - Geographical area delineated around a potential hazard that defines the anticipated areas of impact in order to facilitate planning for the protection of people during an emergency. Evacuation Levels – they are protective actions that residents may be instructed to undertake in order to provide safety and security of their well-being. Level 1 Get Ready! Residents should be aware of the danger that exists in their area, monitor local media outlets for information. Residents with special needs (such as a susceptibility to breathing problems in wildfires or those with animals/pets) should take note and begin making arrangements to evacuate. Evacuations at this time are voluntary. Level 2 Get Set! There is a significant risk to your area and residents should be ready to leave at a moment’s notice OR voluntarily relocate to a shelter or with family/friends outside of the area Page 48 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 4: Definitions 2021 – CEMP Pg Appendix 4 - 3 Level 3 GO! Conditions present a specific & immediate threat to life and safety in your area, residents should evacuate immediately Franklin County Emergency Management (FCEM) – A political subdivision of Franklin County per Interlocal Agreement in compliance with RCW 38.52.070/ WAC 118-30-060. Franklin County Emergency Management Board – Governing body for FCEM with representatives from Pasco (2), Franklin County (2), Connell (1), Mesa (1) and Kahlotus (1). Integrated Public Alert & Warning (IPAWS) – Is FEMA's national system for local alerting that provides authenticated emergency and life-saving information to the public through mobile phones using Wireless Emergency Alerts, to radio and television via the Emergency Alert System, and on the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Weather Radio. IPAWS will be activated in compliance with Appendix 9 of this CEMP. National Warning System (NAWAS) - Installed originally to warn of nuclear attack, this direct telephone links nearly 2,000 locations around the U.S. manned 24 hours a day. Known as Warning Points, these locations can talk to each other and to national centers near Washington DC, and Colorado Springs, CO. National Weather Service - The U.S. Weather Service's system of issuing weather advisories (by teletype), especially in the case of very threatening weather with a potential for damage or loss of life. Local NWS stations are usually found in offices or facilities with 24-hour coverage. Population at Risk - The population that could possibly be affected by effects of a disaster. Protective Action - An action taken to avoid or reduce exposure to a hazard. Evacuating, sheltering indoors etc. are examples of protective actions. Protective Action Decision (PAD) - A decision reached by the Incident Commander or an Emergency Chairperson to instruct residents to take a particular action for their own safety/protection. The decision is usually consistent with the Protective Action Recommendation (PAR), but may be modified as the Chairperson sees fit. Protective Action Recommendation (PAR) - A recommendation to the Incident Commander or an Emergency Chairperson, by a hazard generator, containing a suggested course of action for the protection of citizens at risk from a particular Hazard. This requires the Emergency Chairperson and/or the Incident Commander to make a Protective Action Decision (PAD). Public Information Officer (PIO) - A person designated to disseminate and acquire information to be distributed to the general public. Reception Center - A location in a community that is set up by the American Red Cross or other shelter officials to receive and register persons arriving from an area being evacuated. Evacuees may be retained at that location for Mass Care, or assigned elsewhere for lodging or shelter. Page 49 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 4: Definitions 2021 – CEMP Pg Appendix 4 - 4 Route Alerting - A method for alerting people. Route alerting is accomplished by emergency personnel traveling in vehicles along pre-assigned routes and delivering emergency instructions with public address systems, or by door-to-door notification, advising people to tune to their Emergency Alert System Station. SECOMM – the 9-1-1 dispatch center for Benton and Franklin Counties. It is located in Richland, WA and covers both counties completely, including a small portion of Walla Walla County in the Burbank area. Shelter-In-Place - A protective action that involves taking cover in a building that can be made relatively airtight. Generally, any building suitable for winter habitation will provide some protection with windows and doors closed and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system turned off. Increased effectiveness can be obtained in sheltering by methods such as using an interior room or basement, taping windows and doors, and other more elaborate systems to limit natural ventilation. To be used as a protective action, sheltering requires the ability to communicate to the public when it is safe and/or necessary to emerge from the shelter. Special Population - that portion of the potentially affected public who require additional effort and special attention in the event of an emergency. Examples include school and day care children, the elderly, handicapped persons, residents of nursing homes, hospitals, jails and other secure facilities, the homeless, and those without private transportation. Spokesperson – Usually a Public Information Officer (PIO) appointed from a jurisdiction to act as the Lead PIO and directly interact/interface with media for press conferences or interviews. Stand-by Status - A state of readiness for emergency personnel and public officials which indicates they have been alerted to anticipate a call to action, but no action has been indicated. Tone Alert Radio (TAR) – An emergency radio that will alert the public of a problem at one of the Hanford site nuclear facilities or Energy Northwest. Traffic Control Point (TCP) - A location staffed to ensure the continued movement of traffic inside or outside an area of risk. Traffic control is a temporary function to be implemented at points where normal traffic controls are inadequate or where redirection of traffic becomes necessary due to emergency conditions. Page 50 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 4: Definitions 2021 – CEMP Pg Appendix 4 - 5 Acronyms: ACCESS A Central Computerized Enforcement Service System ACP Access Control Point ALS Advanced Life Support ARC American Red Cross BFHD Benton-Franklin Health Department BFT Ben Franklin Transit BLS Basic Life Support CEMNET Comprehensive Emergency Management Network CEMP Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan CGS Columbia Generating Station DHS Department of Homeland Security DOE Department of Energy DWI Disaster Welfare Information EAS Emergency Alert system EMS Emergency Medical Service ENW Energy Northwest ECC/EOC Emergency Coordination/Operations Center EPA Environmental Protection Agency EPZ Emergency Planning Zone ERPG Emergency Response Planning Guideline ESF Emergency Support Function EWAC Emergency Worker Assistance Center FCEM Franklin county Emergency Management FCPW Franklin County Public Works FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency HAZMAT Hazardous Materials HEAR Hospital Emergency Administrative Radio HIVA Hazard Identification & Vulnerability Analysis ICS Incident Command System IFG Individual and Family Grant JIC Joint Information Center JIS Joint Information System LEPC Local Emergency Planning Committee MCI Mass Casualty Incident MEDNET Medical Network MERS Mobile Emergency Radio Service NAWAS National Warning System NIMS National Incident Management System NLETS National Law Enforcement Teletype System NRDA Natural Resource Damage Assessment NWACP Northwest Area Contingency Plan PAD Protective Action Decision PAG Protective Action Guide PAR Protective Action Recommendation Page 51 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 4: Definitions 2021 – CEMP Pg Appendix 4 - 6 PDA Preliminary Damage Assessment PIO Public Information Officer PUD Public Utility District PWP Primary Warning Point RACES Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Services RCW Revised Code of Washington SAR Search and Rescue SECOMM Southeast Communications Center (9-1-1 dispatch) SEOC State Emergency Operations Center SEWSOG Southeast Washington Special Operations Group HAZMAT Team SITREPS Situation Reports TAR Tone Alert Radio TCP Traffic Control Point TEDE Total Effective Dose Equivalent WAC Washington Administrative Codes WEA Wireless Emergency Alerting - part of IPAWS WDFW Washington State Department of Fish and Wildlife WSDA Washington State Department of Agriculture WSP Washington State Patrol Page 52 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 5: Administration 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 5 - 1 APPENDIX 5 ADMINISTRATION I. PURPOSE This Appendix specifies the administrative methods and controls that will maintain emergency operations capabilities and support emergency operations. II. FISCAL CONTROLS A. Emergency Expenditures. Emergency expenditures are not normally integrated into the budgeting process of local governments. Nevertheless, disasters occur on a periodic basis requiring substantial and necessary unanticipated obligations and expenditures. 1. Political subdivisions are authorized by RCW 38.52.070 (2) to "enter into contracts and incur obligations necessary to combat such disasters, protecting the health and safety of persons and property, and providing emergency assistance to the victims of such disaster." 2. Expenditures necessary for the survival of the people and maintenance of services may exceed the legal limitations of the county/city. 3. Political subdivisions have the power to enter into contracts and incur obligations in carrying out the provisions of Washington Emergency Management Act without regard to time-consuming procedures and formalities prescribed by law (except mandatory constitutional requirements), including but not limited to budget law limitations and the appropriation and expenditure of public funds RCW 38.52.070 (2). 4. Records shall be kept in such a manner that disaster-related expenditures and obligations of political subdivisions can be broken out and identified, separated from regular or general programs and activities. This is the responsibility of the accounting/auditing/financial department for the jurisdiction/municipality having the emergency. B. Disaster Assistance. Counties, Cities, Special Districts (classified as political sub- divisions of the State) and qualified private nonprofit organizations are eligible for disaster assistance. Complete and accurate records are necessary to document requests for assistance and to ensure maximum eligible reimbursement, and to facilitate reimbursement under approved applications pertaining to declared emergencies or major disasters. The Office of the Secretary of State maintains records of nonprofit organizations. Upon request from State Emergency Management Division, they will certify the status of private nonprofit organizations applying for PL 93 288 disaster monies. 1. Disaster related expenditures and obligations of counties and cities may be reimbursed under a number of federal programs, and restoration of certain public facilities may be authorized by the Federal Government Page 53 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 5: Administration 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 5 - 2 after a major disaster declaration by the President or under authority of certain Federal agencies. 2. Any financial assistance that may be provided is based on damage survey reports and the further submission and approval of project applications that apply to: • Debris removal. • Emergency protective measures for the protection of life and property. • Repair, replacement, or restoration of public facilities. • Disaster loans to those communities that suffer a substantial loss of revenue. • Use of federal equipment, supplies, facilities, personnel, and other resources. 3. Agencies performing disaster-related work will keep detailed records from the onset of the disaster, including but not limited to work performed by force account and work which is contracted. 4. Documentation for work performed by force account should include: • Appropriate extracts from payroll with any cross-references needed to locate original documents. • A schedule of equipment used on the job. • Invoices, warrants, and checks issued and paid for materials and supplies used on the job. 5. Documentation for work which is contracted should include copies of: • The request for bids. • The contract which is let. • Invoices submitted by the contractor. • Warrants authorizing check issuance. • Any checks issued in payment. 6. The State's program of nondiscrimination in disaster assistance will be carried out in accordance with Title 44 CFR, Section 205.16. III. ADMINISTRATIVE ASPECTS OF PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE A. Administrative Plans and Procedures. 1. Chief Elected Officials have the overall responsibility for emergency administrative plans within their jurisdictions. 2. The Director of Franklin County Emergency Management is responsible for providing technical advice to the jurisdictions and department heads in the preparation and execution of their emergency administrative plans and procedures, which should also include procedures for identifying and preserving essential records and files. The FCEM Director upon request will review the jurisdictions administrative plans and procedures for feasibility and incorporation into the FC CEMP via reference. 3. The County Prosecutor and City Attorneys are responsible for providing legal advice to department heads in the development and execution of emergency administrative plans and procedures. Page 54 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 5: Administration 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 5 - 3 4. Department Heads are responsible for the preparation and execution of their emergency administrative plans and procedures. Agencies with disaster responsibilities will establish orderly files of emergency procedures and forms so that during a disaster, these materials will be readily available. 5. All jurisdictions will keep an updated inventory of all resources and assets that may be called upon for use in disasters. 6. The Director of Franklin County Emergency Management will provide for the efficient NIMS compliant administration of the FC-ECC during activation, including: • Procedures and checklists for each position. • Internal information systems and methods to support ECC operation. • Complete and continuous records of response actions, communications and decisions. • Records of emergency mission assignments and expenditures. 7. Each jurisdiction is responsible to create an accounting system to specifically track emergency expenditures such as personnel time, contracts, emergency purchases etc. The jurisdictions accounting/auditing/finance department will be the responsible entity to ensure this vital role is accomplished. B. Response. 1. Emergency Management Mission Numbers will be assigned to local political subdivisions for all actions intended to protect life and property during the incident period for any given disaster. The mission number serves to cover the liability incurred by registered emergency workers within the County for the duration of the incident and recovery period. 2. Franklin County Emergency Management will utilize NIMS trained emergency workers as required by RCW 38.52.010, 38.52.310 and WAC 118.04. • All volunteers shall carry their own insurance for personal equipment and vehicles and team equipment. Local agencies, before borrowing equipment, should verify that there is personal insurance coverage. Deductible charges on insurance policies may be eligible for reimbursement. • Equipment and vehicles should only be used by trained and qualified personnel. Any personal property that is not relevant to the mission will not be considered for compensation coverage. 3. In instances where emergency work is performed to protect life and property, requirements for environmental review and permits may be waived or orally approved as per the following statutes and regulations: • State Environmental Policy Act (SEPA - Environmental Review). • Hydraulics Act (Hydraulics Permit) • Forest Practices Act (Application for Forest Products) • Shoreline Management Act (Shoreline Permit) • Flood Control Zones by State (Permits for Improvement). Page 55 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 5: Administration 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 5 - 4 4. Many structures, archaeological sites, or properties of historic significance are protected by law. One-time critical missions and recovery actions affecting such protected areas will be coordinated with the State Office of Archaeology and Historic Preservation. C. Reporting. 1. Reports are required from involved agencies, departments, and local governments to provide the Emergency Chairperson, the Director of Emergency Management and other local, State, and Federal government officials with information concerning the nature, magnitude, and impact of disaster, and for use in evaluating and providing the most efficient and appropriate response. Reports required include, but are not limited to: Situation Reports, Proclamations of Emergency, Requests for Assistance, and Damage Assessment Reports. 2. Franklin County Emergency Management shall be responsible for collecting, evaluating, and forwarding timely situation reports and emergency declarations to the State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC). 3. Franklin County Emergency Management is responsible for determining local emergency priorities and needs, and, if local resources are not adequate, requesting assistance from the Washington State Emergency Operations Center by a Proclamation of Emergency. 4. Franklin County Emergency Management will assist local jurisdictions in compiling and analyzing emergency operations and situation reports, compiling damage assessment reports, compiling after-action reports, and coordinating needed public assistance programs through local and State offices. D. Plan Development and Maintenance. Franklin County Emergency Management will create and maintain this Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP) and the accompanying Implementing Procedures. 1. Before adoption, this Plan, including all its Appendices, Annexes and Emergency Support Functions, will be coordinated with and reviewed by the agencies and organizations with responsibilities for carrying out the plan. 2. This CEMP, after local input and revision, will be coordinated with the Washington State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC) to ensure compliance with State and Federal guidance and compatibility with State and Federal plans which may affect Franklin County. 3. After initial adoption/promulgation, this Plan and the supporting procedures will undergo periodic review by Franklin County Emergency Management and by city/county agencies/departments involved, to ensure integration of NIMS/ICS and that current hazards and capabilities are addressed. 4. Once adopted, copies of this Plan will be distributed to agencies and organizations that are named in the Plan as having emergency Page 56 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 5: Administration 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 5 - 5 responsibilities. The Plan will also be available to the public via download at https://franklinem.org/fcem-plans-documents/ 5. Throughout the life of this Plan, the Plan and supporting procedures will be tested by regularly scheduled drills and exercises in conformance with the Department of Homeland Security and Federal Emergency Management Agency guidance. 6. Every five years from date of initial adoption/promulgation, the FC CEMP will be reviewed by the Washington State Military Department- Emergency Management Division to validate revisions/updates and approve the FC CEMP. 7. At the option of the agency or organization involved, the Plan may be distributed in an abbreviated form, consisting of only the Basic Plan section, and the Appendices, Annexes and Emergency Support Functions which apply to the agency or organization. IV. CONTINUITY OF GOVERNMENT Continuity of local government is provided for by the Constitution of the State of Washington. (Reference: RCW 42.14.040, 050, 070, 075). Local laws and procedures will be utilized to continue the government in the event that the number of officials required to conduct business is reduced by the emergency. A. Franklin County. In the event there is a reduction in the number of county commissioners, those Commissioners available for duty shall have the full authority to act in matters as a Board of County Commissioners. In the event that no county commissioner is available for duty, then those elected county officials, as are available for duty, shall act as the Board of County Commissioners and shall possess by majority vote, the full authority of the Board of County Commissioners. The lines of succession for county commissioners in an emergency shall be in accordance with Franklin County Resolution 99-150, and are as follows: (1) Sheriff (2) County Prosecutor (3) County Administrator B. Cities. In the event that the executive head of any city is not available to exercise the powers and discharge the duties of the office, then those members available for duty shall by majority vote, select one of their number to act as executive head. In the event there is a reduction in the number of city council members, then those members available for duty shall have full power to act by majority vote. Cities will invoke their Continuity of Operations Plans for their specific jurisdiction. C. Executive Heads of Departments. Executive heads of departments or agencies of county or city governments (elected or appointed) shall assure continuity of operations through the appointment of successors to their position with a minimum of two (2) designees. The successors will be aware of their emergency operations responsibilities. D. Emergency Operations Center Staff. To ensure the protection of the public at all times, all members of the Emergency Operations Center staff should name at least Page 57 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 5: Administration 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 5 - 6 two alternates. These alternates must be familiar with the Franklin County Emergency Operations Plan, and be vested with the full confidence and authority of the member they replace to act in his/her behalf. Alternates should be from the same department or elected body as the member they replace, and must be capable of committing any and all of the resources they represent. E. Essential Records. Local elected and appointed heads of government and governmental departments will ensure that essential records are identified, preserved, and adequately protected. The Director of Finance and the Chief Deputies for the treasurer’s office and auditor’s office are responsible to identify, protect, and preserve essential records and files. These positions are also responsible to develop procedures to safeguard financial, vital statistics, personnel records and files for the county and respective cities. Other local agencies and departments will identify records essential for continuity of government and work with the state archivist for their protection. (RCW 40.10.010). Human Resources and specifically, the Director of Human Resources is responsible for the retention and safeguarding of personnel records and files. Offsite storage for records is utilized for payroll and other records per Washington State Retention Schedules. F. Finance. Franklin County Finance Departments (Auditor/Treasurer) have procedures and safeguards to protect the financial records of the county. The Information Services Department is responsible for ensuring the integrity of backup systems being utilized as well as safeguarding the regularly scheduled backup media/medium and their storage. The main financial records are kept on two separate computer systems, as well as a shared network drive system. These systems require coded passwords to access, and in certain circumstances require two separate individuals to perform financial tasks. These server systems have daily scheduled backups, with several daily/weekly/monthly/yearly versions retained, as well as being synchronized to the cloud each night. Additional redundancies involve various hardcopy backups. The cities within Franklin County have similar systems and processes established as those mentioned above. Cloud storage systems have become a predominant option for redundancy for most jurisdictions. Page 58 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 6: Training and Exercises 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 6 - 1 APPENDIX 6 TRAINING AND EXERCISES I. PURPOSE The purpose of this Appendix is to provide for training of FC-ECC staff, volunteers and emergency responders. Coordination for regular exercises to test emergency plans and procedures. Evaluate the preparedness of the County and its jurisdictions. II. TRAINING OF EMERGENCY STAFF/VOLUNTEERS/RESPONDERS Persons expected to perform functions in an emergency that they are not accustomed to performing on a regular basis require periodic training to assure their ability to perform. The Federal Emergency Management Agency also has specific training and exercise requirements for some hazards which must be met by state and local jurisdictions. A. Franklin County Emergency Management will identify training requirements for each emergency response position in the FC-ECC. Training requirements will be based on the knowledge, skills and abilities needed to perform the duties of the position. One or more of the following types of training may be specified for a given position: 1. Introduction to the Emergency Response Organization and overview of ECC operations. This will normally be required of each newly-designated emergency responder. 2. Position-specific training on duties and procedures. 3. Shadowing/Walking through the duties of a position with an experienced responder or member of the FCEM staff. 4. Performing the duties of an assigned position during a drill or emergency activation. 5. Outside technical training (classes, workshops and seminars) related to the assigned response duties. B. Franklin County Emergency Management will prepare, conduct and evaluate training of the types identified above and maintain records of the training. C. Franklin County Emergency Management will assist responders who desire or require training in identifying and attending classes, workshops and seminars that apply to their particular function. Training will include classes taught by Local, State, Federal, American Red Cross and/or private agencies. D. Franklin County Emergency Management will submit regular reports on training and exercises performed at the local level required by FEMA and the State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC). E. All agencies and organizations, within Franklin County and its jurisdictions, will ensure that their members with emergency assignments participate in training required for their duties and positions. This includes agency executives, elected officials or heads of other organizations. Training will be conducted by Franklin Page 59 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 6: Training and Exercises 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 6 - 2 County Emergency Management and/or by the organizations own personnel/contractors pursuant to their rules/regulations/protocols. F. FCEM will provide/offer the National Incident Management System (NIMS) training as direction and guidelines are provided by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and the NIMS Implementation Center (NIC). G. All FCEM Staff, at a minimum, will be required to obtain FEMA certification in the following training courses: 1. IS-100, 200, 700, 800 2. ICS 300, 400 3. Professional Development Series (PDS) of courses *Suggested – Advanced PDS and all EM Academies H. All FCEM Volunteers, at a minimum will be required to obtain FEMA certification in the following training courses: 1. IS-100, 200, 700, 800 *Suggested – any other courses that pertain to their position/expertise III. EXERCISES Regular exercises are needed to test plans and procedures that are designed for emergency use, as well as to determine new procedures for emergency response. A. Franklin County will participate in large scale exercises scheduled in coordination with the Local Entities, State and FEMA to the extent possible. B. Franklin County Emergency Management will prepare and conduct and evaluate small scale drills and exercises to test plans and procedures when requested by a jurisdiction, or when the opportunity to exercise specific response functions is not provided by the State or FEMA. FCEM will utilize the principles from the Homeland Security Exercise and Evaluation Program (HSEEP) to develop and evaluate exercises. When practical, Franklin County Emergency Management will ensure an after-action report (AAR) is created for each exercise as requested by the host agency or required by state/federal grant stipulations. C. Franklin County Emergency Management will participate in exercises required to maintain compliance with state and federal emergency preparedness programs. D. Exercise participation will alternate as appropriate to include both primary and secondary staff positions in the Emergency Coordination Center to ensure that all potential ECC responders receive adequate training in emergency operations. E. A variety of exercise types will be employed to ensure that an adequate evaluation of preparedness is possible. There are two basic types of exercises – discussion based and operations based: 1. Discussion Based Exercise Types: i. Seminar/Orientation – general introduction to concepts/plans/situation Page 60 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 6: Training and Exercises 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 6 - 3 ii. Workshop – group collaboration to share information and develop written products iii. Tabletop – discussion-based process to validate plans and procedure or to rehearse concepts and systems. 2. Operations Based Exercise Types: i. Drill – task/activity focused testing to validate a specific function or capability. ii. Functional Exercise (FE) - FEs are typically focused on exercising plans, policies, procedures, and staff members involved in management, direction, command, and control functions. iii. Full-Scale Exercise (FSE) - FSE are high stress multi-agency, multi- jurisdictional activities designed to test coordinated responses and rapid problem-solving skills. Page 61 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: HVA 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 1 APPENDIX 7 HAZARD VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Introduction 2 II. County Characteristics 2 III. Hazard Profiles 15 IV. Natural Hazards A. Drought 17 B. Earthquake 22 C. Fire 35 D. Flood 40 E. Land Movement 45 F. Severe Local Storms 51 G. Volcanic Activity 57 V. Technological Hazards A. Dam Failure 66 B. Power Failure and Energy Emergencies 67 C. Radiological Emergencies 69 D. Hazardous Materials 70 E. Aviation Accident 72 F. Mass Casualty Incidents 73 G. Railroad Accident 74 H. Terrorism 76 Page 62 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: HVA 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 2 I. PURPOSE Franklin County Emergency Management (FCEM) is a political subdivision formed through an interlocal agreement between the County and each of the incorporated jurisdictions within the county. As such, FCEM provides emergency management services for each member of the Interlocal Agreement. FCEM provided the vast majority of administrative support for this project. RCW 38.52.070 Emergency Management establishes that preparedness of Franklin County shall be adequate to deal with disasters. The purpose of this hazard analysis is to identify and describe those potential large-scale hazards within Franklin County and to serve as a basis for county level emergency preparedness planning. The information contained in this document was gathered from various reports, newspaper articles, and Emergency Management records and reports. It is intended to present a general overview of the disaster and hazard potential in Franklin County. II. COUNTY CHARACTERISTICS Franklin County is located in the south-central part of the State nestled between the Snake and Columbia Rivers in what is generally known as the Columbia Basin. With a geographical area of 1,242 square miles, Franklin County ranks a modest 27th in size among Washington’s 39 counties. The City of Pasco is the county seat. The County is generally characterized by a rising upland, with an elevation ranging from about 300 feet at its southern end to about 1000 feet in the northeast corner. The County is dry, averaging less than ten inches of rainfall per year. The County is intersected by a major drainage canal called the Esquatzel Coulee, as well as a number of lesser canyons and drainages. The underlying stratigraphy is characterized by numerous volcanic flows of basalt alternating with sands and other loessial materials which accumulated between various periods of volcanic activity. In the 1950's, two major developments fueled regional growth—the Columbia Basin Irrigation Project and McNary Dam. These developments would underscore the rich agricultural potential of the region. With the advent of irrigation not only did agricultural production both boom and diversify, but its related food processing industry also flourished. The area has become one of the nation's leading agricultural production regions. Climate Franklin County is located in the south-central part of the State of Washington. It is bounded on the west and separated from Benton County by the Columbia River. On the south and east it is separated from Walla Walla County by the Snake River and its tributary, the Palouse River. On the north it is bounded by Grant and Adams Counties. The area is arid to semi-arid, receiving an average rainfall of 7 to 9 inches per year. Page 63 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: HVA 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 3 The area averages about 10.3 days of snowfall and 7.5 days of rainfall annually. The median monthly temperatures range from a low of 30.6 degrees Fahrenheit in January to a July high of 75.7 degrees Fahrenheit. High wind velocities, with peak gusts as high as 70 mph or higher can be expected at any time of the year. (Source: National Weather Service – Pendleton website, Interactive Climate Tool) (Source: National Weather Service – Pendleton website, Interactive Climate Tool) Climograph for Pasco 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DECDegrees F0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 InchesAVGTEMP AVGPRECIP Climograph for Ice Harbor Dam 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DECDegrees F0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 InchesAVGTEMP AVGPRECIP Page 64 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: HVA 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 4 (Source: National Weather Service – Pendleton website, Interactive Climate Tool) (Source: National Weather Service – Pendleton website, Interactive Climate Tool) Climograph for Eltopia 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DECDegrees F0.00 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.90 1.00 InchesAVGTEMP AVGPRECIP Climograph for Connell 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 JANFEBMARAPRMAYJUNJULAUGSEPOCTNOVDECMonthDegrees F0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 InchesAVGTEMP AVG PRECIP Page 65 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: HVA 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 5 (Source: National Weather Service – Pendleton website, Interactive Climate Tool) Soils and Geology Franklin County is part of what is referred to as the Columbia Basin Province. The County contains many canyon and cliff features such as Palouse Canyon and Devils Canyon, as well as unique rock formations. Some of the most interesting geographical features are the sand dunes located northeast of Pasco in the Juniper Dunes area off of the Pasco-Kahlotus Road. The County lies at the south end of the Channel Scablands. The geology of Franklin County has been formed by alternate volcanism and flooding. Three of the five geological formations which characterize the entire Columbia River Basalt Group occur in Franklin County. From the youngest to the oldest, these are: • Saddle Mountain Basalt (formed 6-13 million years ago), found primarily in the Mesa area extending southeast and northwest; • The Wanapum Basalt (13.5 to 14 million years old), occurring primarily in the northeast and along the Snake River; and, • Grande Ronde Basalt (15.6 to 17 million years old) found primarily at the eastern border. The Grande Ronde Basalt Formation was formed 15 to 17 million years ago from large eruptions of molten lava, probably from a huge volcano located in the southeastern corner of Washington or northeastern Oregon. Flows associated with the volcano number in the hundreds and vary in thickness from a few inches to about 300 feet. Few sedimentary interbeds are found, indicating relatively short periods between eruptions. The Wanapum Basalt Formation was formed 13.5 to 14 million years ago. Large and numerous linear vents discharging large, but less frequent, amounts of flood lava developed in the same areas as the Grande Ronde Volcano. Sedimentary interbeds were created within and between formations, mainly by the erosion of older rock surrounding the plateau and volcanic material Climograph for North Central County (Hatton Road) 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DECDegrees F0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 InchesAVGTEMP AVGPRECIP Page 66 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: HVA 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 6 associated with the creation of the Cascade Range. Continued deposition of flood basalts between six and thirteen million years ago is called the Saddle Mountain Basalts. These activities, primarily during the Miocene and Pliocene eras, combined with the shed sediments from the rising and volcanically active Cascade Range, form interbedded sedimentary formations within the Columbia River Basalts. These interbeds are of the Ellensburg Formation. Deposition of sedimentary materials continued in the area during the Pleistocene era. These initial deposits are referred to as the Ringold Formation and consist of fluvial (stream) and lacustrine (lake) deposits of silts, sand, and gravel. Late in the Pleistocene Epoch, numerous glacial outwash and flood deposits occurred. These deposits are attributed to catastrophic flooding caused by the breakup of ice dams holding back impoundment, such as Lake Missoula in western Montana. Breakage of these ice dams was responsible for the area north of Franklin County known as the Channel Scablands. Outpouring from these lakes scoured the land, leaving large channels. The flood waters rushed out of Lake Missoula through Spokane, spread out over the basin, and then came together again at Wallula Gap, where a large lake was created, and depositing silt in this area. Wetlands and Floodplains Wetlands The Palouse, Snake, and Columbia Rivers form the east, south, and west boundaries of Franklin County, respectively. Wetlands occur along the margins, side channels, and islands associated with these river systems. In the interior of the County, wetlands occur in low lying areas in the northwest portion of the County, in the vicinity of Eagle Lakes and Scooteney Reservoir. Other important wetland systems occur where subsurface water emerges in coulees and canyons, such as Esquatzel Coulee near Mesa and Washtucna Coulee near Connell and Kahlotus. Areas with a high-water table in Franklin County are also frequently associated with seepage from canals and ditches, irrigation runoff, and created stock ponds. However, these areas are not classified as wetlands under the County’s Growth Management Act, which excludes “artificial wetlands intentionally from non-wetland sites, such as irrigation and drainage ditches, grass- lined swales, canals, detention facilities, wastewater treatment facilities, farm ponds, and landscape amenities”. An inventory of wetlands in Franklin County was completed in order to portray the extent and distribution of wetlands. The Soil Conservation Service, with cooperation from the Franklin Conservation District prepared a detailed soil survey and wetlands inventory for the County, completed in 1995. Floodplains The most severe flooding in the unincorporated areas of the County occurs within the Esquatzel Coulee and Kahlotus Creek during the winter and spring months. This results when either an oversaturated or frozen ground condition occurs with an increase in rainfall and rapid snowmelt runoff. Page 67 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: HVA 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 7 Flood levels can be positively and negatively affected by development projects through increased and decreased runoff from a particular site. It has been noted that since 1956, flood levels within the County have changed due to channel improvements and irrigation projects. Frequently flooded areas are mapped on the FEMA Flood Insurance Rate Maps for Franklin County. These maps should be used to determine if a potential development site is located within the floodplain. Land Use Land use information was obtained from documents and air photos from the Soil Conservation Service, Agricultural Stabilization, Franklin County Conservation District, U.S. Geological Survey, and windshield surveys conducted by County staff. The predominant land use in Franklin County is agriculture, made up of both irrigated and dryland farming. The dryland agriculture is primarily made up of large wheat ranges interspersed with grazing lands. The irrigated farm land is made up of smaller agricultural units, growing everything from corn and potatoes to asparagus. Another use in irrigated blocks is orchards, primarily cherries, apples and grapes. Most recently, cottonwood trees are being grown for the Boise Cascade paper mill at Wallula. In Franklin County, rural lands are those lands that are currently experiencing development pressures and are inappropriate for agricultural uses. These lands run south along the Columbia River and across the northern part of the City of Pasco. The rural element also includes rural service centers that have been identified, such as Merrill's and Mathew's Corners, and rural settlements such as Eltopia, and Basin City (Basin City having an Urban Growth Boundary because it is more of a full-service area - i.e., supporting schools, churches, libraries, etc.) all unincorporated. Population The Washington State Office of Financial Management estimated Franklin County’s 2021 population at 99,500. Franklin County’s population density is approximately 80.14 people per square mile, making it the 14th most densely populated county in Washington in 2021. The following table shows 5-year population estimates up to 2040 from the Washington State OFM. 2025 2030 2035 2040 High 141,164 165,616 192,131 218,538 Medium 113,781 127,443 143,087 158,574 Low 95,607 103,082 112,462 121,639 Table 1: Franklin County Population Projections (Source: Washington State Office of Financial Management 2017 GMA) Transportation Most of the roads in the County are rural farm-to-market roads, but historically have not been all weather roads, thus resulting in road closures and load limits during spring when road break-up can occur. There is very little opportunity in the County, other than in Pasco, for mass transit. There is interest in providing some kind of public transportation, particularly to the elderly and the physically challenged. The general purpose is to provide mobility for the County's citizenry and to enable them to have a choice of living environments. Page 68 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: HVA 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 8 Franklin County is accessible by several modes of transportation. Major highways, railroads, marine ports, and an airport are located in the area. Interstate 182 connects the county with major markets to the east and west. US 395 is the primary north-south highway and runs through the middle of the county passing through the three largest cities in the county. There is one airfield in Franklin County operated by the Port of Pasco. The Tri-Cities Airport has three runways, the two runways for commercial aviation are 7,700 feet in length and the non- instrumented general aviation runway is 4,425 feet in length. Due to COVID-19, the airport travel has dramatically been impacted. Tri-Cities Airport roughly averages 500,000 enplanements, but expects to increase once the pandemic impact wanes. The Port of Pasco also has waterfront facilities that service barge traffic. Burlington Northern- Santa Fe Railroad operates a major switching yard in Pasco along the main north-south rail line that connects the Tri-Cities to Spokane and Portland. Business and Industry For many years the local economy of Franklin County has its economic foundation based around the agricultural industry with an estimated 772 farms in the county (Mar 2021 Snapshot). In terms of crop production, Franklin County ranks high in the state for potato, carrot, asparagus alfalfa, grass seed, onions, sweet corn and milk production. Additionally, Franklin County is one of the larger producers of beef. Franklin County farms also produce a variety of orchard crops such as apples, cherries, peaches, apricots, grapes, nectarines, and pears. As the population of the county has increased over the past 20 years, a greater percentage of the local economy has shifted toward service-based companies. Shopping malls, motels, and restaurants are replacing farmland. The city of Pasco has been one of the fastest growing areas in the state. Page 69 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: HVA 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 9 Maps NOTE: The following pages contain a variety of maps and charts that are designed to help the reader better understand the demographics, layout and environment of Franklin County. Page 70 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: HVA 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 10 Figure 1: Franklin County Base Map Page 71 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: HVA 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 11 Figure 2: Population Density per Acre by Census Block Page 72 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: HVA 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 12 Figure 3: Comprehensive Plan Boundaries Page 73 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: HVA 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 13 Figure 4: National Wetlands Inventory by Classification Type Page 74 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: HVA 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 14 Figure 5: Geologically Hazardous Areas Page 75 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: HVA 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 15 III. HAZARD PROFILES Hazard Rating Process Since 1960-2017, Franklin County has experienced 173 Hazard Events, with 40 casualties, with $35.1 million dollars in property damage and $13.2 million in crop damages. Although data has been collected for all of the hazards listed below, this plan only addresses mitigation initiatives for natural hazards. The Executive Steering Committee may elect to broaden the mitigation initiatives addressed by this plan at a later date. Drought Earthquake Fire Flood Gas service loss Hazardous materials accident Land movement Power loss Radiological incident Telecommunications system failure Water service loss Wildfire Severe Storm Volcanic activity To begin the risk analysis process, each jurisdiction used a subjective evaluation based on historical events by assigning numerical values for each hazard based upon the following risk categories: Area(s) impacted by the hazard 1 2 3 4 <5% area impacted 5% to 10% area impacted 25% to 50% area impacted >50% area impacted Probability of Health and Safety consequences 0 1 2 3 No impact Few injuries/illnesses Few fatalities, but many injuries/illnesses Numerous fatalities Probability of Property damaged/destroyed 0 1 2 3 No damage Few destroyed – Few damaged Few destroyed-many damaged or Few damaged/many destroyed Many destroyed and damaged Probability of Environmental damage 0 1 2 3 Little to no damage Resources damaged with short-term recovery Resources damaged with long-term recovery Resources destroyed beyond recovery Probability of Economic disruption 0 1 2 3 No economic impact Low direct and/or low indirect costs High direct – low indirect costs/Low direct – high indirect costs High direct & High indirect costs Probability of Occurrence 1 2 3 4 5 Unknown but rare occurrence Unknown but anticipate an occurrence 100 years or less occurrence 25 years or less occurrence Once a year or more occurrence For each hazard, the numerical values for each risk category were totaled (with a maximum possible score of 22). Once the total numerical value for each natural hazard was calculated the totaled value was assigned a LOW/MEDIUM/HIGH rank to determine the risk rating for each: TOTAL HAZARD RATING: 0 – 7 LOW 8 – 15 MEDIUM 16 – 22 HIGH Page 76 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: HVA 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 16 Even though Franklin County is subjected to a number of natural and technological type of hazards, they have been historically short in duration and haven’t reached the catastrophic level. There have been some events that have had significant impact on crops, roads, and grazing land, but they are usually limited to specific areas and haven’t critically impacted the entire area/county/city. In a statewide analysis, Franklin County has an overall Hazard Risk Index of Medium-Low as depicted below and in the SEHMP – 10/2018. County Avalanche Costal Hazard Drought Earthquake Flood Landslide Severe Weather Tsunamis Volcano Wildfires Overall Risk Franklin N/A N/A HIGH MEDIUM- LOW MEDIUM- HIGH MEDIUM- LOW HIGH N/A N/A LOW MEDIUM- LOW Image from Washington State Enhanced Hazard Mitigation Plan 10/2018– Overall Hazard Risk Index (10/17/2018 pg. 53) Following is a breakout of specific types of hazards and their risk index as it pertains specifically to Franklin County. Page 77 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: HVA 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 17 IV. NATURAL HAZARDS A. DROUGHT DEFINITIONS: Drought is an extended period of abnormally low precipitation; a condition of climate dryness that is severe enough to reduce soil moisture as well as water and snow levels below the minimum necessary for sustaining plant, animal, and economic systems. BACKGROUND INFORMATION: While drought originates from a deficiency of precipitation over an extended period of time, usually a season or more; drought is also related to the timing and the intensity or number of rainfall events. Other climactic factors such as high temperature, high wind, and low relative humidity are associated with drought in many regions of the world and can significantly aggravate the severity of a drought. Drought differs from aridity, a permanent climactic feature common to regions with low rainfall. In 1989, the Washington State Legislature gave permanent drought relief authority to the Department of Ecology and enabled them to issue orders declaring drought emergencies. (RCW 43.83B.400-430 and Chapter 173-166 WAC) In Washington State, the statutory criteria for drought is a water supply below 75% of normal and a shortage expected to create undue hardship for some water users. HISTORY: Even in the Evergreen State, droughts are a natural part of the climate cycle. In the last century, there have been a number of drought episodes, including several that have lasted for more than a single season, such as the dry periods between 1928-1932 and 1992-1994. Severe drought episodes occurred in 1977, 2001, 2014 and 2015. The 1977 event set records for low precipitation, snow-pack, and stream flow totals that still stand today. The 2001 event was the second-worst drought year in state recorded history. Washington State usually experiences drought during a regional climate event characterized by a period of below-normal precipitation. While Franklin County has experienced some periods of drought in the past, these events are typically low to moderate in severity and relatively short in duration. The agricultural industry usually experiences the greatest impact from a drought event in Franklin County. Rainfall for eastern Washington during the 2001 water year was approximately 30% below normal. On March 14, 2001, after several months of record low precipitation, Governor Gary Locke authorized the Department of Ecology (Ecology) to declare a statewide drought emergency. Washington was the first Northwest state to make a drought declaration. Due to above-average precipitation in the final two months of the year, the drought emergency formally expired on December 31, 2001. The National Weather Service reported that the winter of 2000- 01 was the driest since 1976-1977. It was also one of the five driest in the past 100 years. Page 78 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: HVA 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 18 Washington State Drought Occurrences (Information obtained from Washington State Military Department, Emergency Management Division) Date Occurrence July-August 1921 Drought in all agricultural sections. June-August 1922 The statewide precipitation averaged .10 inches. March-August 1924 Lack of soil moisture retarded germination of spring wheat. July 1925 Drought occurred in Washington. July 21-Aug 25, 1926 Little or no rainfall was reported. June 1928-March 1929 Most stations averaged less than 20 percent of normal rainfall for August and September and less than 60 percent for nine months. July-August 1930 Drought affected the entire state. Most weather stations averaged 10 percent or less of normal precipitation. April 1934-March 1937 The longest drought in the region's history – the driest periods were April-August 1934, September-December 1935, and July-January 1936-1937. 1944 Water shortages in Spokane. Spring, 1966 The entire state was dry. June-August 1967 Drought occurred in Washington. January-August 1973 Dry in the Cascades. October 1976 - September 1977 Below normal precipitation in Olympia, Seattle, and Yakima. Crop yields were below normal and ski resorts closed for much of the 1976-77 ski season. October 1991 – September 1994 Water supply in Yakima River Basin was 65 percent of normal. 2000 - 2001 Governor Gary Locke authorized the Department of Ecology (Ecology) to declare a statewide drought emergency. National Weather Service reported that the winter of 2000-01 was the driest since 1976-1977. It was also one of the five driest in the past 100 years. 2015 Governor Jay Inslee authorized the Department of Ecology (Ecology) to declare a statewide drought emergency. National Weather Service reported that the water levels were below 75% of normal levels. 2019 Department of Ecology declared a drought emergency for Washington State in accordance with RCW 43.83B. 2021 Department of Ecology declared a drought emergency for Washington State in accordance with RCW 43.83B. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION: When a drought begins, the agricultural sector that depends heavily on water that is stored in the soil, such as dry land wheat farmers, are usually the first sector to experience the effects of a drought. Soil water can be rapidly depleted during extended dry periods. If precipitation deficiencies continue, then people dependent on other sources of water will begin to feel the effects of the shortage. Those who rely on surface water (reservoirs and lakes) and subsurface water (ground water), for example, are usually the last to be affected. A short-term drought that Page 79 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: HVA 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 19 persists for 3 to 6 months may have little impact on these sectors, depending on the characteristics of the hydrologic system and water use requirements. When precipitation returns to normal and meteorological drought conditions have abated, the sequence is repeated for the recovery of surface and subsurface water supplies. Soil water reserves are replenished first, followed by stream-flow, reservoirs and lakes, and ground water. Drought impacts may diminish rapidly in the agricultural sector because of its reliance on soil water, but linger for months or even years in other sectors dependent on stored surface or subsurface supplies. Ground water users, often the last to be affected by drought during its onset, may be last to experience a return to normal water levels. The length of the recovery period is a function of the intensity of the drought, its duration, and the quantity of precipitation received as the episode terminates. The following list is a compilation of comments and suggestions made by various stakeholders and the public regarding possible problems that could result from a drought. In addition to a possible shortage of water in some areas of the county as well as likely damage to agricultural crops, a drought in Franklin County could potentially result in the following: • Inadequate river flow volumes to support fish. • Long-term burn bans throughout the county. • An increase in the potential risk of wildland fires, wildland-urban interface fires, and cropland fires from a variety of natural and human-caused sources including the discharge of fireworks. • Increased energy and food costs. VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT: The agricultural industry is the most vulnerable to the impacts of a drought event in Franklin County. The agricultural industry relies on a consistent and ample water supply. Annual crops may be damaged or lost in a single growing season but usually rebound with normal precipitation amounts the following year. Farmers and orchardists that use irrigation water from the Columbia Basin irrigation project are less susceptible to the early effects of a short-term drought. However, they may start to experience drought affects if the dry period extends much past six months. In order to make up for water shortages, some farmers, orchardists, and even municipal water systems have backup wells or have the ability to pump water directly from the Columbia or Snake River system or through irrigation canals. A severe drought may result in a moderate number of wells going dry. The potable water supply for most of Franklin County’s citizens (about 70%) is obtained from the Columbia River through the City of Pasco’s municipal water system. The remaining people get their potable water from private or community wells. The effects of an extreme, long-term drought could result in less aquifer discharge thereby resulting in the implementation of strict water conservation measures for those dependent on wells. This is something that the majority of the population of Franklin County is not familiar with. Page 80 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: HVA 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 20 A drought lasting for more than one season would most likely reduce the annual snow-pack normally accumulated in the Canadian mountains thereby reducing normal river flows in the Columbia and Snake Rivers. A substantial reduction in river flow could severely impact the generation of electricity from the hydro-electric dams located on the Columbia and Snake Rivers. A reduction in hydro-electric generation would likely result in increased electricity rates for all residents, farms, and businesses in the area. In addition to the elevated electricity rates, reduced hydro-electric power generation will result in increased non-hydro power generation which will drive the price of diesel and natural gas sharply upward. The higher energy prices mean higher costs for transport of farm product, increased costs for processing and storage as well as higher fertilizer prices. Besides the higher costs for agriculture, we can expect a higher number of job losses, too. According to the Washington State Hazard Identification and Vulnerability Assessment (HIVA), three energy curtailments during drought periods prior to 1977 caused temporary increase in the unemployment rate. Due to a drastic increase in electricity rates in 2001, several large manufacturing plants in some Washington counties closed their businesses and laid off many employees. A severe, long-term drought would no doubt have the same effect on large business and industry that rely on large amounts of electrical power and/or water to operate. A severe drought could cause reduced river flows thereby creating a major impact on local salmon runs due to potentially warmer waters and low water levels. Recreational use of the lakes and rivers in Franklin County would suffer as well. In addition, rural settlements and residential areas bordering wildland could be at risk from wildfires ignited by lightening or intentional human actions. According to the Washington State Enhanced Hazard Mitigation Plan (SEHMP) 10/2018– Drought Risk Index (10/17/2018 pg. 76), Franklin County is one of the ten counties most at-risk and vulnerable to drought. This rating was based on the history of drought in our county, the demand for water resources (agricultural and potable), and an inability to endure the economic challenges associated with a drought. PROBABILITY and RISK: Based on historical evidence, there is a MODERATE-HIGH PROBABILITY of a drought occurring in Franklin County but a HIGH RISK associated with such an event due to the typical duration of the historical droughts and the susceptibility of the agricultural community to the direct and indirect effects of a drought in Franklin County. CONCLUSION: Rainfall amounts vary greatly within Franklin County. According to the Western Regional Climate Center, Connell receives an average of 8.4 inches annually, Pasco receives an average of 7.6 inches annually, Lower Monumental Dam receives an average annual rainfall of 9.7 inches annually, Ice Harbor Dam receives an average annual rainfall of 10.3 inches annually, the Hatton Road area (northwest of Kahlotus) receives an average annual rainfall of 10.1 inches annually, and the Eltopia area receives an average of 8.1 inches annually. The majority of annual precipitation occurs during November through March with the months of June through Page 81 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: HVA 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 21 September being the driest. Franklin County potable water supplies, for the most part, are relatively resistant to short-term drought episodes. Should a severe, long-term drought occur, it will be vital that local elected officials and governmental agencies work cooperatively with the Washington State Department of Health, the Washington State Department of Agriculture and the Washington State Department of Ecology to help ensure efforts are make to protect public water supplies, aid agriculture and local industry, and safeguard fish and river flows. The SEHMP-10/2018 has Franklin County rated HIGH on the risk index for Drought: Image and table from Washington State Enhanced Hazard Mitigation Plan 10/2018– Drought Risk Index (10/17/2018 pg. 75) County Area Population Vulnerable Population Built Environment Critical Infrastructure State Facilities 1st Responder Facilities Drought Risk Index Franklin MEDIUM - HIGH HIGH MEDIUM - HIGH HIGH Page 82 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: HVA 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 22 B. EARTHQUAKE DEFINITIONS: Earthquake – A sudden slip on a fault and the resulting ground shaking and radiated seismic energy caused by the slip; or by volcanic or magmatic activity; or other sudden stress changes in the earth. Epicenter – The point on the earth’s surface vertically above the focus, the point in the crust where a seismic rupture begins. Focus – The point within the earth where an earthquake rupture starts. Liquefaction – A process by which water-saturated sediment temporarily loses strength and acts as a fluid similar to when a person wiggles their toes in the wet sand near the water at a beach. Seiche – The sloshing action of an enclosed body or partially enclosed body of water from earthquake shaking. BACKGROUND INFORMATION: Washington ranks second in the nation (after California) among states susceptible to earthquake loss according to a Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) study. More than 1,000 earthquakes are recorded in the state annually, the vast majority of these occurring west of the Cascade Mountains. Most of these earthquakes are so small that only very sensitive instruments can detect them – a small number of these earthquakes cause shaking and occasional damage. Depending upon the magnitude and depth of an earthquake, the effects of an earthquake can be felt over large geographical areas. Large oceanic and continental tectonic plates move over the surface of the earth at a rate of a few centimeters each year. Where these plates collide stresses build up eventually releasing energy as earthquakes. HISTORY: Of the many earthquakes that occur in our region on an annual basis, very few are large enough to cause ground shaking and property damage. Eastern Washington has experienced damaging earthquakes in the past. Since 1872, there have only been two significant earthquakes (∃magnitude 5); the Lake Chelan (magnitude 7.2) in 1872 and the Stateline (magnitude 6.1) earthquake near Walla Walla in 1936. However, since 1997, there have been 19 notable (greater than magnitude 3) earthquakes in eastern Washington. In recent years, geologists have discovered evidence that large earthquakes have occurred repeatedly in the past. The interval between these large earthquakes is estimated to range from hundreds to thousands of years. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION: In recent years, scientists have greatly expanded their knowledge concerning the seismic vulnerability of the Pacific Northwest region. Seismologists have identified three distinct sources of earthquakes. Page 83 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: HVA 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 23 Shallow (crustal zone) earthquakes that occur along near surface faults and fractures within the Earth’s crust at depths less than 30 Kilometers. These are the type of earthquake that eastern Washington would experience. Shallow earthquakes with magnitudes of up to 7 on the Richter scale can happen anywhere in southeastern Washington. Fortunately, great crustal earthquakes are quite rare and occur perhaps only once every 1,000 years. Deep (intraplate) earthquakes that occur from faulting in the sub ducting (Juan de Fuca) plate, usually at depths between 50 and 70 kilometers of the Earth’s surface. Deep or intraplate earthquakes with magnitudes ranging from 6 to 7 (or greater) on the Richter scale are of concern in western Washington. Subduction (Subduction Zone) earthquakes are caused by the release of the friction and stresses generated as two converging tectonic plates slide past one another. The world’s greatest earthquakes are observed at subduction zone boundaries. Subduction earthquakes have the potential of being large quakes (with magnitudes exceeding 8 on the Richter scale) that may affect a large geographical area and may be accompanied by tsunamis and large aftershocks. Subduction zone earthquakes are a major concern to the greater Puget Sound region but not to eastern Washington. Earthquakes cause damage primarily by strong ground shaking and secondarily from the effects of ground failures as well as tsunamis and seiches. One of the largest seiches ever experienced in Washington happened upstream of Grand Coulee Dam in the Roosevelt Reservoir on the Columbia River (Weaver, 2004.) A large landslide fell into the Columbia River and generated a fifty-foot wave. Ground failures caused by earthquakes include fault rupture, ground cracking, slumps, landslides, rock falls, liquefaction, uplift and subsidence. As a rule, the severity of ground shaking generally decreases with distance from the earthquake source. Given an earthquake of a certain magnitude, the severity of ground shaking will generally lessen the farther you are located from the epicenter of the earthquake or the deeper the earthquake occurs. Also, the type of soil in the affected area is another factor in how damaging an earthquake will be. Structures sitting on stiff rock are less likely to receive damage than structures sitting on sandy soils. The National Earthquake Hazard Reduction program (NEHRP) has developed a soil classification system that is used to help determine damage susceptibility based upon how the particular soil reacts to shear wave velocities experienced during an earthquake. Class Site Class Description A Hard Rock (Eastern U. S. only) B Rock C Very Dense Soil and Soft Rock D Stiff Soils E Soft Soils F Soils Requiring Site Specific Evaluations Table 2: NEHRP Soil Type Classifications Following the Nisqually Earthquake in February 2001, the Department of Natural Resources (DNR) received grant funding through the Hazard Mitigation Grant Program (HMGP) (FEMA- Page 84 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: HVA 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 24 1361-DRWA). This grant requires the Division of Geology and Earth Resources to develop statewide liquefaction susceptibility and NEHRP soil type maps. Earthquake hazard maps such as these support hazard mitigation, emergency planning and response, planning of local zoning ordinances, and building code enforcement. The following figures display the preliminary findings of their efforts for Franklin County. Faults and Folds are the geologic features that are of greatest concern when determining earthquake risk. They are the likely locations from which we would experience thrust earthquakes. There are only a few known faults that have been identified in southeastern Washington; the Rattlesnake Hills Fault, Umtanum Ridge System, Wallula Fault, Saddle Mountain Fault, Hite Fault, and the Horse Heaven Hills Fault to name a few. The Saddle Mountain fault is only fault that actually crosses into Franklin County. Page 85 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: HVA 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 25 Figure 6: NEHRP Soil Types in Franklin County Page 86 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: HVA 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 26 Figure 7: Preliminary Liquefaction Susceptibility in Franklin County Page 87 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: HVA 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 27 The following list is a compilation of comments and suggestions made by various stakeholders and the public regarding possible problems that could result from an earthquake. In addition to damaging homes, businesses, property, and the environment, an earthquake in Franklin County could potentially result in the following: • Utilities (above and below ground) including telephone, electricity, natural gas, water, and sewer as well as private wells and water systems could be damaged or destroyed. • Transportation routes and/or systems including roads, bridges, and railroad transport may be damaged or destroyed. • Emergency services could be totally overwhelmed and not able to respond to emergency situations due to damaged facilities and/or equipment, a lack of personnel, or damaged transportation routes. • Critical facilities such as 9-1-1 centers, hospitals, emergency operations centers, fire stations, water treatment plants, and wastewater treatment facilities may be damaged or destroyed. • Large areas of the county may be subject to liquefaction and/or land movement causing even greater damage in certain areas. Frenchman Hills Faults and Folds Saddle Mountains Faults and Folds Umtanum Ridge-Central Gable Mountain System Rattlesnake Hills structures Horse Heaven Hills structures Wallula Fault System Buroler Faults Hite Fault System Unnamed NW striking fault Figure 8: Quaternary Faults and Folds in Southeastern Washington Page 88 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: HVA 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 28 • Large hazardous materials incidents may occur as the result of damage to local petroleum and chemical storage facilities. • The dike along the Columbia River as well as irrigation canals throughout the county may be damaged. • Seiche effects might cause severe erosion of the cliffs and shorelines on the rivers. • The arrival of outside resources to assist with debris removal, repair of critical facilities, and sheltering of victims may be delayed due to severe damage in adjacent counties with larger populations and needs. The overall economy of the county and possibly the region could be affected. VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT: In the simplest of terms … the entire population is vulnerable to the effects and impacts of a moderate (magnitude 6 – 6.5) earthquake. The location of structures on soils of concern adds to the likelihood of damaging effects. Liquefaction of these soils as the result of a large earthquake is a serious concern. In addition, all commercial and residential buildings, government infrastructure, transportation systems, communication systems, utilities, and ultimately, the overall economy of Franklin County are vulnerable to the effects and impacts of a large earthquake. The time of day at which an earthquake occurs is critical. Greater numbers of people are away from their homes and separated from other family members during commute times or during the regular business day thereby increasing the level of chaos in the event of a major earthquake. Possible types of damage from an earthquake may include but will probably not be limited to: • Cracking and/or structural failure of foundations, chimneys, decorative cornices, parapet walls, and cantilevered porches or roofs. • Wall failure in older buildings of non-reinforced masonry construction. • Damage to waterfront buildings and piers built on pilings and artificial fill. • Structural damage or failure of bridges and overpasses. • Damage to streets and roads. • Damage to railways and airport facilities. • Broken water lines, natural gas lines, and natural gas/gasoline pipelines. • Power and communication failures due to damage of electrical and telephone distribution systems. In the event that an earthquake causes considerable damage, grocery stores, banks, gasoline stations, and similar services may be closed. In addition, citizens should expect and prepare in advance for a significant delay in fire, emergency medical, law enforcement, and other day-today government services. As a general rule, citizens should be prepared to survive on their own for a minimum of three days following a large magnitude earthquake that causes major damage to transportation and communication systems as well as roads and bridges. In the event of a major earthquake, large areas of Franklin County lying within the floodplains of the Esquatzel Coulee and Columbia River are susceptible to liquefaction. In addition, steep and/or unstable slopes in various locations throughout the county are susceptible to landslides. Page 89 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: HVA 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 29 Bridges and overpasses are the most vulnerable component of highway transportation systems and the loss of bridges and overpasses will have a direct effect on the delivery of emergency services to a large number of Franklin County citizens. According to the local Washington State Department of Transportation manager, the primary bridges have been built to resist the effects of earthquakes. In addition, all overpasses located along the I-182/US 12 and US 395 corridors are maintained by the state. The bridges listed below are state maintained bridges in Franklin County: Cable Bridge (US 397) Blue Bridge (US 395) Interstate 182 Bridge Snake River Bridge (US 12) Lyons Ferry Bridge (SR 261) Franklin County maintains 82 bridges and 19 box culverts within the county road system. All of these structures span irrigation canals. Of the 101 spans, 31 have overload restrictions and another 5 are posted and have specific weight restrictions. All county bridges built in the last 10 years have been built to Federal standards. All future new construction, repairs and overhauls will bring the remaining structures up to Federal standards. In addition to the potential loss of bridges, numerous roads may be damaged or otherwise unusable due to soil liquefaction, landslides, severe ground cracking, uplifting, or subsidence. Railways are also highly vulnerable to soil liquefaction, landslides, severe ground cracking, uplifting, and subsidence. Railway routes in Franklin County are owned and operated by the Burlington Northern-Santa Fe Railroad. In Franklin County, these routes are located along the US 395 corridor. We are all dependent upon pipelines for the delivery and distribution of natural gas, gasoline, potable water and the disposal of wastewater. All of the incorporated cities water systems are somewhat vulnerable to the effects of a major earthquake. In addition to water, wastewater, and natural gas distribution lines, several major transmission pipelines carrying gasoline are located within Franklin County. Chevron Company owns and operates a fuel storage tank facility and pump station within the City of Pasco. This facility has numerous storage tanks containing large quantities of petroleum products. During earthquake events ground movement may cause connecting piping to break and the liquids contained in these tanks may slosh resulting in partial or complete failure of the tanks. Upon tank failure, these liquid fuels may explode and burn. There are several dams located in Franklin County. The two largest with the most potential for disaster are the Lower Monumental Dam and Ice Harbor Dam on the Snake River. These are under the auspices of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE.) They have regulatory requirements for inspections and emergency planning. In addition, there are several earth-fill dams in Franklin County. The majority of these dams are small, are located in sparsely populated or remote areas, and would have a minor impact on nearby areas should a failure occur. However, there are two dams that are a concern to Franklin County citizens. These are Page 90 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: HVA 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 30 the Lamb-Weston Dam in Connell and the Bureau of Reclamations WB5 Wasteway Detention Dam northwest of Basin City. The Washington State Emergency Management Division performed three loss estimation runs specific to Franklin County using the HAZUS – MH modeling software. The modeling software uses a variety of database information (Census, Dunn & Bradstreet, etc.) and engineering calculations to generate an approximate “picture” of what damage is likely to occur as well as numbers of casualties, structural damage estimates and dollar values of the damage. The scenarios involved a shallow, daytime earthquake measuring magnitude 6.5 that originated in each of the three fault systems that surround Franklin County; the Rattlesnake-Wallula fault system located in Benton and Walla Walla counties, the Saddle Mountain fault system located in northwestern Franklin and southern Grant counties, and the Horse Heaven Hills fault system located in southern Benton County. The HAZUS-MH program ran simulations on each of these scenarios and the results are shown in the figures that follow. The area was divided up by Census Blocks. The results were calculated in PGA (peak ground acceleration) which measures ground acceleration (or shaking.) The “hotter” the color on the map the more severe the ground shaking. A separate report in HAZAUS-MH estimated that the economic losses from damage to buildings, building contents, business interruptions and lifelines would be about $400 million. It also estimated that there would be up to 10 deaths, 50-60 people would require hospitalization, and several hundred would require medical aid. Page 91 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: HVA 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 31 Direct Economic Losses for Buildings Capital Stock Losses (thousands of dollars) Income Losses (thousands of dollars) Cost Structural Damage Cost Non- structural Damage Cost Contents Damage Inventory Loss Loss Ratio % Relocation Loss Capital related Loss Wages Loss Rental Income Loss Total Loss 2,435 7,467 2,494 90 0.45 73 604 814 816 14,792 Building Damage by Count by General Occupancy Occupancy Category Number of Buildings None Slight Moderate Extensive Complete Total Agriculture 13 1 0 0 0 14 Commercial 103 12 7 1 0 123 Education 1 0 0 0 0 1 Government 7 1 0 0 0 8 Industrial 7 1 1 0 0 9 Religion 5 1 0 0 0 6 Other Residential 2,647 421 255 20 1 3,344 Single Family 9,061 493 74 5 0 9,633 Total County 11,834 930 337 26 1 13,128 Figure 9: Rattlesnake-Wallula magnitude 6.5 earthquake ground shaking severity by Census Block. Page 92 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: HVA 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 32 Direct Economic Losses for Buildings Capital Stock Losses (thousands of dollars) Income Losses (thousands of dollars) Cost Structural Damage Cost Non- structural Damage Cost Contents Damage Inventory Loss Loss Ratio % Relocation Loss Capital related Loss Wages Loss Rental Income Loss Total Loss 10,847 34,462 12,779 352 2.07 293 2,911 4,079 3,821 69,544 Building Damage by Count by General Occupancy Occupancy Category Number of Buildings None Slight Moderate Extensive Complete Total Agriculture 12 1 1 0 0 14 Commercial 67 22 24 9 1 123 Education 1 0 0 0 0 1 Government 4 1 2 1 0 8 Industrial 5 2 2 1 0 10 Religion 4 1 1 0 0 6 Other Residential 1,987 606 591 146 14 3,344 Single Family 7,765 1,444 377 45 2 9,633 Total County 9,844 2,078 998 200 18 13,138 Figure 10: Horse Heaven Hills magnitude 6.5 earthquake ground shaking severity by Census Block Page 93 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: HVA 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 33 Direct Economic Losses for Buildings Capital Stock Losses (thousands of dollars) Income Losses (thousands of dollars) Cost Structural Damage Cost Non- structural Damage Cost Contents Damage Inventory Loss Loss Ratio % Relocation Loss Capital related Loss Wages Loss Rental Income Loss Total Loss 1,722 4,858 1,479 55 0.30 46 279 362 441 9,242 Building Damage by Count by General Occupancy Occupancy Category Number of Buildings None Slight Moderate Extensive Complete Total Agriculture 12 1 1 0 0 14 Commercial 111 8 4 1 0 124 Education 1 0 0 0 0 1 Government 8 0 0 0 0 8 Industrial 8 1 0 0 0 9 Religion 5 0 0 0 0 5 Other Residential 2,642 406 268 26 1 3,343 Single Family 9,200 373 55 4 0 9,632 Total County 11,987 789 328 31 1 13,136 Figure 11: Saddle Mountain magnitude 6.5 earthquake ground shaking severity by Census Block Page 94 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: HVA 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 34 PROBABILITY and RISK: Because of the infrequency of such devastating events, there is a MODERATE PROBABILITY for a potentially damaging earthquake to occur that would result in many people being injured or killed and damaging private property, government infrastructure and the local economy. However, there is a MODERATE RISK to the citizens, infrastructure, and economy of Franklin County should such an earthquake occur. CONCLUSION: It is difficult to identify any part of Franklin County that would not be vulnerable to a moderate- large earthquake. The citizens of Franklin County need to be knowledgeable and understand the earthquake risk we all live with on a daily basis. Future population increases and urban development will require that Franklin County continually re-assess the earthquake hazard. The SEHMP – 10/2018 has Franklin County indexed at a Medium-Low risk for earthquake. The SEHMP has Franklin County rated at a Medium-Low risk index for earthquake as depicted in the map above and rated in the table below: Image from Washington State Enhanced Hazard Mitigation Plan 10/2018– Earthquake Risk Index (10/17/2018 pg. 81) County Area Population Vulnerable Population Built Environment Critical Infrastructure State Facilities 1st Responder Facilities Earthquake Risk Index Franklin LOW LOW HIGH LOW LOW MEDIUM LOW MEDIUM - LOW Page 95 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 35 C. FIRE DEFINITIONS: Structure Fire – a fire of accidental or human-caused origin that results in the uncontrolled destruction of homes, businesses, and other structures in populated, urban or suburban areas. Wildland Fire – a fire of exposure or human-caused origin that results in the uncontrolled destruction of forests, field crops and grasslands. Wildland-Urban Interface – a fire of natural or human-caused origin that occurs in or near forest or grassland areas where isolated homes, subdivisions, and small communities are also located. NOTE: This section consolidates the information from the Franklin County Community Wildfire Protection Plan, 2014. For detailed information please refer to that document. BACKGROUND INFORMATION: Franklin County experiences three types of fire threats: structure fires, wildland fires, and wildland-urban interface fires. Structure fires do not typically pose a great threat to the community except when the fire spreads to other nearby structures and quickly expands to a size that could threaten large numbers of people and overwhelm local fire resources. Wildland fires are a natural part of the ecosystem in Washington State. However, wildfires can present a substantial hazard to resources, life and property. Statistics show that on an annual basis, an average of 905 wildland fires burn 6,488 acres resulting in a resource loss of $2,103,884 in Washington State. Most wildland fires are started by human causes including discarded cigarettes, the discharge of fireworks, outdoor burning and deliberate acts of arson. Many of these fires are usually extinguished in their initial stages being less than one acre in area. Depending upon weather, topography, fuels accumulation and other factors, wildland fires can spread rapidly to hundreds or thousands of acres and may require hundreds of firefighters working several weeks to extinguish. One challenge Franklin County faces regarding the wildfire hazard is from the increasing number of homes being built in the urban/rural fringe (known as the wildland-urban interface). Due to a growing population and the desire of some persons to live in rural or isolated areas or on hillsides with scenic views, development continues to expand further and further into traditional open space lands. Wildfires occur primarily in undeveloped areas; these natural lands contain dense vegetation such as grasslands or agricultural croplands. Because of their distance from firefighting resources and personnel, these fires can be difficult to contain and can cause a great deal of destruction. Lightning and human carelessness are the primary causes of wildland fires. Fortunately, due to the availability of fire protection capabilities and our irrigated landscape, large-scale wildland fires are rare in Franklin County. The potential exists for individual fires to spread and merge together to form a firestorm covering vast amounts of area. The involved area becomes so hot that all combustible materials ignite, even if they are not exposed directly to flames. As the fire becomes larger, it has the capacity to create its own local weather as superheated air and hot combustion gases rise upward over the fire zone, drawing surface winds from all sides, often at velocities approaching 50 miles per hour. In exceptionally Page 96 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 36 large events, the rising column of heated air and combustion gases carries enough soot and particulate matter into the upper atmosphere to create a locally intense thunderstorm thereby increasing the possibility of additional lightning strikes. HISTORY: Franklin County has been fairly fortunate in that it hasn’t experienced any truly large-scale, disastrous fires. Although Franklin County typically has a few fires that occur on rural lands each year, almost all of these fires are extremely small (less than 5 acres in size.) The majority of these fires involve minimal resources and response costs are typically low. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION: Unlike other disaster events, the direct effects of even a large fire are generally limited to the immediate area where the fire occurred. However, the community’s normal as well as emergency services may be affected as large numbers of agencies and individual responders focus their efforts on the fire. Adjacent fire agencies may be asked for assistance in one form or another and access to a city’s business district may be restricted or closed and the influx of sightseers and media personnel can further add to the disruption. Furthermore, since most fire fighters in Franklin County are volunteers, large fire events could significantly affect not only their lives but their source of employment should economic impacts continue. Evacuation of a fire zone is one of the first tasks that may need to be undertaken by emergency responders. Depending upon the size of the fire zone, the population density of the area, and the number of persons needing emergency shelter, evacuation efforts may have a significant effect on other parts of the community. The fire season in Franklin County can begin as early as mid- April and continue through October though unusually dry periods can extend the fire season. The possibility of a wildland fire depends on fuel availability, topography, the time of year, weather, and activities such as debris burning, land clearing, camping, and recreation. In Washington State, wildland fires start most often in lawns, fields or other open areas, and along transportation routes. Due to their size and complexity, large fires can put a tremendous strain on a wide variety of agencies and jurisdictions within the area that the fire occurs and local resources could be quickly overwhelmed in dealing with the impacts of a large fire. Those persons living or doing business in the area of a large fire could be affected in several ways. Access to the area will probably be controlled or entry may be denied entirely. If a recreational area is involved, this closure may have a severe impact on tourist industry business. In many cases, evacuations may be necessary if the fire directly threatens residential or commercial areas or in the event health issues could result from heavy volumes of smoke associated with large fires. VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT: Those persons living in interface areas are most vulnerable to wildland or wildland-urban interface fires. Within Franklin County, approximately 85% of the land area is used for agricultural purposes. All of these areas are vulnerable to wildland or wildland-urban interface fires. The potential for large wildland fires in Franklin County can be termed as moderate. Risk assessments should be accomplished by the use of the national standard NFPA-299 for standardization of the risk potential. Irrigated farmlands, improved fire spotting techniques, Page 97 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 37 better equipment, and trained personnel are major factors in the fairly small number of wildland fires that have occurred in the county. Most of the land areas of Franklin County receive about 8-10 inches of rainfall annually with some areas receiving a little less. This dry climate and the frequent occurrence of strong, dry winds can cause natural fire fuels to reach a combustible state. Additionally, high summer temperatures coupled with seasonal low rainfall amounts sometimes lead to summer drought conditions in the agricultural industry. These conditions are reached more often than most people realize. Luckily, there has been a lack of ignition during times of serious fire danger in Franklin County. However, the absence of large fires coupled with reduced burning has also resulted in greater fuel loading which could lead to a catastrophic fire given the right set of conditions. Should a wildland fire or wildland-urban interface fire occur, the impacts of the fire would vary greatly with the size and location of the fire, the weather, and time of year. It is unlikely that a major wildland or wildland- urban interface fire would seriously impact Franklin County as a whole. In the event of a large wildland or wildland-urban interface fire, additional resources could be requested through activation of the Tri-County Fire Mutual Aid Agreement, Southeastern Washington Regional Fire Mobilization Plan and/or the Washington State Fire Mobilization Plan in addition to other state and federal fire resources. While there have always been a certain number of people that have built homes in open areas, in recent years, the numbers of people choosing to build in or very near wildland areas has increased significantly as city limits have expanded into previously unpopulated and agricultural areas. As the population of Franklin County increases and peoples desire to live in more rural or isolated areas outside of the Pasco area, development in the wildland-urban interface will continue to expand thereby increasing the potential risk to lives and property from wildland and wildland urban-interface fires. Should a large wildland or wildland-urban interface fire occur in Franklin County, the effects of such an event would not be limited to just the loss of valuable rangeland, wildlife habitat, and recreational areas. The loss of large amounts of vegetation on steep slopes of watersheds would increase the risk of landslides and mudslides during the winter months and the depositing of large amounts of mud and debris in streams, rivers, and irrigation channels could threaten valuable fish habitat and watershed usage for many years. In addition, the loss of crops and grazing land could significantly impact the agricultural industry in Franklin County for a few years or more. If a significant portion of the business area has been affected, the loss to the community can be overwhelming. Reduction of payrolls, infrastructure and long-term layoffs during recovery from a large fire could have a serious impact on the buying power of a large sector of the population. A long-term business closure could also have a large impact to the community’s tax base. The Washington State Department of Natural Resources, Southeast Region, has conducted a region-wide wildland fire hazard assessment utilizing the RAMS (Risk Assessment and Mitigation Strategies) program. RAMS considers the effects of fire on unit ecosystems by taking Page 98 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 38 a coordinated approach to planning at a landscape level. It was developed for fire managers to be an all-inclusive approach to analyzing wildland fuel hazard, protection capabilities, ignition risk, fire history, catastrophic fire potential, and values. The assessment of fuel hazard deals with identifying areas of like fire behavior based on fuel and topography. Protection capability assessment involves estimating the actual response times for initial attack forces and how complex the actual suppression action may be once they arrive because of access, fuel profile, existence of natural or human-made barriers to fire spread, presence of structures and predicted fire behavior. Ignition risks are those human activities or natural events which have the potential to result in an ignition. Fire history looks the fire locations, cause, number of acres burned annually, and the average annual number of fire by cause. Catastrophic fire potential is an evaluation of fire history that reflects the potential for an event to occur. A value assessment looks at the natural or developed areas where loss or destruction by fire would be unacceptable. This RAMS evaluation rated Franklin County as follows: Fuel Load: LOW Ranking Values: MODERATE Protection Capability: MODERATE Catastrophic Potential: MODERATE Ignition Risk: MODERATE Composite Rating: MODERATE History: HIGH The evaluation process provides the basis for determining the Franklin County wildland-urban interface fire risk. PROBABILITY and RISK: Based on historical evidence, there is a MODERATE PROBABILITY of a large wildland or wildland-urban interface fire occurring in Franklin County and a MODERATE RISK to people and property as a result of a large wildland or wildland-urban interface fire. CONCLUSION: Franklin County’s dry climate and vast grassland areas makes it a potential tinderbox for a major fire. While wildland and wildland urban-interface fires do occur in Franklin County on a fairly regular basis during the warm summer months, these fires are typically very small and are usually extinguished with existing personnel and equipment. Approximately 85 % of the land in Franklin County is comprised of agricultural land that is vulnerable to wildland or wildland urban-interface fires. Much of the agricultural lands are serviced by volunteer fire protection districts. Building homes or other structures in areas without fire protection increases the risk of loss from fires. In the past, structures were often built with minimal awareness regarding the risks associated with wildland or wildland urban- interface fires. Fortunately, most land that is not irrigated for crops is utilized as open range/grazing land. Fires regularly occur on these lands. The fires are fast moving and dangerous, but usually don’t cause significant damage to structures other than telephone/electrical poles. Page 99 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 39 The SEHMP-10/2018 has Franklin County rated as LOW on the risk index for fire. Again, although our area has fires, their impact on the county as a whole isn’t usually catastrophic in nature. Image from Washington State Enhanced Hazard Mitigation Plan 10/2018– Wildfire Risk Index (10/17/2018 pg. 120) County Area Population Vulnerable Population Built Environment Critical Infrastructure State Facilities 1st Responder Facilities Fire Risk Index Franklin LOW MEDIUM - LOW MEDIUM MEDIUM - LOW LOW LOW LOW LOW Page 100 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 40 D. FLOOD DEFINITIONS: Flood – An inundation of dry land with water caused by weather phenomena and events that deliver more precipitation to a drainage basin than can be readily adsorbed or stored within the basin. Flood Watch – Issued by the National Weather Service when the probability of a hazardous flooding event has increased significantly but its occurrence, location, or timing is still uncertain. The public can set their plans in motion to prepare for the event. A Flood Watch is issued from 12 to 36 hours before the occurrence of the event. Flood Warning – Issued by the National Weather Service when a hazardous flooding event is occurring, is imminent, or has a high probability of occurrence within 12 hours. A Flood Warning is issued for conditions posing a threat to life and/or property. Flood Stage – A height at which a watercourse overtops its banks and begins to cause damage to any portion of the river valley. Floodplain – The land area of a river valley that becomes inundated with water during a flood. Floodway – That portion of the natural floodplain that is regularly inundated during the normal annual flood cycles of a river or stream. For most waterways, the floodway is where the water is likely to be deepest and fastest. It is the area of the floodplain that should be kept free of obstructions to allow floodwaters to move downstream. 100-Year Floodplain – That portion of the floodplain that would be inundated by water during a 100-Year Flood event. 500-Year Floodplain – that portion of the floodplain that would be inundated by water during a 500-Year Flood event. National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) – A Federal program enabling property owners in participating communities to purchase insurance protection against losses from flooding. This insurance is designed to provide an insurance alternative to disaster assistance to meet the escalating costs of repairing damage to buildings and their contents caused by floods. Participation in the NFIP is based on an agreement between local communities and the Federal Government which states if a community will adopt and enforce a floodplain management ordinance to reduce future flood risks to new construction in Special Flood Hazard Areas, the Federal Government will make flood insurance available within the community as a financial protection against flood losses. Community Rating System (CRS) – A voluntary program within the NFIP that encourages and recognizes community floodplain management activities that exceed the minimum NFIP standards for local mitigation, outreach, and education. Under the CRS, flood insurance rates are adjusted to reflect the reduced flood risk resulting from community activities that reduce flood Page 101 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 41 losses, facilitate accurate insurance rating, and promote the awareness of flood insurance. Currently, Franklin County does not have any jurisdiction that participates in the CRS program. BACKGROUND INFORMATION: Flooding occurs on rivers and streams when excessive water discharge causes river or stream channels to overflow. The Columbia River, Snake River and Esquatzel Coulee are all susceptible to flooding. The threat of flooding in Franklin County is greatest in the months of December through February although flood events may occur during other months of the year. Winter flood events have the potential to produce the highest peak flows when significant snowfall is present, followed by rapidly rising temperature and/or heavy rain. In addition, increased flow rates from the hydroelectric dams further increase the potential of flooding due to their effect on river discharge flows. The Columbia River is the second largest river system in the United States behind the Mississippi River. From its source in Canada, the Columbia River flows 1,243 miles and empties into the Pacific Ocean at Astoria, Oregon. The river drains an area of approximately 250,000 square miles. The Snake River runs along the eastern boundary of Franklin County and includes two dams operated by the US Army Corps of Engineers. The height and composition of the terrain on the Franklin County side of the Snake River makes very unlikely that Franklin County would ever receive much, if any, damage from a flood. Walla Walla County is far more susceptible to flood damage from the Snake River. The Esquatzel Coulee is located in the central portion of the county. It starts in Connell at the confluence of the Washtucna Coulee from the northeast via Kahlotus, the Providence Coulee from the north in Adams County and the Othello Channels from the northwest. Additionally, the Old Maid and Dunnigan Coulees join from the east. The Esquatzel Coulee runs south from Connell following the general path of US 395, through Mesa and Eltopia, and ends just north of Pasco. HISTORY: The Columbia River has a history of flood events. Floods have occurred in 1894, 1948, 1964, 1974, and 1979. However, since several dams have been erected in the Columbia and Snake Rivers, the likelihood of river flooding occurring has been drastically reduced. Additionally, the Esquatzel Coulee has a history of flooding. Newspaper articles and photographs recorded Esquatzel Coulee flooding in 1907, 1956 and 1969. Of the floods listed above, only three have resulted in Disaster Declarations. Flood Events Resulting in Disaster Declarations (Information obtained from Washington State Emergency Management Division files) • February 1956 – (Major Disaster Declaration #50) Flooding due to heavy snowfall followed by rapid raise in temperature. No public or individual assistance records available. • March 1979 – (Emergency Disaster Declaration #3070) Flash Flood in Mesa. Locally declared emergency. No public or individual assistance records available. Page 102 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 42 • December 96 – February 1997 (Major Disaster Declaration #1159) – Public Assistance $350,912 (Does not include Individual Assistance or Small Business Administration Loans Information). • January 30 - February 22, 2017 (FEMA-4309-DR) severe winter storm and flooding • July 2018 – Extreme temperatures, dry conditions and fire hazard (WA Proc 18-05) • February 2019 – Severe Winter Storms (WA Proc 19-02) • January 2020 – Severe Winter Weather (WA Proc 20-01) • July 2020 – Extreme temperatures, dry conditions and fire hazard (WA Proc 20-68) • 01/01 – 03/31, 2021 Winter Weather (WA Proc. 21-03) • 06/28 – 07/07, 2021 Extreme Heat Emergency HAZARD IDENTIFICATION: While dikes and other flood management devices have controlled much of the flood threat to Franklin County jurisdictions, these devices have also contributed to the vulnerability of the citizens and business located within these floodplains. Without the flood control management structures, minor flooding would occur on a much more frequent basis. The “inconvenience” of minor flooding would have most likely encouraged residential and commercial development to be located on higher ground and out of flood hazard areas. With the flood control devices in place, the “inconvenience” of minor flood events has been minimized and the residents and business owners of Franklin County have perhaps gained a false sense of security - they may mistakenly assume that these devices will protect them from all floods in addition to the smaller, more frequent events. It should be noted that even though the floodplains of Franklin County only comprise 2.5% of the total land area, approximately 1500 people or about 3% of the population of Franklin County live within the floodway and the floodplain of the Columbia River or Esquatzel Coulee. Major intersections of our transportation and communication infrastructure are also located in the floodplain. A major Columbia River flood event that causes portions of the City of Pasco to be inundated with water has the potential to severely impact the overall economy of Franklin County as well as other communities within the Tri-Cities region. While the Columbia River poses a flood threat in the southern portion of the county, the Esquatzel Coulee, located in the central and northern portion of the county, also poses a significant threat of its own. This coulee does not have any flood control management device other than some floodway structures located in Mesa. The coulee has a history of flooding areas of Mesa, Connell, and Eltopia. VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT: All persons, property, and businesses located within the floodway and the floodplain of the Columbia River or Esquatzel Coulee are directly vulnerable to flooding. In addition, the overall economy of Franklin County is directly or indirectly vulnerable to major flood events. In the past, those mainly affected by flooding were the families that lived along the Columbia River shoreline or in the cities of Connell, Mesa and Kahlotus. With the dramatic increases in population and commercial development in the southern portion of Franklin County that has Page 103 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 43 occurred in recent years, the effects of a major flood event could be long-term and very difficult to overcome. PROBABLITY AND RISK: Based upon the historical record of flooding in the Columbia River and the Esquatzel Coulee and the impacts flood events have had on the citizens of Franklin County, there is a MODERATE PROBABILITY of future flooding and a MODERATE RISK for the people, businesses, and infrastructure located within the floodway and the floodplain of the Columbia River and Esquatzel Coulee. CONCLUSION: In Franklin County, floods are a threat to property and the environment, and to a lesser extent, the safety of persons and livestock located within the floodway and the floodplain. The citizens of Franklin County need to have an understanding of the flood risk and of the areas in which they elect to live and do business. Citizens need to know what the terms FLOOD WATCH and FLOOD WARNING mean. They need to know that the existing dike system (or any other flood control device) will not protect their property from all flood events. Those persons that choose to live and/or work in a flood hazard area need to recognize that government is not able to totally protect them from the impacts of a flood. Those people at risk need to take the necessary actions to prepare themselves, their families, and their businesses before a flood event – not after. Franklin County participates in the National Flood Insurance Program. Persons buying homes in the floodway and/or the 100-year flood plain are almost always required to purchase flood insurance as a condition of financing; however, there is no requirement that all residential structures purchase flood insurance if not required by a lending institution. According to figures provided by the Washington State Floodplain Manager, there have been only a handful of flood insurance policies issued in Franklin County. Jurisdiction Policies Total Coverage Pasco 1 $350,000 Connell 3 $315,000 Mesa 0 - Kahlotus 0 - Unincorporated Franklin County 26 $6,988,600 Total 30 $7,653,600 Table 3: Flood Insurance Policies by Jurisdiction (Source: FEMA NFIP Insurance Report Washington 10/2021) Warning and evacuation of flood-prone areas has improved significantly in the past 25 years. River flow gauging systems operated by the United Stated Geological Survey provide the National Weather Service, the River Forecast Center, and Franklin County Government with up- to-date river levels greatly increasing the ability to predict flood events on the Columbia River. The timeliness of these predictions, as well as the familiarity of local agencies as to their roles and responsibilities, significantly improves the county’s preparedness level for flood events. During a flood event, every attempt is made to ensure that flood warning information is disseminated as widely as possible. In addition, 24-hour flood information is available via Page 104 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 44 telephone and the Internet to aid citizen access to flood information. This information includes river-level gauge readings that are updated on a regular basis during flood emergencies. The SEHMP-10/2018 has Franklin County rated Medium-High in the Flood Risk Index. Floods have cause some of the more severe damage in Franklin County. Most severe damage is seen on the roads in the unincorporated portions of the county. Image and table from Washington State Enhanced Hazard Mitigation Plan 10/2018– Flood Risk Index (10/17/2018 pg. 87) County Area Population Vulnerable Population Built Environment Critical Infrastructure State Facilities 1st Responder Facilities Flood Risk Index Franklin MEDIUM MEDIUM HIGH MEDIUM MEDIUM - HIGH MEDIUM MEDIUM MEDIUM - HIGH Page 105 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 45 E. LAND MOVEMENT DEFINITIONS: Alluvial Fan – the alluvial deposit of a stream where it issues from a gorge upon a plain or of a tributary stream at its junction with the main stream. Landslide – ground movement that may include rock falls, deep failure of slopes, and shallow debris flows. Swale - a low-lying or depressed and often wet stretch of land. BACKGROUND INFORMATION: Landslides occur in every state and U.S. territory. The Appalachian Mountains, the Rocky Mountains and the Pacific Coastal Ranges and some parts of Alaska and Hawaii have severe landslide problems. Any area composed of very weak or fractured materials resting on a steep slope can and will likely experience landslides. Although the physical cause of many landslides cannot be removed, geologic investigations, good engineering practices, and effective enforcement of land-use management regulations can reduce landslide hazards. USGS scientists continue to produce landslide susceptibility maps for many areas in the United States. In every state, USGS scientists monitor stream flow, noting changes in sediment load carried by rivers and streams that may result from landslides. Hydrologists with expertise in debris flows and mudflows are studying these hazards in volcanic regions. The force of gravity acting on a steep slope is the primary reason for a landslide. However, there are other contributing factors that may include but are not limited to: • Erosion by rivers or streams that undercut steep slopes. • Weakening of rock and soil slopes through saturation by heavy snowmelt or irrigation. • Ground movement due to earthquakes. • Ground failure due to excessive weight from the accumulation of rain or snow; stockpiling of rock, ore, or waste piles; or large man-made structures. Deep-seated landslides are found along the slopes of the shoreline, often referred to as ancient landslides, which may become active in particularly wet conditions. These large landslides range in size from less than an acre to several acres and may extend over a mile of shoreline. Shallow landslides with debris avalanches are the most common type, typically occurring during prolonged periods of heavy soil saturation from rain, snowmelt or irrigation, and involve a relatively thin layer of extremely dangerous wet soil and vegetation that can travel quickly with destructive force. Mid-slope benches can be hazardous slide areas. These relatively level benches on an otherwise steep slope may indicate past slope movement. Shoreline or steep inland areas are periodically struck with very large, rapid landslides. These large slumps or slides can cut 50 or more feet into the upland and involve tens of thousands of tons of earth. Slope material that becomes super-saturated with water may develop into a debris flow or mud flow as it moves downhill. These flows generally occur during periods of intense irrigation or rapid snowmelt. Debris flows usually start on steep hillsides as shallow landslides that liquefy and accelerate to speeds that are typically about 10 miles per hour but can exceed 35 miles per Page 106 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 46 hour. The consistency of debris flow ranges from watery mud to thick, rocky mud that can carry large items such as boulders, trees, and cars. These flows continue flowing down hills and through channels, growing in volume with the addition of water, sand, mud, boulders, trees, and other materials. When these flows reach canyon mouths or flatter ground, the debris spreads over a broad area, sometimes accumulating in thick deposits that can damage developed areas. HISTORY: Franklin County has some areas that exhibit steep terrain, are heavily irrigated and have an abundance of weak soils. All of these combine to make portions of the county susceptible to land movements. It is important to note that not all of the conditions listed above guarantee that a landslide will occur just like assuming that a landslide will occur only if all of the conditions above have been met. Franklin County has had landslides in the past. Evidence is clearly present along the high cliffs and steep slopes of the Columbia and Snake Rivers. Additionally, inland portions of the county, particularly in the northeastern portion of the county, have some high slope areas that are susceptible to landslides. Two landslides have recently occurred in Franklin County. One caused during the irrigation season in May 2006, which covered state highway State Route 170. The other landslide occurred along the White Bluffs along the Columbia River in August 2008. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION: Some landslides move slowly and cause damage gradually, whereas others move so rapidly that they can destroy property and take lives suddenly and unexpectedly. Debris flows, sometimes referred to as mudslides, mudflows, lahars, or debris avalanches, are common types of fast moving landslides. These flows generally occur during periods of intense rainfall or irrigation or when there is a rapid snowmelt. They usually start on steep hillsides as shallow landslides that liquefy and accelerate to speeds that are typically about 10 mph, but can exceed 35 mph. The consistency of a debris flow ranges from watery mud to thick, rocky mud that can carry large items such as boulders, trees, and cars. Debris flows from many different sources can combine in channels where their destructive power may be greatly increased. They continue flowing down hills and through channels, growing in volume with the addition of water, sand, mud, boulders, trees, and other materials. When the flows reach canyon mouths or flatter ground, the debris spreads over a broad area, sometimes accumulating in thick deposits that can wreak havoc in developed areas. Areas that have experienced landslides in the past tend to be most susceptible to future landslides, especially during periods of rapid snowmelt or heavy irrigation. Because these areas consist of broken materials and frequently involve disruption of ground water flow, these dormant sites can be more vulnerable to slides caused by construction activities than adjacent, undisturbed soil. The Franklin Conservation District states that geologic hazards in the county are related to landslides occurring in the steep bluffs along the Columbia River and in Ringold Coulee. Marrat (1988) attributes landslides in the steep bluffs along the Columbia River to three factors: (1) undercutting of the toe of the White Bluffs by the Columbia River, (2) unstable nature of the Ringold formation (stratified fluvial-lacustrine deposits overlying Columbia River Basalt), and (3) increase in groundwater table since the Columbia Basin project became operational. Page 107 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 47 Hays and Schuster (1987) note that active landslides are occurring at Locke Island (north of White Bluffs Ferry Landing) and Savage Island (north of Ringold Flat) along the Columbia River. Both of the landslide areas are as a result of irrigation from the Columbia Basin Project. They also state that evidence is present that confirms the presence of inactive landslides along the Franklin County side of the Columbia River. Figure 12: Landslide and Severe Water Erosion Hazard Areas Page 108 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 48 As houses and roads are built on steeper slopes and hillsides, landslide hazards become an increasingly serious threat to life and property. Increasing residential development along slopes and cliffs such as the rapid development of homes along the cliffs overlooking the Columbia River and other similar cliffs and hillsides throughout the county are at a greater risk to land movement than older developments located on hillsides with less slope. In addition, wildland fires and land clearing for housing developments or agricultural use may cause soils to become less stable thereby increasing the threat of slides. One or a combination of factors may precipitate a landslide. Undercutting of a slope by river or stream erosion, wildland fire, or road building may cause landslides. Intense or prolonged irrigation, rapid snowmelt, freezing and thawing of soil or sharp fluctuations in groundwater levels are all normal for Franklin County and may be the cause of a sudden landslide which may be combined with flooding. Shocks or vibrations caused by earthquakes, large explosion, or construction activity can also lead to landslides. Land stability cannot be predicted with current technology. Due to population density and desire of people to have a home with a view, an increasing number of structures are built on top of or below slopes subject to land sliding. Landslides in these areas can take lives, destroy homes and businesses, undermine bridges, derail railroad cars, cover fish habitat and spawning grounds, interrupt transportation infrastructure, and damage utilities. The following list is a compilation of comments and suggestions made by various stakeholders and the public regarding possible problems that could result from a land movement event. In addition to damaging homes, businesses, property, and the environment, a land movement event in Franklin County could potentially result in the following: • Disrupted and/or damaged transportation routes and systems. • Damage to underground as well as above-ground utilities. • Secondary damage may occur due erosion caused by broken water transmission lines. • Streams may be partially or completely blocked and/or diverted from their normal channels. A very large land movement event could possibly block river channels resulting in the formation of a lake upstream of the blockage and the threat of a sudden release of this trapped water upon failure of the material. VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT: Homes, businesses, schools, hospitals, roads, bridges, and other infrastructure located on or near previous slide areas, steep slopes, or alluvial fans are most vulnerable to the impacts of landslides, debris flows, or mudflows. Property and lives may be lost and transportation routes as well as utility infrastructure may be damaged. A large landslide that affects creek beds, rivers, or lakes may cause flooding. Canyon bottoms, stream channels, and areas near the outlets of canyons or channels are particularly hazardous. Multiple debris flows that start high in canyons commonly funnel into channels; there, they merge, gain volume, and can travel long distances from their sources. Debris flows commonly begin in swales on steep slopes making areas down- slope from swales particularly hazardous. Road cuts and other altered or excavated areas of slopes are particularly susceptible to debris flows. Debris flows and other landslides onto roadways are common during heavy rain events and can occur during milder rain events than those needed for debris flows on natural slopes. Areas where surface runoff is channeled (such as along roadways and below culverts) are common sites of debris flows and landslides to occur. Page 109 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 49 PROBABILITY and RISK: Based on historical evidence, there is a MODERATE PROBABILITY of a destructive landslide occurring in Franklin County. Because of the infrequency of landslide events occurring in populated areas of Franklin County, there is a LOW RISK associated with this hazard during the majority of the year with the risk increasing to MODERATE during the times when irrigation systems are up and operating; typically mid-March through the end of October. CONCLUSION: Washington is one of seven states listed by the Federal Emergency Management Agency as being especially vulnerable to severe land stability problems. Earthquakes combined with heavy saturated soils may increase risk for those previously thought to be on stable ground. With an increasing population desiring “view” property and tree removal to be able to “see the view” there is increasing risk of landslides in residential areas. Those buildings on or near steep slopes and bluffs could be at risk during the irrigation season or a rapid snowmelt. The property located below these steep slopes and bluffs is particularly vulnerable. As with all other hazards, people need to become familiar with their surroundings. Slopes where debris flows have occurred in the past are likely to experience them in the future. Buildings should be built away from steep slopes, streams, rivers, and dry stream beds. Those persons who live in slide-prone areas need to be aware of storm-water drainage patterns on slopes near their homes and note places where runoff water converges. Residents of slide-prone areas should be aware of hillsides and watch for any signs of land movement such as very small landslides or debris flows or progressively tilting trees. The SEHMP-10/2018 has Franklin County listed as a Medium-Low on the Landslide Risk Index. The landslides that have happened in Franklin County have been substantial in volume but have happened in more remote areas. The 04/2019 Mesa/Othello rockslide is a small example. Page 110 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 50 Image from Washington State Enhanced Hazard Mitigation Plan 10/2018– Landslide Risk Index (10/17/2018 pg. 93) REFERENCES: Marrat, W. J.,(1988). Study of Landslides Along the Columbia River in the Block 15 Area of Franklin County, Washington. Pasco, Washington: Franklin Conservation District Schuster, R.L. & Hays, W.H. (1984). Irrigation-Induced Landslides in Soft Rocks and Sediments along the Columbia River, South-Central Washington State, U.S.A. Reprinted from the IV International Symposium on Landslides Toronto 1984 Proceedings, Vol. I, pp431-436 County Area Population Vulnerable Population Built Environment Critical Infrastructure State Facilities 1st Responder Facilities Landslide Risk Index Franklin LOW MEDIUM MEDIUM MEDIUM LOW MEDIUM - LOW MEDIUM - LOW MEDIUM - LOW Page 111 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 51 F. SEVERE STORMS DEFINITIONS: Blizzard – sustained wind or frequent gusts to 35 mph or greater and considerable falling and /or blowing snow that frequently reduces visibility to less than one quarter-mile. Dust Storm – a storm of dust and debris blown by wind gusts of at least 35 mph, or caused by a downburst from a dry thunderstorm that reduces visibility to less than one quarter mile. Heavy Snow – accumulations of 4 inches or more of snow in 12 hours or 6 inches or more of snow in 24 hours in non-mountainous areas; accumulations of 8 inches or more of snow in 12 hours or 12 inches or more of snow in 24 hours in mountainous areas. High Wind – sustained wind at greater than 40 miles per hour and/or gusts to greater than 58 miles per hour. Severe Local Storm – an atmospheric disturbance manifested in strong winds, tornadoes, rain, snow, or other precipitation (hail, sleet, ice), and often accompanied by thunder or lightning. Severe Thunderstorm – a storm that produces hail ¾ inch in diameter or larger and/or wind gusts of 58 miles per hour or more. Thunderstorm – a local storm usually with gusty winds, heavy rain, and sometimes hail and accompanied by lightning. Tornado – a violently rotating column of air attached to a thunderstorm and in contact with the ground. BACKGROUND INFORMATION: The climate of Washington State (as well as Franklin County) is regulated by two primary factors: • The strength of the jet stream or the storm track. • The degree to which the orographic effect of the Cascade Mountain influences the flow of maritime and continental air masses. The jet stream affects the weather of Washington State much of the year, growing stronger as autumn progresses, reaching maximum strength in winter, and subsiding again in spring. In summer, the jet stream is usually very weak and is displaced to the north over Canada. Rainfall in the summer is infrequent and temperatures across the region are determined by the extent of marine air mass intrusions from the coast. Typical summer rainfall consists of showers and associated thunderstorms coming up from Oregon. The amount of shower activity is dependent upon the degree to which hot air masses with monsoon moisture work their way north from the desert southwest. Page 112 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 52 The strength, position, and orientation of the jet stream can change from year to year. This is the reason some winters are mild and comparatively dry, while others are cold and wet. The semi- permanent winter low-pressure system in the Gulf of Alaska and the jet stream are also influenced by factors such as El Nino and La Nina. Southeastern Washington receives most of it’s precipitation during the winter and early spring. When the jet stream sags south of Washington State, cold, dry wintertime continental air masses can sometimes blanket the entire Columbia Basin region. Franklin County can experience all types of severe weather except hurricanes, although on occasion, windstorms exceed hurricane force winds. There have been tornado sightings in the past. On average, Franklin County experiences less than 10 thunderstorm days each year. Most storms move into Franklin County with a southwest to northeast airflow. On occasion however, wind and snow events move into the county from the north accompanied by cold, arctic air. Windstorms with sustained winds of 50 miles per hour or greater occur somewhat regularly and are powerful enough to cause significant damage. Most of these storms cause transportation-related problems and damage to utilities. On occasion, homes and other structures are damaged either by high winds or falling trees. Due to its geographical position, Franklin County experiences all types of weather events, especially damaging wind. Furthermore, the varied topography that exists within Franklin County can generate variable wind patterns and locally accelerated winds. Likewise, the central and northern portions of Franklin County can also experience locally accelerated winds. HISTORY: While there have been many severe storms that have impacted Franklin County in the past, a few of the most notable storms to affect Franklin County were the 1948 Columbia River Flood, the January 1950 Blizzard, and the December 1996-January 1997 Winter Storm and Flood. A more complete listing of these events is described below. • January 1929 – An extreme cold front moved into the Columbia Basin. Many homes damaged by broken pipes. The Columbia River froze over. • December 1935 – Another severe cold front moved in from the Canadian Artic. Extremely cold temperatures experienced from -10Ε to -20Ε ranges for a long period of time. The Columbia River froze over again. • May/June 1948 – Greatest Spring Snowmelt Flooding: Snowmelt flooding on the Columbia River affected Pasco and other low-lying areas along the Columbia River. The flood lasted for 45 days. • January 1949 – An “artic blast” moved down from Canada bringing extremely cold temperatures. The Columbia River froze over. The Tri-City Herald prints pictures of people droving vehicles over the ice between Kennewick and Pasco. • January 13, 1950 – The January 1950 Blizzard: A massive winter storm caused blizzard conditions in much of eastern Washington. Record snow fall and a long period of subzero temperatures occurred throughout the Columbia Basin. Several dozen fatalities occurred. • December 1996 & January 1997 – Snow & Wind: Heavy accumulations of snow fell throughout eastern Washington including Franklin County. Franklin County received Page 113 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 53 several days’ accumulation of snow followed by high winds and rain. (FEMA Disaster Declaration #1159). • January 30 - February 22, 2017 (FEMA-4309-DR) severe winter storm and flooding • March 10-30, 2017 (WA Proclamation 17-05) severe storms • June – August 2017, (WA Proclamation 17-12) prolonged extreme temperatures and dangerous fire fuel conditions • February 8-12, 2019 Snow storm • June 25- July 7, 2021, prolonged and extreme heat, 110 o average - topping out at 117o Data or frequency of severe storm events was obtained from the Special Hazard Events and Losses Database for the United States (SHELDUS) developed by the Hazard Research Lab at the University of South Carolina, and from the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA.) SHELDUS uses a variety of NOAA data sources. It covered severe weather events from 1960 through 2000 that caused more than $50,000 in property and/or crop damage. The results showed that Franklin County had 80 events that met the criteria. Of the 80 events listed in SHELDUS, there were 39 high wind events, 11 thunderstorms, 8 floods, 17 winter weather events, one tornado, one volcanic event, 1 hailstorm, and 1 fog event. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION: The effects upon Franklin County resulting from a severe storm such as a thunderstorm, tornado, windstorm, ice storm, or snowstorm are likely to be similar in nature. Downed trees and power lines, the interruption of transportation routes, and damage to homes, businesses, and governmental buildings are all possible. Fatalities as a result of such events are uncommon in Franklin County, but they can occur. Electrical power outages are common with almost all types of severe storm events. Possible problems may be loss of heat, refrigeration, light, cooking, computers, cash registers, gasoline pumps, restaurant cooking, milking machines, chicken warmers, and green houses. In addition, persons could be electrocuted by coming in contact with downed electrical lines. High Wind: Possible hazards or problems may be loss of power and phone lines, danger of fire and electrocution. Toppled trees, broken limbs, collapsed barns, damage to residential and commercial structures as well as damage to cars, trucks and trailers. Multiple vehicle accidents with injuries and deaths from blowing dust. Extremely violent wind storms could cause damage to large areas of the agricultural lands resulting in economic losses. Lightning: Hazard areas may be sports venues and complexes such as soccer fields, football fields, baseball fields and golf courses that are without adequate shelter for participants and spectators. Lighting may cause electrical transformers to short resulting in power outages and/or fires in trees located near power lines. Boaters and those persons working outdoors are also vulnerable to lightning strikes. Lightning can also start fires in grassland areas. Snow and/or Ice: The majority of problems associated with heavy accumulations of snow and/or ice will most likely be transportation related. Vehicle travel on roadways may be stopped or severely limited; essential government services and businesses may be closed because Page 114 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 54 employees are unable to drive to work. Special transportation may need to be provided in order to insure that hospital and emergency services personnel can report to work. There is a danger to the traveling public who may become trapped in their vehicles for an extended period of time. The weight of heavy accumulations of snow and/or ice may cause roofs to collapse and trees to fall causing damage to power lines. A rapid warming trend following large accumulations of snow and ice can lead to flooding. Hail: The main hazard associated with hail is the damage that falling hail, particularly hail larger than ¾ inch., can inflect upon physical structures (i.e. windows, gutters, metal roofs, vehicles), farm products (livestock and crops), and people. Hail is closely associated with thunderstorms. Hazard areas are any area that is out in the open such as outdoor sport facility, pastures, parking lots, etc. Tornado: The primary hazard associated with a tornado is the extreme wind velocities that they produce. Wind speeds up to 300 mph are possible. The winds from a tornado are extremely destructive. Not only do they tear apart buildings and uproot trees, but the debris causes collateral damage due to the speed and which it moves. No above ground structure is immune from the effects of a tornado. Dust Storm: The primary hazard from a dust storm is the reduced visibility that it produces especially on roads and flight paths. Other effects include respiratory distress to people and livestock, damage to crops and removal of topsoil from farmland. The following list is a compilation of comments and suggestions made by various stakeholders and the public regarding possible problems that could result from a severe storm. In addition to damaging homes, businesses, property, and the environment, a severe storm event in Franklin County could potentially result in the following: • Disrupted and/or damaged transportation routes and systems. • Disruption of service and/or damage to above-ground utilities. Emergency response agencies may be delayed in responding to emergency incidents due to downed trees and utility power poles and lines or unusually heavy accumulations of storm water, snow, or ice. • Unusually heavy rainfall or rapid snowmelt may cause surface flooding in low lying areas. VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT: Severe storms, especially severe wind storms are common in Franklin County during the spring and fall months and all areas of Franklin County are vulnerable to the impacts of severe storms. Some storms are more severe and require assistance from a variety of governmental agencies or emergency responders such as: public works, fire service, emergency medical services, search and rescue, and law enforcement in addition to utility company personnel. While local electrical power outages can occur during severe storm events, the loss of power is usually only an inconvenience causing minor consequences unless the outage continues for an extended period Page 115 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 55 of time or during a period of extremely cold temperature. Extended electrical power outages occurring during winter months may require the opening of emergency shelters, particularly in cold weather. Livestock can be vulnerable to all types of winter storms although most large dairy herds have at least limited shelter available. A severe snow event followed shortly thereafter by extremely cold temperatures can have an adverse affect on wild animals and birds due to a lack of sufficient food, water and shelter. PROBABILITY and RISK: Based on past events, there is a HIGH PROBABILITY of a severe storm event occurring in Franklin County. While the probability of such an event is high, there is a MODERATE-HIGH RISK associated with this hazard due to the relatively short duration, localized impacts but severe impacts from such events. The Washington State Enhanced Hazard Mitigation Plan (SEHMP pg. 54) lists Franklin County at HIGH Risk for Severe Weather. CONCLUSION: Of all natural hazards, severe local storms … especially severe wind storms are very likely to affect Franklin County. These storms have the ability to cause considerable destruction and can impact the lives of large numbers of people. Franklin County experiences nearly every type of weather including wind, rain, snow, fog, extreme heat, extreme cold, hail and thunderstorms. When severe weather events occur, they have the ability to significantly impact Franklin County posing a danger to life and property as well as possible causing economic losses. Due to the frequency and possible destructive nature of severe storm events, individuals, families, and businesses should be aware of the impacts of a severe local storm and take the necessary actions to prepare themselves, their families, and their businesses before such events occur – not after. Citizens and businesses can prepare for severe storm events just as they plan for any emergency. To be better prepared for severe storm events, citizens should: • Have a plan • Prepare an Emergency Kit with a 3-day minimum of food and water supplies as a start • Become 2 Weeks Ready as a family/home • Take advantage of Community Emergency Response Team training • Purchase and use a NOAA Tone-Alert Weather Radio or other Tone-Alert Radio • Inquire about emergency plans at your work, schools and places that you frequent • Practice your Plan with all of your family members The SEHMP-10/2018 has Franklin County listed as a HIGH on the Severe Weather Risk Index. Franklin County has seen the most damage from these types of storms. They tend to cause massive damage to our crops, road and irrigation infrastructure. Page 116 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 56 Image from Washington State Enhanced Hazard Mitigation Plan 10/2018– Severe Weather Risk Index (10/17/2018 pg. 101) Below pictures are from the 02/2017 storms/flood County Area Population Vulnerable Population Built Environment Critical Infrastructure State Facilities 1st Responder Facilities Severe Weather Risk Index Franklin MEDIUM – HIGH MEDIUM – HIGH HIGH MEDIUM – HIGH MEDIUM – HIGH MEDIUM – HIGH MEDIUM – HIGH HIGH Page 117 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 57 G. VOLCANO DEFINITIONS: Debris Flow – fast-moving slurry of rock, mud, and water that looks and behaves like flowing wet concrete; similar to but coarser and less cohesive than a mudflow. Pyroclastic Flow – a hot, fast-moving avalanche of ash, rock fragments and gas that moves down the sides of a volcano during explosive eruptions or when the steep edge of a dome breaks apart and collapses. Tephra – fragments of rock and natural glass that is blasted from a volcano during a violent eruption and then falls to Earth. USGS – United States Geological Survey Volcanic Ash – small fragments of rock and natural glass that is blasted from a volcano during a violent eruption and then falls to Earth. During large events, volcanic ash can travel hundreds of miles. Volcano – a vent in the earth’s crust through which magma (molten rock), rock fragments, gases, and ashes are ejected from the earth’s interior. A volcanic mountain is created over time by the accumulation of these erupted products on the earth’s surface. BACKGROUND INFORMATION: The Cascade Range extends more than 1,000 miles forming an arc-shaped band extending from Southern British Columbia to Northern California lying roughly parallel to the Pacific coastline and includes 16 major volcanic centers. In addition to the standard volcanoes in the Cascade Range, a stretch of these volcanoes (from about Mount Rainier to Lassen Peak) is made up of a band of thousands of very small, short-lived volcanoes that have built a platform of lava and volcanic debris. Rising above this volcanic platform are a few strikingly large volcanoes that dominate the landscape. The Cascades volcanoes define the Pacific Northwest section of the "Ring of Fire", a fiery array of volcanoes that rim the Pacific Ocean. Many of these volcanoes have erupted in the recent past and will most likely be active again in the future. Given an average rate of two eruptions per century during the past 12,000 years, these disasters are not part of our everyday experience. While there are no volcanic peaks within Franklin County, we can be affected by tephra associated with a volcanic eruption from the Cascade Range volcanoes. All of the other hazards associated with volcanoes (pyroclastic flow, lahars, lateral blast, lava flow, etc.) are too remote to be considered a serious threat to Franklin County. So, for the purposes of this Plan, we will only focus on the volcanic hazards associated with tephra. Geologic evidence indicates that most of the Cascade Range volcanoes have erupted in the past 4,000 years and will no doubt erupt again in the foreseeable future. Due to the topography of the region and the prevailing weather patterns, eruption events on Mount St. Helens, Mount Rainier, Page 118 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 58 Mount Hood, and Mount Adams are the volcanoes most likely to produce conditions that would adversely impact portions of Franklin County. HISTORY: Eruptions in the Cascades have occurred at an average rate of 1-2 per century during the past 4,000 years, and future eruptions are certain. Seven volcanoes in the Cascades have erupted within the past 225 years. Four of those eruptions would have caused considerable property damage and loss of life if they had occurred today without warning – the next eruption in the Cascades could affect hundreds of thousands of people. The most recent volcanic eruption events within the Cascade Range occurred at Mount St. Helens in Washington (1980-1986) and at Lassen Peak in California (1914-1917). Mount St. Helens With an elevation of 8,364 feet, Mount St. Helens is small compared to the other Cascade Range volcanoes. Her size belies her robustness. She is the most active of all of the Cascade Range volcanoes. Mount St. Helens is the most prolific producer of tephra in the Cascade Range. As reported by the USGS, volcanoes commonly repeat past behavior.1 So, it is quite likely that the conditions experienced during the May 1980 eruption are likely be somewhat similar again the next time Mount St. Helens erupts. Mount Adams As one of the largest volcanoes in the Cascade Range, Mount Adams soars 12,277 feet into the air. It dominates the skyline of south central Washington. As detailed in USGS research 2 , Mount Adams is of primary concern to Yakima, Klickitat, and Skamania counties due to the high potential of debris avalanches and lahars. While not as large a tephra producer as Mount St. Helens, Mount Adams is still a threat. During much of its history, Mount Adams has displayed a relatively limited range of eruptive styles. Highly explosive eruptions have been rare. Compared to the tens of large explosive eruptions at nearby Mount St. Helens during the past 20,000 years, eruptions of Mount Adams have been meek.3 Mount Hood 1 Wolfe, W.E. and Pierson T. C., 1995, USGS Open-File Report 95-497 2 Scott, et al., 1995, USGS Open-File Report 95-492 3 lbid Page 119 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 59 With an elevation of 11,237 feet, Mount Hood ranks as the fourth highest and middle of the pack by volume of the Cascade Range. Mount Hood is located east of Portland, Oregon and presents a majestic picture on clear days. While not the most active volcano in the Cascade Range, Mount Hood is still a hazard. The primary threat to Franklin County is from tephra. Mount Hood has historically produced a relatively modest amount of tephra during past lava flow and lava-dome eruptions. Most tephra fallout was caused by clouds of sand- and silt-size particles that rose from moving pyroclastic flows produced by lava-dome collapse. Tephra was also generated by explosions driven by volcanic gases. Both types of tephra clouds probably reached altitudes of 3,000 to 50,000 feet above the volcano and were then carried away by the prevailing wind, which blows toward sectors northeast, east, or southeast of Mount Hood about 70 percent of the time4. Mount Rainier At 14, 410 feet, Mount Rainier is the tallest peak in the Cascade Range. It towers over the landscape of the southern Puget Sound area and is visible from Longview to Mount Vernon. Mount Rainier is a dormant volcano whose load of glacial ice exceeds any other mountain in the conterminous United States.5 A Mount Rainier eruption will probably produce lahars, pyroclastic flows, lava flows, debris avalanches and flows, and ballistic blasts. In terms of their potential effects, lahars from Mount Rainier constitute the greatest volcano hazard in the Cascade Range.6 Fortunately, these volcanic hazards are not a concern to Franklin County. The only hazard that Mount Rainier poses to Franklin County is tephra fall. Mount Rainier is a moderate tephra producer relative to other Cascade volcanoes. Eleven eruptions have deposited layers of 4 Scott, et.al., 1997, USGS Open-File Report 97-89 5 Hoblitt, et al, 1998, USGS Open-File Report 98-428 6 Ibid. Page 120 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 60 frothy tephra (pumice) near Mount Rainier in the past 10,000 years, most recently in the first half of the nineteenth century. Given the evidence discovered through research, it is estimated that Mount Rainier averages an eruption about once every 900 years.7 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION: We know from geological evidence that Mount St. Helens, Mount Rainier, Mount Hood, and Mount Adams have produced volcanic events in the past. Several of these events, if they took place today, would place Franklin County communities at risk. Volcanic hazards to Franklin County from Mount St. Helens, Mount Rainier, Mount Hood, and Mount Adams are limited to tephra fall. Tephra Tephra consists of fragments of molten or solid rock which are ejected into the atmosphere and then fall back to the earth’s surface. Tephra is further divided into three classes; block (>64 mm), lapilli (2-64 mm) and ash (<2 mm.) The fragments are usually carried away from the volcano by the wind. During magmatic eruptions, a volcano blasts the fragments into the atmosphere with tremendous force, forming a vertical eruption column. Eruption columns can be enormous in size and grow rapidly, reaching tens of kilometers (miles) in height and width in 30 minutes or less. As particles in the eruption column are carried down-wind they form an eruption cloud or tephra plume. Particles in the tephra plume begin to fall out of the plume almost immediately, with the larger and heavier particles (block tephra) falling out close to the volcano and progressively smaller and lighter particles falling out with increasing distance downwind. Thus, the distribution of tephra is largely controlled by the strength and direction of the wind during an eruption, whereas particle size and deposit thickness are largely controlled by how explosive the eruption is and the volume of material ejected. Tephra hazards vary from a nuisance to life-threatening. Tephra plumes pose a serious hazard to aviation because particles in plumes can damage aircraft systems and jet engines, resulting in loss of power and damage to equipment. In addition, particles in a plume can sandblast aircraft windshields such that visibility is lost. On the ground, the hazards to life from tephra vary depending upon the amount that falls and the health of individuals. In general tephra hazards diminish downwind. High concentrations of tephra, such as ash, can make breathing difficult for people and livestock. Burial by tephra can collapse roofs of buildings and other structures, break power and telephone lines, and damage or kill vegetation. Wet tephra is 2 to 3 times heavier than dry 7 Hoblitt, et al, 1998, USGS Open-File Report 98-428 Page 121 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 61 uncompacted tephra and adheres better to sloping surfaces. Ten centimeters (4 inches) of wet tephra impose a load in the range of 20 to 25 lb/ft2 , this equates to between 2,000 and 2,500 pounds for a 10’ x 10’ area; sufficient to cause some roofs to collapse. Minor amounts of tephra pose little threat to healthy individuals but may affect people with respiratory problems, the elderly, infants, and the infirm. Even minor tephra falls, however, can be detrimental to machinery (cars, lawn mowers, computers, etc.), can short out power transformers and electric lines, can be a nuisance to remove from roads and airports, can cause panic due to darkness during daylight hours, can cause traffic accidents because of reduced visibility, clog waterways such as municipal water system uptakes, wastewater treatment plants, irrigation ditches and machinery, and can cause respiratory and eye problems for pets and livestock. Ash can clog and/or restrict breathing passages and may cause death; however, a short period of exposure has not been found to be harmful to persons in normal health. When an ash cloud mixes with rain, sulfur dioxide combines with water to form diluted sulfuric acid that may cause minor (but painful) burns to skin, eyes, nose, throat, and mucous membranes. In addition, acid rains may also affect water supplies and agricultural products. Even fairly small concentrations of ash fall can effectively wipe out all crops in a large area for at least one season, longer if the concentrations are deep enough. The following list is a compilation of comments and suggestions made by various stakeholders and the public regarding possible problems that could result from a volcanic event. In addition to damaging homes, businesses, property, and the environment, a volcanic event in Franklin County could potentially result in the following: • An ash fall event could cause numerous transportation-related problems and delay first response agencies in responding to emergency situations. • Ash fall could cause electrical power failures to critical facilities. • Drastically increased number of respiratory patients at hospitals and clinics. VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT: The degree of volcanic hazard from the volcanoes of the Cascade Range depends upon the type, size, and origin of the eruption. While the possibility of a large volcanic eruption exists, these types of events are typically separated by several hundred to a few thousand years and it is unlikely that we will see such an event in our lifetimes. The effect to Franklin County from a Figure 13: Samples of ash (left two piles) and lapilli (right two piles.) Page 122 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 62 volcanic eruption in the Cascade Range is primarily limited to tephra fallout. There is also a potential that watershed areas (Columbia River, Snake River, Esquatzel Coulee) could experience increased sediment loads. This is likely to affect fish spawning grounds and possibly municipal water and wastewater systems as well as irrigation systems on the Columbia River. Because of the flow direction of prevailing winds, the majority of airborne ash would most likely be carried toward the population of Franklin County should an eruption occur. Franklin County could receive tephra and ash from any number of Cascadian volcanoes however; Mount Adams, Mount St. Helens, Mount Rainier, and Mount Hood are the primary volcanoes of concern. The 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens produced enough ash fall to cover the northern portion of Franklin County about ¼-inch. The figures that follow detail the probability of ash accumulation (1 cm and 10 cm) from the combined hazard of all Cascade Range volcanoes. Figure 14: Annual probability of 1 cm or more of tephra accumulation in Washington and Oregon from major Cascade volcanoes. Source: Scott, W. E., Iverson, R. M., Vallance, J. W., and Hildreth, W., 1995, Volcano Hazards in the Mount Adams Region, Washington: USGS Open-File Report 95-492, p. 9. Online: http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/Adams/Hazards/OFR95-492/framework.html Page 123 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 63 Figure 15: Annual probability of 10 cm or more of tephra accumulation in Washington and Oregon from major Cascade volcanoes. Source: Scott, W. E., Iverson, R. M., Vallance, J. W., and Hildreth, W., 1995, Volcano Hazards in the Mount Adams Region, Washington: USGS Open-File Report 95-492, p. 9. Online: http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/Adams/Hazards/OFR95-492/framework.html PROBABLIITY AND RISK: Because of the historical infrequency of such events, it is unlikely that we will see a volcanic eruption in our lifetimes. However, due to the prevailing winds within Franklin County, the impacts of a major eruption from Mount Adams, Mount Hood or Mount Saint Helens to persons, property, infrastructure, and the environment in Franklin County would be serious though not necessarily catastrophic. Therefore, there is a LOW PROBABILITY of such an event occurring but a MODERATE RISK to persons, property, and the environment in Franklin County should an eruption occur. CONCLUSION: Although the probability of a volcanic eruption is low, if an eruption were to occur, the greatest threat to life, property, infrastructure, and the environment in Franklin County would most likely be from tephra originating from Mount Adams, Mount Hood, Mount Rainier, or Mount St. Helens. Based on past events and especially the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens, future eruptions from any of these volcanoes will almost certainly be preceded by an increase in seismic (earthquake) activity, and possibly by measured swelling of the volcano and emission of volcanic gases. The University of Washington - Pacific Northwest Seismograph Network, in cooperation with the USGS, monitors seismic activity of the Cascade Range volcanoes that could signal a possible future eruption. In addition, the USGS monitors gas emissions from several volcanoes to detect possible changes in the volcano’s interior “plumbing system” that may be a warning of impending magma activity or an increase in hydro-volcanic activity in an effort to predict the likelihood of an eruption event. This ability to monitor seismic and other types of Page 124 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 64 activity at the Cascade Range volcanoes provides a warning system of sorts for volcanic eruptions that could impact Franklin County. The 1980 Mount St. Helens eruption made it clear that preparing for and responding to a volcanic event must involve a wide variety of agencies and jurisdictions. Interviews were conducted with city and county officials present during the eruption. Most have stated that there were a variety of effects to city and county governments. For example, most jurisdictions took the simple precaution of checking roof loads and gutter systems, changing the air filters in city/county vehicles every few days, and minimizing the amount of driving done in city/county vehicles. Other precautions included monitoring ventilation filters, water and wastewater system quality, and air quality. Franklin County Public Works provided heavy equipment and crews to Adams County to assist with the ash clean-up. Most interviewees stated that we were lucky in comparison to similar communities just north of us such as Ritzville which received over a foot of ash. REFERENCES: Scott, W.E., Iverson, R. M., Vallance, J. W., Hildreth, W., 1995, Volcano Hazards in the Mount Adams Region, Washington: USGS Open-File Report 95-942. Online: http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/Adams/Hazards/OFR95-492/framework.html Hoblitt, R.P., Walder, J.S., Driedger, C.L., Scott, K.M., Pringle, P.T., and Vallance, J.W., 1998, Volcano Hazards from Mount Rainier, Washington, Revised 1998: USGS Open-File Report 98- 428. Online: http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/Rainier/Hazards/OFR98-428/framework.html Wolfe, E.W. and Pierson, T.C., 1995, Volcanic-Hazard Zonation for Mount St. Helens, Washington, 1995: USGS Open-File Report 95-497. Online: http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/MSH/Hazards/OFR95-497/framework.html Scott, W.E., Pierson, T.C., Schilling, S.P., Costa, J.E., Gardner, C.A., Vallance, J.W. and Major, J.J., 1997, Volcano Hazards in the Mount Hood Region, Oregon: USGS Open-File Report 97-89. Online: http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/Hood/Hazards/OFR97-89/framework.html Hoblitt, R.P., Miller, C.D., and Scott, W.E., 1987, Volcanic Hazards with Regard to Sitting Nuclear-Power Plants in the Pacific Northwest: USGS Open-File Report 87-297. Online: http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Hazards/NRC_Definitions/tephra.html Further information regarding the volcanoes of the Cascade Range and the hazards associated with volcanic events can be obtained via the Internet from: USGS Cascades Volcano Observatory http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/ USGS Volcano Hazards Program http://volcanoes.usgs.gov/ USGS Fact Sheet on Volcanic Ash Hazards http://geopubs.wr.usgs.gov/fact-sheet/fs027-00/fs027-00.pdf Page 125 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 65 Pamphlet on Ash Hazards Volcanic Ash pamphlet -english.pdf (English version) Volcanic Ash pamphlet -spanish.pdf (Spanish version) The SEHMP-10/2018 has Franklin County listed as not impacted/minimally impacted by a volcano. Franklin County is annotated as below LOW in all categories. Image and table from Washington State Enhanced Hazard Mitigation Plan 10/2018– Volcano Risk Index (10/17/2018 pg. 114) County Area Population Vulnerable Population Built Environment Critical Infrastructure State Facilities 1st Responder Facilities Volcano Risk Index Franklin Page 126 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 66 V. TECHNOLOGICAL HAZARDS A. DAM FAILURE DEFINITION: A dam failure is the spontaneous release of water from a barrier built to hold back the flow of water. The loss of structural integrity causes rapid flooding, loss of life, damage or destruction of property and forcing evacuation of people and vital resources. Dam failure can be caused by many different circumstances. These include flooding, poor construction, lack of maintenance and repair, vandalism, terrorism, or earthquakes. HISTORY: Franklin County has never experienced a dam failure, however, other areas in Washington State have been affected by dam failure. VULNERABILITY: MEDIUM. Many of the dams in Washington State are more than 50 years old. The dams that would affect Franklin County have been inspected under a U.S. Army Corps of Engineers inspection program. Those inspected dams with notable problems have been turned over to the Washington State Department of Ecology, Dam Safety Office for resolution of the noted problems. Expected loss of life and property damage from a dam with a higher probability of failure is low. Expected loss of life and property damage from a dam with a lower probability of failure (Grand Coulee) is high. EFFECTS: The arrival time of flood waters from a major dam failure on the Columbia or Snake Rivers could be as little as two hours or as much as forty-eight hours. The necessary evacuation along with the suspected widespread damage would be extensive in most scenarios and the resulting overall effect would be catastrophic. Damage to structures, roads, utilities, and crops would be extensive. Contamination of sanitary water supplies, damage to public buildings such as schools and city government buildings can be expected. The pumping stations that furnish water for firefighting would be lost. CONCLUSION: A dam breach event could occur at any time. A higher probability exists during periods of high flood potential, especially during the spring. There are three state statutes that deal with safety of dams and other hydraulic structures: The Revised Code of Washington (RCW) 43.21A, RCW 86.16, and RCW 90.03. These laws provide authority to approve plans for dams, control construction of dams and inspect hydraulic works. Evacuation planning should consider the effects of a large-scale evacuation which could result from a dam failure. Franklin County emergency response resources participate in emergency planning and exercises based on dam failure conducted by the dam operators. Page 127 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 67 B. POWER FAILURE AND ENERGY EMERGENCIES DEFINITION: A power failure emergency is the interruption of electrical service for twenty-four (24) hours or more causing forced shutdown of businesses and industries without emergency power capability and forcing evacuation of people, who depend on electricity for heating purposes, into congregate care facilities for the duration of the outage. Energy emergencies can include fast-developing petroleum shortages caused by embargoes, creeping shortages caused by rising costs and imbalances of supply or hydro electrical shortages caused by inadequate water levels caused by drought conditions. In addition, a shortage of one form of energy can impact and cause shortages of other forms. For example, a petroleum shortage could reduce the ability to produce electricity, which could result in interruptions to major electrical users and cause them to revert to alternate energy, such as natural gas. HISTORY: Power outages may occur due to natural or technological circumstances. Long-term power outages have followed severe local storms in Franklin County and in the surrounding region, some in the Spokane area up to two weeks in duration. However, most occurrences are less than 24 hours. Petroleum shortages were demonstrated during the 1973-74 Arab Oil Embargo and the Iran cutoff of 1979. During those periods, “state set-aside” program allowed state governments to allocate portions of the fuel in the state to areas of greatest need. This program was abolished under deregulation rules early in 1981. Electrical shortages occurred in 1973-74 and 1977-78, from drought conditions and resulted in insufficient amounts of water to operate the hydroelectric plants. Again in 2021, drought and prolonged very high temperature conditions caused issues for the power grid. There was a very high potential for “brown outs”, but the weather broke and power consumption dropped to manageable levels. A heating fuel shortage occurred in 1996 when the lower Columbia River dams were closed and barge traffic could not reach Franklin County. Solar and wind projects continue to be developed but only provide small percentages of the electrical grids power consumption. Currently this is mainly due to the inability of those systems to provide continual and efficient power. VULNERABILITY: LOW. Both power outages and energy shortages can be the result from numerous different circumstances, but are not expected to cause significant harm to people or property. Economic impacts could be great, however, depending on the severity and duration of the emergency. Petroleum shortages can occur depending on the political climate of an unstable Middle East Region. Although imports have decreased substantially due in part to greater conservation measures and increased domestic production and awareness, the United States remains Page 128 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 68 dependent upon imports for a majority of its petroleum needs. The National Strategic Petroleum Reserve has gradually increased since 1973, providing a limited protection against the impact of petroleum shortages. Hydroelectric dams produce the majority of the electricity in the State of Washington. Low precipitation years may result in insufficient energy production. Lately, there has been attempts/movements to start removing these large dams that have been in service for more than 60 years. If this occurs, then our complete profile for this section will change dramatically. EFFECTS: The major effects of energy emergencies would include economic loss for businesses and agricultural industries. CONCLUSION: Power outages can/will occur. Public education and preparedness should lessen the impact of short-term power outages on people, but long-term outages will require additional support including congregate care facilities. Future energy shortages are likely to occur due to numerous uncontrollable factors. The Washington State Energy Office has developed a Petroleum Products Contingency Plan and Electrical Contingency Plan for dealing with various energy shortage scenarios. If Columbia and/or Snake River dams begin to be removed, the entire power supply for the western united states will be dramatically diminished. Page 129 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 69 C. RADIOLOGICAL EMERGENCIES DEFINITION: The spontaneous release of radioactive material from a fixed facility or transport medium due to a failure of existing safety systems. A radiological emergency can be generated from a number of facilities in close proximity to Franklin County, including research laboratories, waste storage, and decommissioned nuclear reactors at the U. S. Department of Energy’s Hanford Site; the nuclear power plant Columbia Generating Station; Areva nuclear fuel fabrication facility; private research and development laboratories near the Hanford Site; and hospitals which may have radioactive materials for diagnostic tools or treatment. In addition, radiological materials are transported by rail, air, road and barge in and around Franklin County. HISTORY: No emergencies involving the release of radiation have occurred in Franklin County. Emergencies have occurred at facilities that have radioactive materials in Benton County, but none have resulted in significant radiation releases, but have been tracked into Franklin County. VULNERABILITY: MEDIUM. The Tri-Cities has a much greater likelihood of experiencing a radiological emergency than most parts of the country, due to the combined potential from a nuclear reactor, a federal nuclear waste site, and various industries supporting both of those facilities and an increased usage of radiological isotopes in the medical field. However, the probability compared to other types of emergencies remains low. Expected property damage from a major release would be high, both in actual damage to industry and from the economic impact of the suspicion of contamination. Impacts to life and health are also likely from a major release. EFFECTS: The effects from a radiological emergency could range from no impact to the public to widespread contamination, evacuation, and/or permanent relocation. Radioactivity from a release may enter the human food chain via crops or dairy products, causing further contamination and severe economic impacts. The effects of a release are determined by the type of radioactive material involved, the quantity released, and the meteorological conditions. Utilities, roads and structures would be largely unaffected, except in the case of severe gross contamination which may be unable to be remediated. CONCLUSION: A radiological emergency could occur at any time. The emergency will be a sudden onset, and could last hours, days or even weeks. Franklin County Emergency Management and other agencies in Franklin County spend a significant amount of time planning and preparing for such an emergency, including training emergency workers and participating in emergency exercises. Industries which use or transport radiological materials are governed by various state and federal agencies and regulations mandating their safe use and transportation. Page 130 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 70 D. HAZARDOUS MATERIALS DEFINITION: Loss of containment of a material in a quantity or form that will cause severe injury and/or loss of life, significant property damage or forcing the evacuation of people from the impact area. A hazardous materials incident can originate from a fixed facility or from any transportation medium. The manufacture, use, transportation, storage and disposal of hazardous material products and dangerous wastes poses a potential risk to the public health, safety and welfare, private and governmental properties, and the environment. The U.S. Department of Transportation classifies a material as hazardous if it is corrosive, explosive, toxic, flammable, biologically irritating, radioactive, or packaged in a dangerous container. These materials are regulated while in transit, and when stored on site by a variety of local, state, and federal guidelines. Federal regulations, such as Title III of the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act, have made it easier for local governmental agencies to track the presence of hazardous materials in their jurisdictions. HISTORY: Franklin County has suffered both transportation and fixed facility hazardous materials accidents. Most incidents involve petroleum products, or agricultural products such as anhydrous ammonia. There has been a massive increase of the transportation of Bakken Crude Oil and Coal through Franklin County and the cities of Connell, Mesa and Pasco. Major incidents include a 1996 release of 2000 gallons of anhydrous ammonia in downtown Pasco, forcing residential evacuation and sending over 100 people to be evaluated at the hospital, and a 1993 leak of chlorine at the Kahlotus Swimming Pool which forced the evacuation of the pool and several blocks around the pool. VULNERABILITY: HIGH. Incidents involving hazardous materials may occur at any time and at any location within the county. Any uncontrolled release of a hazardous material may involve ground, water, air, or any combination thereof. HAZMAT incidents are not limited to industrial areas, they can occur on rural transportation routes, major highways, residential yards, public buildings, railroads, waterways, busy metropolitan areas, or remote fields. The vulnerability factor has increased dramatically with the increased transportation of the Bakken Crude Oil and Coal shipments. Statistically, the majority of hazardous materials incidents are transportation related. The majority of these incidents involve petroleum products such as motor oil and fuels. Ground water supplies are particularly vulnerable in areas of shallow aquifers and, once contaminated, can be difficult and expensive to clean up. Cumulative property and environmental damage from hazardous materials incidents in Franklin County can be high over time. Hazardous materials incidents also may cause injury or loss of life, although these effects will likely be more localized than property damage. Page 131 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 71 Potential devastating fires and explosions risks have increased through the rail system because of the enormous increase in transportation of oil and coal product directly through the populated areas within Franklin County, mainly the cities of Connell, Mesa and Pasco. Normal firefighting tactics won’t suffice for these types of incidents, and fires potentially could be left to burn themselves out over a long period of time. EFFECTS: Hazardous materials incidents occur suddenly and can cause damage to people and property without any warning. The impact of this type of emergency can last from a few minutes to weeks, months and even years before damage to the environment could be repaired. Any incident in which hazardous materials are involved has the potential for escalation from a relatively minor incident into a full scale disaster. The hazardous properties of chemicals, motor fuels, radioactive substances and other potentially dangerous materials range from highly flammable to explosive to poisonous. These chemicals have the ability to contaminate the environment with quantities harmful to human, animal and plant life. The potential for loss of life, extensive property damage, environmental contamination, and economic loss always remains high when hazardous materials are involved. The effects of a hazardous materials incident vary depending on such factors as the type and quantity of material(s) involved, the location, time of day, and weather conditions. In the case of airborne contaminants, wind speed and direction are extremely important for response procedures and capabilities. Mass evacuation or widespread shelter-in-place should be considered a high priority when dealing with airborne or potential airborne contamination. CONCLUSION: Hazardous Materials pose one of the greatest threats to Franklin County due to the quantity of materials stored and transported through the county. The paramount requirement is to continue to improve and maintain a hazardous materials management system. This management system should emphasize to the public and industrial sectors the need to correctly report hazardous materials as outlined by Title III of the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act. Hazardous materials education is also necessary. Federal regulations outline minimum acceptable standards for response personnel. It is the ultimate responsibility of local government to ensure that its emergency response personnel are adequately trained and prepared for hazardous materials situations. Responding to hazardous materials emergencies requires special training beyond that required of fire departments. A cooperative Hazardous Materials response team made up of representatives from fire departments in three counties responds to emergencies within the city of Pasco and Franklin County Fire District #3. Hazardous materials emergencies that occur in other parts of Franklin County are the responsibility of the Washington State Patrol per RCW 70.136.030. Page 132 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 72 E. AVIATION ACCIDENT DEFINITION: An accident involving a multi-passenger or cargo aircraft resulting in injuries, loss of life and destruction of private, business and industrial property when it impacts. The Tri-Cities Airport, located in Pasco, is the largest airport in the Columbia Basin. Four commercial passenger airlines service the airport, as well as commercial cargo service, charters and private airplanes. Throughout the county, the vast agriculture acreage requires the use of many small airplanes. The Tri-Cities Airport is regularly used by military aircraft and large commercial airlines to conduct training. HISTORY: The Tri-Cities Airport has experienced one severe aviation accident. On December 26, 1989, a commercial United Express flight crashed at the airport, killing all six people on board. In the last five years, the Airport has averaged approximately eight reportable incidents each year. Of these, only two have required transportation to the hospital and none have resulted in a fatality. VULNERABILITY: LOW. With a commercial airport in operation in Pasco, air traffic is fairly constant throughout Franklin County. In addition, many aircraft are used to support agriculture and related industries. However, the number of incidents resulting in injury or loss of life is very low. The expected loss of life and property damage to the county population is also low. EFFECTS: The major effects of aircraft crashes could be mass casualties, medical emergencies, fires, explosions, hazardous materials release, and property damage. Impact is limited to the crash path of the aircraft. The larger the aircraft and the faster its speed, the greater the area impacted. CONCLUSION: An aviation accident could occur at any time and without warning. A higher probability for an incident occurs during severe weather and during times of high agricultural usage. The Tri- Cities Airport Emergency Plan (AEP) was developed by the airport and emergency response personnel to ensure a timely response to aviation incidents. Effects from a major aircraft crash could take days or weeks to clean up, while an investigation could go on for months. Page 133 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 73 F. MASS CASUALTY DEFINITION: A medical incident that overwhelms the ability of the emergency responders and/or medical care facilities to provide normal levels of care to injured victims. A Mass Casualty Incident (MCI) cannot be defined as a certain number of victims, because the ability to care for injured people varies depending on the types of injuries and the number of emergency response personnel immediately available. HISTORY: Mass casualty incidents have occurred in and around Franklin County. Franklin County responders have dealt with an average of one mass casualty incident per year. Mass casualty incidents may occur from transportation accidents (air, rail, or highway), major fires, natural disasters, terrorism, etc. VULNERABILITY: MEDIUM. The susceptibility to a mass casualty incident increases with the likelihood of all types of natural and technological disasters, including the growing threat of domestic terrorism. An MCI can occur at any time in any place. Expected property damage from an MCI is low, but injury and loss of life could be potentially very high. EFFECTS: A mass casualty incident generally occurs without warning. Secondary effects from having emergency response personnel involved in a mass casualty incident could include decreased safety in other areas of fire and law enforcement. Public chaos is a likely possibility, especially before the victims have been identified and family notifications made. CONCLUSION: The potential for an MCI is not restricted to any one season or set of circumstances. Planning and preparation are the key elements to coping with an MCI. Franklin County emergency response agencies are participants in the Tri-County Mass Casualty Incident Plan (Pre-Hospital). This plan is exercised each year on a rotating basis through the cities of Pasco, Kennewick and Richland. In addition, Franklin County conducts exercises for airport emergencies which include a mass casualty component. Page 134 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 74 G. RAILROAD ACCIDENT DEFINITION: An accident or derailment involving multiple railroad cars that causes abnormal interaction with the general public by blocking roads and/or causing property damage. A derailment can be caused by either natural or technological occurrences. These include flooding, poor rail maintenance, collisions at road crossings, vandalism, etc. The Burlington Northern-Santa Fe Railroad operates in Franklin County. The switching yard in Pasco is a central hub of rail transportation for eastern Washington, eastern Oregon and Idaho. Rail cars in Franklin County could be carrying anything from livestock to automobiles. Nearly 20,000 rail cars of hazardous materials come through Pasco each year. In addition, Amtrak passenger service comes through twice a day, one northbound to Spokane and one westbound to Portland. HISTORY: The railroad experiences a number of incidents each year, averaging 13 reportable incidents over the previous five years in Franklin County. Of these, only one injury has been reported. A total of ten rail cars containing hazardous materials have derailed, but none have resulted in a release. VULNERABILITY: HIGH. Accidents and derailments in Franklin County do not occur very often, although the potential has been rising in recent years with increased rail traffic. The railroad in Franklin County has not been identified as having chronic maintenance problems which would increase the likelihood of an incident. Expected loss of life from a rail accident is low, with the exception of the Amtrak passenger train. Expected property damage is also low. However, an accident involving rail cars transporting hazardous materials could cause extensive injury, property damage and death, if it were to occur in a populated area. This point is even more critical when involving crude oil shipments. These shipments contain such large volumes of crude oil, that local resources are incapable of effectively fighting that type of fire with current resources. EFFECTS: Accident occurrence is spontaneous. Adequate warning time for any protective measure to be instituted does not exist. The economic impact of a derailment could be very high, depending on the duration of rail line shutdown and the extent of damage to the structure of the railroad. In addition to lost revenue for the rail company, businesses expecting deliveries or relying on revenue from outgoing shipments would also be impacted. The accident or derailment occurs in seconds. The post-derailment recovery work may last from several hours to several days depending on number of cars involved and materials being carried. Impact could even be more severe when involving a shipment of crude oil in a highly populated area. CONCLUSION: A railroad accident could occur at any time. A higher probability exists during periods of severe weather, especially low visibility. Impact is limited to area of derailment or accident unless hazardous materials container failure exists; in which case the area affected will depend on type and amount of material(s) involved. Any area along the rails is a potential incident site. The railroad has developed an emergency action plan for responding to emergencies. Franklin County emergency responders train to react to the potential effects of a railroad accident, Page 135 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 75 including mass casualty incidents and hazardous materials releases. Fire resources in Franklin County are not adequately trained and equipped to effectively respond to a large event involving crude oil. Page 136 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 76 H. TERRORISM DEFINITION: The FBI defines terrorism as, "the unlawful use of force against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population or any segment thereof, in the furtherance of political or social objectives". This definition includes three elements: (1) Terrorist activities are illegal and involve the use of force. (2) The actions are intended to intimidate or coerce. (3) The actions are committed in support of political or social objectives. HISTORY: Over the past few year’s events have occurred that pointed out our country’s vulnerability to terrorist acts from domestic and foreign sources. Most terrorist acts committed in the United States have been from domestic groups with the weapon of choice being an explosive device. The CIA reports that several foreign terrorist groups are actively seeking ways to utilize weapons of mass destruction against American targets. Subsequently, more attention has been focused on each community’s vulnerability to terrorism. VULNERABILITY: MEDIUM. Vulnerability is part of the Risk Equation which is based on the Department of Homeland Security’s Target Capability List and is Threat x Consequence x Probability x Vulnerability. Threat: Derived from Intelligence Centers like the JTTF/WAJAC in values of 1 to 5 with one being unlikely and 5 being an imminent threat. Consequence: Is determined by adding the values of economic and environmental impact, casualties and social impact. Probability: Values 1 to 5 for each hazard with 1 being very low (100+ year occurrence) to 5 being high (1-3 year occurrence). Vulnerability: Determined in site assessment with values 1 – 5; 1 being very low (site well protected) and 5 being very high (minimal site protection). Franklin County has several potential targets of interest to terrorist groups. There are several large facilities that not only have extremely hazardous chemicals present, but they are also critical facilities to the population and economy of the area. Additionally, a major railroad and highway run through the middle of the county. There are two dams located on the Snake River and a nuclear power plant and nuclear waste site on the Columbia River. There is a very large agricultural industry in the county and it is highly susceptible to biological terrorism. EFFECTS: The overall effect of a terrorist attack depends largely on the location and method of attack. A biological attack against the agriculture industry would have far reaching economic consequences to the entire state. Also, an attack on one of the dams on the Snake or Columbia Rivers would also have far reaching consequences. An attack on one of the facilities that stores Page 137 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 77 extremely hazardous substances would have a short-term environmental impact but could have an immediate health impact on between 2,000-10,000 people surrounding the affected facility. An event of this magnitude would completely overwhelm all response resources in Franklin County and the adjacent counties. CONCLUSION: While there have been no direct terrorist attacks in Franklin County it is clear that the community is vulnerable. While no community can be 100 percent prepared for a terrorist attack, much of the attention that has been focused on terrorism following the attacks on 9/11 has had a positive effect on the emergency response community within Franklin County. Increased coordination between public agencies has resulted in a better prepared response organization. However, there is still more work to be done. Public and private entities are focusing more attention on their vulnerabilities and how they would respond following an attack. Continued coordination and commitment by all involved entities will improve upon the ability of the community to recovery from a terrorist attack. Page 138 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 7: Hazard Vulnerability Analysis 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 7 - 78 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK Page 139 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 8: Hazardous Weather 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 1 - 1 APPENDIX 8 HAZARDOUS WEATHER I. PURPOSE The purpose of this Hazardous Weather specific annex is to guide and coordinate agencies and organizations during threats and incidents related to hazardous weather within Franklin County. Hazardous weather events can pose a serious threat to the population and the public can often be warned in advance. II. SITUATION Franklin County is vulnerable to many types of hazardous weather, including but not limited to: high winds, severe thunderstorms, flooding/flash flooding, winter storms, fog/freezing fog, heat and drought. Often a combination of extreme weather phenomena leads to particularly hazardous conditions. III. PLANNING ASSUMPTIONS a. Hazardous weather conditions may occur with little or no warning b. The geographic extent of hazardous weather conditions may range from localized at a single site to region-wide (including Franklin County and neighboring jurisdictions) c. Area Schools/Districts, city halls and the county courthouse have been provided NOAA weather radios through an initiative and funding from the Department of Homeland Security. This will provide the opportunity for advance warning directly from the National Weather Service of any impending weather that could affect their population. IV. CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS Hazardous weather forecasts, advisories, watches and warnings are provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric (NOAA), National Weather Service (NWS) through the local National Weather Service office in Pendleton OR via NAWAS and other means. Hazardous weather conditions may or may not be preceded by some type of warning or statement. Table 1 lists the various hazardous weather events that may be issued in the Franklin County area. Table 1 NOAA/NWS Hazardous Weather Products Page 140 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 8: Hazardous Weather 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 1 - 2 Type Level Criteria/Definition SEVERE THUNDERSTORM Severe Thunderstorm Watch Conditions for severe thunderstorms appear favorable over the next several hours. Watches are typically in effect for 4-6 hours Severe Thunderstorm Warning Thunderstorms with wind gusts of 58 MPH or greater and or hail 1 inch or larger in diameter are occurring, imminent, or has a high probability of occurring. Tornado Watch This is issued by the National Weather Service when conditions are favorable for the development of tornadoes in and close to the watch area. Their size can vary depending on the weather situation. They are usually issued for a duration of 4 to 8 hours. Tornado Warning This is issued when a tornado is indicated by radar or sighted by spotters; therefore, people in the affected area should seek safe shelter immediately. They can be issued without a Tornado Watch being already in effect. They are usually issued for duration of around 30 minutes. HIGH WINDS High Wind Watch Potential exists for high wind speeds developing that may pose a hazard or is life threatening. Winds of 40 MPH or greater for at least 2 hours or gusts of 58 MPH or greater in the next 12-48 hours. High Wind Warning Sustained winds of 40MPH or greater for at least 2 hours or gusts of 58 MPH or greater are occurring, imminent or have a high probability of occurring within 36 hours. FOG Dense Fog Advisory Issued when fog reduces visibility to 1/4 mile or less over a widespread area. WINTER WEATHER Winter Storm Watch Issued when there is a potential for heavy snow or significant ice accumulations, usually at least 24 to 36 hours in advance Winter Storm Warning Issued when a winter storm is producing or is forecast to produce 4 inches of snow in any 24 hour period ( 3 inches before Nov1 or after march 31) Blizzard Watch/war ning Sustained winds or frequent gusts at least 35MPH, combined with considerable falling or blowing snow with visibilities reduced to ¼ mile or less, lasting for at least 2 hours. Wind Chill Warning Wind Speed of 10 Mph or greater and wind chill -20 F or lower in populated areas. Ice Storm Expected Ice accumulation of ¼” or more FLOOD Flash Flood Rapid rise of water within a few hours inundating normally dry ground and causing impacts Flood Water within a stream or river rising well above bank-full to inundate normally dry ground causing impacts. Page 141 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 8: Hazardous Weather 2021 - CEMP Pg Appendix 1 - 3 V. ORGANIZATIONS and ASSIGNMENT OF RESPONSIBILITIES a. Southeast Communications (SECOMM) i. As primary warning point, receive the weather related information via the NAWAS and forward this information the other counties in their designated area. b. Franklin County Emergency Management i. Receive information from SECOMM, determine if FC-ECC activation will be necessary. Most weather related events will not require activation. If the incident will require a significant dedication of resources and or/extraordinary interagency coordination the FC-ECC will likely be activated. The Emergency Manager will make the decision regarding ECC activation in consultation with emergency responders and National Weather Service (NWS) Pendleton Weather. ii. If additional information should be provided to the public, a new release may by drafted and sent to the media regarding the weather related emergency. FCEM could activate EAS, CodeRED or IPAWS if requested by NWS-Pendleton or local Incident Commanders and/or cities/county requests. VI. DAMAGE REPORTING PROCEDURES In an effort to enhance the ability of the National Weather Service to understand the characteristics of severe weather activity as it happens it is important to provide basic storm damage reports from observers on the ground in “real-time”. In an effort to provide this information to the NWS – Pendleton any available information from SkyWarn spotters as well as emergency responders (relaying information back to FC Dispatch) will be passed to the National Weather Service office in Pendleton OR, via email or phone at 1-800-240-4527. VII. LOCAL WARNING SYSTEMS a. Door to door and drive by notification – In certain circumstances emergency management personnel or emergency responders may go door to door and or drive thru neighborhoods utilizing public address systems and sirens to warn of eminent danger. b. IPAWS/WEA (Wireless Emergency Alerts) Wireless Emergency Alerts (WEA) are emergency messages sent by authorized government alerting authorities through your mobile carrier. These include weather emergencies that pose imminent danger such as tornadoes, flash floods etc. c. CodeRED mass notification system can send text, email or phone messages to residents that have opted-in in to using the free system for Franklin County residents. Page 142 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 9: Limited English Proficiency Response 2021 – CEMP Pg Appendix 9 - 1 APPENDIX 9 LIMITED ENGLISH PROFICIENCY RESPONSE I. PURPOSE The purpose of the Limited English Proficiency (LEP) Response Appendix is to outline the responsibilities of Franklin County in regards to LEP persons and establish a process for providing emergency information to them during an emergency or disaster pursuant to Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Executive Order 13166, and Title 38.52 RCW. II. SITUATIONAL OVERVIEW Franklin County is a medium sized county with a population of just below 75,000 residents in 2015. Of this population, roughly 18,778 (26%) are LEP - Spanish. In Franklin County, Spanish has been identified as meeting the requirements of RCW 38.52.070. Jurisdiction 2019 Total Population Language Group 2019 Language Group Pop. % of Jurisdiction Pop. Franklin County 94,680* Spanish or Spanish Creole 41,051** 44% *WA OFM 2019 April Population. Data Source ** Limited English Proficiency Application Franklin County employs many itinerant workers and is home to a significant number of permanent residents. The high number of temporary workers makes it necessary to frequently distribute information regarding the language resources available to LEP populations. Many emergency response organizations, including 9-1-1 dispatch, hospitals, schools, 2- 1-1 and government offices staff bilingual employees or employ on-call translators. Emergency notifications and life-safety information are broadcast in both English and Spanish, allowing LEP individuals to receive contact from Franklin County Emergency Management or other emergency response organizations. III. CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS A. Franklin County will utilize a number of communication resources to inform residents/people within Franklin County during an emergency or disaster, to include LEP populations. Franklin County will utilize their mass notification system, CodeRED, which has a translation feature within the system for notification of the public (English and LEP). This system can also utilize IPAWS/WEA for targeted/smaller specific areas for more localized emergencies. The Emergency Alert System can be utilized for the entire county and will be activated in parallel with the CodeRED system to notify the entire county. Additionally, Franklin County has a number of public address sirens located along the Columbia River and into a portion Page 143 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 9: Limited English Proficiency Response 2021 – CEMP Pg Appendix 9 - 2 of the county within the 10-mile emergency planning zone for the nuclear power plant. All messages that will be transmitted on the siren system will be in English and Spanish. The functions of public information include the dissemination of timely and accurate information that promotes personal safety and survival, offers advice on protection of property, gives accurate information on the actions of government and the expected role of citizens, neutralizes rumors, and outlines assistance available from local, State, Federal and volunteer agencies. B. Upon request from an Incident Commander, elected official or administrator of a jurisdiction, FCEM staff will coordinate with that person/agency in creating an Emergency Message and ensure the message is conveyed in both English and Spanish utilizing whatever means are available - our notification systems, google translate and/or volunteer translators as available. IV. AUTHORITIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES Franklin County and its municipalities fully recognize the importance to be able to communicate emergency information to all of their residents. The two predominant languages spoken in Franklin County are English and Spanish. With that recognition, all emergency communications within will be conveyed in both English and Spanish to the greatest extent possible in compliance with the below List of laws, statutes, ordinances, executive orders and regulations: A. Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 “No person in the United States shall, on the ground of race, color, or national origin be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance.” B. Executive Order 13166 “Improving Access to Services for persons with Limited English Proficiency’’. Different treatment based upon a person’s inability to speak, read, write, or understand English may be a type of national origin discrimination. Executive Order 13166 directs each Federal agency that is subject to the requirements of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 to publish guidance for its respective recipients and sub- recipients clarifying that obligation. C. EPCRA The Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA) provisions help increase public’s knowledge and access to information on chemicals at individual facilities, their uses, and releases into the environment. States and communities, working with facilities, can use the information to improve chemical safety and protect public health and the environment. Section 304 Emergency Release Notification Requirements - Any facility that releases into the environment one of the listed types of chemicals in an amount equal to or greater than its reportable quantity as required by the Emergency Release Notification regulation. D. Title 38.52.070 RCW Page 144 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 9: Limited English Proficiency Response 2021 – CEMP Pg Appendix 9 - 3 Section (3) establishes the requirement for emergency management organizations to include a communications plan which identifies “significant population segments” that have Limited English Proficiency and defines how life safety information will be disseminated to those populations during an emergency or disaster. “Significant population segments” is defined as a language group that constitutes five percent or one thousand residents, whichever is less, of the population of persons eligible to be served or likely to be affected within a city, town, or county. The data source which is used for this determination must come from the Office of Financial Management. Each local organization or joint local organization for emergency management that produces a local comprehensive emergency management plan must include a communication plan for notifying significant population segments of life safety information during an emergency. Local organizations and joint local organizations are encouraged to consult with affected community organizations in the development of the communication plans. "Significant population segment" means, for the purposes of this subsection (3), each limited English proficiency language group. The office of financial management forecasting division's limited English proficiency population estimates is the demographic data set for determining eligible limited English proficiency language groups. SSB 5046 – Modified Title 38.52 RCW to establish requirements for providing public notices of public health, safety, and welfare in a language other than English. V. DEVELOPMENT and MAINTENANCE A. FCEM staff conducts weekly tests of all of their communications systems (EAS- Internet pathway, CodeRED, AlertSense, IPAWS, EAS-VHF pathway, the CodeRED mass notification system, sending out a notification to staff only. The performance of the these systems is then reviewed and logged/documented to ensure communication goals have been met. B. FCEM conducts an annual test of the CodeRED mass notification system publicly. This public test notification is sent out to subscribers of the CodeRED system based on their language preference (English or Spanish). Performance of the notification is then reviewed and logged/documented. Additionally, FEMA Region X receives the annual report for certification for Alert and Warning within the 10 Mile Emergency Planning Zone for the nuclear plant. Pre-recorded messages are recorded in English and Spanish and reviewed annually. VI. TERMS and DEFINITIONS A. Communication Plan – As defined in Title 38.52.010 RCW, “means a section in a local comprehensive emergency management plan that addresses emergency notification of life safety information.” Page 145 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Appendix 9: Limited English Proficiency Response 2021 – CEMP Pg Appendix 9 - 4 B. LEP Person - A Limited English Proficiency person is one who does not speak English as their primary language and who has a limited ability to read, speak, write or understand English. C. Life Safety Information - As defined in Title 38.52.010 RCW, "means information provided to people during a response to a life-threatening emergency or disaster informing them of actions they can take to preserve their safety. Such information may include, but is not limited to, information regarding evacuation, sheltering, sheltering-in-place, facility lockdown, and where to obtain food and water. D. Significant Population Segment – As defined in Title 38.52.070 RCW, “means, for the purposes of this subsection (3), each limited English proficiency language group that constitutes five percent or one thousand residents, whichever is less, of the population of persons eligible to be served or likely to be affected within a city, town, or county. The office of financial management forecasting division's limited English proficiency population estimates are the demographic data set for determining eligible limited English proficiency language groups.” VII. GUIDANCE and REFERENCES A. Office of Financial Management (OFM) – Special Subject Estimates - Provides for an estimate of population with limited English proficiency (LEP) for the state and counties. https://www.ofm.wa.gov/washington-data-research/population- demographics/population-estimates/special-subject-estimates B. Limited English Proficiency Application - An ArcGIS map with each county in Washington State displayed in relation to how many language requirements were identified from OFM data. https://waseocgis.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=ffd638d41f704 5fe97a27d1e2ccbe0af Page 146 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Annex 1: Pasco 2021 - CEMP Page Annex 1-1 ANNEX 1 PASCO DESCRIPTION Pasco is located at the confluence of the Columbia, Yakima and Snake rivers in the southernmost part of Franklin County in southeastern Washington State. Pasco is part of the greater Tri-Cities, which includes the cities of Kennewick and Richland in Benton County. Pasco is the county seat for Franklin County, and is the largest incorporated city within the County and has a population of 79,580 (2021 Washington Office of Financial Management). As such, the city contains the entire County and City governmental infrastructure including the county jail and courts. The City of Pasco incorporates roughly 40 square miles with a mixture of urban, sub-urban and rural population densities. The citizens of Pasco are served by an all-hazards NIMS compliant fire department that operates out of three fire stations on a full-time basis. The Pasco Police Department is a full-time organization that is primarily based within City Hall and has three satellite stations located throughout the city (the satellite stations are usually unmanned). The City of Pasco is part of an interlocal agreement which establishes Franklin County Emergency Management (FCEM) governed by RCW 38.52.070. Under this agreement, FCEM agrees to assist Pasco with its emergency operational plans and procedures; coordinate planning with neighboring counties and applicable state and federal agencies; and coordinate organizational activities during an emergency. The City is also co-signatory to several mutual and auto aid agreements including a Franklin County All Hazard Master Mutual Aid Agreement that provides access to private, public and non-governmental resources. INDUSTRY Pasco enjoys a diverse industrial base that includes manufacturing, transportation, agriculture (including wine making), food processing, communications, utilities and tourism. The Tri-Cities airport, located in Pasco, serves as the region’s main airport. Pasco has several large consumer goods manufacturing facilities, located along the major transportation corridors. Those industries include Reser’s Fine Foods, Americold, Tesoro, Burlington Northern/Santa Fe Railroad, and others. Retail and wholesale trade, financial and real estate services are also highly represented within the community. HAZARDS The City of Pasco may experience a local emergency based on the man-made and natural hazards in and around the city. An Index B commercial airport, a major railroad switching yard, water transportation facilities, a natural gas pipeline, bulk fuel facility and three major highways (Highway 395, Highway 12, and Interstate I-182) are all within the established city limits of Pasco. 79 facilities in Pasco reported having hazardous materials in excess of the Environmental Protection Agency’s reporting Threshold for Planning Quantities in 2020. Over 1,000,000 gallons of highly volatile combustible liquids are transported through the city by rail each week. Portions of the city are located within the 10 mile Emergency Planning Zone of the Department of Energy Hanford Site and the Columbia Generating Station and an unrestricted, uncontained Page 147 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Annex 1: Pasco 2021 - CEMP Page Annex 1-2 release of radiological or hazardous materials would overwhelm the response and support capabilities within the city. Because of its relative proximity to the Columbia and Snake Rivers, a catastrophic dam failure from any one of the components of the dam network would probably flood much of the downtown area of Pasco, including the critical governmental infrastructures. This also would affect agriculture and the electrical grid. Pasco has the potential to be affected by natural disaster (both long and short term). The City is located within proximity of a recently discovered, moderately active fault line along the Saddle Mountains (North and West of the City) and Wallula Gap to the southeast. Short-term drought is a common occurrence in southeastern Washington State, and extreme wildfires particularly within the urban interface boundaries are a very real potential. A long-term drought would severely affect the economy of the City of Pasco. Other natural hazards to Pasco include high sustained wind events and other weather extremes including tornadoes, ice storms, and extended heat waves. SPECIAL POPULATIONS Pasco School District has a 2021/22 enrollment of 18,731. There are three high schools, an alternative high school, 3STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) schools, four middle schools and seventeen elementary schools, of which 3 are STEM based in the public school district. In addition, several private schools, elementary through high school, operate in the city. Columbia Basin College is located within Pasco. CBC has a 2021/22 enrollment of 7,000+. Pasco is home to a large hospital, an urgent care medical clinic, a senior citizen’s center, and numerous day care centers and nursing homes. The city also has a significant population of limited English proficiency (LEP) persons. CONCLUSION Columbia Basin College (2600 North 20th Ave, Pasco) is designated as an Emergency Worker/Assistance Center and American Red Cross shelter. The Red Lion Inn, Chiawana High School, Isaac Stevens Middle School and the Trade, Recreation and Agriculture Center (TRAC) are designated American Red Cross shelters. In the event of an emergency, FCEM could coordinate for reception and care at one or more of these facilities. FCEM encourages residents, businesses and governments of Pasco to make individual emergency planning considerations for their families and workplaces. This may include, but is not limited to, developing a family disaster plan, equipping themselves with a minimum of a 72- hour disaster supplies kit, and learning the basic first aid skills necessary for survival in a disaster. Families should attempt to be 2 Weeks Ready. This will help residents cope with most emergencies. Page 148 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Annex 2: Connell 2021 - CEMP Pg Annex 2 - 1 ANNEX 2 CONNELL DESCRIPTION The City of Connell is in the north-central part of Franklin County, 32 miles north of Pasco. The population estimate is 5275 people (2021 Washington State Office of Financial Management.) North Franklin Public Hospital District #1, a paid volunteer ambulance service, provides emergency medical services for the City of Connell. The community is protected by two 24-hour volunteer fire departments. The City of Connell Fire Department has a full-time Chief trained and a paid volunteer staff of twenty-five people, all of which are receiving training, and Franklin County Fire District #1 has a trained and paid volunteer staff of forty people. Both entities are interoperable and networked with Franklin County Emergency Services by means of the Franklin County Master Mutual Aid Agreement. The Connell Police Department has a full time staff of seven sworn officers and ten reserve officers. The City of Connell is part of an inter-local agreement which establishes Franklin County Emergency Management (FCEM) governed by RCW 38.52.070. Under this agreement, FCEM agrees to assist Connell with its emergency operational plans and procedures; coordinate planning with neighboring counties and applicable state and federal agencies; and coordinate organizational activities during an emergency. The city is also co-signatory to several mutual and auto aid agreements including a Franklin County All Hazard Master Mutual Aid Agreement that provides access to private, public and non-governmental resources. INDUSTRY Agriculture-based industry is a major employer in the Connell area. The Con- Agra/Lamb-Weston potato processing plant, the Americold cold storage facility, and the Pioneer Hi-Bred parent seed processing facility employ a large segment of the population. Irrigated and dry-land farming are also leading industries. Coyote Ridge Corrections Center, a Washington state men’s medium/minimum-security prison, is the leading employer in Connell and the largest prison in the state. The North Franklin School District main office is located in Connell along with four of its six schools and a bus transportation facility. The schools are a focal point in the community and the district is a major employer in the community. HAZARDS The City of Connell may experience a local emergency based on the hazards in and around the city. The Burlington Northern-Santa Fe Railroad has nine spurs in the Connell Area. B&R Ag Spraying owns a paved landing strip used by private aircraft. U.S. 395, the major north-south Page 149 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Annex 2: Connell 2021 - CEMP Pg Annex 2 - 2 route in Franklin County, passes through the eastern part of the city. In addition, the potential for a hazardous materials incident exists. Three facilities have large quantities of materials classified as Extremely Hazardous Substances (EHS) by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA.) This number does not include gas stations or any facility which has hazardous materials packaged for retail sale. Fire Department personnel are compiling a data base of known hazardous materials in the community and this will be on file for emergency responders once completed. Connell has experienced flooding through the city as well. SPECIAL POPULATIONS Connell has an elementary, junior high and high schools in their community. Additionally, they have a community center which is frequently used by various groups, including senior citizens and youth. All the schools in the Connell area are part of the North Franklin School District. Connell also has medical clinics operated by Columbia Basin Health Association and Liberty Clinic. Connell has a high Hispanic population. Coyote Ridge Corrections Center (CRCC) completed an expansion project which opened in January 2009. The expanded facility is capable of housing 2,468 medium and minimum offenders. In addition, the CRCC facility employs over 700 staff. There are reciprocal agreements with CRCCC/WA DOC, city of Connell and Franklin County Emergency Management through the Franklin County Master Mutual Aid Agreement. CONCLUSION Connell High School (1100 West Clark, Connell) is designated as an American Red Cross shelter. In the event of an emergency, FCEM could coordinate for reception and care at this facility. Additionally, the Community Center has become a focal point for the city and can be utilized as a primary gathering spot during emergencies for residents as well as city leadership. FCEM encourages residents, businesses and governments of Pasco to make individual emergency planning considerations for their families and workplaces. This may include, but is not limited to, developing a family disaster plan, equipping themselves with a minimum of a 72- hour disaster supplies kit, and learning the basic first aid skills necessary for survival in a disaster. Families should attempt to be 2 Weeks Ready. This will help residents cope with most emergencies. Page 150 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Annex 3: Mesa 2021 - CEMP Pg Annex 3 - 1 ANNEX 3 MESA DESCRIPTION The City of Mesa is centrally located in Franklin County, 10 miles south of Connell and 22 miles north of Pasco. The population estimate is 505 people (2021 Washington Office of Financial Management). A paid volunteer fire department and paid volunteer ambulances respond to emergencies in the City of Mesa. Franklin County Fire District #1 has a trained staff which may respond to fires in Mesa and the surrounding area. North Franklin Public Hospital District #1 provides emergency medical service for two-thirds of Franklin County, including Mesa. Law enforcement is provided by the Franklin County Sheriff’s Office. The City of Mesa is part of an inter-local agreement which establishes Franklin County Emergency Management (FCEM) governed by RCW 38.52.070. Under this agreement, FCEM agrees to assist Mesa with its emergency operational plans and procedures; coordinate planning with neighboring counties and applicable state and federal agencies; and coordinate organizational activities during an emergency. INDUSTRY Mesa is an agriculturally-based community. The South Columbia Basin Irrigation District and Simplot Soilbuilders employ a good percentage of the population. In addition, both irrigated and dry-land farming, cattle farming, and a nearby dairy provide employment opportunities. HAZARDS The City of Mesa may experience a local emergency based on the hazards in and around the city. Highway 395, the primary north-south route in Franklin County, is just to the east of the city. The Burlington Northern-Santa Fe railroad runs just to the west of town. Two facilities in Mesa reported having hazardous materials in excess of the Environmental Protection Agency’s Threshold Planning Quantities. SPECIAL POPULATIONS An elementary school is located in Mesa. The elementary school is part of the North Franklin School District. In addition, 70% of the population is Hispanic. CONCLUSION FCEM encourages residents, businesses and governments of Pasco to make individual emergency planning considerations for their families and workplaces. This may include, but is not limited to, developing a family disaster plan, equipping themselves with a minimum of a 72- hour disaster supplies kit, and learning the basic first aid skills necessary for survival in a disaster. Families should attempt to be 2 Weeks Ready. This will help residents cope with most emergencies. Page 151 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Annex 4: Kahlotus 2021 - CEMP Pg Annex 4 - 1 ANNEX 4 KAHLOTUS DESCRIPTION The City of Kahlotus is in the northeastern portion of Franklin County, 17 miles east of Connell and 30 miles northeast of Pasco. The population estimate is 165 people (2021 Washington State Office of Financial Management) A volunteer fire department responds to emergencies in the City of Kahlotus. Franklin County Fire District #2 has a trained staff which responds to fires in Kahlotus and the surrounding area. EMS resources/response is not directly available in or around Kahlotus. Law enforcement is provided by the Franklin County Sheriff’s Office. The City of Kahlotus is part of an inter-local agreement which establishes Franklin County Emergency Management (FCEM) governed by RCW 38.52.070. Under this agreement, FCEM agrees to assist Kahlotus with its emergency operational plans and procedures; coordinate planning with neighboring counties and applicable state and federal agencies; and coordinate organizational activities during an emergency. INDUSTRY Kahlotus is an agricultural processing center with a well-educated work-force and a regional wheat terminal. HAZARDS The Lower Monumental Dam is five miles from the town of Kahlotus. The Dam uses hazardous materials in its daily operations, such as lube oil in the turbines and Freon in the heat pumps. The Dam could also affect the town’s residents if flooding occurred, although the town itself is not at risk of inundation. Kahlotus is susceptible to HAZMAT incidents, fire, severe weather and power outages. SPECIAL POPULATIONS Kahlotus has a preschool, an elementary, junior high, and high school within the Kahlotus School District. CONCLUSION FCEM encourages residents, businesses and governments of Pasco to make individual emergency planning considerations for their families and workplaces. This may include, but is not limited to, developing a family disaster plan, equipping themselves with a minimum of a 72- hour disaster supplies kit, and learning the basic first aid skills necessary for survival in a disaster. Families should attempt to be 2 Weeks Ready. This will help residents cope with most emergencies. Page 152 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Annex 5: Unincorporated Franklin County 2021 - CEMP Pg Annex 5 - 1 ANNEX 5 UNINCORPORATED FRANKLIN COUNTY DESCRIPTION The population of the unincorporated areas of Franklin County was 13,975 people (2021 Washington Office of Financial Management). Franklin is county is roughly 1,265 square miles The County’s fire response for the unincorporated portions of the County is comprised of five fire districts (see map at the end of this annex). Franklin County Fire District #1 surrounds the City of Connell and is responsible for the north-central part of the county. Franklin County Fire District #2 surrounds the City of Kahlotus and follows the Snake River south to Ice Harbor Dam, nearly encompassing the eastern boundary of the county. Franklin County Fire District #3 surrounds the City of Pasco and extends north to Sagemoor Road. Franklin County Fire District #4 surrounds the unincorporated community of Basin City and responds in the northwest portion of the county. Franklin County Fire District #5 is situated on the west side of the County and surrounds the unincorporated areas of Merrill’s and Mathew’s corners. Within Franklin County, there is an area which is not directly served by a fire department or protection district. This area is known as the Juniper Dunes. The land is managed by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM), which contracts for Initial and Extended Attack fire suppression by local fire protection districts. Emergency medical response is handled by various agencies depending on the location in the county. The Pasco Fire Department provides emergency medical services (EMS) for the City of Pasco. FCFD#3 provides EMS coverage for its response area. FCFD#2 does not provides EMS coverage for its response area. Franklin County Public Hospital District #1, a paid volunteer ambulance service, provides EMS for FCFD #1, 4, and 5. There are two private EMS providers in the area, Life Flight and American Medical Response. The northeast portion has extremely limited, to no EMS coverage at all. Law enforcement in the unincorporated area of Franklin County is handled by the Franklin County Sheriff’s Office. The cities of Connell and Pasco each have their own city Police Departments. The Washington State Patrol has jurisdiction on the highways and state routes that run throughout the county. Local Law Enforcement also has responsibility on the large rivers in the area as well as lakes. There is a US Coast Guard Station on the Columbia River in Kennewick. Franklin County also has the largest prison in the state within its boundaries. The prison is in Connell, Washington and is a medium security prison. The Franklin County government is part of an inter-local agreement which establishes Franklin County Emergency Management (FCEM) governed by RCW 38.52.070. Under this agreement, FCEM agrees to assist Franklin County with its emergency operational plans and procedures; coordinate planning with neighboring counties and applicable state and federal agencies; and coordinate organizational activities during an emergency. Page 153 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Annex 5: Unincorporated Franklin County 2021 - CEMP Pg Annex 5 - 2 As part of the county’s continuity of operations planning, the Chief Elected Official is the Chairperson of the Board of County Commissioners. If no County Commissioner(s) are available, the line of succession described in Franklin County Resolution 2021-253, Continuity of Government in an Emergency will be followed. When the commissioner(s) are unavailable for/during an emergency situation, this order of succession will be followed: 1. A single Commissioner 4. County Sheriff 2. County Administrator 5. County Treasurer 3. County Prosecutor 6. County Auditor INDUSTRY Agriculture is the primary industry in unincorporated Franklin County. Irrigated and dry-land farming is extensive. Businesses affiliated with agriculture, such as grain storage, processing facilities and irrigation, can be found throughout the county. HAZARDS The hazards for the county are described in the Hazard Vulnerability Analysis, Appendix 7 of the Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan. SPECIAL POPULATIONS Three public elementary schools (Star School, Basin City Elementary, Edwin Markham Elementary) are found in the unincorporated portion of Franklin County. In addition, three private schools are in operation in the county. A large percentage of the county’s population is Hispanic and the number of people in the county swells with the influx of migrant workers during various harvest seasons. People visiting Palouse Falls in the north eastern portion of the county have no EMS coverage even though this area tends to have a higher risk level of injuries due to the tens of thousands of visitors. CONCLUSION FCEM encourages residents, businesses and governments of Pasco to make individual emergency planning considerations for their families and workplaces. This may include, but is not limited to, developing a family disaster plan, equipping themselves with a minimum of a 72- hour disaster supplies kit, and learning the basic first aid skills necessary for survival in a disaster. Families should attempt to be 2 Weeks Ready. This will help residents cope with most emergencies. Page 154 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Annex 5: Unincorporated Franklin County 2021 - CEMP Pg Annex 5 - 3 Page 155 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 1: Transportation 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 1 - 1 EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 1 TRANSPORTATION Primary Agency: Franklin County, Connell & Pasco Public Works Washington State Department of Transportation Pasco Airport United States Coast Guard (Tri-Cities and Portland) Ben-Franklin Transit Kahlotus School District No. 56 North Franklin School District No. J-51 Pasco School District No. 1 Star School District No. 54 Support Agencies: Law Enforcement Agencies Private Industry • Greyhound • Motor-coaches and/or charter bus lines • River resources (Tidewater, charters, river boat touring boats) • Taxi/Cab services Franklin County Emergency Management I. INTRODUCTION A. Purpose The purpose of this Emergency Support Function (ESF) is to establish and maintain effective utilization of all available transportation resources during emergencies. B. Scope 1. This ESF applies to all emergencies considered in the Hazard Vulnerability Analysis. 2. The Franklin County Emergency Management Office will coordinate planning and preparedness activities related to transportation. 3. Principal support agencies will identify the resources and personnel available and designate a coordinator for their resources. II. POLICIES To the maximum extent possible under emergency conditions, transportation of persons, animals and materials will be done in compliance with the public laws and regulations pertaining to the mode and manner of transport. Specifically, the plans and procedures of agencies that carry out this function will specify compliance with requirements for Page 156 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 1: Transportation 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 1 - 2 licensing and qualification of drivers, condition of vehicles, all traffic and other operating requirements. III. SITUATION A. Emergency/Disaster Conditions and Hazards 1. Emergencies such as hazardous material releases, floods and fires pose direct threats to personnel safety in specific geographic areas. Transportation of people out of the affected area(s) can minimize the loss of life and other potential health impacts. Some population groups may require assistance to move out of the affected area. 2. Many emergency conditions may require coordinated and timely movement of equipment, supplies and materials into or out of affected areas. Where the movement of these materials is not specifically provided for under another ESF, their transportation is to be considered part of this ESF. B. Planning Assumptions 1. Most persons residing or working in Franklin County will be able to provide for their own transportation out of a hazard area. Planning for use of response assets under this plan will be concentrated on those groups most likely to need transportation. 2. Transportation resources identified in this plan may be deployed anywhere within Franklin County to carry out their response function. 3. Participating agencies will provide the necessary legal/contractual basis for their employees to carry out assigned duties as part of a coordinated County emergency response. 4. Local resources will be utilized first. If additional resources are needed they will be requested through Washington State Military Department, Emergency Management Division (WAEMD)/ State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC) or coordinated as part of a Mutual Aid Agreement. 5. If the state’s transportation network is severely damaged, the governor may activate the Emergency Highway Traffic Regulation Plan. Under that plan, an immediate post-disaster survey of the total highway system will be initiated by the Washington State Department of Transportation and restrictions may be placed on specific routes. 6. If the cities’/county’s transportation network is severly damage, their public works departments will be responsible for conducting post-disaster surveys, damage assessments and road restrictions/closures. Page 157 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 1: Transportation 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 1 - 3 IV. CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS A. General 1. The primary movement of people, equipment, and supplies will be by privately owned vehicles (automobiles, vans, buses, and light trucks), common carrier trucks, and privately owned trucks. 2. Public transit buses and school buses will be used to transport persons unable to provide their own transportation, including special populations such as the mobility-impaired. 3. Rail, air, and water transportation systems will be used as secondary systems where the specific emergency conditions and requirements of the response indicate. 4. Transportation of animals, equipment and materials will be primarily by privately owned vehicles, use of which will be coordinated by the Emergency Coordination Center (ECC). 5. All local government vehicles are subject to requisition for emergency transportation services and may be assigned as required during a disaster. 6. Use of privately-owned transportation assets that are placed at the disposal of the Emergency Operations organization will be directed by Transportation Coordinator in the Emergency Coordination Center. B. Organization 1. Franklin County Emergency Management: Franklin County has defined the transportation function to include the transport of people, animals and material. No single County executive agency has a scope of activities and resources appropriate for it to assume a primary planning and coordination role. Therefore, the primary planning/coordination responsibility for this ESF is vested in the Franklin County Emergency Management Office (FCEM). 2. Ben-Franklin Transit: Ben-Franklin Transit is a public mass-transit agency that operates transit bus, van-pool and dial-a-ride systems serving the Tri-Cities area of Franklin County. The day-to-day operations of Ben- Franklin Transit are under the direction of the General Manager, who reports to a board of directors. The General Manager designates a member of the Ben-Franklin Transit staff to coordinate planning and preparedness activities with FCEM and to serve as transportation resource coordinator in the Franklin County Emergency Coordination Center. 3. School Districts: The Kahlotus, North Franklin, Pasco and Star School Page 158 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 1: Transportation 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 1 - 4 Districts maintain bus fleets for transportation of pupils. In each case, the District Superintendent/Administrator is responsible for day-to-day operations and reports to an elected board of directors. The Districts Transportation Supervisors maintain and operate the bus fleet under the direction of the Superintendent. Districts may designate a transportation supervisor to assist and advise the County Emergency Coordination Center staff regarding the utilization of that district's transportation assets. 4. Franklin County Public Works: Franklin County Public Works is a Franklin County department. The Director of Public Works reports to the elected Board of Commissioners. The Director designates a member of the Engineering Division staff to coordinate planning and preparedness activities with FCEM and to assist and advise the County Emergency Coordination Center staff regarding the utilization of transportation assets. The Public Works representative will also inform the ECC of any disruption or damage to the transportation system. 5. City Public Works: The Director of Public Works for the cities report to the city manager, mayor and/or city council. The Director designates a member of the Engineering Division staff to coordinate planning and preparedness activities with FCEM and to assist and advise the Franklin County Emergency Coordination Center staff regarding the utilization of transportation assets. The Public Works representative will also inform the ECC of any disruption or damage to the transportation system. 6. Washington State Department of Transportation: Washington State Department of Transportation is responsible for building, maintaining, and operating the state highway system, and works in partnership with others to maintain and improve local roads, railroads, airports, and multi-modal alternatives to driving. C. Mitigation Activities As defined in the Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Plan, transportation is a response function. No mitigation activities have been identified as part of this Emergency Support Function. D. Preparedness Activities Preparedness activities for the effective mobilization and utilization of transportation systems include: • Identifying evacuation routes • Identifying reception centers • Determining the availability of vehicles (including boats and aircraft) • Determining availability of trained operators • Determining the means for communicating with vehicle operators (e.g., radio frequency) Page 159 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 1: Transportation 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 1 - 5 • Identifying fuel supplies • Arranging for maintenance support • Preparing signs to identify pickup points, routes, and detours • Conducting drills/exercises to test the performance of transportation response • Encourage citizens through public education to be prepared to provide their own transportation in the event of an emergency • Ensure emergency messages for a large-scale evacuation are disseminated in English and Spanish, as well as partnering with various local media. • Ensure vehicles that can assist people with access and functional needs are available. Ben-Franklin Transit, School District buses and some private transportation companies have these types of vehicles. E. Response Activities The priority of transportation resources will be assigned based on the protection of: a. Life and Safety b. Property c. Environment d. Economic Vitality 1. If emergency conditions occur for which specific evacuation plans exist, implement those plans. 2. If transportation dependent residents request assistance and/or have access and functional needs, Franklin County Emergency Coordination Center staff will coordinate the deployment of transportation assets to help remove these people from the hazard area. These people are instructed to make prior arrangements with friends, neighbors, or relatives in order to ensure transportation out of the hazard area during an emergency. 3. School children will be transported out of the hazard area and taken to designated Reception and Care Centers. 4. Removal of livestock and animals from hazard areas will be accomplished with primarily private transportation assets coordinated by the Emergency Coordination Center staff. 5. Transportation of equipment, materials and supplies will be coordinated and prioritized as needed by the Emergency Coordination Center Staff. F. Recovery Activities 1. Specific and detailed planning for restoration of the transportation function is not considered in this plan. 2. Specific utilization of transportation resources will be considered in drawing up plans for re-entry and recovery according to the needs and priorities that are evident at that time. Page 160 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 1: Transportation 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 1 - 6 3. Transportation arrangements will be made for those who have no vehicles to ride to disaster recovery assistance centers and to other places where they may receive victim assistance. 4. All agencies and departments must accurately record expenses for response and recovery activities. Should the disaster be declared as a Federal Disaster, reimbursement of expenses for response and recovery may be administered. V. RESPONSIBILITIES A. Primary Agencies: 1. Franklin County/City Public Works • Designate a staff member to coordinate planning and preparedness activities with FCEM. • Maintain such internal procedures and directives as are needed to provide for prompt and effective activation of the Public Works staff and resources to support the Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Plan. • Designate one or more knowledgeable individuals to advise the transportation coordinator in the Emergency Coordination Center regarding the condition of the transportation system during emergencies. • Provide for the emergency maintenance, repair and clearance of City/County/State roadways to facilitate transportation of people, equipment, and supplies. 2. Washington State Department of Transportation • Designate a staff member to coordinate planning and preparedness activities with FCEM. • Maintain such internal procedures and directives as are needed to provide for prompt and effective activation of the WSDOT staff and resources to support the Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Plan. • Designate one or more knowledgeable individuals to advise the transportation coordinator in the Emergency Coordination Center regarding the condition of the transportation system during emergencies. Page 161 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 1: Transportation 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 1 - 7 • Provide for the emergency maintenance, repair and clearance of City/County/State roadways to facilitate transportation of people, equipment, and supplies. 3. Pasco Airport • Designate a staff member to coordinate planning and preparedness activities with FCEM. • Maintain such internal procedures and directives as are needed to provide for prompt and effective activation of the Port of Pasco staff and resources to support the Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Plan. • Designate one or more knowledgeable individuals to advise the transportation coordinator in the Emergency Coordination Center regarding the condition of the transportation system during emergencies. • Provide for the emergency maintenance, repair and clearance of County roadways to facilitate transportation of people, equipment, and supplies. 4. United States Coast Guard (Tri-Cities and Portland detachments) • Designate a staff member to coordinate planning and preparedness activities with FCEM. • Maintain such internal procedures and directives as are needed to provide for prompt and effective activation of the USCG staff and resources to support the Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Plan. • Designate one or more knowledgeable individuals to advise the transportation coordinator in the Emergency Coordination Center regarding the condition of the transportation system during emergencies. • Provide for the emergency maintenance, repair and clearance of County roadways to facilitate transportation of people, equipment, and supplies. 5. Ben-Franklin Transit • Designate a staff member to coordinate planning and preparedness activities with FCEM. Page 162 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 1: Transportation 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 1 - 8 • Maintain such internal procedures and directives as are needed to provide for prompt and effective activation of the BFT staff and resources to support the Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Plan. • Provide transportation vehicle assistance when capable, including vehicles that are ADA compliant. • Designate one or more knowledgeable individuals to serve as transportation resource coordinator in the County Emergency Coordination Center during emergencies. 6. School Districts • Designate a staff member to coordinate planning and preparedness activities with FCEM. • Maintain such internal procedures and directives as are needed to provide for prompt and effective activation of the district’s transportation staff and resources to support the Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Plan. • Designate one or more knowledgeable individuals to advise the transportation resource coordinator in the County Emergency Coordination Center during emergencies B. Support Agencies: 1. Greyhound/Motor coaches/Charter Bus lines • Designate a staff member to coordinate planning and preparedness activities with FCEM. • If requested and possible, activation of their staff and resources to support the Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Plan. • Designate one or more knowledgeable individuals to advise the transportation coordinator in the Emergency Coordination Center regarding the condition of the transportation system during emergencies. • Provide for the emergency maintenance, repair and clearance of County roadways to facilitate transportation of people, equipment, and supplies. 2. Tidewater/River charters/tour boats and river resources Page 163 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 1: Transportation 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 1 - 9 • Designate a staff member to coordinate planning and preparedness activities with FCEM. • If requested and possible, activation of their staff and resources to support the Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Plan. • Designate one or more knowledgeable individuals to advise the transportation coordinator in the Emergency Coordination Center regarding the condition of the transportation system during emergencies. • Provide for the emergency maintenance, repair and clearance of County roadways to facilitate transportation of people, equipment, and supplies. 3. Taxi Cab services • Designate a staff member to coordinate planning and preparedness activities with FCEM. • If requested and possible, activation of their staff and resources to support the Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Plan. • Designate one or more knowledgeable individuals to advise the transportation coordinator in the Emergency Coordination Center regarding the condition of the transportation system during emergencies. • Provide for the emergency maintenance, repair and clearance of County roadways to facilitate transportation of people, equipment, and supplies. 4. Franklin County Emergency Management The Franklin County Emergency Management office will coordinate planning and preparedness for the transportation function by: • Assisting support agencies in developing their internal response procedures and guidelines. • Maintaining a procedure/checklist for the Transportation Coordinator and Public Works Coordinator positions in the Emergency Coordination Center. • Maintaining an inventory of transportation resources and contacts. • Assisting county residents and private organizations in addressing transportation-related concerns and in planning for use of private Page 164 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 1: Transportation 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 1 - 10 transportation resources during emergencies. • Disseminate emergency VI. RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS Franklin County Emergency Management FCEM has no transportation resources, but will attempt to maintain a list of contacts and resources available from private entities that may be accessed to move people, animals or materials during an emergency. Franklin City/County Public Works FCPW maintains the County vehicle pool which includes an assortment of cars, light trucks, dump trucks, trailers, and heavy equipment. FCPW also maintains its own radio net for direction and control of staff and assets throughout the County. Ben Franklin Transit BFT maintains their vehicle pool which includes an assortment of vans, busses and various vehicles. BFT also maintains their own radio system for communications with their vehicles. Washington State Department of Transportation WSDOT maintains the vehicle pool which includes an assortment of cars, light trucks, dump trucks, trailers, and heavy equipment. WDOT also maintains its own radio net for direction and control of staff and assets throughout the County. Pasco Airport Port of Pasco maintains their vehicle pool which includes an assortment of cars, light trucks, dump trucks, trailers, and heavy equipment. Port of Pasco also maintains its own radio net for direction and control of staff and assets throughout the County. Greyhound/Motor Coaches/Charter Bus Lines Greyhound maintains their vehicle pool which includes an assortment of busses/vehicles. Tidewater/River charters/Tour boats and river resources River resources maintain their own inventory of marine assets. Some also maintain their own radio net for direction and control of staff and assets. Taxi Cab Services Taxi Cab Services maintain their own vehicle pool. They also maintain their own radio net for direction and control of staff and assets throughout the area. United States Coast Guard (Tri-Cities and Portland Detachments) Page 165 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 1: Transportation 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 1 - 11 USCG maintains their inventory of marine assets. USCG also maintains their own radio net for direction and control of staff and assets. VII. REFERENCES 1. Revised Code of Washington 28A-160-080, School Buses, Rental or Lease for Emergency Purposes – Authorization 2. Revised Code of Washington 28A-160-090, School Buses, Rental or Lease for Emergency Purposes - Board to Determine District Policy - Conditions if Rent or Lease. 3. See Appendix 3 VIII. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS See Appendix 4 Page 166 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 2: Communication, Information Systems, & Warning 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 2 - 1 EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 2 COMMUNICATIONS, INFORMATION SYSTEMS, AND WARNING Primary Agencies: Franklin County Emergency Management Southeast Communications Center (SECOMM) Franklin County Information Services City of Pasco Information Services Support Agencies: Law Enforcement Fire/EMS Services, Districts & Departments North Franklin Public Hospital District Radio Amateur Civil Emergency Services (RACES) KONA and KORD Broadcast Stations Local Broadcast Media I. INTRODUCTION A. Purpose To provide guidance for rapid alert and warning to key public officials and the general public of an impending or occurring natural or human-caused emergency or disaster. To provide guidance for organizing, establishing, and maintaining the communications capabilities necessary to meet the operational requirements of local response and recovery efforts. To provide a continuous flow of information throughout an emergency or disaster. B. Scope ESF #2 describes the coordination of local actions to establish and maintain communications and warning systems to prepare for, respond to and recover from emergencies or disasters which may affect the citizens and operations of local government. Local government has organized, equipped, and maintains capable communication systems necessary to meet daily operational requirements, and to maintain these capabilities during emergencies or disaster response and recovery operations. II. POLICIES A. To the maximum extent possible under emergency conditions, communication and warning functions will be performed in compliance with existing telecommunications regulations and requirements. Radio systems operated by Franklin County will conform to the conditions of the applicable FCC license(s). B. Franklin County and its municipalities will maintain capability to rapidly warn the public when disaster threatens so that citizens may take necessary actions to protect Page 167 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 2: Communication, Information Systems, & Warning 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 2 - 2 themselves and their property. C. Emergency public information is normally gathered and distributed by the designated Public Information Officer (PIO) at the ECC or with the IC-PIO on-scene. Before these messages can be disseminated to the public, they must be approved by the IC or Emergency Chairman in the ECC/EOC. If the Emergency Chairman is unavailable, the Emergency Manager, which may be the Director of Emergency Management, Franklin County Sheriff, Prosecutor, Administrator or Mayor of an affected jurisdiction must approve messages before public distribution. III. SITUATION A. Emergency/Disaster Conditions and Hazards A natural or human-caused emergency or disaster may occur at anytime that requires dissemination of warning or notification of emergency information to local public officials and the general public. These warnings may originate from any level of government. Most forecasting resources are located within the federal government and may include warnings for natural and human caused disasters. Communications will be one of our first concerns in the focus of life-saving activities. Emergency information to the public may include information about evacuation, sheltering-in-place, protective actions, food and water supply locations, transportation, relocation, contacting family and friends, and accessing lists of missing or deceased persons. It may also include information about accessing social and health services and where to find human and domestic animal shelters. B. Planning Assumptions 1. There is no single comprehensive emergency management communications system that connects all elements of the Franklin County emergency response capability. Capabilities presently available in Franklin County include the systems available at the Southeast Communication Center, Franklin County ECC/EOC, and the systems used by law enforcement agencies, fire services and emergency medical services. 2. Amateur radio operators will be available in an emergency or disaster through the established local amateur radio organizations. They have a station setup at the ECC. 3. Communications assistance may be provided by the State or Federal government. Commercial telephone, Satellite telephones, CEMNET, DOE SafetyNet or dedicated circuits will be used to communicate with the WA SEOC. 4. In severe and/or extended disaster operations, the Federal Emergency Management Agency's Mobile Emergency Radio Service (MERS) unit, stationed in at FEMA Region X in Bothell, Washington may be available upon request. 5. The Washington State Emergency Operations Center (WA-SEOC) has access to the Washington Military Department’s communications services, which can be used in the event of a major emergency or disaster in the region. Page 168 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 2: Communication, Information Systems, & Warning 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 2 - 3 IV. CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS A. General 1. The Southeast Communications (SECOMM) Center will serve as Franklin County’s 24-hour-a-day communication center to receive notification of emergencies or disasters and activate emergency response functions. Communications during emergencies and disaster situations will be carried out using the established communications systems used in day-to-day operations to the degree that they survive the disaster and continue to afford adequate communications within the county and mutual aid responders. Primary and backup methods for each key communication requirement will be designated. 2. Communications capabilities for notification of key officials include telephone, radio and cellular phone. Franklin County Emergency Management staff and Franklin County Commissioners can be notified via telephone, cellular phone, in order to make their designated notifications and to coordinate warning operations. Back-up systems such as law enforcement teletype, local government service radio, amateur radio and citizen band radio may be used to assist in disseminating information if necessary. The National Warning System (NAWAS) point for Franklin County is the SECOMM Center located in Richland, WA. 3. The Emergency Alert System (EAS) operates through designated radio and televisions stations. Franklin County is in the Columbia Basin Operational Area. The designated LP-1 EAS station is KONA, FM 105.3/ 610AM and the LP-2 station is KORD, FM 102.7. The Emergency Alert System is the primary warning method in Franklin County for large/county-wide emergency notifications. It can be activated by authorized officials in each jurisdiction, according to procedures contained in the Columbia Basin EAS Operational Area Plan. Usage will be in compliance with Appendix-9 LEP. CodeRED Emergency Telephone Notification System (ETNS) is a telephonic mass notification system that can be activated by FCEM and select fire and law enforcement officials. This system provides the ability to notify the public based upon a given geographic area. Notifications can be made via telephone, cell phone, text or email. This notification system will be used as a secondary notification/warning system and residents are responsible for signing up for this free service. Wireless Emergency Alert (WEA) is integrated into the CodeRED system, giving Franklin County access to the FEMA managed system. WEA allows a specific targeted area to receive emergency messages based off of a cell tower triangulated mapping system. Usage will be in compliance with Appendix-9 LEP. Page 169 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 2: Communication, Information Systems, & Warning 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 2 - 4 4. Telephone landline service is provided by Verizon, Century Link and Frontier. Voice over internet protocol (VOIP) is provided by several different providers, all of whom have toll lines that run through the county. Cellular phone service is provided by AT&T Wireless / FirstNet, Verizon Wireless, Sprint, T-Mobile and US Cellular. The cellular providers all have towers and networks that cover Franklin County. B. Organization 1. Franklin County Emergency Management: FCEM has a local Emergency Coordination/Operations Center where communications are supported through telephone, radio, internet, and cellular systems. The agency keeps an EAS receiver near the ECC/EOC, which receives weekly tests of the system. FCEM has the ability to record messages on the EAS for dissemination to the local public broadcasters. 2. Southeast Communications Center: SECOMM provides emergency dispatch (9- 1-1) services to Benton and Franklin counties and the incorporated cities within each of those counties. SECOMM is created by, and operates through an Inter- Local Agreement between all the cities and both counties. A board with designated representatives, stipulated in the interlocal agency agreement, manages the agency. The SECOMM Center will be the Primary Warning Point (PWP) and central communications center for all Benton and Franklin County emergency response (Fire/Law Enforcement/EMS). 3. The City of Connell: Connell Police and Fire Departments utilize the SECOMM Center for emergency response calls. EMS is provided by the North Franklin Public Hospital District (NFPHD) that also utilizes SECOMM’s services. The city of Connell uses SECOMM for 9-1-1 emergency call services. 4. The Cities of Mesa and Kahlotus: These municipalities utilize the Franklin County Sheriff’s Office (FCSO) for law enforcement services. Fire/EMS response is from volunteer fire district NFPHD. FCSO and the fire districts utilize the SECOMM Center for emergency response calls. The cities of Mesa and Kahlotus use SECOMM for 9-1-1 emergency call services. 5. Franklin County Sheriff’s Office (FCSO): The Franklin County Sheriff’s Office is under the direction of the elected County Sheriff. The FCSO is the sole law enforcement entity for the cities of Mesa and Kahlotus, as well as having responsibility for the entire county. 6. Emergency Communication and Warning: Public information and warning functions for Franklin County are coordinated through FCEM, the SECOMM Center, Law Enforcement and Fire agencies. The Incident Commander, FCEM Emergency Manager or Emergency Chairman must authorize/approve all outgoing alerts, warnings, and press releases originating from the ECC/EOC. Emergency information distributed through EAS/CodeRED will be used in compliance with Appendix 9 - Limited English Proficiency of this CEMP. Page 170 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 2: Communication, Information Systems, & Warning 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 2 - 5 C. Procedures Various agencies, groups and communications/alert/warning systems function under this ESF and their specific operational plans and procedures: 1. State Emergency Management NAWAS Handbook 2. Washington State EAS Plan 3. Columbia Basin Operational Plan 4. County ARES Standard Operating Procedures 5. State RACES Plan D. Mitigation FCEM conducts exercises at the ECC/EOC which include practicing ARES/RACES/HAM communications for coordinating messages and information with the WA-SEOC, other counties and a Joint Information Center (JIC), if one is assembled. They provide situation reports (sit-reps) to the state, resource requests and redundant communications to provide updates to those entities. FCEM encourages and promotes mutual aid and cooperation between state and local jurisdictions and agencies. E. Preparedness 1. ECC/EOC training for response agencies is coordinated through Emergency Management. FCEM coordinates with WA State EM to ensure operational readiness of communications. FCEM also maintains an operational ECC with emergency communications capabilities and operational procedures. 2. All agencies involved in emergency operations should be able to provide essential staff for the emergency or disaster while non-essential staff should be placed on stand-by. They will maintain their communications resources and make them available to support disaster operations. 3. Periodic, training, drills, tests, and exercises will be conducted to maintain the operational communication capability. 4. FCEM will maintain a dialogue with local organizations representing licensed amateur radio operators and invite their participation in periodic emergency communications drills and exercises. F. Response 1. FCEM will maintain communications with the State, neighboring jurisdictions and other agencies, as necessary. FCEM will utilize the CEMNET radio link with the State EOC and the High Frequency Amateur Radio Transceiver. 2. FCEM will arrange for amateur radio communications at Community Reception Page 171 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 2: Communication, Information Systems, & Warning 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 2 - 6 and Care centers and other locations as needed. 3. SECOMM will serve as the primary communications link between the ECC/EOC and the local 9-1-1 response resources. SECOMM will also relay emergency notifications to county officials and responders in accordance with their approved communications protocols. 4. Other agencies will be responsible for the relay of information from the ECC/EOC to field responders in accordance with their communication protocols and command instructions. G. Recovery Channels/pathways for dissemination of re-entry and recovery information will be the same as those for all other phases of the emergency unless otherwise specified during recovery planning. V. RESPONSIBILITIES A. Primary Agency: Franklin County Emergency Management FCEM coordinates emergency communications for the ECC/EOC located at 1011 E. Ainsworth St., Pasco WA. Specific information include: 1. Coordinating between support agencies and response assets within the County to establish and maintain effective and reliable communications methods. 2. Ensuring the maintenance of a reliable communications system for emergency notifications between Washington State Emergency Operations Center, SECOMM Center, and the Franklin County Emergency Coordination/Operations Center for all hazards/emergencies. B. Primary Agency: SECOMM Center The SECOMM Center is primary warning point for Benton and Franklin Counties. The SECOMM Center is responsible for: 1. Maintaining a 24-hour capability to receive emergency notifications from Columbia Generating Station, DOE Occurrence Notification Center, Tri-Cities Airport, NAWAS, local fire/EMS/law enforcement agencies and others. 2. Maintaining a 24-hour capability to receive emergency 9-1-1 calls from residents and businesses. 3. Providing rapid notification to county authorities, response agencies and FCEM in accordance with standard procedures and event or condition specific checklists. Page 172 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 2: Communication, Information Systems, & Warning 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 2 - 7 4. Support emergency operations by conveying directions, requests, status reports and other critical communications between the ECC/EOC and law enforcement and fire agencies. C. Support Agencies: FCSO, Pasco and Connell Police/Fire, Franklin County Fire Protection Districts and EMS Providers Maintaining a 24-hour capability to receive and relay emergency notifications from SECOMM. 1. These agencies will support emergency communications by receiving/relaying notifications through their normal means of communications (800Mhz/VHF radio, cell-phones and telephones). VI. RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS The emergency management communications resources presently available to Franklin County are: A. Telephone (Commercial, private and leased lined telephone, cellular phone, satellite and facsimile may be used). B. NAWAS (National Warning System, land line-voice) C. EAS (Emergency Alert System) D. CEMNET (Comprehensive Emergency Management Network, 2-way radio) E. Amateur Radio (2-way radio in the VHF and HF bands) F. Department of Energy (2-way radio on DOE-Safety Net) G. 2-way radio frequencies used by Law Enforcement Fire Service, Emergency Medical Services, and local governments. H. Energy Northwest telephone circuit and satellite phones I. Cell Phone, Internet email etc. J. CodeRED Emergency Telephone Notification System VII. REFERENCES See Appendix 3 VIII. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS See Appendix 4 Page 173 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 3: Public Works and Engineering 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 3 - 1 EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 3 PUBLIC WORKS AND ENGINEERING Primary Agency: Franklin County Public Works Department Pasco Public Works Connell Public Works Mesa Public Works Kahlotus Public Works Washington Department of Transportation Support Agencies: Franklin County Emergency Management City/County Building Departments U.S. Army Corp of Engineers Franklin County Public Utility District Private Sector Companies I. INTRODUCTION A. Purpose This ESF is developed for the cooperative efforts of Franklin County and the incorporated municipalities to perform public works and engineering tasks in the event of a disaster or emergency. These coordinated activities should include emergency construction, demolition, inspection, operation and repair of facilities and roads to support emergency operations and the removal and disposal of waste. B. Scope 1. This ESF applies to all emergencies considered in the Hazard Vulnerability Analysis. 2. The Franklin County Public Works Department will coordinate planning and preparedness activities related to public works and engineering. Public works provides a variety of specialized and heavy equipment, trained equipment operators, plus technical and engineering staff. 3. Principal support agencies will identify resources and personnel available and designate a coordinator for their resources. II. POLICIES A. Appropriate local agencies, volunteer and private sector resources will be used as available to provide assistance for public works and engineering activities. B. Debris clearance and road repairs will be given priority to support immediate life- saving emergency response activities. Page 174 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 3: Public Works and Engineering 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 3 - 2 C. Public works and engineering requirements which cannot be met at the local level will be escalated upward for State, then Federal assistance if needed. D. Agencies will perform tasks within their own policies, authority and guidelines for providing public works and engineering services. E. Additional information can be found in Revised Code of Washington (RCW) 43.19.450, Department of Enterprise Services. III. SITUATION A. Emergency/Disaster Conditions and Hazards Emergencies, both natural (tornadoes, floods, and droughts) and technological (contamination of water supplies, etc.) can have profound effects on the public services and utilities in Franklin County. The ability to quickly remove debris and repair roads, bridges, railways, and air/sea ports is essential to minimizing the health, safety and economic impact of a disaster. B. Planning Assumptions 1. Rapid assessment of the involved area(s) will be initiated to determine critical needs and priorities. Resources, including personnel, will be identified, prioritized, and managed based on critical needs. 2. Actions to support immediate lifesaving response, such as clearing debris and emergency repair of critical roads and streets will be given high priority. 3. Policies and procedures for response to emergencies will be established by the Director of each Public Works or Engineering Department. 4. Engineering support not available through the public agencies will be obtained from private sector firms. 5. During and after emergencies, public utilities will operate within their authorized service areas and according to their respective charters. 6. Requests for public works resources that cannot be filled locally will be forwarded through Emergency Management channels to State government. IV. CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS A. General Page 175 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 3: Public Works and Engineering 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 3 - 3 1. City/Franklin County Public Works will provide engineering expertise and equipment to complete damage assessment and conduct debris clearance. 2. City/Franklin County will also coordinate the response of other agencies, equipment and representatives and function as a liaison to the Emergency Coordination Center. 3. Close coordination will be maintained between county and local jurisdiction officials to determine potential tasks. The tasks will be determined jointly after a Proclamation of Emergency is enacted by the highest official(s). 4. The City/County Engineer is in charge of all county roads and bridges and the local jurisdiction Engineer is in charge of roads of the municipality. Operations begin with support to law enforcement, emergency medical and fire services and damage assessment teams. 5. If needs exceed local resources the FCEM ECC/EOC can contact the Washington State Military Department, Emergency Management Division (WAEMD)/ State Emergency Operation Center (SEOC) for assistance. The federal government may render assistance if needs exceed the capabilities of the county and state, provided the event has received a Presidential Declaration of Disaster. B. Organization 1. Franklin County Public Works (FCPW): FCPW is a County department headed by the Director of Public Works, who reports to the Franklin County Board of Commissioners. The Public Works Department consists of engineering staff, vehicle maintenance and road maintenance personnel. FCPW has direct operational responsibility for maintenance and repair of the County road network. In addition, FCPW has coordination responsibility for the solid waste disposal service providers in the county and is responsible for debris clearance. 2. Municipal Public Works/Engineering Departments. The Municipal Public Works and Engineering Departments are elements of the respective city governments. The manager or director of public works reports to the respective Mayor or City Manager. 3. Building Departments. The county and local jurisdictions conduct services such as building and structure assessments and enforcement of building codes. They are organized to identify vulnerabilities to structures based on specific criteria and regulations. 4. Port District. The Pasco Port has transportation, excavation, snow plows, pumps and other equipment to support public works functions. Page 176 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 3: Public Works and Engineering 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 3 - 4 5. Franklin County Public Utility District (PUD). This publicly owned utility district has an array of equipment that can be utilized during an emergency or disaster. The company employs linemen, systems analysts, hydro-electrical and vehicle mechanics and engineers. They employ public information, customer service and administrative staff. C. Mitigation Activities Public works departments, in partnership with FCEM, are responsible for identifying potential natural and technological disasters. Public works departments will provide current development support along with monitoring and coordinating implementation of mitigation measures aimed to reduce or prevent damages caused by these events. Building a strong alliance with FCEM is key to promoting mitigation action plans such as floodplain and floodwater plots, storm water and drainage plans, and transportation and roadway (including bridges) plans. Mitigation action plans should include strategies for implementing the mitigation measures, including information on the responsible agency, time frame, cost estimate, funding source, and a statement of measurable results. D. Preparedness Activities All jurisdictions with Public Works and Engineering Departments will maintain emergency call lists, operating procedures and emergency engineering resources and update them as needed. E. Response 1. All jurisdictions with Public Works or Engineering Departments will provide Franklin County Emergency Management with current damage assessment information; provide the Emergency Coordination Center with a single point of contact for emergency operations; and, conduct operations in accordance with internal procedures for emergency operations and disaster response. 2. Public works and Engineering Departments will coordinate the mobilization of personnel and equipment required for emergency engineering/repair of roads and facilities, perform emergency debris removal to protect lives and property, and assist with conducting damage assessment operations for public facilities. 3. Upon receipt of mobilization authorization, the County Engineer and City Public Works Directors will alert personnel and begin emergency engineering operations consistent with operating procedures. 4. Franklin County Emergency Management will activate the Emergency Coordination Center, notify Washington State Emergency Operations Center, and coordinate emergency public information related to Page 177 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 3: Public Works and Engineering 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 3 - 5 engineering activities with engineering departments and with the Public Information Officer. 5. Public Works will invoke their debris removal plans as appropriate and their Field Divisions will implement those plans. Public Works have a pre- approved list of contractors that can be utilized to support the response. 6. The city of Pasco, Public Works, has a Water Utility Emergency Response Plan as well. F. Recovery 1. Franklin County Emergency Management will coordinate with State and Federal engineering services agencies to coordinate Federal public assistance claims and grants for repair/reconstruction on vital facilities. 2. Franklin County Emergency Management will assist in compiling damage assessment reports and act upon request for State and Federal Assistance as needed. 3. Franklin County ECC staff will advise the Emergency Chairman or MAC Group, who will determine priorities among users if adequate utility supply is not available to meet all essential needs, and coordinate supporting resources for utility restoration and repair to meet essential needs. 4. Public Works and Engineering Departments will perform repairs and/or reconstruction on vital facilities and roads and document costs on a worksite-by-worksite basis with a special accounting/cost code. V. RESPONSIBILITIES A. Primary Agency: City/Franklin County Public Works 1. Provide a representative to the ECC/EOC to fill the position of Public Works Coordinator. The Public Works Coordinator will coordinate emergency Public Works and Engineering activities, assess needs and resources, establish priorities and advise the Emergency Manager on utilization of those resources. 2. Identify the needs and appropriate responses and facilitate interactions between different public works departments during an emergency. 3. Direction and control of the operational capabilities for engineering and public works will reside with the respective Directors or Managers of the Public Works departments. Page 178 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 3: Public Works and Engineering 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 3 - 6 4. Coordinate the issuance of permits to do work on county and city roadways, and coordinate the inspection of public utility services installed in road rights-of-way. 5. Coordinate the issuance of permits for transport of overweight equipment and loads during emergencies. B. Support Agencies: 1. City/County Building Departments a. Advise the Public Works Coordinator of their department's capabilities and availability of staff, equipment and materials. b. Ensure compliance with the State statutes and local codes through inspection, review of design, construction management, and issuing of required permits. c. Deploy available resources to support emergency engineering, repair, reconstruction and restoration of services. 2. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers a. USACE will act as needed in response to flooding under PL 84- 99. The Corps will also provide support to state and local engineering efforts if a Presidential Major Disaster Declaration is in effect and if FEMA has issued a mission assignment to the Corps. 3. Private Sector Companies a. Private industry such as the Associated General Contractors (AGC) of America, can provide inspection services, heavy equipment, and trained operators to supplement local and state emergency engineering efforts. Washington State has two chapters of AGC of America: Seattle and Spokane. b. Other local private resources have been identified and may be available to the jurisdiction. 4. Franklin County Emergency Management a. Support emergency operations through the ECC by aiding in coordination of resource ordering and tracking. b. Deploy available resources to support engineering, repair, reconstruction and restoration services through the ECC and MAC Group VI. RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS Page 179 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 3: Public Works and Engineering 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 3 - 7 Pasco PW and FCPW have made available its resources of road maintenance and construction equipment, including graders, loaders, dump trucks and trailers for transporting heavy equipment. Each support agency has general-purpose and specialized equipment and resources that may be useful in emergency conditions. Inventories of these resources will not be maintained as part of this plan but will maintained as part of the Public Works Coordinator's working references in the ECC/EOC. FCPW has its own radio net for control of its resources and operations. Key FCPW staff and supervisors are assigned cellular phones. Pasco Public have issued cell phones to their key PW staff and supervisors. Pasco PW utilizes the VHF/800 Mhz radios that are maintained at the FC ECC/EOC during emergency operations. VII. REFERENCES See Appendix 3 VIII. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS See Appendix 4 Page 180 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 4: Firefighting 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 4 - 1 EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 4 FIREFIGHTING Primary Agencies: Fire Districts/Departments Support Agencies: Emergency Management SECOMM Center (9-1-1 Dispatch) Law Enforcement Public Works Emergency Medical Services Washington State Patrol I. INTRODUCTION A. Purpose To establish policies for effective coordination between fire agencies and units in detection and suppression of wildland, rural, and urban fires; whether occurring independently, or in addition to other disasters. These policies also address the coordination of fire agencies and units for the performance of specialized rescue operations, technical rescue, HAZMAT and emergency medical services, coordination between fire service and other agencies such as law enforcement, and any other events requiring fire response. B. Scope ESF #4 manages and coordinates firefighting activities, including the detection and suppression of fires on Federal, State and local lands, and provides personnel, equipment, and supplies in support of State, tribal, and local agencies involved in wildland, rural, and urban firefighting operations. Only two fire agencies within Franklin County have EMS as part of their operations – Pasco Fire and Franklin County Fire District #3. The North Franklin Public Hospital District #1 provides EMS coverage to some portions of rural Franklin County, but there are areas without any EMS in Franklin County. Mainly in the North Eastern portion of the county. Mitigation activities for this ESF include: • Public Education and outreach programs • Fire Code Inspections • Prescribed burning and weed/brush suppression • Participation in the Local Emergency Planning Committees (LEPCs) to facilitate communication between fire agencies and industries and industrial hazards. • Community Wildfire Protection Plans (CWPP) C. Preparedness Page 181 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 4: Firefighting 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 4 - 2 1. Local fire and EMS departments and agencies develop SOPs in accordance with state and local regulations, as well as this plan. They acquire and maintain necessary supplies and equipment, and train personnel in their use. Training all personnel in the implementation and use of the Incident Command System is imperative. Contributing to the development and maintenance of this plan and participation in emergency/disaster exercises and drills are also a major part of preparedness. 2. Local fire agencies participate in the development of emergency plans such as this Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP) and others like the Community Wildfire Protection Plan (CWPP). D. Response 1. Franklin County Emergency Management will activate the Emergency Coordination Center, issue warnings, notify appropriate agencies of emergency situations as necessary, coordinate resource needs during any incident. FCEM will submit resource requests to the Washington State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC) for local response agencies through an ordering program called WebEOC that the Washington State EOC manages. 2. Franklin County Emergency Management will activate the Emergency Alert System (EAS) and/or CodeRED as necessary, and coordinate with the fire service Public Information Officers in dissemination of emergency public information. 3. The Washington State Patrol will serve as the WSP Resources Coordinator when the Washington State Fire Services Resource Mobilization Plan is activated. Provide staff to the SEOC to coordinate fire activities. May request resources from DNR through the interagency agreement when the Washington State Fire Services Resource Mobilization Plan is activated. 4. Response of fire services will be dependent on the type and severity of the disaster. Response functions could range from small scale fire suppres- sion and control to incidents affecting large sections of the population. 5. If it appears that existing resources are inadequate (exclusive of mutual aid), FCEM will assist, as requested, in procuring necessary resources throughout the Southeast Region and Washington State Fire Mobilization Plan. 6. If the FC ECC is activated, a Fire Coordinator will be sent to the Emergency Coordination Center and may serve as a liaison for the Incident Commander. The Fire Coordinator will serve as ESF #4 in the FC ECC and is responsible for procuring/coordinating additional resources needed on the scene. Page 182 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 4: Firefighting 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 4 - 3 E. Recovery 1. Each department, agency and individual shall maintain accurate records of the incident. They will be responsible for maintaining disaster and recovery expense records for future possible reimbursement. Financial issues such as supplies used, equipment lost or damaged, wages for hours worked including overtime, and other costs require documentation before reimbursement is issued. If emergency vehicles, communications equipment, or stations are damaged, special contracts may be needed for their quick repair or replacement, and temporary or long-term arrangements may be needed. During the Recovery phase, it is imperative to maintain communication and coordination with the FCEM ECC. Fire departments and districts may provide public information regarding safety issues as people return to their homes and businesses. Departments, districts, and individuals involved in the emergency or disaster should participate in post event reviews and critiques, and contribute to written reports regarding observations and recommendations. 2. Support for the fire/EMS personnel is also part of recovery and returning to normal operations. This support may include counseling, or Critical Incident Stress Management (CISM). 3. Fire Departments will continue to communicate with the FC ECC and coordinate recovery activities, as priorities and resources allow. They will continue to assist with damage assessment reports and other requirements necessary for obtaining financial assistance for the county and involved cities or towns. V. RESPONSIBILITIES A. Primary Agencies: Local Fire Agencies 1. Support state firefighting activities consistent with this ESF and the Washington State Fire Services Resource Mobilization Plan. B. Support Agencies 1. SECOMM Center a. The on-duty dispatcher, upon receipt of information that a fire or disaster has occurred, or may occur, shall be responsible for initiating notification of city or county fire districts according to established procedure. Page 183 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 4: Firefighting 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 4 - 4 b. As requested by the IC, provide a dedicated fire dispatcher to coordinate communications between the Emergency Coordination Center and field units, and coordinate with the other Expanded Resource Order Coordinator (EROC) at the SECOMM center. c. Franklin County Emergency Management personnel may deploy to the Benton EOC to assist the EROC and SECOMM as requested/needed. 2. Franklin County Emergency Management a. Serve as a point of contact for fire service requests for local, state, and federal disaster-related assets and services. b. Provide logistical and other support to fire service agencies upon request, and will assist the fire services ECC representative in coordinating fire functions as needed/requested in the FC ECC. c. Maintain a list of resources for the fire departments and districts in Franklin County to help facilitate mutual aid requests. VI. RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS 1. Joint primary and support agencies will provide personnel, facilities and equipment necessary to support firefighting activities. 2. Once local and state resources are exhausted, resources may be requested through the Emergency Mutual Aid Compact (EMAC) process. VII. REFERENCES See Appendix 3 VIII. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS See Appendix 4 Page 184 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 5: Emergency Management 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 5 - 1 EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 5 EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT Primary Agency: Franklin County Emergency Management Support Agencies: Chief Elected Officials Local Government Agencies Fire Services Law Enforcement American Red Cross Public Works I. INTRODUCTION A. Purpose The purpose of this portion of the Emergency Support Function (ESF) is to provide for the effective direction, control, and coordination of emergency management activities, during emergency or disaster operations and to assist in the continued operation of local government during and after emergencies and disasters. B. Policies 1. If an emergency or disaster is beyond the normal capabilities of local government, a local declaration of emergency is made by the heads of the involved governments in accordance with Revised Code of Washington RCW 36.40.180 for counties and RCW 35.33.081 for cities. The declaration is vetted by the jurisdiction’s legal counsel, then the declaration is prepared by Franklin County Emergency Management (FCEM), and is approved and signed by the heads of government as an ordinance or resolution. This declaration is a prerequisite for state and federal assistance. 2. The elected executive officials, department heads and other key officials may operate from the Emergency Coordination Center (ECC)/EOC or an alternative Command Post during emergency or disaster situations. Information regarding the situation will be coordinated at the ECC/EOC and the elected and/or senior government officials will make the policy decisions. 3. FCEM in cooperation with the incident agency(ies) coordinates local capabilities and resources needed to alleviate or lessen the impact of a disaster or emergency. When the situation is determined to be beyond the capabilities of local government, FCEM also provides the necessary liaison for state and federal assistance. Page 185 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 5: Emergency Management 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 5 - 2 4. The National Incident Management System provides a standardized approach to field command and control of emergency or disaster response and recovery operations. The National Incident Management System (NIMS) has been adopted by Franklin County, the four incorporated municipalities, and fire districts within Franklin County. 5. The Franklin County ECC/EOC will assist in providing a standardized approach to the process of coordinating incident objectives, priorities, authorities, and costs between the incident agencies based upon developed intelligence and input from assisting and cooperating agencies. The standardized approach will be based on the Multi-Agency Coordination (MAC) Group concept and principles. The MAC Group concept is primarily applicable to accomplishing the coordination between incident agencies required for a united effort in responding to and recovering from a major emergency or disaster. II. AUTHORITY Unless otherwise specifically exempted by controlling laws, emergency/disaster response organizations are subject to all the policies, procedures, rules, regulations and laws that apply to the daily operations of the incident agency(ies), including the authority to borrow, purchase, contract for or otherwise obtain the personnel, equipment, supplies, land or facilities required to respond to and overcome an emergency or disaster. All authority(ies) not specifically delegated to emergency/disaster response personnel identified by name or response position are retained by the incident agency(ies). III. CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS A. Legislative Authority 1. Board of County Commissioners: The Board of Commissioners of Franklin County is responsible for policy actions or decisions during an emergency or disaster, within the scope of their powers. In the event a majority of the Board is not available, the remaining one Commissioner may make decisions dealing with an occurring emergency or disaster. If no commissioners are available, and in accordance with Franklin County Resolution Number 2021-253 in reference to continuity of government, the order of succession of authority will be: 1. A single Commissioner 4. County Sheriff 2. County Administrator 5. County Treasurer 3. County Prosecutor 6. County Auditor 2. Mayors and City Government: Page 186 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 5: Emergency Management 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 5 - 3 The legislative authority of each city is responsible for policy actions or decisions during an emergency or disaster, within the scope of their powers. In the event a majority of the City Council is not available, the remaining Council may make decisions dealing with an occurring emergency or disaster. B. Designation of Successors Decision-making succession authority will occur if the senior elected or appointed official is not available to make policy decisions. Succession of authority will first and foremost be in accordance with the city or county policies. Upon the availability of any elected executive official, succession to non-elected personnel will cease. IV. INCIDENT COMMAND SYSTEM Homeland Security Presidential Directive/HSPD-5 - Management of Domestic Incidents. This directive provides direction enhance the ability of the United States to manage domestic incidents by establishing a single, comprehensive national incident management system (NIMS). The Franklin County Emergency Coordination/Operations Center has implemented the concept of phased activation in order to effectively utilize resources and reduce operational costs. The phased activation of direction and control personnel within the emergency operations center is consistent with the concept of modularity. The concepts included in this document are only a guide and are not intended to interfere with the sound application of professional judgment with regard to appropriate staffing levels for exercising multi-agency coordination during an actual major emergency or disaster. A. Level 3 - MONITORING ACTIVATION Level 3 is the routine activation level in which FCEM conducts their normal/daily emergency management responsibilities. The FCEM employees manage and coordinate incidents in cooperation with the SEOC. B. Level 2 – PARTIAL ACTIVATION Level 2 activation is for enhanced operations where an incident could potentially grow to the point where the Incident Commander could need assistance coordinating resources. The most senior FCEM staff will call in additional FCEM staff as needed and appropriate. One or more of the FC-ECC/EOC functions (Operations, Planning, Logistics, or Finance/Administration) activate to support the incident or the impacted jurisdictions. The ECC/EOC staff will continue to monitor and process requests for assistance from the incident. The WA-SEOC will be notified and a mission number should be requested by the FCEM ECC/EOC. The SEOC may activate ESFs as needed/dictated by the incident. Level 2 activation has, at a minimum, the required positions for ECC/EOC to be declared operational. All the ECC/EOC functions (Operations, Planning, Logistics, and Finance/Administration) activate to support the incident or the Page 187 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 5: Emergency Management 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 5 - 4 impacted jurisdiction(s). All positions should be notified to respond to the ECC/EOC, and if not responding, put on standby. Local agencies/departments and volunteers are utilized to fill Emergency Support Functions (ESFs) as dictated by the incident. Preparations for a declaration of emergency will start at this stage, but ultimately is the decision of the Emergency Chairperson. National Guard assets may be requested or put on standby for support of this incident. Additionally, Level 2 ECC/EOC activation is the minimal staffing level required to perform threat assessment activities and provide resource coordination support during the response to an actual emergency situation requiring or potentially requiring mobilization of state or federal response resources in addition to full utilization of local and mutual aid resources. Generally, this level of activation should be employed for emergency situations that have not been contained or controlled, will last more than one but less than four operational periods, or involves significant threat potential to life, property or community economic stability. An incident requiring Level 2 ECC/EOC activation should be evaluated for a local Emergency Proclamation based upon a determination of whether the emergency is of such severity and magnitude that effective response is beyond the capabilities of the incident agency(ies) to both: • respond to the emergency or disaster, and • respond to emergent/daily operational needs Level 2 activation of the Franklin County Emergency Coordination Center may require a more formal effort to establish direction and control because: • local and mutual aid resources are fully engaged • the incident agency incident command resources may be insufficient • mobilization of state and federal resources may be required • A Type 3 Incident management Team may be mobilized for the response. • The incident agencies may represent several response disciplines or levels of government C. Level 1 – FULL ACTIVATION Level 1 is for major and/or catastrophic events. Most, if not all, ESFs will be involved in the response. A declaration of emergency will be completed for this event. The situation should be evaluated for a request of a state or federal emergency or disaster designation. State assets/support such as the National Guard will be requested. Level 1 ECC/EOC activation is the level required to provide resource coordination support during the response to an actual major emergency/disaster situation requiring mobilization of state or federal response resources in addition to full utilization of local and mutual aid resources. Level 1 activation should be employed for emergency situations that have not been contained or controlled, will last more than four operational periods, pose a significant threat to life, property or community economic stability, or will require recovery planning. Page 188 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 5: Emergency Management 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 5 - 5 Level 1 activation of the Franklin County Emergency Coordination Center requires a major direction and control effort because: • local and mutual aid resources from many agencies are fully engaged • the incident agency(ies) incident command resources are, most likely, insufficient to maintain a reasonable or optimal span of control • state, federal and private resources have or will be mobilized for response • a state or federal Type 3, Type 2 or Type 1 incident management team may be activated and will require a Delegation of Authority coordinated between numerous incident agencies • the state or federal incident management team will not be familiar with local incident agency financial policies, rules, regulations or laws • detailed resource management records will be needed for any reimbursement and potential legal proceedings • volunteer labor and donated equipment, services and supplies may require application of scarce field command and control personnel • incident resource management provisions apply because the incident financial package will be used to support claims either from state mobilization fund or federal reimbursement D. Emergency Coordination/Operations Center 1. ECC/EOC Activation, the Franklin County Emergency Management Director will advise the chief elected official of the impacted jurisdiction, during an emergency, as to the status of the emergency and recommend the activation of the ECC/EOC as appropriate. 2. The primary ECC/EOC for Franklin County is located at 1011 E. Ainsworth St., Pasco, WA. The Alternate ECC/EOC is the located at 1016 N. 4th, Pasco, WA, or 651 Truman Ave, Richland, WA - this is the Benton County Emergency Management Office. Any public agency’s facilities and equipment may be called upon and utilized during a declared emergency. 3. ECC/EOC Personnel and Staffing: a. The need for ECC/EOC staff will expand and contract during the various phases of the disaster, with the largest commitment of personnel usually required during the response phase. b. During a major emergency or disaster, it may become necessary to support the ECC/EOC with personnel from varying departments. All Directors, Supervisors, Chiefs and other department heads, agencies and local political subdivisions should provide personnel to support the ECC/EOC. c. Persons assigned ECC/EOC duties must be prepared to respond during emergencies. They should also attend one ECC/EOC orientation each year and participate in scheduled exercises and training events. 4. See Figure 1 for Organizational Chart of the ECC/EOC Page 189 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 5: Emergency Management 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 5 - 6 E. Equipment 1. The representatives from respective response agencies should bring hand- held radios to the ECC/EOC for communication with their agency. 2. Comprehensive Emergency Management Net (CEMNET) Radio – The Washington State Military Department, Emergency Management Division (WAEMD) operates a statewide, very high frequency (VHF) low-band radio system, as the primary backup communication link between the WAEMD/ State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC) and local ECC/EOCs throughout the state. 3. Amateur radios – The ECC/EOC has VHF voice and data and UHF voice amateur radio capability. 4. Telephones –each position in the ECC/EOC has a telephone. All calls come into the main ECC/EOC telephone number - (509) 545-3546, the fax # is 509 545-2139. 5. Alert Notification System can be accessed in the ECC/EOC. The CodeRED Emergency Notification System can provide geographical warning to Franklin County residents and businesses. The system has white page phone numbers and MCAG/dispatch data. Citizens can ‘opt-in’ and provide additional contact information: unlisted phone numbers, cell phone numbers, email, text messaging (SMS) and Telecommunication Device for the Deaf (TTY). The ENS can also provide notification of contacts that are manually entered in the system. 6. Computers – The ECC/EOC has some computers available. Responders are asked to bring their own laptops to the ECC/EOC. Wi-Fi and direct network connections are available. 7. Backup-up emergency generator power is available at the ECC/EOC location at 1011 E. Ainsworth St., Pasco. There are a back up emergency generator utilizing diesel fuel that powers the designated portions of the facility. 8. The Emergency Alert System (EAS) – EAS is located at the ECC/EOC and is radio and web based as well. It can be activated by FCEM remotely or at the ECC/EOC. 9. CodeRED is an Electronic Telephonic Notification System (ETNS) that has Wireless Emergency Alert capabilities integrated into it. CodeRED can target very small to entire county area to notify residents and transient populations of information. This system can be remotely operated as well. F. Coordination 1. The use and allocation of regional and state resources to support an emergency operation need to be coordinated through the ECC/EOC. 2. Requests for Washington State and Federal resources will be made through the ECC/EOC. G. Continuity of Government 1. Each political subdivision shall adopt rules and regulations providing for appointment of temporary interim successors to the elected and appointed offices of the political subdivisions. (RCW 42.14.070) Page 190 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 5: Emergency Management 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 5 - 7 2. Executive heads of all departments and agencies of county and city to assure continuity of leadership and operation in the event they are not available during the time of an emergency. An alternate operations office should also be designated in the event the normal office is unusable. The successors are to be made aware of their emergency responsibilities and receive appropriate training. 3. All departments, agencies, and commissions shall identify essential records and take actions to protect those records during a disaster or emergency operation. V. INFORMATION ANALYSIS AND PLANNING A. Purpose The purpose of this portion of the Emergency Support Function (ESF) is to provide guidelines for collecting, analyzing, and sharing information about a potential or actual emergency or disaster in Franklin County; to enhance response and recovery activities. B. Scope This portion of the ESF applies to agencies and jurisdictions that are expected to coordinate with, or receive assistance from FCEM or ECC/EOC during an emergency or disaster. It is essential that all available emergency information is collected, processed and disseminated appropriately to provide for efficient and effective planning and reporting. It is critical to facilitate warning, public information, emergency response, disaster analysis, resource management, damage assessment and recovery operations and efforts. It is especially important in escalating incidents such as wildfires, severe weather and flooding where forecasting plays a critical part in the response plan of action. The analysis and planning for every type of emergency or disaster is beyond the scope of this ESF. C. Policies 1. FCEM will disseminate current and accurate information and request the same from county agencies and volunteer organizations during times of ECC/EOC activations. 2. FCEM will only request information that is necessary to support response and recovery activities. 3. The analysis of this information, planning for anticipated resources will occur in support of emergency or disaster response and recovery activities. D. Planning Assumptions Page 191 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 5: Emergency Management 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 5 - 8 1. Urgent response requirements during an emergency or disaster, or the threat of one, and to plan for continuing response and recovery activities, necessitates the immediate and continuing collection processing, and dissemination of situational information. 2. Information, especially during the early phases of the event, may be inaccurate, ambiguous, conflict with information from other sources or with previous information from the same source, or be limited in detail. 3. The FCEM ECC/EOC, command post or other designated location will be used as the point of contact for all information coordination. 4. Individual jurisdictions and agencies will be very busy with the event and information and updates provided to the ECC/EOC will be delayed or overlooked. 5. Citizens and/or the media may be unknowingly or purposefully spreading speculation and rumors. 6. Information and reports to the ECC/EOC will improve as the situation/event progresses. 7. Information collection may be hampered due to many factors including, but not limited to: damage to communication systems; communication systems overload; damage to the transportation infrastructure; and effects of weather, smoke, and other environmental factors. 8. First responders will respond according to their standard operating guides/procedures/plans and as their training levels/certifications allow. 9. Nothing in the CEMP or specifically this ESF usurps, over-rides, takes precedent over existing laws, RCW’s, WACs, responder SOPs/SOGs/procedures and ability to respond based on training levels/certifications. 10. Assessment of damage impacts and ECC/EOC operations will be delayed due to minimal staffing. Local governments impacted the most will be given priority for assistance and support as needed and available. 11. During the early stages of the event little information will be available and the information received may be vague and inaccurate, verification of this information and caution can delay response to inquiries. 12. Reporting from the local government to the ECC/EOC will improve as the event matures. 13. Reporting of information may be delayed due to the damage of the telecommunications infrastructure. VI. CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS A. General 1. Information will be coordinated from the FCEM ECC/EOC or other designated point, as appropriate to the incident. 2. Information will be used for planning purposes and to inform all involved agencies on the situation and actions. 3. The IC is responsible for providing situation reports and periodic updates. Page 192 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 5: Emergency Management 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 5 - 9 4. Jurisdiction, incident agency, and volunteer organization representatives in the ECC/EOC will assist with meeting the information needs. This will include maintaining contact with their field representatives for reports and updates. Additionally, the FCEM ECC/EOC may need to request information from other local jurisdictions or agencies, as well as other governmental entities. 5. The Planning Section of ICS in the FCEM ECC/EOC is responsible for the management of the information received in the ECC/EOC. This section will be responsible to collect, analyze report and display the current information. From this information, action plans will be developed as needed. 6. Individual jurisdiction and agency representatives in the FCEM ECC/EOC will share information they receive from their field representatives by posting on boards, making announcements, routing messages to other ECC/EOC staff, or preparing periodic situation reports. 7. FCEM, or designated point, shall provide situation reports to the Washington State Military Department, Emergency Management Division (WAEMD)/ State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC) as appropriate. This includes transmission of local declarations of emergencies. This will be done by the best means available. B. Organization FCEM is the primary agency for the coordination, collection, and dissemination of information during ECC/EOC activations. The FCEM ECC/EOC is organized under the basic concepts of ICS, and consists of several functional areas, including: Policy/Decision Section which includes the FCEM Manager and PIO, the Administration/Finance, the Operations Section, the Communication Section and the Support Section. Other sections or sub-sections may be added as needed. The various agency and jurisdiction representatives within the FCEM ECC/EOC function in, or are components of one or more of these sections or subsections. C. Mitigation Activities Primary Agency - FCEM 1. Develop and maintain the Franklin County Multi-jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan that is based on the Franklin County Hazard Identification and Vulnerability Analysis (HIVA) (Appendix 7 of this CEMP). Ensure the plan is approved by WAEMD and FEMA Region X. 2. Coordinate with support agencies to develop projects to reduce the effects of hazards. Page 193 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 5: Emergency Management 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 5 - 10 Support Agencies 1. Seek opportunities to implement projects identified in the hazard mitigation plan and Franklin County Community Wildfire Protection Plan. 2. Recommend changes to these plans to FCEM. D. Preparedness Primary Agency – Franklin County Emergency Management 1. Develop and maintain liaison with support agencies. Encourage preparedness activities including training, drills and exercises. 2. Assist support agencies with training, drills and exercises. 3. Develop and maintain the process for information coordination during an emergency or disaster. 4. Develop and distribute reporting formats and systems. 5. Utilizes: various types and styles of maps and map boards, status and display boards and charts, providing standardized reporting formats, message forms, templates, and other resources to assist in displaying and sharing information. 6. Maintain the readiness of the FCEM ECC/EOC to support field incident commanders. Ensure communication systems such as the fax, modem, phone lines, and CEMNET radio and functional, and provide coordination with Amateur Radio Emergency Services (ARES) for their communication assets. 7. Provide training to designated ECC/EOC staff. Support Agencies 1. Develop and maintain procedures for information coordination during an emergency or disaster. 2. Maintain readiness to respond, recover or support community incidences. Conduct training, exercises and drills. E. Response Activities Primary Agency - FCEM 1. Implement the information analysis and planning process. 2. Analyze provided information and distribute to appropriate agencies. 3. Coordinate and prepare periodic situational reports and other necessary information for local officials and the WA SEOC. 4. Request special information from local agencies and volunteer organizations, as necessary. Support Agencies 1. Provide information to FCEM ECC/EOC. 2. Keep FCEM ECC/EOC apprised of agency status. Page 194 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 5: Emergency Management 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 5 - 11 3. Collect information from their field representatives, and share that information with the Planning Section coordinator and other ECC/EOC staff as appropriate. 4. Analyze the information specific to their jurisdiction, agency, or organization, and make recommendations to the Planning Section coordinator or FCEM ECC/EOC on actions to be taken. 5. Provide information on the status of their facilities and programs to FCEMECC, as necessary. 6. FCEM ECC Planning Section (in coordination with other ICS sections) a. Collects and displays the information provided to the FCEM ECC/EOC staff b. Analyzes the information provided, and shares it with the appropriate FCEM ECC/EOC representative(s). c. Analyzes information provided, and develops and recommends action strategies. d. Coordinates and prepares periodic Situation Reports. e. Requests special information from local jurisdictions, agencies, and volunteer organizations, as necessary. f. Assists the Policy/Decision Section and/or the Administration/Finance Section with preparing a County declaration of emergency or disaster, as needed. F. Recovery Activities Primary Agencies - FCEM 1. Prepares, maintain and finalize situation reports and information displays, as required. 2. Continues to gather and post information, as necessary. 3. Continues to analyze information, assist with developing recovery plans, and maintains written records and documents for the event. 4. Implement Damage Assessment process per ESF 14 – Long Term Community Recovery. 5. Assist with preparing a written termination of the declaration of emergency or disaster, when appropriate. 6. Coordinates after-action reports, and provides updates to the WAEMD SEOC as necessary. Support Agencies 1. Continue to collect and analyze information from field representatives regarding recovery, share that information with other FCEM ECC/EOC staff, and make appropriate recommendations. 2. Prepare Situation reports, and after-action reports as requested. 3. Assist in collection of damage assessment information and coordinate activities with FCEM ECC/EOC. Page 195 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 5: Emergency Management 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 5 - 12 4. Coordinate with field representatives and staff regarding demobilization/deactivation procedures and actions. VII. RESPONSIBILITIES Primary Agency - FCEM 1. Coordinates the collection, analysis, planning and sharing of information about potential or actual emergencies or disasters that could affect Franklin County. Assures that action plans are developed and implemented, as appropriate. 2. Provide timely and complete reports and updates to the Washington State Emergency Operations Center and other necessary agencies. Support Agencies 1. Supports the Franklin County EM/ECC/EOC in the collection, analysis and sharing of information about potential or actual emergencies. Contributes to the development of action plans and assists with their implementation as appropriate. 2. Provide all necessary incident information to Franklin County EM or ECC/EOC. 3. Participate in the analysis and planning functions. 4. Provide requested maps, property description, forecasts, predictions, display information and other tools to Franklin County EM or ECC/EOC. 5. ICs will establish and maintain a planning section function for each incident and coordinate information with FCEM/ECC/EOC. VIII. ADMINISTRATION AND FINANCE A. Purpose This portion of ESF 5 provides guidance to jurisdictions, agencies, and organizations on administrative/finance matters necessary to support emergency or disaster operations. B. Concept of Operations Incidents should be and typically are managed at the lowest possible geographic, organizational, and jurisdictional level. It should be noted, that state and federal financial assistance for disaster response is not automatic. The incident agency has the primary obligation of providing the financial resources necessary to respond to and overcome an emergency or Page 196 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 5: Emergency Management 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 5 - 13 disaster. Resources requested from the state, federal or local governments are not provided free of charge. Therefore, when requesting assistance from local governments, the state, or federal agencies it must be determined how the response cost of the resource is going to be paid prior to mobilization of the resource. 1. All incident management activities will be initiated and conducted using the principles of NIMS. 2. Potential incident agencies within Benton County shall establish, by plan, resolution, ordinance or other legal means, procedures for: • Declaring an emergency pursuant to RCW 39.04.280 or an equivalent statute. • Establishing a legal funding source for paying emergency response/recovery costs pursuant to RCW or other applicable local, state or federal law • RCW 35.33.081 – Non debatable emergency expenditures • RCW 35.33.091 – Emergency expenditures • RCW 35.33.147 – Contingency fund - withdrawals • RCW 36.40.140 – Emergencies subject to hearing • RCW 36.40.180 – Nondebatable emergencies • RCW 36.40.190 – Payment of emergency warrants 3. Mobilizing personnel with authority or establishing procedures for delegating authority to encumber and/or expend those funds by purchase or contract. 4. Top priorities for incident financial management are to: • Facilitate the procurement of and payment for emergency response resources including • Personnel • Equipment • Supplies • Services • Create and preserve documentation of emergency response purchases, contracts, equipment usage, personnel costs and other response costs, • Create and preserve documentation of any claims for injury or damage associated with emergency response; • Monitor or audit the procurement and other financial aspects of the emergency response for compliance with applicable local, state or federal rule, regulation or law. • Provide reliable estimates of incurred response costs and predicted future response and recovery costs • Create and preserve the financial documentation required to facilitate any recovery or reimbursement of emergency response Page 197 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 5: Emergency Management 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 5 - 14 and recovery costs allowed by agreement or contract, or allowed by local, state or federal rule, regulation or law. C. Plan Changes, Maintenance and Review Process 1. Proposed changes to this plan will be accepted at any time, especially after a major emergency, disaster, exercise or anytime a key component/piece changes. 2. Plan changes will be published either using an entire new publication, by subsection, or by publishing only those pages that have changes. The changes are to be recorded on the Record of Revisions form. 3. The normal review period will be every four years. It is the intent to conduct an informal review of the plan each year and publish the appropriate changes annually. It is the responsibility of the BCEM to coordinate the reviews and to publish any changes that may be necessary. 4. Changes to the Appendices and Emergency Support Functions (ESFs) will be coordinated with the agencies and organization impacted by the particular Appendix or ESF. IX. REFERENCES See Appendix 3 X. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS See Appendix 4 Page 198 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 5: Emergency Management 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 5 - 15 FIGURE 1 ECC/EOC ORGANIZATION CHART Emergency Manager/Incident Agency/MAC (Sheriff, Commissioners, Mayors, City Managers) Operations Section Law Enforcement Fire Public Works ARC Dispatch Planning Section GIS Mapping Facility Liaison/technical Specialists Agriculture WA EMD WA National Guard Logistics Section Transportation Resource Tracking Amateur Radio Finance/Admin Section Finance tracking Security Message Control Public Information Health Officer Legal Officer Page 199 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 6: Mass Care 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 6 - 1 EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 6 MASS CARE, EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE, HOUSING AND HUMAN SERVICES Primary Agency: American Red Cross (ARC) Support Agencies: Franklin County Emergency Management Amateur Radio Emergency Services Pasco School District No. 1 North Franklin School District No. J-51 Star School District No. 54 Kahlotus School District No. 56 Benton-Franklin Health District Benton-Franklin Humane Society Law Enforcement Agencies Fire Protection Districts/Fire Departments Salvation Army I. INTRODUCTION A. Purpose The purpose of this Emergency Support Function (ESF) is to coordinate the efforts of providing shelter, feeding, and emergency first aid following an emergency or disaster requiring response assistance, to operate a Disaster Welfare Information (DWI) system to collect, receive and report information about the status of victims and assist with family reunification within the affected area, and to coordinate bulk distribution of emergency relief supplies vital to the delivery of services to victims following the event. B. Scope In the event of a major disaster all or any part of Franklin County could be impacted in such a way that residents might have to evacuate their homes. If such a situation arises; ways will be needed to feed and shelter a large number of citizens. Initial response activities will focus on meeting urgent needs of victims on a mass care basis. Recovery assistance, such as temporary housing, and loans and grants for individuals under the traditional disaster assistance programs of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and other federal agencies’ initial recovery efforts, may commence as response activities are taking place. Likewise, the provision of the customary American Red Cross (ARC) disaster services of Emergency Assistance and Additional Assistance will be considered based on the Page 200 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 6: Mass Care 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 6 - 2 needs of the victims, the situation, and available resources. As recovery activities are introduced, close coordination will be required between those federal agencies responsible for recovery activities, and voluntary agencies providing recovery assistance, including the Central and Southeastern Washington (CSEW) Chapter of the ARC. The ARC independently will provide mass care to disaster victims as part of a broad program of disaster relief, as outlined in charter provisions enacted by the United States Congress, Act of January 5, 1905, and the Disaster Relief Act of l974 (P.L. 93-288, as amended by the Stafford Act of 2000). The ARC will assume primary agency responsibility under the National Response Framework (NRF) to coordinate federal response assistance to the mass care response of Washington State and Franklin County, and the efforts of other voluntary agencies, including ARC relief operations. The Benton Franklin Humane Society will coordinate the response of county agencies in assisting local and volunteer organizations to provide all animals affected by the disaster with emergency medical care; evacuation; rescue; temporary confinement, shelter, food and water; and identification for return to the owner. 1. Mass Care includes: Includes coordinating sheltering, feeding, emergency first aid, disaster welfare information and distribution of relief items. a. Shelter: The provision of emergency shelter for victims includes the use of designated shelter sites in existing structures, creation of temporary facilities such as tent cities, or the temporary construction of shelters, and use of similar facilities outside the affected area, should evacuation be necessary. b. Feeding: The provision for feeding victims and emergency workers through a combination of fixed sites, mobile feeding units, and bulk food distribution. Such operations will be based on sound nutritional standards and will include provisions for meeting dietary requirements of victims with special dietary needs. c. Emergency First Aid: Emergency first aid services will be provided to victims and workers at mass care facilities and at designated sites within the affected area. This emergency first aid service will be supplemental to emergency health and medical services established to meet the needs of the victims. d. Disaster Welfare Information: Disaster Welfare Information (DWI) regarding individuals residing within the affected area will be collected and provided to immediate family members outside the area though a DWI System. DWI will also be provided to aid in reunification of family members within the area who were separated at the time of the event. Page 201 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 6: Mass Care 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 6 - 3 e. Bulk Distribution of Emergency Relief Items: Sites will be established within the affected area for distribution of emergency relief items. The bulk distribution of these relief items will be determined by the requirement to meet urgent needs of victims for essential items. (Also see ESF 11 – Agriculture and Natural Resources) 2. Housing: Includes determining the needs of disaster victims for temporary housing. 3. Human Services: Includes the support to disaster victims for immediate short term crisis counseling related to the anxieties, stress, and trauma associated with a disaster. It also includes the identification of individuals and families with special needs for assistance. It supports processing of social and health benefits under state and federal programs. II. POLICIES 1. To the maximum extent possible during emergency conditions, reception and mass care of people and animals will be carried out in compliance with public laws, zoning requirements and health/safety regulations pertaining to the housing and care of people and animals. The plans and procedures of agencies carrying out this function will comply with the standards established by the American Red Cross, as set forth in the CSEW Chapter Disaster Response Plan. 2. ESF 6 will be implemented upon the appropriate request for assistance following an event. 3. Appropriate federal, state, and local jurisdiction, voluntary agency, and private sector resources will be used as available with the ARC taking the role as lead agency. 4. The CSEW Chapter of the American Red Cross (ARC) shall periodically survey their identified shelters as to their capabilities and contact information. Shelter records will be maintained by the ARC. 5. Services will be provided without regard to economic status or racial, religious, political, ethnic, or other affiliation. 6. This ESF will not supersede ARC response and relief activities and operations that conform to the ARC Board of Governors’ Disaster Services Policy Regulations and Procedures: ARC will maintain administrative and financial control over its activities. 7. Information about those injured and remaining within the affected area, and casualties evacuated from the affected area to other medical facilities, will be limited to that provided by local medical care facilities, either directly or through the ARC’s Disaster Reunification System. This system, nor the American Red Page 202 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 6: Mass Care 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 6 - 4 Cross in general, do not handle informing others on condition of individuals involved the disaster. 8. The CSEW Chapter of the American Red Cross, and the Benton Franklin Humane Society may be asked to participate in planning meetings, training, and exercises. 9. Benton Franklin Health Department will provide appropriate support before, during, and following disasters as outlined in the Healthcare Systems Preparedness Plan III. SITUATION A. Emergency/Disaster Conditions and Hazards 1. There are some hazards (such as hazardous material releases, radiological threats, floods, and fires) for which the best protection for residents may be to evacuate them to a safe location until the danger has passed. 2. Franklin County is subject to a variety of hazards that could cause an immediate threat to the citizens in their homes. Some of these hazards may occur in such a manner that would cause immediate harm to personnel exposed to the threat. Emergencies of this nature might not allow adequate time for evacuation depending on the nature of the threat, weather conditions, and time of day and evacuation route availability/capacity. In these instances it may be necessary to Shelter-in- Place. B. Assumptions 1. During normal situations, the development of emergency welfare programs, capabilities and training will be emphasized to ensure provisions of welfare (basic human needs) and welfare-related services following the impact period of disasters. 2. The CSEW chapter of the ARC will provide training in Reunification and Care Center operations to a sufficient number of people to ensure that congregate managers are available when needed. Additionally, the ARC will assist FEMA in coordinating volunteer agencies that may assist in providing care for evacuated citizens. 3. The CSEW chapter of the ARC and other volunteer agencies will be available and willing to assist in locating, evaluating, staffing and operating reunification centers and mass care shelters in Franklin County in accordance with ARC Program Guidance “Disaster Response Handbook (August 2006) and mass care feeding and sheltering. Page 203 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 6: Mass Care 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 6 - 5 4. Research indicates that only about 20 to 30% of any evacuated population will require the services of a public mass care facility. Accordingly, in planning for Mass Care operations, FCEM will prepare for 25% of the population at risk using such shelters. 5. Most people who evacuate when requested will be able to provide their own shelter by staying with friends or relatives in a location outside the risk area. 6. Mass care will normally be carried out during and immediately after the emergency until individual services can be provided. Mass care services are usually provided for less than a week. 7. Many shelters can be used for protection from certain types of hazards in addition to being used for mass care following a disaster. 8. For most conceivable emergency conditions, appropriate shelter facilities will be available within the County but outside of the immediate hazard area and away from possible secondary effects (smoke, explosion potential, airborne hazardous materials, etc.). 9. When asked to leave their homes and businesses to avoid exposure to a hazard, most citizens will cooperate if given sufficient emergency information to perceive the validity of the threat. However, some citizens will refuse to leave the homes. 10. With an adequate public education campaign tied to the individual and family protection program, the public can be expected to understand the procedures needed for effective shelter-in-place during an emergency. IV. CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS A. General 1. Reunification and Mass Care activities will be performed according to procedures and plans of the American Red Cross. Evacuee registration, regardless of care needs, will be accomplished by the ARC. 2. Initial response activities will focus on meeting urgent needs of victims on a mass care basis. Services provided will be based on the needs of victims, the situation, and available resources. As recovery activities are introduced, close coordination will be required between those agencies responsible for recovery activities, and voluntary agencies providing recovery assistance. 3. The respective county of city officials may authorize use of county or city facilities and resources in support of mass care. In addition, they may enter into contracts with local businesses or agencies for additional resources or facilities. Page 204 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 6: Mass Care 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 6 - 6 4. Companion animals may be allowed in shelters for humans. While there may be temporary animal shelters next to shelters for humans, this cannot always be expected. Arrangements for companion animals will be coordinated by the Red Cross, either at the shelter or with a partner organization. Service animals (seeing-eye dogs, etc.) may be allowed in shelters. 5. The primary Mass Care facilities will be public buildings, supplemented on an as-needed basis by private buildings. 6. The Benton-Franklin Humane Society will coordinate efforts to provide water, food, and shelter and other physical needs to animals. They will coordinate with the Emergency PIO to ensure that information is provided on the location of animal shelters and other animal-related matters. B. Organization CENTRAL AND SOUTHEASTERN WASHINGTON, AMERICAN RED CROSS: The CSEW Chapter of the American Red Cross is the primary support agency under this ESF. The ARC is a non-governmental social service agency. The local ARC Operations Manager via the ARC Government Liaison assigned to the County ECC advises the Emergency Manager in the ECC and provides overall direction for the CSEW chapter efforts under this plan. Designated Shelter Managers are responsible for establishing and operating individual shelters in accordance with ARC guidelines and procedures. C. Procedures 1. American Red Cross Central and Southeastern Washington American Red Cross Disaster Response Plan and National ARC Program Guidance Documents 2. Franklin County Emergency Management Emergency Contact Lists 3. Benton-Franklin Humane Society Pet Care Plan D. Mitigation FCEM will provide educational materials to the public on how to accomplish "Shelter-in-Place." This material will be included with individual and family protection program materials, which are the primary public education effort of FCEM. E. Preparedness Page 205 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 6: Mass Care 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 6 - 7 1. The ARC will provide training in shelter operations for sufficient numbers of volunteers to effectively carry out the provisions of this plan. The FCEM will assist ARC in determining shelter location. 2. The Franklin County Public Information Officer/staff will prepare emergency public information for dissemination to the public and emergency workers on: • Public shelter location • Transportation, parking, and movement plans • What to bring to a shelter • How to take care of family pets 3. The ARC, with assistance from FCEM, will coordinate the activities of all local agencies in this plan for the provision of mass care, and to ensure operational capabilities. 4. The ARC will select, evaluate and designate facilities for mass care in cooperation with FCEM to ensure facilities are located in safe zones. F. Response 1. The ARC will locate shelters for use during an emergency situation and inform essential workers and mass care agencies to stand by. 2. In cooperation with the ARC, FCEM will provide the public with information concerning the establishment, location of, and routes to shelter facilities. 3. The ARC will determine approximate population that can be accommodated in each shelter and activate amateur radio volunteers for a backup communications system. 4. During emergency situations, all levels of government will continue or expand regular welfare programs, and in cooperation with private organizations, conduct emergency welfare operations to effectively utilize all welfare resources. 5. If a Presidential Declaration has been made, emergency welfare assistance will be made available on an individual basis through one of the Individual and Family Grant (IFG) programs administered by either the Federal Emergency Management Agency or a state agency. 6. When necessary, FCEM will issue instructions through the Emergency Alert System and other public channels on procedures for immediate Shelter-in-Place actions. G. Recovery Page 206 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 6: Mass Care 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 6 - 8 1. FCEM will keep the public informed of available mass care emergency welfare services and recovery assistance programs, and continue to coordinate needed mass care resources. 2. FCEM and the ARC will continue to coordinate public information regarding emergency assistance centers and status of the emergency. 3. The ARC will coordinate with the County Emergency Operations Center (EOC) to close shelters and take the actions necessary to restore the center(s) to pre-emergency conditions. The ARC will keep records of all costs incurred during the operation of the Reunification and Mass Care center(s). 4. FCEM and ARC will cooperate in completing damage assessments necessary for receiving a Presidential or other disaster declaration, which will enable individual and public assistance programs. V. RESPONSIBILITIES A. Primary Agency: American Red Cross The ARC is the primary agency responsible for the Reunification and Mass Care Function. The ARC will: 1. Supervise and carry out the establishment of shelter facilities (except in the case of nuclear attack or radiological terrorism) and establish provisions for dispersing emergency welfare goods and services according the CSEW Disaster Response Plan. 2. Interface with all other volunteer agencies in the area to ensure that adequate shelters are available for the populations at risk, and that all human needs are being met. This includes emergency lodging, food, clothing, and other necessities. 3. Provide advance training in mass care operations for a sufficient number of persons to enable the provisions of this plan to be carried out. 4. Coordinate with the Benton-Franklin Humane Society and FCEM to ensure that provisions are made for the care of family pets and livestock during an emergency. 5. Identify all shelter spaces within the county and plan for their effective occupancy during time of emergency. 6. Register evacuees who do not require emergency assistance. Page 207 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 6: Mass Care 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 6 - 9 7. Provide a liaison to the Franklin County Emergency Operations Center when activated. B. Support Agencies: 1. Franklin County Emergency Management FCEM will: • Provide the public with information concerning the establishment of mass care facilities. FCEM will notify supporting agencies of other public shelter plans and expected support requirements. • Maintain liaison with the Washington State Military Department's Emergency Management Division and its available resources. • Provide educational materials to the public on how to accomplish "Shelter-in-Place." This material will be included with the individual and family protection program materials which are the primary public education effort of FCEM. 2. Law Enforcement Agencies Franklin County law enforcement agencies will establish security, maintain law and order, and provide crowd and traffic controls at such public shelters that are within the jurisdiction of the participating law enforcement agency, as deemed necessary by the FCEM and ARC. 3. Health Department Benton-Franklin Health Department will: • Establish emergency environmental health controls for public shelters to include: sanitation requirements; waste disposal; noise; ventilation; and water quality. • Support the provision of medical care and referral for evacuees arriving at, or present in shelters run by the ARC. 4. Salvation Army - Community Church Groups The Salvation Army and community volunteer groups will collect and distribute food, clothing and other supplies, and provide welfare services. 5. Benton-Franklin Humane Society The Benton-Franklin Humane Society will work with FCEM and the ARC to care for pets of citizens who are staying in a mass care facility. Page 208 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 6: Mass Care 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 6 - 10 6. Fire Departments-Fire Protection Districts Fire protection agencies will assist in opening the Reunification and Mass Care Center. Fire personnel may be asked to assist with traffic control duties at the Reunification and Care Center. They will be asked to assist the EMS providers located at the Reunification and Care Centers throughout the county with basic first aid. 7. Franklin County School Districts School Districts will work with ARC, FCEM, and community volunteer groups to set up and maintain Reunification and Mass Care facilities on School Property. VI. RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS A. The county will provide space, communications and administrative support for the Mass Care Representative at the County EOC. B. Resources which may have to be mobilized in support of mass care activities include the transportation of cots and blankets, sleeping bags, portable toilets, water container, cooking equipment, registration forms, first aid and shelter medical supplies, vehicles for transport of personnel and supplies, and tables and chairs. C. Additional resource requirements may be found in the operating guidance and implementing procedures of the organizations involved under this Reunification and Mass Care Function. VII. REFERENCES See Appendix 3 VIII. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS See Appendix 4 Page 209 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 7: Logistics/Resource Support 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 7 - 1 EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 7 LOGISTICS & RESOURCE SUPPORT Primary Agency: Franklin County Emergency Management (FCEM) Support Agencies: American Red Cross (ARC) County and City Government I. INTRODUCTION A. Purpose 1. To provide guidance for logistical and resource support following an emergency or disaster. 2. To provide efficient utilization and conservation of available resources during an emergency or disaster situation. 3. To provide a framework for requesting, obtaining, allocating and utilizing additional resources. 4. To provide a framework for the process to establish mandatory controls on essential materials, supplies and services during and after major disasters, if adequate resources are not or will not be available. B. Scope This Emergency Support Function (ESF) primarily applies to operations during major events that would have a widespread and complex impact on the county and its citizens. However, any incident has the potential to require specific resource management activities with the operation. Resource support involves the provision of services, personnel, commodities and facilities to local government during the response and recovery phases of an emergency or disaster. This includes emergency relief supplies, office space procurement, office equipment, office supplies, telecommunication, security services, contracting services, transportation services, and personnel required to support emergency activities. The Franklin County Emergency Coordination/Operation Center (ECC) coordinates resources and support agencies and organizations including the County and cities resources, volunteer groups, businesses and community service organizations. Page 210 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 7: Logistics/Resource Support 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 7 - 2 II. POLICIES To the maximum extent possible during emergency conditions, resource acquisition and management will be performed according to the Uniform Commercial Code and local, state, and federal laws regarding donated materials, the use of government or privately- owned resources, and labor. Franklin County Emergency operations functions are based on the Constitution and Revised Code of Washington (RCW) governing emergency management, which includes references regarding resource procurement, etc. 1. Washington State Constitution. Article 8, Section 7, “No county, city, town or other municipal corporation shall hereafter give any money, or property, or loan its money, or credit to or in aid of any individual, association, company or corporation,…” 2. Washington State RCW A. RCW 38.52.070 - Emergency Contracts and Obligations B. RCW 38.52.110 - Use of existing resources; command the service and equipment of the citizens. III. SITUATION A. Emergency/Disaster Conditions and Hazards 1. A significant emergency or disaster will severely damage, or limit access to the local resource infrastructure. 2. Several emergency and disaster scenarios, such as earthquakes, floods or wildfires could require extensive resource management and coordination. Potential situations could occur during a disaster situation that would isolate the county or specific areas of the county and restrict available resource support. 3. Another situation might be a lack of specific resources necessary for emergency response activities. 4. An extreme situation could also develop that might require the elected legislative authorities of the county to invoke local resource restrictions or economic controls to assure an acceptable level of recovery and response. B. Assumptions 1. All county and city organizations, services, and facilities can be utilized during a disaster. The Incident Command System (ICS) will be the response framework utilized. Page 211 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 7: Logistics/Resource Support 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 7 - 3 2. RCW 38.52 and WAC 118.04 provide for the classification, registration, and utilization of emergency services workers and describe emergency services worker compensation and immunity responsibilities. 3. Normal methods of communication will be overloaded or interrupted during the early phases of an emergency or disaster. 4. Transportation to and within the affected area will be impaired or disrupted due to blocked or damage roads, bridges, airports, or railways. 5. Initially, there will be sufficient local and mutual aid resources necessary for emergency operations. 6. Following an emergency or disaster, there will be a need to provide a variety of resources and services to the affected area. 7. In a large emergency or disaster situation, request for and utilization of outside resources will often become necessary. 8. Voluntary controls will be encouraged, however mandatory controls may be invoked for a short time and only where feasible. The cooperation of the private sector is essential to meet emergency demands for allocation of resources. 9. Voluntary cooperation and response to emergency events by organized personnel resources is essential for the execution of emergency plans. 10. Volunteer labor and material donations will supplement available emergency resources. 11. The management and logistics of resource support will require extensive coordination and personnel. A system will need to be established to record and utilize donated goods and services, and for the management and support of spontaneous volunteers. 12. The free market economy and existing systems will be maintained to the maximum extent possible. IV. CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS A. General 1. This ESF will be implemented upon notification of a potential or actual major emergency or disaster. Implementing this ESF will be the mechanism for providing support activity to other ESFs. 2. Actions undertaken by this ESF will be coordinated by personnel in the Page 212 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 7: Logistics/Resource Support 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 7 - 4 ECC. 3. Individuals and agencies providing response capabilities under this plan will provide for their own resource needs during the initial phase of any emergency. 4. Multi-agency response will use the Incident Command System (ICS) response structure/framework. 5. As initial supplies and resources are exhausted, response agencies are expected to draw on their respective staff reserves and normal sources of supply to the extent possible, keeping the ECC informed of their needs. 6. Overall resource tracking and allocation efforts will be under the direction of the designated ECC Logistics/Operations Coordinator. 7. The Logistics/Operations Coordinator will be assisted by the ARC representative assigned as Coordinator of Donated Goods and Services. 8. Housing of emergency workers and labor will be in accordance with ESF 6 - Mass Care. 9. The Franklin County Commissioners and the respective Mayors/City Councils have the responsibility and authority to allocate resources and invoke economic and other controls, if the situation warrants. 10. When appropriate, private agricultural, industrial, commercial, financial, or other services may assist local government in an advisory capacity with emergency resource distribution and mobilization policies or control programs. 11. Local community service organizations, with the American Red Cross (ARC) being the lead agency will manage donated goods and services. The ARC will determine receiving points for donated goods. B. Organization 1. The group of individuals with the ECC, designated as the Support Group will coordinate resource support and management. The Support Group will communicate and coordinate with the group of individuals with the ECC designated as the MAC/Policy/Decision Group in support of this ESF. 2. Authorization for expenditures, entering into contracts and other administrative issues will come from the MAC/Policy/Decision Group. 3. The ARC will oversee and track donated material and volunteer resources. The local ARC Operations Manager will advise the County Emergency Page 213 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 7: Logistics/Resource Support 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 7 - 5 Manager (through the Support Group Coordinator) of the nature and quantity of donated materials available for use. C. Mitigation 1. Work with support agencies to establish and review departmental roles and responsibilities for preparedness, and for providing resource support during the response and recovery phases of an emergency or disaster. 2. Risk Management provides technical assistance about potential liability issues. 3. Identify essential personnel and staffing for internal and external support requirements. 4. Identify emergency supplies needed for personnel. 5. Identify essential records, equipment, office supplies, and office space requirements. 6. Identify additional transportation requirements and resources in support of emergency or disaster. 7. Identify and prioritize internal activities that may require assistance from Franklin County Emergency Management in an emergency or disaster. D. Preparedness 1. Conduct emergency management training with ESF 7 support agencies. 2. Identify, develop and prioritize an inventory list of essential resource requirements in an emergency or disaster in support of ESF 7. 3. Maintain and review ESF 7 and Mutual Aid agreements as needed. Establish categories, qualifications and training requirements for classes of emergency workers and recruit, register, and train local emergency worker. 4. Identify pre-positioned distribution points for resources and public assistance. 5. Identify, develop and prioritize an inventory list for essential response and support agency resource requirements in an emergency or disaster. 6. Develop suggested Operating Procedures for Resource Management. 7. Ensure that all personnel are familiar with their roles during an incident. Page 214 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 7: Logistics/Resource Support 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 7 - 6 8. Participate in local emergency management meetings, trainings, exercises and drills. E. Response 1. Activate ECC or other location for resource management activities. 2. Coordinate, supervise, and manage the procurement, storage, and distribution of supplies and equipment in an emergency or disaster through the ECC. 3. Coordinate and disseminate public information concerning resource availability through the PIO for distribution. 4. Keep ECC advised on resources status and needs. 5. Prioritize their resource needs, identify and prioritize their assets. 6. Coordinate with Emergency Management PIO regarding public announcements and press releases concerning donations of goods, services, and volunteers. 7. Provide support and coordination for managing spontaneous donations of goods, services, and volunteers that are received. 8. Request other resources and support through WAEMD/SEOC as necessary. Many state resources will require authorization from the governor before they can be deployed to the county. F. Recovery 1. Continue to support and coordinate response and recovery activities as needed. 2. Follow appropriate policies and procedures in completing required documentation to justify emergency services, purchases or expenditures. 3. FCEM will assist in the management and utilization of resources to support priority survival and recovery activities to meet the needs of the affected community. 4. Keep FCEM informed on resource status and needs. 5. Continue to support by providing available resources and coordinate response and recovery activities as needed. 6. Continue to document the event and actions taken and document identified or potential problems. Submit situation reports and after-action reports to Page 215 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 7: Logistics/Resource Support 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 7 - 7 the WAEMD/SEOC as needed. 7. Contribute to after action reports and revise plans and procedures as necessary based on information learned from the event or disaster. V. RESPONSIBILITIES A. Primary Agency 1. Coordinate with the ARC, county, and city agencies that would respond to an emergency and verify that they have a plan for utilizing volunteers and donated materials. 2. Maintain communication with involved agencies and coordinate required logistical and resource support. 3. Assist all other local agencies in establishing resource inventories and resource management procedures. 4. Coordinate local requests through ECC and the SEOC utilizing WebEOC or other coordination points. 5. Document and report on resource status and activity. 6. Coordinate local requests for out of area resources and maintain contact with State EMD. 7. Coordinate activities with adjacent jurisdictions. 8. Document all activities and cost incurred. B. Support Agencies 1. Establish a program for tracking community volunteer groups, assessing their capabilities and managing the resources the groups could provide in emergency conditions. 2. Assist FCEM by tracking the availability of resources during an emergency and coordinating the acquisition of donated materials and volunteer resources. 3. Help document the consumption of donated resources after an emergency to aid in emergency planning. 4. County and City governments will develop plans for utilizing emergency workers, and will assist local efforts as requested and within limits of available resources and personnel. Page 216 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 7: Logistics/Resource Support 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 7 - 8 5. Work with FCEM/ECC to maintain resource inventories and operating procedures. 6. Document all activities and costs incurred. VI. RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS Resources required by this ESF include personnel to track the capabilities of volunteer organizations and material resources. Additional personnel will be necessary to communicate resource availability to FCEM during emergency situations. Actual response resources are also discussed in ESF 8 – Health and Medical Services, ESF 11 – Agriculture and Natural Resources, and ESF 3 - Public Works and Engineering. Additional resource requirements may be found in the implementing procedures and operating guidance for organizations mobilized under this ESF. VII. REFERENCES A. Washington State Constitution, Article 8, Section 7 B. RCW 38.52.070 – Local orgs and joint local orgs authorized C. RCW 38.52.110 – Use of existing services and facilities D. RCW 43.19.200 – Surplus personal property – Donation to emergency shelters Additionally, See Appendix 3 VIII. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS See Appendix 4 Page 217 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 8: Health and Medical Services 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 8 - 1 EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 8 HEALTH AND MEDICAL SERVICES Primary Agency: Benton-Franklin Health District (BFHD) Supporting Agencies: Franklin County Emergency Management (FCEM) Emergency Medical Services Local Hospitals and Clinics Southeast Communications Center (SECOMM) Ambulance Companies (public and private) Fire Departments and Fire Protection Districts Franklin County Coroner American Red Cross Law Enforcement Washington State Department of Health The National Disaster Medical System (NDMS) I. INTRODUCTION A. Purpose The purpose of this Emergency Support Function (ESF) is to provide Franklin County with guidelines for preparedness and response relating to health in the event of an event of natural or technological disaster, terrorism, epidemic disease, or other public health emergency. B. Scope This ESF applies in all situations, all hazards, where it is necessary to mobilize public health and medical resources to deal with threats to the population of Franklin County. Such conditions might include transportation disasters, fires, pandemic, floods, chemical, biological, radiation, and nuclear releases, explosions, hazardous material releases, severe weather, earthquake or civil disturbance. II. POLICIES State coordinated health and medical assistance to local jurisdictions is directed by the Washington Military Department through the Secretary of Health or the designated representative. Local jurisdictions will activate mutual aid agreements when their resources are depleted or committed. Additional state and federal assistance will be requested through the Franklin Page 218 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 8: Health and Medical Services 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 8 - 2 County Emergency Management (FCEM) Emergency Coordination/Operations Center (ECC/EOC), and coordinated and provided through the Washington State Military Department, Emergency Management Division (WAEMD)/State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC), when local public and private resources have been exhausted. To the maximum extent possible during emergency conditions public health and medical services will be conducted in accordance with the standard procedures and practices of the providers. In a mass-casualty situation, the Emergency Operations organization will assist in reducing the effects of the disaster by providing resource support and coordinating the activities of emergency service workers and health care providers in conjunction with the Tri-County Mass-Casualty Incident Plan. Authorities 1. Revised Code of Washington (RCW) 43.20.050(5) in part states than all police officers, sheriffs, constables and all other officers and employees of the state or any county, city or township thereof, shall enforce all rules adopted by the State Board of Health. 2. RCW 70.05.070 outlines the powers and duties of the local health officer. It part, states that the local health officer shall control and prevent the spread of any dangerous contagious or infectious disease that may occur in his/her jurisdiction. 3. Washington Administrative Code (WAC) 246-101-505 outlines the duties of the local health officer or local health department. In part, states that local health officers shall review and determine the appropriate action for instituting disease prevention and infection control, isolation, detention and quarantine measures necessary to prevent the spread of communicable disease, invoking the powers of the courts to enforce these measures when necessary. 4. WAC 246-101-425 outlines the responsibilities of the general public. In part, states that members of the general public shall cooperate with public health authorities in the investigation of cases and suspected cases, and cooperate with the implementation of infection control measures including isolation and quarantine. III. SITUATION A. Emergency/Disaster Conditions and Hazards 1. Despite the best efforts of government and other officials, emergencies and disasters may cause injury and death to citizens and emergency workers. Public officials have the responsibility to ensure that those injured or killed during a disaster are cared for in the most effective and timely manner possible. Page 219 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 8: Health and Medical Services 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 8 - 3 2. Several different agencies provide emergency medical services in Franklin County. These include fire departments, fire protection districts and public hospital districts. The level of services provided by both public and private EMS ranges from Basic Life Support (BLS) to Advanced Life Support (ALS). These units are responsible for primary response, treatment and transport. 3. A significant natural disaster, epidemic, technological or human event that overwhelms Franklin County would necessitate both state and federal health and medical assistance, in addition to mutual aid resources. For example, an event resulting in as few as 25 to 50 patients could require extensive mutual aid, and coordination of all involved health care facilities. Events such as earthquakes or severe storms could result in significantly more patients, depending on the location, time of day, and other factors. 4. Disruption to communication and/or transportation would cause further complications. Large numbers of victims would stress the local medical system, necessitating time critical assistance from the state and federal government. Such a large disaster could pose a variety of public health threats, including problems related to food, disease vectors, water, wastewater, solid waste and mental health effects. Pets, livestock and wild animals may also be affected, and could create health and safety problems. 5. Hospitals, clinics, nursing homes, pharmacies and other medical and health facilities may be structurally damaged or destroyed. Facilities with little or no structural damage may be unusable or only able to provide partial services due to disruption of vital services such as communication, utilities, water or sewer. Off-duty staff may not be able to report to work. 6. The psychological effects of a natural or man-made disaster or public health event could have a severe impact on the community well. The implications of such an event could cause panic among a wider population than actually is affected, with greater numbers of people seeking treatment than have been physically harmed. These individuals are referred to as “worried well”. Health facilities still in operation will likely be overwhelmed by a large number of incoming patients, including the “worried well” from the community, as well as patients transferred from damaged or endangered health care facilities. 7. Local Hospitals have developed stand-alone plans for 96-hour capacity during an emergency incident or triggers for evacuation due to compromise of key infrastructure or resources within the 96-hour timeframe. 8. Uninjured individuals may have difficulty in obtaining their daily medications because of damage to their homes or because of communication or transportation problems or shortages of medication within the disaster area. Persons with functional needs may be displaced from their homes or facilities and have difficulties with access to care and necessary aids to daily living. Page 220 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 8: Health and Medical Services 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 8 - 4 9. Disasters such as fires and floods do not typically result in large numbers of casualties. However, there may be a noticeable impact on health due to evacuation, shelters, vector control, and returning water, wastewater, and solid waste facilities to operation. Pets, livestock, and wild animals may also be affected, and may become a health and safety problem. 10. An emergency resulting from an explosion, toxic gas or radiation release could produce a large concentration of specialized injuries that would overwhelm the local medical system. Additionally, this type of event may result in other widespread health issues affecting food, water, and animals. 11. A mass casualty incident, epidemic or disaster could result in large numbers of fatalities. Morgue facilities, transportation for the deceased, and related supplies and equipment may be in short supply. Specific situations with special considerations would include the following: 1. Radiological emergencies 2. Chemical/Hazardous materials emergencies 3. Widespread disease of epidemics 4. Terrorism B. Assumptions 1. Organizations involved in this support function will operate according to their own procedures as may be applicable to emergency medical care during mass casualty incidents. 2. Since most field Emergency Medical Service providers within Franklin County are either affiliated with or work closely with Fire Departments/Districts, all responders on an event scene will operate under the Incident Command system. 3. Emergency Medical Services (EMS), as referred to in this ESF, encompasses the entire medical community, including: hospitals, fire services, physicians, public health and medical support personnel in private practice, ambulances and emergency aid transportation and organizations. 4. The primary objective of EMS in disaster is to ensure that basic and advanced life support systems are organized and coordinated to provide prompt, adequate and continuous care to disaster victims. A mutual aid agreement exists for the South-Central Washington EMS Region consisting of Kittitas, Yakima, Benton, Franklin, Walla Walla, and Columbia Counties. The Page 221 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 8: Health and Medical Services 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 8 - 5 signatories to this agreement will respond, when requested, in the event of disaster. 5. Ambulance, firefighters and law enforcement training levels vary and the level of service provided will correspond to the training received. 6. Resources within the affected area may be inadequate to clear casualties from the scene or treat them in local hospitals. Additional medical capabilities will be needed to supplement and assist local jurisdictions to triage and treat casualties in the affected area, and then transport them to the appropriate hospital or health care facility. Additionally, medical resupply will be needed throughout the disaster area. It may be necessary to arrange for air transportation to areas that have sufficient available hospital beds and where patients will receive necessary definitive medical care. IV. CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS A. General When there is a potential for, or occurrence of, a significant emergency or disaster, FCEM is to be notified. This notification could be to advise of a need for some level of activation of the FCEM ECC/EOC, or to pass on a request for assistance from the state. a. When activated, the Franklin County Emergency Manager or designee will request necessary personnel to staff the ECC/EOC. b. Based on the situation, the BFHD and Region 8 Health, medical facilities and response agencies will be notified of the potential for, or occurrence of the event. This may be done by the response agencies, or ECC/EOC staff, but the FCEM ECC/EOC is to verify that it is has been completed. c. Medical and health facilities, response agencies, and support agencies will activate their own emergency or disaster procedures as needed for the potential or actual event and will maintain communication with the FCEM ECC/EOC as to needs and status. d. In the event of a public health emergency where the BFHD or Region 8 Health EOC has been activated but not the FCEM ECC/EOC, the Public Health Administrator or designee will notify the Director of Emergency Management and the Washington State Secretary of Health of the activation. 1. During emergency conditions, specifically those including mass casualties, the three Tri-Cities area hospitals will coordinate the implementation of medical Page 222 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 8: Health and Medical Services 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 8 - 6 services in accordance with the Tri-County Mass Casualty Incident (MCI) Plan. 2. Existing mutual aid agreements govern the operations of agencies under this support function. 3. The Health Officer for the BFHD may assist in coordination and implementation of medical and health services if existing plans and agreements do not adequately serve the need. 4. Hospital Emergency Administrative Radio (HEAR) (155.340 MHZ) provides a communication network between the hospital and some ambulance units in Franklin County. Some ambulance units also have Medical Network (MEDNET) on which to communicate with hospitals. Since most ambulance units have the HEAR frequency, that is the designated frequency for disaster. 5. Once the FCEM ECC/EOC is operational, all Emergency Support Function (ESF) 8 response and recovery activities will be directed from the ECC/EOC. The BFHD is the lead agency for the ESF 8 Health and Medical Services. FCEM ECC/EOC staff for ESF 8 will include the Benton – Franklin Public Health Administrator or designee, and other technical staff as needed for the event. 6. Necessary support agencies and organizations will be notified, and requested to provide 24-hour representation to the FCEM ECC/EOC or be available by direct communication. Each support agency and organization is responsible for ensuring that sufficient staff is available to support the FCEM ECC/EOC and carry out the activities tasked to their agency or organization on a continuous basis. Individuals staffing the FCEM ECC/EOC, or acting as liaison with the ECC/EOC, need to have extensive knowledge of the resources and capabilities of their respective agencies or organizations, and have access to the appropriate authority for committing those resources during response and recovery operations. 7. The FCEM ECC/EOC and BFHD staff will maintain communication and coordination with response agencies, medical and health facilities, and other organizations and officials to identify current and projected medical and public health status and requests for assistance. Written situation reports will assist other ECC/EOC staff, and other officials with a need for this information. 8. Response agencies and health care facilities will report needs or potential needs to the FCEM ECC/EOC. Medical and health needs that cannot be met with local and regional resources and mutual aid will be directed to the Washington State Military Department, Emergency Management Division (WAEMD)/State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC). WAEMD/SEOC Page 223 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 8: Health and Medical Services 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 8 - 7 may provide advice or technical assistance, and they may provide direct support with personnel, equipment, and/or supplies B. Organization 1. BENTON-FRANKLIN HEALTH DISTRICT: The Benton-Franklin Health District Health Officer has overall responsibility for protection of the health of the population within the District. The District Health Officer reports to the Benton-Franklin Health District (BFHD) Board of Health, which sets local health policy with guidance from the State Board of Health. The BFHD Health District Board of Health is comprised of elected officials from counties within the district. 2. Emergency Medical Services (EMS), law enforcement, fire departments and other first responders operate under their directors and coordinate their activities through the FCEM ECC/EOC 3. The Franklin County Coroner is responsible for mortuary service operations in the event of an incident, as well as implementing ESF 8A the Franklin County Mass Fatality Plan. 4. The local hospitals participate in local and regional disaster response plans and will stay in communication with the FCEM ECC/EOC regarding situation updates, their response activities, capacity status, public information coordination, and other activities and information as is appropriate. 5. The American Red Cross (ARC) provides shelter, food, and mental health support for evacuated and other displaced people and operates under its organizational direction and coordinates its activities with the FCEM ECC/EOC. 6. The FCEM ECC/EOC coordinates overall activities. C. Mitigation 1. The ARC, BFHD, and FCEM will promote public education in their respective areas regarding the importance of first aid and CPR training, immunizations, and hygiene. 2. Emergency Medical Service Providers will be familiar with procedures for multiple casualty and triage needs. These include but are not limited to ambulance positions, initial patient assessment, evaluation of number of rescue personnel needed, establishing triage areas, sorting of casualties, information gathering and record keeping, and priorities for evacuation. D. Preparedness Page 224 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 8: Health and Medical Services 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 8 - 8 1. FCEM will assist in the development, exercising, and revision of mass casualty plans and procedures for any and all Emergency Medical Service elements requesting such assistance. 2. Lourdes Medical Center, in Pasco, will maintain and regularly test their individual disaster plans in accordance with established regulations. E. Response 1. When called, Emergency Medical Service units will respond to the scene of an emergency or disaster or to a designated staging area. Responding units and support staff will function under the NIMS Unified Command structure with the on-scene Incident Commander and maintain contact through normal channels with the Fire Coordinator in the Emergency Coordination Center. 2. SECOMM will provide dispatch and coordination of Franklin County emergency medical services in Franklin County. Hospital Emergency Administrative Radio (HEAR) (155.340 MHZ) provides a communication network between the hospital and some ambulance units in Franklin County. Some ambulance units also have Medical Network (MEDNET) on which to communicate with hospitals. Since most ambulance units have the HEAR frequency, that is the designated frequency for disaster. 3. Three local hospitals and service providers will coordinate efforts in accordance with the Tri-County Mass Casualty Incident Plan and the Disaster Medical Coordination Center Hospital Plan to ensure that casualty loads are distributed in a suitable manner. Additionally, BFHD and Region 8 Health will advise and assist ECC/EOC personnel in managing medical resources as conditions require. 4. The Franklin County Coroner will provide emergency information on mass fatalities, body identification, and morgue operations for release through the news media. The Coroner will coordinate morgue services, body identification, and disposition of unclaimed bodies. The Franklin County Coroner’s Office is responsible for managing and activating ESF 8A, the Franklin County Mass Fatality Plan. 5. In exercising, ultimate responsibility for safeguarding the public health, the Health Officer of the BFHD, in conjunction with the Coroner, may determine the most appropriate method of handling the remains of victims. See ESF 8A for more details. 6. Temporary morgues may be established at the direction of the Coroner. If local resources for proper handling and disposition of the dead are exceeded, Page 225 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 8: Health and Medical Services 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 8 - 9 the State and/or Federal government may provide supplemental assistance for the identification, movement, storage, and disposition of the dead. The Coroner may make a request for such assistance through Franklin County Emergency Management (FCEM.). See ESF 8A for more details. F. Recovery Benton-Franklin Health Department: 1. BFHD may advise FCEM on the availability of medical providers during the emergency, and may assist in the coordination of necessary medical services. Support and coordinate recovery activities consistent with their missions and capabilities, including continued mental health support, public information and education, and liaison with regional, state and federal agencies. Compile after-action reports to coordinate and plan for future emergencies. Franklin County Coroner, EMS and other agencies: 1. EMS providers will close triage and emergency staging/treatment areas, recording the costs incurred during operation. Compile after-action reports to coordinate and plan for future emergencies. Support agencies - city/county departments, ARC and other volunteer/public/private organizations: 1. ARC will ensure the coordinated use of area mental health services to provide counseling services for those affected or traumatized by the emergency or disaster. BFHD may advise the ARC on special needs or considerations for those services 2. Support recovery activities consistent with their organization missions and capabilities. 3. Provide after-action report input to BFHD for the after-action report of the event. V. RESPONSIBILITIES Primary Agency: Benton Franklin Health District The Benton County Public Health Administrator is the lead for ESF 8 – Health and Medical Services response. BFHD’s responsibility is to identify and meet the health, safety and medical needs of the people of Benton County in the event of an emergency or a disaster by utilizing the BFHD’s existing expertise and personnel to provide: • Surveillance. • Response • Event tracking. • Rapid health risk assessment. • Environmental health services. Page 226 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 8: Health and Medical Services 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 8 - 10 • Community education. • Coordination with community partners. • Dissemination of information. • Event command and control through the Incident Command System. • Post event recovery recommendations. • Support to Franklin County Emergency Management in planning for, and providing medical and public health assistance to local jurisdictions affected by an emergency or disaster. • Coordinate and maintain situation reports. • Coordination with hospitals, clinics, and extended care facilities and FCEM ECC/EOC staff, including, Region 8 Health, Benton County Coroner, and other support agencies. • Coordination establishment of alternate care facilities when needed outside of existing hospitals. • Assistance in the establishment of temporary morgues with the Franklin County Coroner when needed (ESF 8A). Other specific responsibilities • Control of communicable disease, including isolation and quarantine if necessary. • Local receipt and administration of the Strategic National Stockpile (SNS). • Monitor quality of public water systems. • Test and investigate reports of septic tank system problems. • Approve and Inspect temporary food facilities. • Investigate illegal dumping activities and inspect solid waste disposal facilities as needed. • Investigate reports of rodents, insects, and disease vectors and other environmental health hazards, make recommendations or take corrective action as needed. Provide liaison with mental health providers and mental health emergency support services for assistance to citizens and victims. • Provide liaison with the ARC and other relief and volunteer agencies re: mass care facilities, shelters, feeding sites, first aid and other health and medical issues (The ARC is limited to daily medications and helping meet activities of daily living guidelines). • Public Health Emergency Planning and Response (a) All hazards emergency planning, preparedness and response. (b) Biological and chemical hazards. (c) Strategic National Stockpile (SNS) planning and response. (d) Coordinate support health care and medical services in Benton County during an emergency. (e) Communications and information to health care providers. (f) Coordinating Support for functional needs populations. (g) Health support services for evacuation. (h) Public information for health, medical and safety concerns. (i) Potable water, wastewater, and solid waste disposal. Support Agencies Page 227 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 8: Health and Medical Services 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 8 - 11 A. Franklin County Emergency Management 1. Provide logistical and other support to responders upon request from the Incident Commander. 2. Provide public information as necessary. 3. Coordinate mass alert and warning of persons located in effected area. 4. Coordinate additional communication equipment as needed. 5. Maintain liaison with supporting agencies. 6. Provide needed information and documentation to Washington Military Department, Emergency Management Division regarding emergency and/or disaster declarations. 7. Provide planning and assist in SOP development support to emergency medical service providers for mass casualty situations upon request. 8. Assist in exercise design and implementation to familiarize personnel with multi-agency response, mass casualty, and triage, and will provide logistical and resource support needed during any disaster incident. B. Emergency Medical Services 1. Be familiar with all appropriate emergency and disaster plans and procedures, and will participate in regular exercise of any such plans. 2. Hospital providers will maintain and regularly test their disaster plans in cooperation with FCEM. 3. Respond as necessary to protect the public health during an emergency or disaster. C. Franklin County Coroner 1. Coordinate morgue services, body identification, and disposition of unclaimed bodies. 2. Exercise statutory authority (under RCW 68) over bodies of all deceased persons who have died suddenly while in apparent good health without medical attention within the thirty-six hours preceding death. 3. Activate disaster procedures and Mass Fatality Plan – ESF 8A, upon notification of an emergency involving ten or more casualties. 4. Provide emergency information on mass fatalities, body identification, and morgue operations for release to the news media. 5. If necessary, designates sites/locations for temporary morgues in coordination with the BFHD. There are specific considerations for potential temporary morgue/s. a. Refrigerated truck trailers may be used, but should have steel decks only. b. Trailers used for hauling raw meat should be avoided. c. Buildings used should have concrete or other non-porous flooring (not wood), not used for food storage or processing, have large open areas and Page 228 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 8: Health and Medical Services 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 8 - 12 be fairly cool. d. Psychological impact on owner/occupants of building will be considered. Sites should have good access for large vehicles, including tractor/trailer rigs. e. Some possible sites include airport hangers, or facilities at the county fairgrounds, such as the community service building. D. American Red Cross 1. Coordinate services through the FCEM ECC/EOC. 2. Maintain lists of personnel with current Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) and First Aid training, and licensed volunteer nurses; especially registered nurses (RNs) doctors, licensed practical nurses, and certified nursing assistants. 3. Provide emergency first aid, supportive counseling, health care for minor illnesses and injuries to victims in mass care shelters, selected disaster feeding and/or clean-up areas, and other sites deemed necessary by the BFHD. 4. Supplement local existing health care system; subject to availability of staff. 5. Provide supportive counseling for the family members of the dead and injured. 6. Provide available personnel to assist in alternate care facilities, immunization clinics, morgues, hospitals, and nursing homes. 7. Acquaint families with available health care resources and services and make appropriate referrals. 8. Provide blood and blood products through regional blood centers at the request of the appropriate agency. 9. Provide coordination for uploading of appropriate patient casualty information from ESF 8 into the Disaster Welfare Information System. E. State The Washington State Department of Health (DOH) directs and coordinates the provision of health and medical assistance to fulfill the needs identified by the authorities in the affected local jurisdictions. This includes the overall public health response and recovery, triage, treatment and transportation of victims, and evacuation of patients from the area of the event, utilizing resources available from: 1. Within the Washington State DOH 2. Supporting state departments and agencies 3. The National Disaster Medical System (NDMS), which extends to the federal level 4. Other non-governmental sources such as major pharmaceutical suppliers, hospital supply vendors, the Washington State Funeral Directors Association and other volunteer organizations. VI. PLAN PREPARATION & MAINTENANCE Page 229 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 8: Health and Medical Services 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 8 - 13 BFHD and FCEM are responsible for the plan preparation and maintenance of this Emergency Support Function (ESF). This ESF will be reviewed as required by the Washington Military Department, Emergency Management Division. Any necessary updates and revisions are prepared and coordinated between BFHD and FCEM based on local, state and national guidance and deficiencies identified in exercises and emergencies. Changes in this ESF will be coordinated by FCEM and distributed to all holders of the plan. VII. RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS Resources required by this ESF include medical service personnel and health professionals, logistic support for coordinating emergency medical attention, and the resources required by the implementing procedures and plans of the organizations operating under this support function. Additional personnel will be necessary to communicate resource availability to FCEM during emergency situations. Actual response resources are also discussed in ESF 1 - Transportation, ESF 2 - Communications, ESF 6 - Mass Care, ESF 8 - ESF 9 - Search and Rescue, ESF 4 - Fire Fighting, and the Tri-County Mass Casualty Incident (MCI) Plan. VIII. REFERENCES A. Attachment A: Activation and Operations Procedure and Notifications B. Attachment B: Public Information C. Attachment C: Mortuary Services D. Benton-Franklin Health Department Emergency Response Plan E. Mass Casualty Plan and Disaster Medical Coordination Center Plan F. See CEMP Appendix 3 G. WA Emergency Management Division  WA Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan  ESF-8: Public Health, Medical, and Mortuary Services • Appendix 1 (Emergency Medical Resources) • Appendix 2 (Medical Surge Plan) • Appendix 3 (Mass Fatality Incident Support) • Appendix 4 (Pandemic Influenza and Viral Respiratory Disease Plan) IX. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS See CEMP Appendix 4 Page 230 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 8: Health and Medical Services 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 8 - 14 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK Page 231 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 8: Health and Medical Services 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 8 - 15 EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 8 HEALTH AND MEDICAL SERVICES ATTACHMENT A ACTIVATION AND OPERATIONS PROCEDURE AND NOTIFICATIONS The activation of ESF 8 will be coordinated through the Franklin County Emergency Management (FCEM) Emergency Coordination Center (ECC/EOC) under the direction of the Emergency Manager and the Public Health Administrator or designee. BFHD will maintain an activation list of Health Department staff by telephone and by location should communications be interrupted. Hospitals and clinics will be notified under the following circumstances: 1. A declared Public Health Emergency 2. In the event of possible or probable excessive demand on the capacity of hospitals or walk-in clinics 3. In the event of unusual health threats requiring special preparations and/or precautions, notification is to be follow-up promptly with information and instructions appropriate to the emergency. Page 232 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 8: Health and Medical Services 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 8 - 16 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK Page 233 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 8: Health and Medical Services 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 8 - 17 EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 8 HEALTH AND MEDICAL SERVICES ATTACHMENT B PUBLIC INFORMATION Public Information relating to Health and Medical emergency response: 1. Will be communicated through the Franklin Emergency Management (FCEM) Emergency Coordination Center (ECC/EOC) Public Information Officer (PIO) in compliance with Appendix 9 – Limited English Proficiency. 2. Will be approved by the Benton-Franklin County Public Health Administrator or the ranking Public Health professional on duty or their designee. 3. Will be preferentially based on previously prepared messages as is appropriate. 4. Will be coordinated with the State Department of Health and regional emergency response to ensure consistency of messages. 5. See also Franklin County CEMP, ESF 15 – Public Affairs. Page 234 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 8: Health and Medical Services 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 8 - 18 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK Page 235 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 8: Health and Medical Services 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 8 - 19 EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 8 HEALTH AND MEDICAL SERVICES ATTACHMENT C MORTUARY SERVICES I. PURPOSE A. The purpose of the Mortuary Services attachment is to provide guidelines for rapid response to events resulting in a large number of deaths. II. POLICIES A. The Washington State Department of Licensing, Funeral and Cemetery Unit represents death care concerns of the state and provides liaison with the Department of Health, medical examiners and coroners, licensed funeral directors, embalmers, and funeral establishments, the Washington State Funeral Directors Association, and the National Funeral Directors Association. B. If a disaster exceeds the resources of the local jurisdiction and its funeral professionals, the funeral and cemetery unit will assist in the coordination with the Washington State Funeral Directors Association and the National Funeral Association to recruit the needed professionals to meet the needs. The state and national funeral associations have Comprehensive Emergency Management Plans in place. C. Please refer to ESF 8A Mass Fatality Plan in this CEMP for more detail Page 236 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 8A: Mass Fatality 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 8A - 1 EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 8A MASS FATALITY PLAN Primary Agency: Franklin County Coroner Supporting Agencies: Franklin County Emergency Management Local Hospitals Local Funeral Directors Benton-Franklin Health District American Red Cross Washington State EMD Search and Rescue Fire Protection Districts/Fire Departments Franklin County Sheriff’s Office/Law Enforcement I. INTRODUCTION A. Purpose The purpose of this support function is to coordinate, organize and mobilize the Coroner’s office and mortuary services during a mass fatalities incident. B. Scope This plan supports Emergency Support Function (ESF) #8, Public Health & Medical Services. Each supporting agency will do what is necessary to support the plan within the scope of that agency’s responsibilities. II. POLICIES The Franklin County Coroner’s Office is responsible for the medical investigation of the incident, including human factor considerations (e.g., toxicology) as defined by RCW 68.50. A mass fatality incident does not diminish this responsibility. The coroner is in charge of the documentation, examination, identification, recovery, disposition and certification of all human remains as well as morgue operations. III. SITUATION A. General 1. Franklin County faces several hazards which could result in a large number of deaths and exceed Franklin County’s capacity. Among these are natural disasters such as earthquakes, transportation accidents, chemical, radiological Page 237 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 8A: Mass Fatality 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 8A - 2 or nuclear accidents, terrorist attacks, violent crimes and communicable disease outbreaks. 2. A mass fatality incident involves an increase in the number of human remains that must be processed. It may also include the processing of a crime scene, where human remains and personal effects maybe evidence. Human remains may need to be processed and stored in temporary facilities under the supervision of the coroner before being released for final disposition. If the human remains are located in a crime scene, there will be additional considerations for evidence management, including but not limited to managing chain of custody and proper documentation. B. Assumptions 1. Organizations involved in this support function will operate according to their own procedures as may be applicable for a mass fatality incident. 2. All Franklin County Agencies responding at an event scene will operate under the Incident Command System. 3. Franklin County Emergency Management (FCEM) will activate their Emergency Operations Center during a mass fatality incident. 4. Local infrastructure maybe damaged or destroyed during a mass fatality incident, requiring either mutual aid from adjoining counties or state and federal agencies. 5. A mutual aid agreement exists between Region 8 Health Department and local hospitals that are located in Klickitat, Yakima, Benton, and Walla Walla Counties that would assist Franklin County when requested in the event of a mass fatality incident. 6. Region 8 Coroner Emergency Response Trailer is also available upon request to the coroners’ within the Region 8 boundaries. The Benton County Coroner has keys to this trailer and maintains the inventory of supplies. The trailer and supplies are made available by contacting South East Communications (SECOMM - 911dispatch center). 7. In the initial stages of a mass fatality incident, first responder agencies, as designated by the Incident Commander may have to provide care and safeguarding of the deceased and secure and protect the human remains until adequate mortuary response resources can respond and assume control. IV. CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS A. General Page 238 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 8A: Mass Fatality 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 8A - 3 1. Mass fatality disasters have the potential to quickly overwhelm the resources of the coroner depending on the capacity of the facility at the time and the number of fatalities. When the office becomes overwhelmed the coroner will seek assistance from other counties plus the State of Washington and federal resources. 2. The coroner will be notified immediately of a large number of fatalities so that they can provide assistance and advice as needed to better assure the scene is minimally disturbed during the removal of potential survivors and that the integrity of the subsequent investigation can be preserved. 3. The coroner will assess the scope of an event and the availability of local resources and advise emergency management if the mass fatality incident exceeds the capacity of existing resources. If additional resources are necessary, emergency management will make requests to local mutual aid partners, both public and private, consistent with written agreements, as needed. 4. Emergency management will complete and submit a Declaration of Emergency for the county requesting additional resources by identifying equipment and personnel assets needed to manage the victims and channeling those requests through the state and the federal government. 5. The key functions in a mass fatality incident response are the recovery, processing, identification, storage and disposition of human remains; the certification of cause and manner of death; the collection of evidence, as appropriate; and providing information and assistance to affected families. 6. The level and type of assistance needed during a mass fatality incident may vary significantly based on the day-to-day capabilities of the coroner office and local support agencies. Requests for assistance from emergency management to the state may include requests for: a. Incident Management Teams; b. Investigation personnel (forensic pathologists, death investigators, etc.); c. Cold storage resources such as refrigerator trucks; d. Logistical support in identifying and establishing alternate morgue facilities; e. Transportation resources; f. Mental health professionals; (Chaplains) g. Federal assistance, including Disaster Mortuary Operational Response Team (DMORT); B. Organization Page 239 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 8A: Mass Fatality 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 8A - 4 1. The office and function of the coroner is established by RCW Chapter 68.50 and as such the county coroner has the legal responsibility for handling the deceased at a mass fatalities incident. 2. During an emergency the county coroner, emergency management, public health and other healthcare partners will need to be prepared to assist and manage additional deaths due to a variety of causes that have been previously discussed. 3. Depending on the scope, it is anticipated that coroners, medical examiners, funeral service personnel, cemetery and crematorium personnel, forensic anthropologists and any other person whose responsibility involves direct handling of human remains will assist in a mass fatality response. 4. In Washington State under Homeland Security, Franklin County is grouped with four other counties referred to as Region 8. These counties would respond to any mass fatality event within the Region. Each of these counties has a County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP) which will help the response efforts of each county. In addition, each organization knows their response capabilities to a fatality event. 5. Very limited decedent storage capacity is available in Franklin County. A Regional diagram has been developed that shows storage capacity available within the 5 counties. (See attachment for current listing). C. Response 1. The coroner will develop a plan in conjunction with police, fire, EMS and rescue personnel. The Incident Command System (ICS) will be utilized. This assumes a unified command center with a specific individual in charge through which all activities are coordinated. 2. To manage the complexity of such an incident, the response to a mass fatality incident will utilize a phased approach or a rapid response with the coroner as lead. The county emergency management agency and other first responders may assist the coroner in developing and executing a response. 3. Three local hospitals and service providers will coordinate efforts in accordance with the Tri-County Mass Casualty Incident Plan to ensure that casualty loads are distributed in a suitable manner. Additionally, Benton- Franklin Health Department will advise and assist ECC personnel in managing medical resources as conditions require. 4. The coroner will provide emergency information on mass deaths, body identification, and morgue operations for release through the news media. Page 240 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 8A: Mass Fatality 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 8A - 5 The coroner will coordinate morgue services, body identification, and disposition of unclaimed bodies. 5. At the discretion of the coroner, a temporary holding morgue may be utilized at the scene of an incident. The purpose of the temporary holding morgue is to provide short-term shelter, primary and security of human remains and associated evidence until transportation to the primary morgue is arranged. 6. The coroner will coordinate morgue services, body identification, and disposition of unclaimed bodies. Temporary morgues may be established at the direction of the coroner. If local resources for proper handling and disposition of the dead are exceeded, the state and/or federal government may provide supplemental assistance for the identification, movement, storage, and disposition of the dead. The coroner may make a request for such assistance through Franklin County ECC. D. Recovery 1. Once a size-up of the scene is accomplished, the task of recovery of remains, remain parts, and possessions begins. None of the remains shall be moved or touched by workers/responders until the coroner has given direction and approval. 2. A tracking system for human remains will be implemented by the coroner in order to document how the remains are found, how fragmented portions are tracked, how these remains are correlated with case numbers and crossed referenced. 3. A grid system of the scene will be established. The grid system should be broken down into blocks no larger than 30 feet by 30 feet. Size of blocking is dependent on the area of the incident and the workers available. Awaiting the establishment of the grid system, the incident site should be recorded on film. This is best done by using a 35mm or digital camera for still photos and by using a video camera for recording the overall scene. 4. After the grid is set up, a search and recovery team of two individuals will be assigned to a block. These individuals will search, mark and document items found within their respective blocks. The recovery team will photograph and or videotape all activity of the recovery team within their respective blocks. The coroner will have a numbering and marking system, which will be explained in detail to each team before recovery begins. It will be coordinated at a central point just outside the perimeter of the grid. Here numbers will be assigned to the bodies and body parts as they are bagged and removed from the grid and taken to the temporary morgue. 5. All remains will be tagged with the assigned numbers. It will then be Page 241 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 8A: Mass Fatality 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 8A - 6 documented and bagged with the number appearing on the bag. As the bodies or body parts are removed from the grid, they will be flagged and marked with the assigned number. Flags of different contrasting colors will be used to distinguish between body parts and bodies recovered. 6. Unattached personal effects found on or near the body will be placed in a container, tagged with corresponding numbers and data reflecting the location and/or surroundings and secured. 7. Valuables, such as wallets or jewelry which are attached to the body shall not be removed. Such valuables found on or near the body have potential identification value should be placed in a container and charted as to the exact location where they were recovered. 8. Remains may then be removed, as authorized, from their initial discovery site to a staging area for transporting to the morgue or temporary morgue site. This initial movement may require litter, stretches or other specialized removal equipment. 9. After the removal of all bodies and body parts, the teams will then be used to recover the belongings of the deceased. These items will also be bagged and numbers assigned. In a mass disaster, remember to establish shift schedules for the tams working within the grid. This will keep teams alert and cut down on traumatizing the teams. 10. The transfer of remains to the temporary morgue shall be handled discreetly, with sensitive care of the human body and whenever possible, “closed” vehicles should be used. 11. All names on vehicles used for transport will be removed (or covered) whenever possible. The vehicles will travel the same route from the handling site to the morgue area. This route will be established in coordination with the local police. Vehicles will travel at a moderate speed in convoy style, maintaining dignity and order. 12. Records will be kept at the staging area as to the identification of the vehicle and its driver as well as the tag number of the deceased being transported. 13. Once all remains and remain parts, along with recoverable possessions is accomplished, the scene will be secured. At this time, the coroner may turn over custody of the scene to another agency with jurisdiction. E. Morgue Operations 1. The coroner will organize the morgue site and its operations and assign personnel to some or all of the following jobs. Uniformed guards, Page 242 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 8A: Mass Fatality 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 8A - 7 information clerks, interviewers, telephone communications, admission clerk, identification personnel, orderlies, personal effects security, embalmers, secretaries, inventory clerk, distribution clerk, and others as needed. 2. The morgue site will be used for the temporary housing, identification, sanitation, preservation (as authorized) as well as the distribution point for the release of the dead and their possessions to their next of kin or their agent. Refrigeration units will be utilized as needed. 3. Deceased human remains received at the morgue will be identified and all helpful information shall be recorded for each remains. Personal effects will be received, photographed, recorded, secured, and distributed to the next of kin as authorized. F. Morgue Reception Area 1. Log time of arrival and name of personnel in vehicle, have driver sign a delivery form, compare the number of the bag to the number of the body, photograph body, remove victim’s clothing and jewelry and describe and photograph them. Clean up jewelry so you can see any initials that may help with identification. Establish a file for this information that stays with the body. 2. The morgue reception area should have a pathologist and anthropologist to determine what is or isn’t human remains. 3. To maintain accurate files for identification, a volunteer should be assigned to “track” each body through the process. Once a body is brought to the morgue, a corresponding numbered file can be given to the tracker who then follows the body to reception, x-ray, fingerprinting, and dental. The tracker should not accompany the body into autopsy or embalming areas. However, the tracker must remain outside this area to accompany the body through the rest of the process. The tracker makes notes on the file at each station based on directions from the person with authority at the station. If information is requested by one of the doctors or morgue officials, the tracker should make copies, ensuring the originals stay in the file. After the tracker is sure the body has gone through the complete identification process, the tracker delivers the file back to the command center of the morgue. G. Body X-Ray All bodies or body parts coming into the morgue will be fully x-rayed. Portable units should be brought to the site. The local hospitals can supply portable units if needed. H. Fingerprinting Page 243 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 8A: Mass Fatality 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 8A - 8 Franklin County Sheriff’s department and Pasco Police department have people trained in fingerprinting. If a large mass disaster occurs, have the ECC notify the F.B.I. fingerprinting team as soon as possible. I. Autopsy and Anthropology Area Autopsies, will be performed at the Benton County Morgue. The Franklin County Coroner’s office will transport to the morgue. In a mass disaster where the Benton County morgue is overwhelmed, the autopsy can be done at Kadlec Medical Center in their morgue, or a temporary morgue will be established and utilized. Franklin County Coroner’s office will oversee all autopsies. J. Embalming Section Embalming can be done at local funeral homes if the incident is not too large. If a mass disaster, this area should be incorporated into the temporary morgue. Some local funeral directors have portable units that can be moved into the morgue. A record must be kept of all actions in the embalming area. It should include: a. Time frame (arrival to departure). b. Embalming Report for each embalming, filled out by the embalmer. c. Embalmers name and state license number. K. Release of Deceased or Remains 1. Once the remains have been positively identified, the family or next of kin will be contacted. The coroner will coordinate the release of the remains and personal effects to the next of kin or their representative. 2. In situations where there are unidentified remains, the coroner will make the decision and provide direction regarding their disposition. 3. Where embalming or preparation is authorized, the procedure will be under the direction of the coroner for later transportation to the family’s designated funeral home, cemetery, or other destination. L. Cremation 1. When the next of kin requests; direct cremation may be completed at the local crematories. Cremation should not take place for a minimum of seven days after the last body has been processed. All standard procedures should be followed, obtaining releases and consent forms. Cremains may then be forwarded to the next of kin. 2. Cremation should never be used as a form of disposition for unidentified remains or tissue. Religious considerations, as well as possibility of future identification affect this decision. M. Termination Page 244 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 8A: Mass Fatality 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 8A - 9 1. When the procedures of identification, notification and disposition are accomplished, termination of the incident begins. As fire, EMS and police units are no longer needed, they should be released to return to their areas. This may be done before morgue and disposition operations are completed. 2. As morgue operations are discontinued, personnel not needed should be released to return home. Specialized units that are called in to assist will be their own termination procedures. Every effort should be made to assist them as needed. After all the units have terminated their operations, the coroner will notify the ECC to resume normal operations. N. Family Assistance Center 1. The purpose of the Family Assistance Center is to provide relatives of victims with information and access to services they may need in the days following the incident. This will help shield families from the media and curiosity seekers. Additionally, this will help investigators and the coroner to get access to families directly, allowing them to get personal information more easily and privately. Franklin County and the ARC have agreements with a number of facilities in the area that can be utilized for these types of emergencies. 2. Areas within the center include counseling, security, transportation, and registration. Benton/Franklin Red Cross oversees the center and trains their volunteers which includes screening and verifying credentials. We have police and EMS stationed at the center for security and medical assistance. O. Public Information 1. All information must be routed through the coroner and/or their designated public information officer. Establishment of an area for the press to work from and policies for taking pictures that is away from the morgue or any family reception area. Make a press release available as soon as possible and update at regular intervals. Give information out in the form of a written statement. This will help in preventing possible release of false statistical information. Have the media tour the scene by bus and escorted by law enforcement personnel. P. Critical Incident Stress Management 1. Mass fatality incident responders are at particular risk of developing critical incident stress related problems. While many of the responding personnel have routinely dealt with death and injuries, the magnitude and scope of a large-scale incident might easily overwhelm their mental mechanisms to deal with these situations. The ECC will coordinate a formal critical incident Page 245 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 8A: Mass Fatality 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 8A - 10 stress debriefing and any follow-up action required. IV. CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS A. Primary Agency Franklin County Coroner The Coroner’s office is responsible for the investigation of the incident. The coroner is in charge of the documentation, examination, identification, recovery, disposition and certification of all remains as well as morgue operations. Following a mass fatality incident, the coroner is expected to: • Assume responsibility for the death investigation • Review the scope of the incident • Determine the need for additional assistance (Disaster Mortuary Operational Response Team and/or the Federal Bureau of Investigation). • Establish morgue operations and security • Review and document the evidence • Identify the deceased • Issue death certificates for all victims B. Support Agencies Franklin County Emergency Management • Manage the Emergency Operation Center during a mass fatality incident. • Provide resource coordination with local vendors as well as State and Federal. • Work closely with coroner to provide assistance in public information and the joint information system. Local Hospitals • Be familiar with all appropriate emergency and disaster plans and procedures, and participate in regular exercises of any such plans. • Ensure appropriate mass fatality training for staff. • Determine logistical concerns regarding dead bodies and remains to include storage capacity. Local Funeral Directors Page 246 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 8A: Mass Fatality 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 8A - 11 • Provide assistance to the coroner in identifying needed mortuary service personnel and resources. • Assist the coroner with morgue services, body identification, and disposition of unclaimed bodies. Benton/Franklin Health District • Provides technical support as necessary to help assure the protection of the public health as it relates to the proper handling and disposition of human remains to include storage capacity. • Register death certificates (RCW 70.05.070) • Coordinate with WA-DOH for incomplete death certificate waivers. • Assist with the determination of when maximum decedent storage capacity will be reached and request assistance from the state as needed. • After Franklin County has exceeded its own capacity and its local public and private mutual aid resources, State Department of Health will respond to health specific requests for medico-legal death investigation personnel and DMORT assistance made through the local ECC through the SEOC. American Red Cross • Operate the family community reception center (CRC) and coordinate needs with coroner. • Pre-identify the positions within the CRC and train those responsible for its operation. • Provide medical services, including behavioral health screening and referral to residents at the care center. Washington State EMD • Staff the SEOC and process requests for assistance from the local ECC(s) for logistical and resource support. VI. RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS Resources required by this ESF include medical service personnel and health professionals, logistic support for coordinating emergency medical attention, and the resources required by the implementing procedures and plans of the organizations operating under this support function. Additional personnel will be necessary to communicate resource availability to FCEM during emergency situations. Actual response resources are also discussed in ESF-1, Transportation, ESF-2, Communications, ESF-6, Mass Care, ESF-9, Search and Rescue, and ESF-4, Fire Fighting, and the Tri-County Mass Casualty Incident Plan. Page 247 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 8A: Mass Fatality 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 8A - 12 VII. REFERENCES See Appendix 3 VIII. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS See Appendix 4 Page 248 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 9: SAR 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 9- 1 EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 9 Search and Rescue within Franklin County Primary Agencies: Franklin County Sheriff's Office (FCSO) Pasco Police Support Agencies: Connell Police Pasco Fire Department Fire County Fire Districts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Franklin County Emergency Management (FCEM) Sheriff’s Posse Columbia Basin Dive & Rescue Southeast Communications (SECOMM) Benton County Sheriff’s Office (BCSO) U.S. Civil Air Patrol U.S. Coast Guard Washington State Department of Transportation Washington State Military Department I. INTRODUCTION A. Purpose To provide guidelines for the effective utilization of search and rescue resources and for the coordination of search and rescue efforts within the unincorporated areas within Franklin County. The Revised Code of Washington (RCW) definition of SAR: "Search and rescue" means the acts of searching for, rescuing, or recovering by means of ground, marine, or air activity any person who becomes lost, injured, or is killed while outdoors or as a result of a natural, technological, or human caused disaster, including instances involving searches for downed aircraft when ground personnel are used....". (RCW 38.52.010(23)). B. Scope 1. Search and rescue (SAR) operations are classified in several ways, such as land SAR, air SAR, and underground rescue. State law encompasses both wildland and disaster SAR within the definition of land SAR (Section 38.52.010 (23) RCW). 2. Wildland and disaster SAR are also terms used by the federal government, however are covered under two separate plans, (i.e., the National SAR Plan and the National Response Plan). In the State of Washington, Disaster SAR is commonly called Urban SAR (USAR), which is specifically defined by FEMA as involving the location, rescue (extrication), and initial medical stabilization of individuals trapped in confined spaces. Structural Collapse is most often the cause of people being trapped, but individuals may also be trapped in transportation Page 249 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 9: SAR 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 9- 2 accidents, mines and collapsed trenches. 3. Air SAR is defined by Chapter 47.68.020 RCW and Chapter 468.200 Washington Administrative Code (WAC). 4. SAR can also be used at the discretion of the Franklin County Sheriff for various incidents or occurrences as deemed appropriate by the sheriff. II. POLICIES A. SAR operations are the responsibility of the local law enforcement agency that has jurisdiction based on its municipality’s defined boundaries. B. Columbia Basin Dive and Rescue (CBDR) must be requested through SECOMM / BCSO for a mission number from the Washington State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC) before/while being activated. C. The FCSO, Pasco Police & Fire, and CBDR will be notified of all SAR missions within Franklin County and its municipalities by SECOMM. III. SITUATION A. SAR Conditions and Law Enforcement Jurisdictions Emergency/Disaster Conditions and Hazards Within Franklin County, there are 4 incorporated cities in which disasters could happen. Disasters such as floods, earthquakes, and fires can create the need for SAR functions. Most SAR operations requiring the assistance of emergency management personnel in Franklin County have been water-related, usually occurring during the months of March through September. The popularity of water recreation and the numerous irrigation canals located in the county represent a continuous potential for persons to be lost or endangered during recreation or work activities. Land SAR emergencies are possible as a result of wildfires, severe weather, earthquakes, blowing dust or other disasters. There are three law enforcement agencies within Franklin County. Each of the agencies have specific areas of jurisdiction. 1. The Franklin County Sheriff’s Office has jurisdiction in the unincorporated areas of Franklin County, including the waterways in which that unincorporated land touches water. On rivers, ditches canals, like the Snake and Columbia rivers or Esquatzel Coulee, the Sheriff’s jurisdiction extends from the shore of the unincorporated land into the middle of the waterway. Additionally, the FCSO has SAR responsibility in three incorporated cities within Franklin County. These are the cities of Connell, Mesa and Kahlotus. Neither of these municipalities have police departments. Law enforcement duties defer to the FCSO in these cities. Page 250 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 9: SAR 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 9- 3 2. The City of Pasco has jurisdiction within the city limits of Pasco, including the waterways in which that incorporated land touches water. On major rivers, like the Snake and Columbia rivers, the Pasco Police Departments jurisdiction extends from the shore of the incorporated land into the waterway. In the case of the Columbia and Snake rivers, the jurisdiction extends from the incorporated shore into the middle of the river channel. 3. The City of Connell has jurisdiction within the city limits of Connell, including the waterways in which that incorporated land touches water. On rivers, canals or coulees, the Connell Police Department’s jurisdiction extends from the shores of the incorporated land. FCSO will be responsible for SAR missions involving the City of Connell. The Connell Police Department will augment the FCSO SAR response with available city resources. B. Planning Assumptions 1. Some SAR missions may start out as a normal/routine response to an emergency. Incident command could have been established by an agency not having SAR authority. In these situations, once determined that the event has transitioned into a SAR mission, command will be transferred to the appropriate law enforcement agency. 2. SECOMM will implement their SAR procedures and notifications as soon as they determine the emergency is a SAR mission/event as defined above from RCW 38.52.010(23). 3. SAR capabilities within Franklin County can be augmented within a short time by local volunteer groups, mutual aid and other public resources. These resources will only be utilized and respond when requested by the jurisdiction having authority. 4. SAR support provided from outside the area through the Washington State Military Department’s Emergency Management Division, FEMA and other agencies would be available for deployment into Franklin County if needed. These resources will only be utilized and respond when requested by the jurisdiction having authority. IV. GENERAL CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS A. General 1. SAR operations will be the responsibility of the local law enforcement agency having jurisdiction. 2. All SAR missions will be reported to the State Duty Officer and a mission number will be obtained. Page 251 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 9: SAR 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 9- 4 3. Franklin County Emergency Management (FCEM) will: i. Administer compensation claims from emergency workers arising from SAR emergency response activities. ii. During disaster situations, the Emergency Coordination Center (ECC) will support SAR operations if requested. iii. Assist in obtaining a SAR mission number from the state duty officer. 4. If a multi-jurisdictional SAR operation occurs, the state Rescue Coordination Center (RCC) should be activated to provide coordination and support for all organizations involved. 5. The local law enforcement agencies will be responsible for their own specific SAR programs and managing their training, SAR specific volunteers, and equipment, etc. 6. The FCSO, Pasco Police & Fire, and CBDR will be notified of all SAR missions within Franklin County and its municipalities by SECOMM. B. Organization The local law enforcement agency, or their designee, is responsible for SAR operations within their jurisdictional boundaries in Franklin County. FCEM will coordinate support to SAR operations in their political subdivisions and register volunteers. Local programs also provide training and education for volunteer SAR units, as well as, for the organization and deployment of SAR resources. VII. REFERENCES See Appendix 3 of FC CEMP A. Chapter 38.52.010 RCW B. Chapter 47.68.380 RCW C. Chapter 78.12 RCW D. Chapter 118.04 Washington Administration Code (WAC) E. Chapter 468.200 WAC F. National Response Plan, October 28 2019 http://www.dhs.gov/nrp G. National Search and Rescue Plan, 2016 Attachment A – Emergency Worker Individual Registration card Attachment B – Franklin County Emergency Management Emergency Worker Registration form and background check authorization. ATTACHMENT A Page 252 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 9: SAR 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 9- 5 Emergency Worker Registration Card Individual Registration Individuals who want to make themselves available to participate in SAR missions need to register with FCEM. The reason is to insure liability coverage and eligibility to make claims for expenses that might be covered. This includes exercises as well as actual missions. The following are examples of the registrations form that is to be completed by individuals and the identification card that will be issued by FCEM as proof of an individual’s registration. EMERGENCY WORKER REGISTRATION CARD Jurisdiction: Franklin County Issue Date: Registration Number: Name (Last): (First): (Middle): Email Address: Address 1: PHOTOGRAPH Address 2: City: State: Zip Code: Driver’s License No.: Date of Birth: Blood Type: (not required) Sex (M-F): Height: Weight: Color Eyes: Color Hair: Physical Disabilities (If any): Home Telephone: Work Telephone: - In Case of Emergency - Please Notify: I certify that the information on this card is true and correct to my best knowledge and belief. Emergency Worker Signature: Date of Signature: Name: Emergency Worker Assignment (WAC-118-04-110): Telephone Number with Area Code: Authorizing Signature: Local Jurisdiction: Date of Signature: Relation to Emergency Worker: Emd-024 (7/00) (FRONT) The applicant is informed that the above information may be used to conduct a background criminal investigation. I certify by my signature above that I have been informed that a background check may be performed. Page 253 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 9: SAR 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 9- 6 EMERGENCY WORKER TRAINING RECORD COURSE HOURS DATE COMPLETED ADDITIONAL INFORMATION – REMARKS: Page 254 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 9: SAR 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 9- 7 Attachment B CERTIFICATE OF AUTHORIZATION I, ______________________________________________________________, certify that: (Print Last, First MI) 1. I am in adequate physical condition to carry out the emergency assignment given to me and that I am not subject to any medical problems or other infirmity of body or mind, except as noted on the Emergency Worker Application Card, which might render me unfit to carry out my emergency assignment. 2. I am able to speak, read, and write the English language. 3. I am not addicted to the use of intoxicating liquors or narcotics or other controlled substance. 4. I have/have not been arrested for and/or convicted of a crime. (Circle one; If yes, please explain) 5. I understand that the final determination for issuance of an Emergency Worker Identification Card will be at the discretion of the Director of Franklin County Emergency Management. 6. I have read and understand the contents of WAC 118-04-200. 7. I understand that I must possess a valid driver’s license and liability insurance to meet the state requirement if I drive to or from a mission or training event. Franklin County Emergency Management 502 Boeing Street Pasco, WA 99301 (509) 545-3546 Fax: (509) 545-2139 Page 255 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 9: SAR 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 9- 8 8. I understand that when activated for an event or training, I am a representative of Franklin County Emergency Management and as such serve all the citizens of Franklin County regardless of their age, sex, color, religious beliefs, cultural beliefs, physical or mental impairments, or political activities. I will keep my personal beliefs and feelings to myself and not let them interfere with the performance of my assigned duties. 9. I understand that any claims for reimbursements, of authorized expenses are covered under RCW 38.52 and WAC 118-04. I further understand that claims for medical expenses must be submitted within one year of the injury and claims for property damage/loss or other authorized expenses must be filed within three years from the date of occurrence. All claims must include receipts and documentation and be submitted through the Franklin County Emergency Management Director. Signed _________________________________________ Date ______________________ (applicant) Signed _________________________________________ Date ______________________ (parent or guardian of applicants under age 18) Approved this ______________________ day of ________________, _________ Xxx, Director Franklin County Emergency Management NOTE: (1) If the answer to “4” above is yes, you may request an informal meeting with the Franklin County Emergency Management Director to discuss the circumstances prior to submitting this application. (2) If you are denied an Emergency Worker Identification Card/Badge, you may appeal the decision to Franklin County Emergency Management. Page 256 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 9-a: SAR 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 9.a - 1 EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 9.a FCSO Search and Rescue Primary Agency: Franklin County Sheriff's Office Support Agencies: Connell Police Pasco Fire Department (PFD) Fire County Fire Districts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Franklin County Emergency Management (FCEM) Pasco Police Department (PPD) Benton Franklin Mounted Sheriff’s Posse Columbia Basin Dive & Rescue (CBDR) Southeast Communications (SECOMM) Benton County Sheriff’s Office (BCSO) U.S. Civil Air Patrol U.S. Coast Guard (USCG) Washington State Department of Transportation Washington State Military Department I. INTRODUCTION A. Purpose To provide guidelines for the effective utilization of search and rescue resources and for the coordination of search and rescue efforts within the City of Connell and the unincorporated areas within Franklin County in accordance with RCW 38.52.010(23). II. POLICIES A. Land SAR operations are coordinated and directed by the Franklin County Sheriff in accordance with state and local jurisdiction plans. However, one political subdivision may not be able to provide the necessary equipment or sufficient numbers of trained personnel to successfully carry out a SAR mission. Local Mutual Aid resources will be the primary support mechanism for additional resources. These resources will only be utilized and respond when requested by the FCSO. Requests beyond local capability/availability will be coordinated by Washington State Military Department, Emergency Management Division (WAEMD)/State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC). These resources will only be utilized and respond when requested by the FCSO. B. The Incident Command System (ICS) is the preferred method of on-scene incident management for SAR operations within the state. In accordance with Page 257 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 9-a: SAR 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 9.a - 2 RCW 38.52.400(1), ICS shall be used for multi-agency/multi-jurisdiction SAR operations. C. Land SAR will be the responsibility of the FCSO within the unincorporated areas of Franklin County. (See RCW 38.52.400(1)) D. Urban SAR will be the responsibility of FCSO within the unincorporated areas of Franklin County. FEMA defines USAR as involving the location, rescue (extrication), and Initial medical stabilization of individuals trapped in confined spaces. Structural Collapse is most often the cause for people being trapped, but individuals may also be trapped in transportation accidents, mines, and collapsed trenches. E. Air SAR, for missing or downed civil aircraft is the responsibility of the State Department of Transportation, which may involve the local Civil Air Patrol. III. SITUATION A. Emergency/Disaster Conditions and Hazards In the unincorporated portions of Franklin County, disasters such as floods, earthquakes, and fires can create the need for SAR functions. Most SAR operations requiring the assistance of emergency personnel in Franklin County have been water-related or lost/missing person situations. The popularity of outdoor, water recreation and the numerous irrigation canals located in the county represent a continuous potential for persons to be lost or endangered during recreation or work activities. Land SAR emergencies are possible as a result of wildfires, severe weather, earthquakes, blowing dust or other disasters. IV. CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS A. General 1. SAR operations will be the responsibility of the Franklin County Sheriff's Office within the unincorporated areas of Franklin County where the search is being conducted. During disaster situations, the Emergency Coordination Center (ECC) will support SAR operations as requested by FCSO. 2. Franklin County Emergency Management (FCEM) will administer compensation claims from emergency workers arising from SAR emergency response activities. 3. Columbia Basin Dive and Rescue (CBDR), a volunteer organization, is the principal response resource for water SAR operations within the unincorporated areas of Franklin County. CBDR is located in Benton Page 258 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 9-a: SAR 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 9.a - 3 County and the BCSO/SECOMM must be asked to initiate a mission number from the SEOC before they can be utilized. These resources will only be utilized and respond when requested by the FCSO and authorized through the SEOC mission number. 4. The Benton Franklin Mounted Sheriff’s Posse, a volunteer organization, is the principal response resource for land SAR operations within the unincorporated areas of Franklin County. These resources will only be utilized and respond when requested by the FCSO. 5. If a multi-jurisdictional SAR operation occurs, the state Rescue Coordination Center (RCC) may be activated to provide coordination and support for all organizations involved. 6. Fire departments and fire districts are trained in light rescue techniques for land-based SAR operations. Some personnel have specialized knowledge in rope rescue and confined space rescue. These resources will only be utilized and respond when requested by the FCSO in the unincorporated areas of Franklin County. 7. Once the Franklin County Sheriff requests a mission number from the WAEMD/SEOC Duty Officer (DO) either directly or via FCEM, the Sheriff must keep WAEMD/SEOC DO and FCEM advised of progress until the mission is terminated with the state. C. Procedures 1. The SAR Incident Commander will request a SAR mission number from Washington State Emergency Operations Center Duty Officer before beginning a rescue mission. The issuance of this mission number authorizes the employment of volunteers under the provisions and protection of RCW 38.52. It will be coordinated through SECOMM if CBDR is required. 2. The SAR Coordinator will maintain the organization at the direction of the Sheriff to develop or seek training for each member. 3. SAR training events require mission numbers to be covered under the protection of RCW 38.52. 4. The Franklin County SAR Coordinator keeps record of SAR missions and training missions with copies at the Sheriff’s office and the Washington State EMD. 5. FCSO response will be in accordance with their SOPs. 6. WAEMD/SEOC, when notified of a SAR mission by the County Sheriff or designee, will issue a state mission number. The issuance of this Page 259 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 9-a: SAR 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 9.a - 4 mission number authorizes the employment of volunteers under the provisions and protection of the Emergency Worker program Chapter 118- 04 WAC. 7. WAEMD/SEOC, upon receiving a request for assistance from an authorized official, will coordinate the resources of other political subdivisions, as well as state, out-of-state, federal, and international agencies in support of the requesting jurisdiction. The state SAR Coordinator may be deployed to the scene to provide this coordination. 8. Multi-jurisdictional SAR operations may be coordinated by WAEMD/SEOC, when requested. Major multi-jurisdictional SAR operations resulting from a natural or technological disaster may require the activation of the state Rescue Coordination Center (RCC). The state RCC may either be collocated with the SEOC or at a location in proximity to the incident site. The director of the state RCC is the state SAR Coordinator. D. Mitigation Activities SAR is largely a response function. Because some SAR events in Franklin County are water-based, education of the public in water safety and survival can help reduce the number of water rescue emergencies. FCSO should identify hazards and risks in their jurisdiction; actions to reduce the likelihood of these events occurring, and/or reducing the impact if they were to occur can then be identified and implemented. Law enforcement can also implement safety and SAR prevention programs, so that citizens are better prepared. E. Preparedness Activities Preparedness activities for SAR include: 1. Identifying hazard areas (treacherous water, popular hiking areas, etc.) 2. Identifying available resources. 3. Determination of chain-of-command 4. Registration of volunteers 5. Development of SAR plans 6. Conducting drills/exercises to test the performance of SAR response F. Response Activities 1. The SAR emergencies that fall within the jurisdiction of the FCSO, will be coordinated by the FCSO. 2. If an emergency occurs that requires County-level SAR support, the Franklin County Sheriff is responsible for coordination of those activities within the Franklin County Emergency Coordination Center. These Page 260 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 9-a: SAR 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 9.a - 5 activities will be performed in compliance with the determined chain of command for SAR. 3. Response resources will be identified and selected based on suitability and availability for the type of search and/or rescue. These resources will only be utilized and respond when requested by the FCSO 4. SAR volunteers will be registered and documentation will reside with the FCSO SAR Coordinator and Franklin County Emergency Management. G. Recovery Activities 1. Each department, agency and individual shall maintain accurate records of the incident. They will be responsible for maintaining SAR and recovery expense records for future possible reimbursement. Financial issues such as supplies used, equipment lost or damaged, wages for hours worked including overtime, and other costs require documentation before reimbursement is issued. If emergency vehicles, communications equipment or stations are damaged, special contracts may be needed for their quick repair or replacement, and temporary or long-term arrangements may be needed. During the recovery phase, it is imperative to maintain communication and coordination with the FCEM ECC. FCSO or the Franklin County Public Information Officer (PIO) may provide public information regarding safety issues as people return to their homes and businesses. Departments, districts, and individuals involved in the emergency or disaster should participate in post event reviews and critiques, and contribute to written reports regarding observations and recommendations. 2. FCSO will assist the return of all SAR organizations and personnel to a high state of preparedness, to be able to respond to future SAR missions with available resources, when requested. 3. During the Recovery phase, it is imperative that the Incident Commander maintains communication and coordination with the ECC. V. RESPONSIBILITIES A. Primary Agency 1. Franklin County Sheriff a. The Franklin County Sheriff is responsible for all ground and water SAR operations within its jurisdiction. b. The Franklin County Sheriff will develop and maintain SAR plans and inventories of equipment and personnel; maintain records of SAR missions, and coordinate all SAR activities with other Page 261 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 9-a: SAR 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 9.a - 6 agencies and volunteer organizations. c. Operate SAR activities in accordance with state and local operations plans. d. Notify WAEMD/SEOC and obtain a state mission number. At the request of the sheriff, FCEM or SECOMM may notify WAEMD/SEOC and obtain a mission number on their behalf. If CBDR is utilized, the request MUST go through SECOMM. e. After an operation is completed verify with FCEM that the SEOC Duty Officer has closed the mission. f. The Franklin County Sheriff will coordinate with FCEM for logistical and resources when needed. The FCSO will send any After Action Reports (AARs) to FCEM. B. Support Agencies: 1. Franklin County Emergency Management a. FCEM will coordinate with County SAR organizations to obtain resource list and determine total capabilities, determine chain of communication necessary to activate SAR for emergency response, and register SAR volunteers and issue identification card indicating emergency assignment. During emergencies, SAR personnel will perform functions in which they are qualified. b. When requested, notify WAEMD/SEOC and obtain a state mission number for the sheriff’s office. This number is necessary for liability coverage and possible compensation but must be obtained before volunteers are utilized in a SAR operation. c. Register volunteers and emergency workers and keep a database of these resources. d. Coordinate any requests for state, federal or out of county SAR resources that are requested/needed or are being used. e. Provide WAEMD/SEOC with periodic status reports. f. Assist emergency workers with submission of any claims that might be appropriate. g. Provide Public Information Support if needed/requested. Page 262 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 9-a: SAR 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 9.a - 7 h. Make final reports to WAEMD/SEOC to closeout missions. i. Review and revise this ESF, if needed, after any major SAR operation or at least every five years. VI. RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS Resources and operational training/certifications required for SAR activity are those maintained by law enforcement agencies, support agencies and the volunteer response organizations. VII. REFERENCES See ESF 9 VIII. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS See Appendix 4 Page 263 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 9-b: SAR 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 9.a - 1 EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 9.b Pasco Search and Rescue Primary Agency: Pasco Police Department Support Agencies: Connell Police Pasco Fire Department (PFD) Fire County Fire Districts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Franklin County Emergency Management (FCEM) Franklin County Sheriff’s Office (FCSO) Benton Franklin Mounted Sheriff’s Posse Columbia Basin Dive & Rescue (CBDR) Southeast Communications (SECOMM) Benton County Sheriff’s Office (BCSO) U.S. Civil Air Patrol U.S. Coast Guard (USCG) Washington State Department of Transportation Washington State Military Department I. INTRODUCTION A. Purpose To provide guidelines for the effective utilization of search and rescue resources and for the coordination of search and rescue efforts within the City of Pasco in accordance with RCW 38.52.010(23). II. POLICIES A. Land SAR operations are coordinated and directed by the Pasco Police Department (PPD) in accordance with state and local jurisdiction plans. However, one political subdivision may not be able to provide the necessary equipment or sufficient numbers of trained personnel to successfully carry out a SAR mission. Local Mutual Aid resources will be the primary support mechanism for additional resources. These resources will only be utilized and respond when requested by the PPD. Requests beyond local capability/availability will be coordinated by Washington State Military Department, Emergency Management Division (WAEMD)/State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC). These resources will only be utilized and respond when requested by the PPD. B. The Incident Command System (ICS) is the preferred method of on-scene incident management for SAR operations within the state. In accordance with RCW 38.52.400 (1), ICS shall be used for multi-agency/multi-jurisdiction SAR operations. Page 264 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 9-b: SAR 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 9.a - 2 C. Land SAR will be the responsibility of the PPD within the incorporated areas of the City of Pasco. (See RCW 38.52.400(1)) D. Urban SAR will be the responsibility of PPD within the incorporated areas of the city of Pasco. FEMA defines USAR as involving the location, rescue (extrication), and Initial medical stabilization of individuals trapped in confined spaces. Structural Collapse is most often the cause for people being trapped, but individuals may also be trapped in transportation accidents, mines, and collapsed trenches. E. Air SAR, for missing or downed civil aircraft is the responsibility of the State Department of Transportation, which may involve the local Civil Air Patrol. III. SITUATION A. Emergency/Disaster Conditions and Hazards In the unincorporated portions of Franklin County, disasters such as floods, earthquakes, and fires can create the need for SAR functions. Most SAR operations requiring the assistance of emergency personnel in Franklin County have been water-related or lost/missing person situations. The popularity of outdoor, water recreation and the numerous irrigation canals located in the county represent a continuous potential for persons to be lost or endangered during recreation or work activities. Land SAR emergencies are possible as a result of wildfires, severe weather, earthquakes, blowing dust or other disasters. IV. CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS A. General 1. SAR operations will be the responsibility of the Pasco Police Department within the incorporated areas of the city of Pasco where the search is being conducted. During disaster situations, the Emergency Coordination Center (ECC) will support SAR operations as requested by PPD. 2. Franklin County Emergency Management (FCEM) will administer compensation claims from emergency workers arising from SAR emergency response activities. 3. Columbia Basin Dive and Rescue (CBDR), a volunteer organization, is the principal response resource for water SAR operations within the incorporated areas of the city of Pasco. CBDR is located in Benton County and the BCSO/SECOMM must be asked to initiate a mission number from the SEOC before they can be utilized. These resources will only be utilized and respond when requested by the PPD and authorized through the SEOC mission number. Page 265 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 9-b: SAR 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 9.a - 3 4. The Benton Franklin Mounted Sheriff’s Posse, a volunteer organization, is the principal response resource for land SAR operations. These resources will only be utilized and respond when requested by the PPD. 5. If a multi-jurisdictional SAR operation occurs, the state Rescue Coordination Center (RCC) may be activated to provide coordination and support for all organizations involved. 6. Fire departments and fire districts are trained in light rescue techniques for land-based SAR operations. Some personnel have specialized knowledge in rope rescue and confined space rescue. These resources will only be utilized and respond when requested and coordinated by the PPD. 7. Once the Pasco Police Department requests a mission number from the WAEMD/SEOC Duty Officer (DO) either directly or via FCEM, the PPD must keep WAEMD/SEOC DO and FCEM advised of progress until the mission is terminated with the state. C. Procedures 1. The SAR Incident Commander will request a SAR mission number from Washington State Emergency Operations Center Duty Officer before beginning a rescue mission. The issuance of this mission number authorizes the employment of volunteers under the provisions and protection of RCW 38.52. It will be coordinated by SECOMM or Franklin County Emergency Management if CBDR is required. 2. The SAR Coordinator will maintain the organization at the direction of the Sheriff to develop or seek training for each member. 3. SAR training events require mission numbers to be covered under the protection of RCW 38.52. 4. The PPD SAR Coordinator keeps record of SAR missions and training missions with copies at the Sheriff’s office and the Washington State EMD. 5. PPD response will be in accordance with their SOPs. 6. WAEMD/SEOC, when notified of a SAR mission by the PPD or designee, will issue a state mission number. The issuance of this mission number authorizes the employment of volunteers under the provisions and protection of the Emergency Worker program Chapter 118-04 WAC. 7. WAEMD/SEOC, upon receiving a request for assistance from an authorized official, will coordinate the resources of other political subdivisions, as well as state, out-of-state, federal, and international Page 266 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 9-b: SAR 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 9.a - 4 agencies in support of the requesting jurisdiction. The state SAR Coordinator may be deployed to the scene to provide this coordination. 8. Multi-jurisdictional SAR operations may be coordinated by WAEMD/SEOC, when requested. Major multi-jurisdictional SAR operations resulting from a natural or technological disaster may require the activation of the state Rescue Coordination Center (RCC). The state RCC may either be collocated with the SEOC or at a location in proximity to the incident site. The director of the state RCC is the state SAR Coordinator. D. Mitigation Activities SAR is largely a response function. Because some SAR events in the city of Pasco are water-based, education of the public in water safety and survival can help reduce the number of water rescue emergencies. PPD should identify hazards and risks in their jurisdiction; actions to reduce the likelihood of these events occurring, and/or reducing the impact if they were to occur can then be identified and implemented. Law enforcement can also implement safety and SAR prevention programs, so that citizens are better prepared. E. Preparedness Activities Preparedness activities for SAR include: 1. Identifying hazard areas (treacherous water, popular hiking areas, etc.) 2. Identifying available resources. 3. Determination of chain-of-command 4. Registration of volunteers 5. Development of SAR plans 6. Conducting drills/exercises to test the performance of SAR response F. Response Activities 1. The SAR emergencies that fall within the jurisdiction of the city of Pasco, will be coordinated by the PPD. 2. If an emergency occurs that requires County-level SAR support, the PPD is responsible for coordination of those activities within the Franklin County Emergency Coordination Center. These activities will be performed in compliance with the determined chain of command for SAR. 3. Response resources will be identified and selected based on suitability and availability for the type of search and/or rescue. These resources will only be utilized and respond when requested by the PPD Page 267 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 9-b: SAR 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 9.a - 5 4. SAR volunteers will be registered and documentation will reside with the PPD SAR Coordinator and Franklin County Emergency Management. G. Recovery Activities 1. Each department, agency and individual shall maintain accurate records of the incident. They will be responsible for maintaining SAR and recovery expense records for future possible reimbursement. Financial issues such as supplies used, equipment lost or damaged, wages for hours worked including overtime, and other costs require documentation before reimbursement is issued. If emergency vehicles, communications equipment or stations are damaged, special contracts may be needed for their quick repair or replacement, and temporary or long-term arrangements may be needed. During the recovery phase, it is imperative to maintain communication and coordination with the FCEM ECC. PPD, Pasco Public Information Officer (PIO) or the FCEM PIO may provide public information regarding safety issues as people return to their homes and businesses. Departments, districts, and individuals involved in the emergency or disaster should participate in post event reviews and critiques, and contribute to written reports regarding observations and recommendations. 2. PPD will assist the return of all SAR organizations and personnel to a high state of preparedness, to be able to respond to future SAR missions with available resources, when requested. 3. During the Recovery phase, it is imperative that the Incident Commander maintains communication and coordination with the ECC. V. RESPONSIBILITIES A. Primary Agency 1. Franklin County Sheriff a. The Pasco Police Department is responsible for all ground and water SAR operations within its jurisdiction. b. The Pasco Police Department will develop and maintain SAR plans and inventories of equipment and personnel; maintain records of SAR missions, and coordinate all SAR activities with other agencies and volunteer organizations. c. Operate SAR activities in accordance with state and local operations plans. d. Notify WAEMD/SEOC and obtain a state mission number. At the Page 268 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 9-b: SAR 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 9.a - 6 request of the sheriff, FCEM or SECOMM may notify WAEMD/SEOC and obtain a mission number on their behalf. If CBDR is utilized, the request MUST go through SECOMM. e. After an operation is completed verify with FCEM that the SEOC Duty Officer has closed the mission. f. The Pasco Police Department will coordinate with FCEM for logistical and resources when needed. The PPD will send any After Action Reports (AARs) to FCEM. B. Support Agencies: 1. Franklin County Emergency Management a. FCEM will coordinate with SAR organizations to obtain resource list and determine total capabilities, determine chain of communication necessary to activate SAR for emergency response, and register SAR volunteers and issue identification card indicating emergency assignment. During emergencies, SAR personnel will perform functions in which they are qualified. b. When requested, notify WAEMD/SEOC and obtain a state mission number for the sheriff’s office. This number is necessary for liability coverage and possible compensation but must be obtained before volunteers are utilized in a SAR operation. c. Register volunteers and emergency workers and keep a database of these resources. d. Coordinate any requests for state, federal or out of county SAR resources that are requested/needed or are being used. e. Provide WAEMD/SEOC with periodic status reports. f. Assist emergency workers with submission of any claims that might be appropriate. g. Provide Public Information Support if needed/requested. h. Make final reports to WAEMD/SEOC to closeout missions. i. Review and revise this ESF, if needed, after any major SAR operation or at least every five years. VI. RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS Page 269 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 9-b: SAR 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 9.a - 7 Resources and operational training/certifications required for SAR activity are those maintained by law enforcement agencies, support agencies and the volunteer response organizations. VII. REFERENCES See ESF 9 VIII. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS See Appendix 4 Page 270 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10 - Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -1 ESF #10 Hazardous Materials Response Preface Hazardous material incidents can occur anywhere and at any time throughout Franklin County. The volume and distribution of hazardous materials in Franklin County jurisdictions determines the likelihood of an incident. Transportation routes pose a major threat because of the volume and variety of hazardous materials transported over them. Page 271 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10 - Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -2 EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 10 APPENDICES APPENDIX DESCRIPTION Page A. Regulated Facility Types 32 B. Extremely Hazardous Facilities 33 C. Incident Command Designations 34 D. Public Safety Procedures 35 E. Evacuation Map Routes 40 F. Training Schedule 41 G. Exercise Types and Schedule 45 H. Emergency Planning and Response 48 I. Description of Emergency Equipment and Facilities 51 J. Minimum Plan Requirements Locations 56 K. Petroleum Crude Oil Response Reference 57 L. Promulgation 62 Page 272 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10 - Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -3 EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 10A HAZARDOUS MATERIALS Primary Agencies - Designated on the basis of who has the most authorities, resources, capabilities or expertise relative to accomplishment of the specific Emergency Support Function (ESF): Franklin County Fire Departments and Districts Washington State Patrol Washington State Department of Ecology Southeast Washington Special Operations Group (SEWSOG) Hazardous Materials Response Team (Benton, Franklin, Walla Walla and Yakima Counties) Support Agencies - Designated to assist a specific primary or joint primary agency with available resources, capabilities or expertise in support of Emergency Support Function (ESF) activities: Franklin County Emergency Management Regulated Facilities within Franklin County Law Enforcement Agencies Benton-Franklin Health District Framatome Nuclear Fuels US Department of Energy South East Communications (SECOMM – Emergency Dispatch) Public Works/Engineering Departments Ben Franklin Transit Pasco School District American Red Cross County Commissioners/Mayors/City Councils Emergency Medical Services Local Emergency Planning Committee/facilities (LEPC) Washington State Department of Transportation Washington Military Department, Emergency Management US Coast Guard US Environmental Protection Agency I. INTRODUCTION Overall responsibility for the implementation of emergency management activities, as defined in this ESF, rests with elected or appointed government officials, i.e., County Commissioners, and mayors/councils of the 4 cities and county; and governing bodies of those jurisdictions with responsibilities during an emergency or disaster. A. Purpose Page 273 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10 - Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -4 1. Provides guidance for hazardous materials incident planning, notification and response as required by SARA Title III of 1986, also known as the Emergency Planning & Community Right-to-Know Act, hereafter referred to as EPCRA. Specifically, it: a. establishes the policies and procedures under which Franklin County will operate in the event of a hazardous materials incident, oil spill, or other release; b. prepares Franklin County and its political subdivisions for incident response and minimizes the exposure to or damage from materials that could adversely impact human health and safety or the environment; and, c. outlines the roles, responsibilities, procedures and organizational relationships of government agencies and private entities when responding to and recovering from a hazardous materials event. B. Scope 1. Emergency Support Functions are the strategic planning annexes to the CEMP. The ESF 10 provides for a coordinated response to actual or potential discharges and/or releases of hazardous materials within Franklin County. 2. Planning for every hazardous material contingency is beyond the scope of this ESF. This ESF provides broad objectives that will provide the greatest protection of life and health, the environment and property. C. Local Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC) 1. Washington Administrative Code 118-40-50 Emergency Planning Districts - Designations. a. The chief elected official of the local emergency planning district shall appoint the local emergency planning committee. b. Cities and towns that do not have active emergency management organizations as required by chapter 38.52 RCW are considered part of the county planning district in which they are located for the purposes of EPCRA emergency response planning. c. Any town, city or political jurisdiction identified in RCW 38.52.070 may petition the state emergency response commission to be designated as a local emergency planning district. Prior to the approval of such designation the proposed local emergency planning district must have selected the membership of the proposed local emergency planning committee and be in full compliance with the requirements of EPCRA. d. Any local emergency planning district and the respective local emergency planning committee existing prior to the effective date of this rule change shall be recognized. Page 274 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10 - Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -5 2. Washington Administrative Code 118-40-160 Local emergency planning committee — Organization membership. a. Each local committee shall include, at a minimum, representation from each of the following groups or types of organizations as specified by Section 301(c) of EPCRA: 1) State and local officials. 2) Law enforcement. 3) Emergency management. 4) Firefighting. 5) Emergency Medical Services 6) Health profession. 7) Local environmental. 8) Hospital. 9) Transportation personnel. 10) Broadcast and print media 11) Community groups. b. Owners and operators of facilities subject to the requirements of Section 302(b) of EPCRA. c. Each local emergency planning committee shall appoint a chairperson and establish rules by which the committee shall operate. d. Committee rules shall include provisions for public notification of committee activities, public meetings to discuss the emergency plan, public comments, response to such comments by the committee, and distribution of emergency response plans to the general public. e. Each local emergency planning committee shall submit annually, to the state emergency response commission, a list of their membership and the organizations they represent. 3. Washington Administrative Code 118-40-170 Local emergency planning committee — Responsibilities. a. Each local emergency planning committee shall complete the preparation of a hazardous materials emergency response plan. In the development of the plan, as specified by Sections 303 (a), (b), (c) and 324 (a), (b), EPCRA, committee duties include, but are not limited to: 1) Forming a local planning team. 2) Designating a team leader. 3) Evaluating the resources needed to develop, implement, and exercise the emergency plan. 4) Identifying existing emergency response equipment and personnel. 5) Conducting a needs assessment of emergency response equipment and personnel requirements. 6) Providing oversight for preparation of the plan by the local planning team. b. Each local committee shall establish procedures for receiving and processing requests from the general public for information under Section 324 (including Tier II information under Section 312) EPCRA. Such procedures shall include the designation of an official to serve as committee coordinator for all information requests. PUBLIC Page 275 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10 - Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -6 RECORDS REQUEST FORM RCW CHAPTER 42.56 PUBLIC RECORDS ACT. 4. Washington Administrative Code 118-40-180 Hazardous material emergency response plan - Content, guidelines, evaluation process. a. Each local emergency planning committee shall complete a hazardous materials emergency response plan as required by Section 303 (a), (b), (c), EPCRA. b. The local emergency planning committee shall submit an electronic copy of the completed plan to: Washington State Emergency Response Commission, Washington Military Department Emergency Management Division. c. At a minimum, the plan shall include the requirements of EPCRA, the standards of the NRT-1 guidelines, and the concepts of the Washington state comprehensive emergency management plan as it is written. d. Upon receipt of a local emergency planning committee hazardous material emergency response plan, the state emergency response commission shall: 1) Send a letter to the local emergency planning committee formally acknowledging the receipt of the plan and informing them of the review process. 2) Copies of the plan will then be reviewed for comment within ninety days of receipt as required by EPCRA. 3) Upon completion of this review the state emergency response Commission shall, as appropriate, send a letter to the submitting local emergency planning committee acknowledging receipt and providing reviewer's comments as appropriate in meeting the intent of EPCRA. 5. The local emergency planning committees shall review and update, as appropriate, their plans annually. Changes to the plan shall be submitted to the state emergency response commission. If there are no changes to the local plan, the local emergency planning committee shall provide written notification to the state emergency response commission within thirty days of the review's completion. D. USC Title 42 Chapter 116 (EPCRA) Subchapter I Section 11003(c) requires emergency planning to include (but is not limited to) each of the following: a. Identification of facilities subject to the requirements of this subchapter that are within the emergency planning district, identification of routes likely to be used for the transportation of substances on the list of extremely hazardous substances referred to in section 11002(a) of this title, and identification of additional facilities contributing or subjected to additional risk due to their proximity to facilities subject to the requirements of this subchapter, such as hospitals or natural gas facilities (Reference: Appendix A – REGULATED FACILITIES) b. Methods and procedures to be followed by facility owners and operators and local emergency and medical personnel to respond to Page 276 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10 - Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -7 any release of such substances. Each facility and agency is responsible for creating and following their specific plans, procedures and standard operating guides as they pertain to the EPCRA requirements. II. POLICIES 1. The State Department of Ecology (ECY) has overall responsibility for 24- hour environmental pollution prevention, preparedness, and response within the state of Washington as identified in the 2014 Northwest Contingency Plan - https://rrt10nwac.com/NWACP/Default.aspx . 2. The emergency field response to incidents of hazardous materials spills and releases is the responsibility of the fire services. The Washington State Patrol is Incident Command for hazardous materials incidents in the entire county, not just on state highways, unless a fire agency having authority has specifically notified the WSP that they will assume Incident Command Authority in their jurisdiction. III. Authorities Local Interlocal Cooperation Agreement - Emergency Management Organization Interlocal Agreement, 11/2012 State statutes and regulations • RCW 38.52.070 - Local organizations and joint local organizations authorized - Establishment, operation - Emergency powers, procedures. • Chapter 70.136 RCW - Hazardous materials incidents. • RCW 70.136.030 - Incident command agencies - Designation by political subdivisions. • RCW 90.56.020 – Director responsible for spill response (Department of Ecology). • Chapter 118-40 WAC - Hazardous chemical emergency response planning and community right-to-know reporting. • Chapter 296-824-30005 WAC - Train your employees. • Chapter 296-824 WAC - Emergency response. Federal statutes and regulations • 40 CFR Part 355 - Emergency Planning and Notification • 40 CFR Part 370 - Hazardous Chemical Report: Community Right-to-Know • U.S. Code: Title 42, Chapter 116, Section 11003a-g - Comprehensive Emergency Response Plans • Comprehensive Preparedness Guide (CPG) 101 March, 2009. • National Response Framework – March, 2008 • 29 CFR 1910.120 - Hazardous waste operations and emergency response. IV. SITUATION Page 277 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10 - Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -8 A. Emergency/Disaster Conditions and Hazards See Franklin County Hazard Identification and Vulnerability Assessment, Appendix 7 in the Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP) Franklin County has a number of facilities that use, store or transport extremely hazardous substances and are regulated facilities subject to EPCRA within the LEPC planning district of Franklin County. These facilities/industries are listed in Appendix B of this document. Even though Franklin County has a large number of hazardous materials facilities, in general, the county doesn’t have robust HAZMAT response capability. The predominant response capability for fire agencies in Franklin County are focused on wild land fire response, with the exception of the city of Pasco and Fire Protection District #3. While companies from neighboring jurisdictions are not subject to reporting their inventory to Franklin County, a release or spill may impact your community, transportation corridors and/or waterways. 1. Fire Departments/Districts in Franklin County have the primary response function for hazardous materials. Those jurisdiction(s) not belonging to the SEWSOG have designated the Washington State Patrol as their IC for HAZMAT response. Fire Districts 1, 2, 4 and 5 have WSP designated as their IC for HAZMAT response in Franklin County facilities (Reference: Appendix C – INCIDENT COMMAND AGENCY). The majority of Franklin County has minimal to no HAZMAT response capabilities beyond basic awareness level training - see Appendix F. 2. For the most part, Franklin County has a minimal HAZMAT response capability. Only the city of Pasco and Fire District #3 are members of the SEWSOG, and their capability is moderate to average. The entire rest of the county relies on the Washington State Patrol to respond as IC and at an awareness level response only. Any response above and beyond the awareness level will require contractual service from a private entity/agency for response. The SEWSOG Team may respond if requested, but it will be at a contractual fee. Franklin County has robust Memorandums of Understanding for general fire response/EMS/etc. but they exclude HAZMAT response. 3. Hazardous materials are commonly stored, used, transported and manufactured in Franklin County. Transportation of hazardous materials through Franklin County creates a potential for emergencies affecting populated areas. Hazardous materials transported through populated areas by road, rail, and water create the most significant hazard due to their frequency and quantity. Franklin County is an agriculturally focused county. Large quantities of fuel (by rail, barge and vehicle) are transported daily. Large quantities of anhydrous ammonia are utilized at our food processing facilities. A myriad of other hazardous materials are utilized Page 278 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10 - Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -9 for various other needs/uses. 4. The DOE-Hanford and the Columbia Generating Station plans are addressed separately as stand-alone plans to the Franklin County CEMP (https://franklinem.org/fcem-plans-documents/ ) 5. Franklin County has six main corridors that are regularly utilized for the transportation of hazardous materials. Additionally, these same corridors can be utilized for evacuation depending on each unique situation: a.) Highway 395/397 that runs north to south b.) Glade North Road that runs north to south c.) Highway 17 that runs north to south d.) Highway 182 that runs east to west e.) Columbia River f.) Snake River See Appendix E for a map depicting these routes B. Planning Assumptions An accidental release of hazardous materials could pose a threat to the local population or environment. • Fixed facilities (chemical plants, tank farms, laboratories, and industries operating hazardous waste sites which produce, generate, use, store, or dispose of hazardous materials) could be damaged so that existing spill control apparatus and containment measures need initial response support and help. • Hazardous materials that are transported may be involved in railroad accidents, highway collisions, or airline incidents. • Damage to, or rupture of, pipelines, transporting materials that are hazardous if improperly released will present serious problems. • Emergency exemptions may be needed for disposal of contaminated material. All cleanup and disposal operations will be coordinated, paid for ad managed by the responsible party. • A hazardous materials incident may be caused by or occur during another emergency, such as flooding, a major fire or earthquake. A major transportation hazardous materials incident may require the evacuation of citizens from any location in Franklin County along these main arterials: a.) Highway 395/397 that runs north to south b.) Glade North Road that runs north to south c.) Taylor Flats Road that runs north to south d.) Pasco-Kahlotus highway that runs north to south e.) State Route 170 that runs east to west f.) Highway 182 that runs east to west g.) Eltopia West Road that runs east to west h.) State Route 260 i.) Highway 17 that runs north to south j.) Columbia River Page 279 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10 - Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -10 k.) Snake River The length of time available to determine the scope and magnitude of a hazardous materials incident will impact protective action recommendations. As will the response capability of the fire agency in the affected area. Wind shifts and other changes in weather conditions during the course of an incident may necessitate changes in protective action recommendations. If an evacuation is recommended because of the hazardous materials incident, 80 percent of the population in an affected area will typically relocate voluntarily when advised to do so by local authorities. Some residents will leave by routes other than those designated by emergency personnel as evacuation routes. Some residents of unaffected areas may also evacuate spontaneously. People who evacuate may require shelter in a mass care facility. Residents with access and functional needs may require assistance when evacuating. Hazardous materials could possibly enter water or sewer systems and necessitate the shutdown of those systems. C. Limitations 1. This plan does not imply, nor should it infer or guarantee a perfect response will be practical or possible. No plan can shield individuals from all events. As government assets and systems may be overwhelmed, jurisdictions can only try to make every reasonable effort to respond based on the situation, information and resources available at the time of the event. 2. Responders will attempt to coordinate the plan and response according to Federal and State standards/requirements. 3. Every reasonable effort will be made to respond to emergencies, events or disasters; however, personnel and resources may be overwhelmed. 4. There may be little to no warning during specific events to implement operational procedures. 5. Successful implementation of this plan depends on timely identification of capabilities and available resources at the time of the incident and a thorough information exchange between responding organizations and the facility or transporter. 6. Each agency, facility and jurisdiction will respond within the limits of their training, capabilities and qualifications. 7. This plan does not imply, infer or guarantee a perfect response will be practical or even possible. No plan can shield individuals from impacts of an event/emergency. Page 280 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10 - Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -11 8. Responders will attempt to coordinate the plan and response according to standards, procedures, laws and their training. 9. Each agency and jurisdiction will respond within the limits of their training, capabilities and qualifications. 10. There may be little to no warning during an event/emergency to implement operational procedures, protocols and standards. 11. Successful implementation of any plan depends on timely identification of capabilities and available resources at the time of the incident and a thorough information exchange between responding organizations. 12. This plan does not cover the DOE-Hanford or Columbia Generating Station plans. They are addressed separately as standalone plans to the Franklin County CEMP. (http://www.franklinem.org/fcem-plans-documents/pdf ). IV. CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS A. General 1. Washington State Patrol (WSP) is the designated Incident Command Agency for hazardous materials incidents on state and interstate highways, and in those jurisdictions where this role has been delegated to the WSP by the jurisdiction (Reference: Appendix C – INCIDENT COMMAND AGENCY). 2. When an incident occurs on a highway or in designated jurisdictions, the WSP will establish a unified command system with fire departments, emergency medical services, and other state and federal agencies. 3. The State Department of Ecology has overall responsibility for 24-hour environmental pollution prevention, preparedness and response within the State of Washington. 4. The Office of Emergency Management is the designated “community emergency coordinator”. 5. The responsible party having a HAZMAT Emergency will immediately have their facility emergency coordinator contact: a. SECOMM Emergency Dispatch: 9-1-1 b. Washington State Duty Officer: 1.800.258.5990 c. Emergency Management: i. 509.545.3546 Office ii. 509.492.1373 Director Page 281 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10 - Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -12 iii. 509.628.0333 24-hr Dispatch d. Local Fire Agency in their jurisdiction 6. The Franklin County Local Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC) will assist in preparing and reviewing hazardous material response plans and procedures. The authorized representative of the regulated facilities and transportation companies involved in an actual or suspected release of a hazardous material will promptly notify the South East Communications (SECOMM) Dispatch Center and/or appropriate response agency(s) of the incident. They will also make recommendations to the responding agencies on how to contain the release and protect the public and environment. 7. Agencies responding to the release will do so only to the extent of their personnel’s training and qualification, available resources and capabilities. The Incident Commander will request the assistance of regional, mutual aid partners when the size and scope of the hazardous materials incident exceeds the response capabilities of the primary response agency. 8. The first priority of the Incident Commander will be to determine the appropriate protective action for the public, disseminate such recommendations, and implement them. This should be done through the Franklin County Emergency Coordination Center, if it is activated/open. Incident Command will coordinate with the ECC Emergency Manager for activation of any of the alerting systems. 9. Agencies responding to the release will assist with the identification of the party responsible for the hazardous materials incident through the collection and reporting of relevant information related to their response activities. Incident-related information should be reported to the Incident Commander. B. Direction and Control Franklin County has adopted NIMS/ICS standards for response and any response will incorporate the NIMS/ICS principles and structure in accordance with RCW 70.136.030 and designate Incident Command. JURISDICTION INCIDENT COMMAND AGENCY DESIGNATION DATE Franklin County FPD#1 Washington State Patrol 03/02/2010 Franklin County FPD#2 Washington State Patrol 03/02/2010 Franklin County FPD#3 Franklin County FPD#3 12/19/2000 Franklin County FPD#4 Washington State Patrol 03/02/2010 Franklin County FPD#5 Washington State Patrol 03/02/2010 City of Connell (FPD #1) Washington State Patrol 03/02/2010 City of Kahlotus (FPD #2) Washington State Patrol 03/02/2010 Page 282 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10 - Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -13 Mesa (FPD #1)) Washington State Patrol 03/02/2010 Pasco Pasco Fire Department 12/19/2000 Port of Pasco Pasco Fire Department 02/01/1988 Unincorporated Area Washington State Patrol 03/02/2010 1. Fire Departments/Districts The local fire department or district will act as the lead agency for a hazardous material response unless otherwise designated to the Washington State Patrol – See Appendix C. They may opt to institute unified command with the responsible party/agency. 2. The Southeast Washington Special Operations Group (SEWSOG) Hazardous Materials Response Team The SEWSOG responds within the boundaries of Pasco and Franklin District 3, they may be called by the other entities in Franklin County, but will be charged for services. The team has a Board of Directors comprised of representatives from the four counties’ fire department/districts (Richland, Kennewick, Pasco, Benton County Fire Protection District #1, Benton County Fire Protection District #2, the City of Walla Walla Fire Department, Walla Walla County Fire Protection Districts #4 and #5 and the City of Yakima Fire Department. The team’s host department (for administrative control) is Benton County Fire District #1. The team maintains its own agreement and bylaws. In incident situations, the team works under the direction of the jurisdiction in which the incident occurred. SEWSOG response assets and personnel are spread across the four counties (Benton, Franklin, Walla Walla and Yakima). This will allow for “Assessment Teams/Equipment/Vehicles” to be located across the four counties for an expeditious deployment and arrival on scene. If more assets are required, they will be sent from their location with the four counties. SEWSOG operates using an assessment concept which includes the nearest assessment company being dispatched to the incident to conduct a incident assessment and provide technical assistance to the Incident or Unified Commander in determining a mitigation strategy. 3. Washington State Patrol Per RCW 70.136, the Washington State Patrol has jurisdiction of all hazardous materials responses/releases in Washington State, unless by mutual agreement, that role has been assumed by another designated incident command agency. WSP will institute Unified Command at the scene of a HAZMAT incident. WSP will provide support for those Page 283 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10 - Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -14 political subdivisions that are lacking sufficient response capabilities. (Reference: Appendix C – INCIDENT COMMAND AGENCY). WSP will not: a. assume operational control of authorized emergency response agencies, unless they are serving as the on-scene HazMat Incident Commander; b. provide personnel for HAZMAT entry teams; c. be responsible for cleanup costs; d. be responsible for expenses incurred by responding emergency agencies. 4. Lourdes Health Network Lourdes Hospital, in Franklin County, has the capability to decontaminate individuals. On larger scale releases, the Benton-Franklin Counties Mass Casualty Incident Plan and Disaster Medical Control Center plans will be enacted. 5. The Washington State Department of Ecology a. The State Department of Ecology has overall responsibility for 24- hour environmental pollution prevention, preparedness and response within the state of Washington. b. Ecology acts as the pre-designated state incident agency for incidents that occur on marine and fresh water and inland spills where the Washington State Patrol (WSP) or local On-Scene Commander has curtailed emergency response operations. c. Ecology will act as the lead agency for spill containment, clean up, and natural resources damage assessment activities, including marine/fresh water spills. Refer to the Northwest Area Contingency Plan (NWACP), for more information on spill preparedness and response. The NWACP is a joint agreement between the U.S. Coast Guard, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and the states of Oregon, Idaho and Washington. 6. Franklin County Emergency Management Emergency Management will be a repository for Tier II reports in Franklin County, they will additionally keep records/files of incidents that are reported to the agency. Emergency Management will coordinate with the lead jurisdictions Incident Commander or the Washington State Patrol in the event of a hazardous materials incident through the Emergency Coordination Center when requested by the Incident Commander. Public Information duties are the responsibility of the Incident Page 284 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10 - Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -15 Commander to delegate. FCEM has the ability to utilize the Emergency Alert System and Code Red Electronic Telephone Notification System to disseminate emergency public information. C. Release Identification The recognized methods and procedures responders will use to identify the release of hazardous materials vary by training and qualification. First responders will limit their actions to identify the occurrence of a release to those protocols specified for the hazardous materials response qualification level to which they are trained and currently qualified. Responders will follow their protocols per their specific level of training. Releases of hazardous materials in transit will most likely be observed by the transport agent, citizens and/or responders. The methods and procedures used to determine a release occurred will also vary by the qualification of the responder and the resources available to the transport agent. The recognized methods and procedures facilities use for determining a release occurred are air sampling/monitoring systems, visual inspections and environmental conditions. The recognized methods and procedures Franklin County responders will use to identify the release of hazardous materials vary by training and qualification. First responders will limit their actions to identify the occurrence of a release to those protocols specified for the hazardous materials response qualification level to which they are trained and currently qualified and outlined in their agency’s emergency response plan per WAC 296-824-20005 • Responders trained to the awareness level are likely to witness or discover a hazardous substance release; are trained to initiate an emergency response by notifying the proper authorities of the release and take no further action beyond notifying the authorities. • Responders trained to the operational level will respond to actual or potential releases in order to protect nearby persons, property, and/or the environment from the effects of the release. They are trained to respond defensively, without trying to stop the release and may try to confine the release from a safe distance, keep it from spreading and/or protect other from hazard exposures. • Responders trained to the technician level will respond with the intent of stopping the release and are trained to approach the point of release offensively in order to either plug, patch or stop the release using other methods. D. Notification Page 285 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10 - Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -16 Three methods of warning may be used in Franklin County: The Emergency Alert System, the CodeRED system and Route Alerting. a. The Emergency Alert System is the primary warning method in Franklin County. It can be activated by authorized officials in each jurisdiction, according to procedures contained in the Columbia Basin EAS Operational Area Plan. This system relies on all Radio and Television stations in the area to monitor the Common Program Control Station (KONA) and re-broadcast any emergency messages immediately. The Emergency Alert System results in wide-area alerting of up to four counties. b. The CodeRED system is a geo-spatial web based electronic notification system that utilizes residents home/cell phone number to send an emergency/warning message to residents that have signed up for the free-to-residents service. c. Route alerting may be used in addition to an Emergency Alert System message. Route alerting includes the use of loud speakers or public address systems on emergency vehicles or door-to-door canvassing of an area to ensure that residents have received the warning. In fast-breaking situations when protective actions must be taken immediately, route alerting would be the most expeditious method to warn the public. However, the ability to conduct route alerting would be limited if the safety of emergency workers is in question. Route Alerting is the most time-consuming of the methods available, but can be concentrated in a smaller area. E. Emergency Response 1. General Response a. Identify the type or types of materials involved, and the scope of the incident as quickly as possible. Identification may be provided by the responsible party or by reading a placard(s) and references such as North American Response Guidebook, ChemTrec and CAMEO/ALOHA. b. Protective actions will be decided upon by the Incident Commander or, after an emergency has been declared, by the Emergency Chairman in the Emergency Coordination Center. Decisions made to avoid or minimize exposure to hazardous materials will be based on many factors including: 1. Type and quantity of material 2. Duration of a release Page 286 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10 - Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -17 3. Projected time that a release is expected if it has not already occurred. 4. Meteorological conditions 5. Characteristics of the population that may be affected 6. Most likely exposure pathway, i.e. direct exposure through inhalation or contact with the material, or contamination of water and food supplies c. There are two basic protective actions that may be taken. The appropriate action will be determined in conjunction with the 1. Shelter in place - the public would be instructed to stay indoors with all windows and vents closed to prevent any outside air from entering the structure. 2. Evacuation - the public would be instructed to leave a designated area. d. Additionally, there are secondary controls that can be used for further protection. 1. Access Control - prevent the public from entering a designated area. 2. Ingestion protection - prevent the public and animals from consuming contaminated foods or water. e. Once the hazards of the site have been identified, the appropriate personal protective equipment shall be selected that provides a level of protection at or below permissible exposure limits. f. Law enforcement will be in charge of route alerting and/or evacuation and will determine the appropriate evacuation routes and access control points. g. The Incident Commander is responsible to ensure the safety of all emergency workers and will appoint a safety officer to carry out this responsibility. If the Incident Commander chooses not to appoint a Safety Officer, he/she assumes that role for the duration of the incident. h. As outlined in Title 29 CFR 1910.120, all suspected conditions that may pose inhalation or skin absorption hazards that are immediately dangerous to life, health, or other conditions that may cause health or serious harm, shall be identified during the preliminary survey. Page 287 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10 - Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -18 i. Additional information in the form of news releases and briefings will be released by the on-scene Public Information Officer. After activation of the Emergency Coordination Center, information will be coordinated with the on-scene Public Information Officer and released by the Emergency Coordination Center Public Information Officer. j. The designated hazardous materials Incident Commander will assume operational control, make necessary decisions and initiate warnings to protect the health and safety of the public near the scene, and emergency workers on the scene. Within Franklin County, if the local jurisdiction does not designate an Incident Command Agency, the Washington State Patrol assumes Incident Command for the jurisdiction (RCW 70.136.030). The WSP and local fire agency may opt to implement Unified Command. Incident Command responsibility by jurisdiction is as follows: JURISDICTION INCIDENT COMMAND AGENCY DESIGNATION DATE Franklin County FPD#1 Washington State Patrol 03/02/2010 Franklin County FPD#2 Washington State Patrol 03/02/2010 Franklin County FPD#3 Franklin County FPD#3 12/19/2000 Franklin County FPD#4 Washington State Patrol 03/02/2010 Franklin County FPD#5 Washington State Patrol 03/02/2010 City of Connell (FPD #1) Washington State Patrol 03/02/2010 City of Kahlotus (FPD #2) Washington State Patrol 03/02/2010 Mesa (FPD #1)) Washington State Patrol 03/02/2010 Pasco Pasco Fire Department 12/19/2000 Port of Pasco Pasco Fire Department 02/01/1988 Unincorporated Area Washington State Patrol 03/02/2010 (Reference: Appendix C – INCIDENT COMMAND AGENCY). k. Response levels categorize hazardous materials incidents by the severity of the threat to public health or the environment. The severity of an incident is dependent on the amount of material spilled, the location, the toxicity of the material, and potential for exposure. Three levels of emergencies are defined by increasing severity, as follows: Page 288 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10 - Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -19 2. Washington State Department of Ecology a. Act as the State On-Scene Commander (OSC) for state oil and hazardous material spills, except on the highways or where the local jurisdiction or WSP is designated IC. b. Provide 24-hour response to hazardous material, oil spill, or other release incidents. c. Make emergency notifications. d. Determine the source and course of the incident. e. Identify the responsible party for a hazardous material, oil spill, or release incident. f. Assume responsibility for incident management and cleanup if the responsible party is unavailable, unresponsive, or unidentified. g. Set clean-up standards for the state. Ensures that source control, containment, cleanup, and disposal are accomplished. h. Assist in monitoring and ensuring the safety of first responders and other personnel. i. Initiate enforcement actions, as appropriate. j. Coordinate spill response with other state and federal agencies, and local jurisdictions using Unified Command (UC) and the ICS. k. Establish a Joint Information Center (JIC) with involved agencies and the responsible party to provide current and accurate information to the community. l. Activate and coordinate the activities of the Natural Resource Response Level Description I. Potential Emergency Condition An incident or threat of a release which can be controlled by the first response agencies and does not require evacuation of other than the involved structure or the immediate outdoor area. The incident is confined to a small area and does not pose an immediate threat to life or property. EAL: Elevated hazardous material concentration(s) onsite but < ERPG-2 level(s) at the site boundary. II. Limited Emergency Condition An incident involving a greater hazard or larger area which poses a potential threat to life or property and which may require a limited evacuation of the surrounding area. EAL: >ERPG-2 level offsite but is not >ERPG-3 offsite. III. Full Emergency Condition An incident involving a severe hazard or a large area which poses extreme threat to life and property and will probably require a large-scale evacuation; or an incident requiring the expertise or resources of county, state, federal or private agencies/organizations. EAL: ERPG-3 exceeded offsite. Page 289 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10 - Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -20 Damage Assessment (NRDA) team. m. Participate in the activities of the Washington Wildlife Rescue Coalition. n. Notify the appropriate resource trustee agency of injury to fish, shellfish, habitat, or other wildlife. o. Make on-site inspections to hazardous materials, oil spill or other releases. p. Provide maritime expertise and advice to the state OSC. 3. Washington State Patrol a. Assume the role of IC on state and interstate highways, and in certain local jurisdictions (RCW 70.136.030). See topic E. Emergency Response, element j and Appendix C – INCIDENT COMMAND AGENCY. b. Assist local jurisdictions with law enforcement and evacuations. c. Assist local jurisdictions with ICS functions, when requested. d. Coordinate and maintain liaison with other state agencies involved with an incident. e. Assist in receiving and disseminating warning information. f. Provide communications and technical support to the incident. g. Provide aerial reconnaissance of impacted area. h. Coordinate fire resources when emergency mobilization is authorized for a hazardous materials incident. i. Provide 24-hour statewide communications support. j. Request support and assistance from the EOC or emergency management staff. k. Provide communications officer capability. l. Provide aerial support for critical incidents, upon request and with the approval of the WSP chain of command. 4. The Southeast Washington Special Operations Group (SEWSOG) Hazardous Materials Response Team a. Respond to incidents in Franklin County if requested. The Incident Command System will be utilized, and the local jurisdiction or the Washington State Patrol will be Incident Command. Typically, a Unified Command will be used, to coordinate the efforts of the hazardous materials team, fire service, EMS, and law enforcement. b. Request support and assistance from the ECC or emergency management staff as needed. c. Currently in Franklin County, only the City of Pasco and Franklin County Fire Protection District #3 are members of the SEWSOG. Non-members may be able to contract with SEWSOG for response, if agreeable to all parties. Page 290 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10 - Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -21 5. Local Fire Departments and Districts a. Act as the designated command agency for much of Franklin County’s hazardous materials response. Whether they are acting as the primary Incident Command, or working with other agencies utilizing the Unified Command structure, fire service has a responsibility for the accountability and safety of personnel as well as the general population. Most Fire Protection Districts in Franklin County will utilize unified command with the WSP, with the exceptions being Pasco Fire and Fire Protection District #3 as shown in topic E. Emergency Response, element j. b. Initiate efforts to reduce or contain the hazard(s), evacuation, and medical care to anyone exposed to the hazard after obtaining as much information about the hazard and approved emergency actions as possible. c. Assure communication with a hazardous materials team, or other specialized resources such as Emergency Response Guides, CHEMTREC®, Computer-Aided Management of Emergency Operations (CAMEO®), Washington State Department of Ecology, or other experts. d. Request support and assistance from the E C C or emergency management staff. 6. Emergency Medical Services (EMS) a. Act as a support agency or group for a hazardous materials response. The hazardous materials teams have Emergency Medical Technicians (EMTs) and paramedics as members. Other EMS providers must also utilize the Incident Command System. b. Size up information and related medical procedures from Incident Command if the hazardous materials team or other experts are not on site. EMS may have to wait for fire service or other hazardous materials response personnel to remove the patient(s) from the hazard and perform decontamination before administering aid. c. Based on SOPs, EMS on scene may need to coordinate with the Incident Commander to arrange for Advanced Life Support, and/or specialized transportation to an appropriate medical facility. d. EMS leaders and personnel are responsible for maintaining accountability of personnel, and following the safety procedures established by Incident Command. 7. Franklin County Emergency Management a. The Franklin County Emergency Coordination Center (ECC), will be activated as needed and by request of the Incident Commander. Representatives of emergency response organizations (and the facility involved if at a fixed site) will report to the center to assist in decision making and coordination efforts as requested by the Incident Commander. Page 291 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10 - Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -22 The Emergency Management Director is responsible for managing the operations of the Emergency Coordination Center. Upon activation, the ECC can be utilized for State Mobilization Requests, logistics support/coordination, mapping, public information and news releases but only as directed by the Incident Commander. All requests for resources and information should be passed from on-scene operations to the Emergency Coordination Center as approved by Incident Command. b. If the capabilities and resources of Franklin County (including existing mutual aid agreements) become exhausted, or are in imminent danger of becoming exhausted, a request for assistance will be made to the State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC) for activation of the Northwest Area Contingency Plan. The Washington Military Department, Emergency Management division staff the SEOC Alert and Warning Center (AWC); however, all calls for state assistance are processed by the State Emergency Operations Officers (SEOOs) in the SEOC’s AWC and requested/directed from Incident Command. c. The Franklin County ECC will produce and disseminate situation reports to the State EOC and surrounding area as appropriate and/or requested by Incident Command. F. Recovery Activities The techniques and equipment used to contain a release would depend on the type, site, health hazard, and environmental impact. The situations can be so varied that the Incident Commander will have to make the determination. The clean-up would be the responsibility of the party causing the incident and shall be determined by the Department of Ecology. Any long term site control will be the responsibility of the spiller and may involve Ecology oversight. G. Responder Safety It is essential on-scene response personnel are protected from the adverse effects of hazardous materials contamination to safely perform their role in protecting the public and mitigating the incident. The safety of response personnel is a priority of the IC system. A Safety Officer will be appointed to the Command Staff to assist the Incident Commander (IC) with responder safety. The Safety Officer shall be assigned to monitor operations, identify potential safety hazards, correct unsafe situations and develop additional methods and procedures to ensure responder safety. The Safety Officer will be given authority to alter, suspend or terminate any activity he/she deems is unsafe. Safety Officers must be trained to the level of the hazmat incident, i.e., an operations level incident (gasoline spill) requires a Safety Officer trained to the operations level. All responders to a hazardous materials incident will: Page 292 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10 - Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -23 • Adhere to applicable local, state and federal laws, statues, ordinances, rules, regulations, guidelines and established standards pertaining to responder safety. • Not exceed individual response certification level in accordance with CFR 1910.120 (HAZWOPER) and Chapter 296-824 WAC training under any circumstance. H. Preparedness Activities 1. The Local Emergency Planning Committee may form emergency planning and right-to-know subcommittees. The community right-to-know information is updated and available to the public. This plan will be reviewed annually and updated to identify existing and needed manpower and equipment resources and should conduct an annual hazardous materials emergency exercise. 2. Methods for exercising the plan will include table-top exercises, functional drills and exercises and full-scale exercises. a. Table-top exercises will be used to train personnel and to identify deficiencies in the plan. b. Functional drills and exercises will be used to train personnel and test specific portions of the plan. c. Full-scale exercises will be used to test the entire plan, with all functions be demonstrated. 3. Table-top and/or functional exercises should be conducted annually, with a full-scale exercise being conducted at least biannually. These exercises may be combined with other exercises required by other existing programs managed by Franklin County Emergency Management. V. RESPONSIBILITIES A. Primary Agencies 1. Fire Departments and Districts: Respond to hazardous materials spills and releases and perform initial identification and containment activities, within their capabilities a. Provide a limited initial response to hazardous materials incidents based on responder training and expertise. b. Act as incident commander (except on state, interstate highways or in areas where the Washington State Patrol is designated as incident Page 293 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10 - Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -24 commander). c. Notify the dispatch agency when the magnitude of the incident exceeds the expertise of the initial responder(s). d. Identify hazardous material(s) without compromising safety (placard number, shipping documents, driver comments, etc.). e. Provide for the safety of the public by whatever means necessary (evacuation, shelter-in-place). f. Isolate the affected area in accordance with the Emergency Response Guidebook or other appropriate resource information. g. Effectively deploy necessary and available fire jurisdiction equipment and manpower. h. Deploy mutual aid, as requested. i. Support SEWSOG with personnel, equipment, and other assistance, as required. (Pasco Fire Department and Fire District #3) j. Provide coordination and control of manpower and equipment through the communications center and at a command post near the scene. k. Provide manpower and equipment for decontamination and emergency medical aid at the scene of a hazardous material incident. l. Provide manpower and equipment for control and containment of a hazardous material release or fire involving hazardous materials, whenever possible. m. Provide emergency medical care and transportation for those injured in a hazardous material incident. n. Perform other operations which may be appropriate in accordance with training. o. The Incident Commander (must be HAZMAT trained) will be the senior fire officer in the jurisdiction where a hazardous materials incident occurs and will assume the role of Incident Commander, unless the role has been delegated to the Washington State Patrol, and will implement the Incident Command System to contain the hazardous materials and protect the public, emergency workers and the environment. 2. WSP Coordinate on-scene activities of hazardous materials spills and releases. If designated, See topic E. Emergency Response, element j.; Act as designated incident command agency for hazardous materials incidents on interstate and state highways or in areas specifically designated by the local political entity. When the local jurisdiction does not designate an incident command agency, assume incident command for the jurisdiction, or establish Unified Command in accordance with RCW 70.136.030. (See: Appendix C—INCIDENT COMMAND AGENCY) They will implement the Incident Command System to contain the hazardous materials and protect the public, emergency workers and the environment. Page 294 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10 - Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -25 Develop procedures for traffic control, route alerting, evacuation and security for their jurisdiction. Develop and conduct hazardous materials training for all levels of local and state emergency responders. Will provide is feasible staff support to the Emergency Coordination Center if activated. 3. Washington State Department of Ecology a. Coordinate the activities according to the Department of Ecology Spill Prevention and Policy, and Spill Operations Sections. b. Advise the Incident Commander for spill response and cleanup. c. Provide on-scene coordination, technical information on containment, cleanup, disposal and recovery, environmental damage assessment, chemical analysis and evidence collection for enforcement actions for non-radioactive hazardous materials incidents. d. Maintain a resource list of cleanup contractors, equipment and technical/scientific personnel for non-radioactive hazardous materials incidents. e. Serve as the state On-Scene Coordinator under the Northwest Area Contingency Plan and National Contingency Plan. f. Provide funding for cleanup of some non-radioactive hazardous materials incidents. g. Coordinate damage assessments of moderate and major spills by activating the State Natural Resource Damage Assessment Team (NRDA) when appropriate. 4. Washington State Division of Emergency Management a. Maintain a 24-hour duty officer system to receive notification of incidents and requests for assistance and initial notification to local, state and federal response agencies. b. Provide communications links to state agencies and local jurisdictions through the state EOC. c. Issue mission numbers. B. Support Agencies Page 295 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -26 1. Mayor/County Commissioners: The elected officials of the jurisdictions at risk have ultimate responsibility for decision making within their jurisdiction in the event of a hazardous materials incident. 2. Franklin County Emergency Management: FCEM will maintain and manage the Emergency Coordination Center and provide support to the Incident Commander when requested. Maintain a resource directory to support hazardous materials and emergency response. Assist the Incident Commander and/or On-Scene PIO by disseminating public information and instructions when requested. Collect all data and submit the required documentation to Washington State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC) Function as lead agency for the Franklin County LEPC FCEM will interface with facility Emergency Coordinators as identified in the facility emergency response plans. Copies of these plans are housed in the Franklin County ECC and are maintained on a regular basis by the facility emergency coordinator for each facility. These plans identify the potential hazard area and recommended protective actions and evacuation routes. Maintain reports submitted by facilities in accordance with EPCRA regulations on behalf of the Franklin County LEPC 3. Emergency Medical Services: Each emergency medical agency will conduct hazardous material and incident command system training for their responders and formulate a course of action to provide necessary medical attention for emergency workers and the public. They will also provide staff support, if needed and as directed by the Incident Commander, for the Emergency Coordination Center. 4. Benton Franklin Health Department/Region 8 Public Health: Provide staff support for the Emergency Coordination Center. Provide advice on health impacts and protective actions. Enforce health and sanitation regulations. Page 296 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -27 Assist emergency medical services personnel in coordinating medical services for emergency workers and the public. The health officer will advise the Incident Commander and/or the Emergency Chairman in the Emergency Coordination Center regarding re-entry into contaminated areas. 5. South East Communications Emergency Dispatch Center Develop and maintain standard operating guidance, checklists, and resource listings. Receive and disseminate notifications to designated response agencies and maintain communications capabilities for participating members. 6. The Southeast Washington Special Operations Group (SEWSOG) Hazardous Materials Response Team: Conduct hazardous materials response training for their personnel. Maintain inventories of response resources, including teams, local experts, community and industry equipment and clean-up resources. Provide advice to Incident Commander on protective actions and containment services for the agencies participating with the SEWSOG. 7. Public Works: Provide traffic barrier material as requested by law enforcement agencies. Provide heavy equipment and diking material as requested by Incident Commander. If requested and personnel are available to provide staff support for the Emergency Coordination Center. 8. Ben Franklin Transit: Provide transportation resources as requested by the Incident Commander or the Emergency Coordination Center. Maintain a current listing of bus, taxi, and/or other agencies and their availability of equipment and drivers for emergency use. If requested and personnel are available to provide staff support for the Emergency Coordination Center. Page 297 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -28 9. American Red Cross: The American Red Cross will: Provide training in shelter operations and maintain a list of shelter resources. Provide mass care for disaster victims, feeding for emergency workers and individualized assistance to families. Handle all welfare inquiries for concerned families outside the disaster area. Provide staff support to the Emergency Coordination Center. 10. Fixed Facilities With Hazardous Materials: The fixed facility with hazardous materials will: Develop an on-site contingency plan which specifies notification and emergency response procedures and responsibilities. A copy of this plan will be kept at the Franklin County ECC with the Tier II reports. Notify the emergency dispatch center of a release and the projected area of impact and provide technical and planning support for the off-site area. Provide staff support to the command post and Emergency Coordination Center to advise the Incident Commander and decision group. 11. Law Enforcement Agencies: Each law enforcement agency will develop procedures for traffic control, route alerting, evacuation and security for their jurisdiction. Law enforcement personnel will attend appropriate hazardous materials- training and conduct training on standard operating procedures. The law enforcement agency with jurisdiction over the area of the event will provide staff support to the Emergency Coordination Center, as necessary and/or directed by Incident Command and will supervise re-entry into affected areas. 12. US Environmental Protection Agency Provide support as necessary through the Northwest Area Contingency Plan (NWACP) joint agreement between the US Coast Guard and the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). 13. US Coast Guard Page 298 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -29 Provide support as necessary through the Northwest Area Contingency Plan (NWACP) joint agreement between the US Coast Guard and the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). VI. EPCRA REPORTING All facilities within Franklin County receiving, storing and/or using extremely hazardous substances (EHS),( reference 40 CFR Part 355), must notify the SERC and LEPC in accordance with Section 302 – Notification of Extremely Hazardous Substances and must designate a Facility Emergency Coordinator and provide contact information for this individual. Per EPCRA Section 304, a facility must notify any potentially- affected SERC and LEPC of a release at the facility in excess of the reportable quantity for the substance when the release could result in exposure of persons outside the facility. A verbal report must be made immediately and a written follow up report must be submitted to the SERC and LEPC that received notification within 30 days. In accordance with EPCRA section 311, facilities must submit Safety Data Sheets (SDS), formerly referred to as Material Safety Data sheets (MSDS), or a SDS list of the hazardous chemicals present on-site in excess of threshold levels to the SERC, LEPC and local fire department/district. EPCRA Section 312 requires facilities storing hazardous substances to provide specific information about such chemicals to the SERC, LEPC and local fire department/district annually via the Tier II Emergency & Hazardous Chemical Inventory Report. VII. REFERENCES FEMA, Guide for All-Hazard Emergency Operations Planning (SLG-101). US Department of Transportation and Transport Canada, Emergency Response Guidebook. SARA Title III – Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA), http://www.ecy.wa.gov/epcra Public Law 99-499 – Superfund Amendment and Reauthorization Act (SARA) Chapter 118-40 WAC – Hazardous Chemical Emergency Response Planning VIII. ACRONYMS` CGS – Columbia Generating Station DOE – Department of Energy ECC - Emergency Coordination Center EAL – Emergency Action Level Page 299 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -30 EPCRA – Emergency Planning and Community right-To –Know Act ERPG – Emergency Response Planning Guidance ESF – Emergency Support Function LEPC – Local Emergency Planning Committee MSDS – Material Safety Data Sheet SARA – Superfund Amendment and Reauthorization Act SECOMM – Southeast Communications Center SEOC – State Emergency Operations Center SEOO – State Emergency Operations Officer/Duty Officer SERC – State Emergency Response Commission SEWSOG – Southeast Washington Special Operations Group HazMat Team Page 300 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -31 IX. Appendices APPENDIX DESCRIPTION Page A. Regulated Facility Types 32 B. Extremely Hazardous Facilities 33 C. Incident Command Designations 34 D. Public Safety Procedures 35 E. Evacuation Map Routes 40 F. Training Schedule 41 G. Exercise Types and Schedule 45 H. Emergency Planning and Response 48 I. Description of Emergency Equipment and Facilities 51 J. Minimum Plan Requirements Locations 56 K. Petroleum Crude Oil Response Reference 57 L. Promulgation 62 Page 301 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -32 Appendix A REGULATED FACILITIES in Franklin County, WA 1. Anhydrous Ammonia is the main reportable EHS in Franklin County. Over 18 sites have reportable quantities. Clouds of anhydrous ammonia are subject to the unpredictability of air movement; they will change direction as quickly as the breeze. Clouds of ammonia may be nearly invisible in some atmospheric conditions, but in high concentrations may appear as white clouds. Rain will absorb the ammonia and remove it from the air; however, the ammonia-water mixture may still be a hazard until sufficiently deluded. Anhydrous ammonia is lighter than air. Under cold condition, it may settle in the low areas of the surrounding landscape, such as road ditches, sloughs and valleys. People in threatened areas must be warned of the release and advised to leave the area or shelter in-place until the release has been controlled and the area is considered safe. These decisions should be made by emergency personnel, such as a local fire department. 2. Chlorine Exposure to chlorine can occur in the workplace or in the environment following releases to air, water, or land. Effects of chlorine on human health depend on how the amount of chlorine that is present, and the length and frequency of exposure. Effects also depend on the health of a person or condition of the environment when exposure occurs. Breathing small amounts of chlorine for short periods of time adversely affects the human respiratory system. Effects differ from coughing and chest pain, to water retention in the lungs. Chlorine irritates the skin, the eyes, and the respiratory system. These effects are not likely to occur at levels of chlorine that are normally found in the environment. 3. Fuel/Propane Liquid releases flammable vapors at well below ambient temperatures and readily forms a flammable mixture with air. Dangerous fire and explosion hazard when exposed to heat, sparks or flame. Vapors are heavier than air and may travel long distances to a point of ignition and flash back. Container may explode in heat or fire. Runoff to sewer may cause fire or explosion hazard. 4. Tier II Facilities List The name of the Facility Emergency Coordinator, addresses and personal contact information can be secured at the Franklin County Emergency Management office - 1011 E. Ainsworth St., Pasco, WA, 99301, 509.545.3546, or by contacting dispatch and requesting the emergency management duty officer: Appendix B to this plan lists the EHS in Franklin County, WA. Page 302 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -33 Appendix B Extremely Hazardous Sites in Franklin County, WA RESERS FINE FOODS INLAND EMPIRE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS INC PASCO CHS SUN BASIN GROWERS CONNELL GRAIN HELENA AGRI-ENTERPRISES LLC PASCO BOULDER CANYON ORGANICS dba JUDEL MARKETING INTL HELENA AGRI-ENTERPRISES LLC PASCO KENYON ZERO STORAGE INC PASCO KENYON ZERO STORAGE INC PASCO 2 FREEZE PACK LLC PASCO BAKER PRODUCE PASCO HOLDINGS AMERICOLD LOGISTICS CONNELL AMERICOLD PASCO Grimmway Enterprises Inc Pasco Grimmway Enterprises Inc Pasco LAMB WESTON INC CONNELL PLANT LAMB WESTON INC PASCO OXARC INC PASCO PASCO PROCESSING INDUSTRIAL WAY RESERS FINE FOODS SIMPLOT FROZEN VEGETABLES LLC THE MCGREGOR CO CONNELL THE MCGREGOR CO PASCO TWIN CITY FOODS INC PASCO DOUGLAS FRUIT CO INC DOUGLAS FRUIT CO INC DOUGLAS FRUIT CO INC VERDESIAN LIFE SCIENCE INC NUTRIEN AG SOLUTIONS 156 PASCO PAPE MATERIAL HANDLING INC PASCO KENYON ZERO STORAGE INC PASCO HELENA AGRI-ENTERPRISES LLC PASCO CITY of PASCO WTP BUTTERFIELD RESERS FINE FOODS OXARC INC PASCO HELENA AGRI-ENTERPRISES LLC PASCO SIMPLOT GROWER SOLUTIONS MESA THE MCGREGOR CO ELTOPIA HELENA AGRI-ENTERPRISES LLC PASCO Page 303 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -34 HELENA AGRI-ENTERPRISES LLC PASCO HELENA AGRI-ENTERPRISES LLC PASCO INLAND EMPIRE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS INC PASCO TWO RIVERS TERMINAL LLC PASCO 1 Winfield United Pasco NUTRIEN AG SOLUTIONS 156 PASCO NUTRIEN AG SOLUTIONS PASCO 2 THE MCGREGOR CO ELTOPIA HELENA AGRI-ENTERPRISES LLC PASCO RESERS FINE FOODS HELENA AGRI-ENTERPRISES LLC PASCO INLAND EMPIRE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS INC PASCO Winfield United Pasco NUTRIEN AG SOLUTIONS 150 NUTRIEN AG SOLUTIONS 156 PASCO NUTRIEN AG SOLUTIONS PASCO 2 THE MCGREGOR CO ELTOPIA NUTRIEN AG SOLUTIONS 150 NUTRIEN AG SOLUTIONS PASCO 2 INLAND EMPIRE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS INC PASCO RESERS FINE FOODS TWO RIVERS TERMINAL LLC PASCO 1 NUTRIEN AG SOLUTIONS 156 PASCO NUTRIEN AG SOLUTIONS PASCO 2 FREEZE PACK LLC PASCO PAPE MATERIAL HANDLING INC PASCO PASCO PROCESSING INDUSTRIAL WAY LAMB WESTON COLUMBIA BASIN BLENDS HELENA AGRI-ENTERPRISES LLC PASCO INLAND EMPIRE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS INC PASCO WILBUR ELLIS CO PASCO WILBUR ELLIS CO PASCO RESERS FINE FOODS RESERS FINE FOODS TWO RIVERS TERMINAL LLC PASCO 1 RESERS FINE FOODS CHS AGRONOMY PASCO 1 HELENA AGRI-ENTERPRISES LLC PASCO HELENA AGRI-ENTERPRISES LLC PASCO INLAND EMPIRE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS INC PASCO SIMPLOT GROWER SOLUTIONS MESA SIMPLOT GROWER SOLUTIONS MESA WILBUR ELLIS CO ELTOPIA WILBUR ELLIS CO PASCO WILBUR ELLIS CO PASCO Page 304 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -35 Winfield United Pasco TWO RIVERS TERMINAL LLC PASCO 1 HELENA AGRI-ENTERPRISES LLC PASCO HELENA AGRI-ENTERPRISES LLC PASCO HELENA AGRI-ENTERPRISES LLC PASCO THE MCGREGOR CO ELTOPIA CHS AGRONOMY PASCO 1 CHS AGRONOMY PASCO 2 HELENA AGRI-ENTERPRISES LLC PASCO HELENA AGRI-ENTERPRISES LLC PASCO INLAND EMPIRE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS INC PASCO SIMPLOT GROWER SOLUTIONS MESA SIMPLOT GROWER SOLUTIONS MESA WILBUR ELLIS CO ELTOPIA WILBUR ELLIS CO PASCO WILBUR ELLIS CO PASCO Winfield United Pasco NUTRIEN AG SOLUTIONS 150 NUTRIEN AG SOLUTIONS 156 PASCO NUTRIEN AG SOLUTIONS PASCO 2 HELENA AGRI-ENTERPRISES LLC PASCO SIMPLOT FROZEN VEGETABLES LLC TWIN CITY FOODS INC PASCO Winfield United Pasco NUTRIEN AG SOLUTIONS 156 PASCO RESERS FINE FOODS AMERIGAS ICE HARBOR STORAGE BLEYHL FARM SERVICE INC PASCO 3 HELENA AGRI-ENTERPRISES LLC PASCO OXARC INC PASCO ATT MOBILITY ISLAND VIEW American Rock Products Inc Batch Plant Pasco AMERICOLD LOGISTICS CONNELL AMERICOLD PASCO ATT PASCO USID 10595 AutoZone Distribution Center 9788 BPA FRANKLIN STATION BPA SCOOTENEY SUBSTATION CenturyLink QC W00231 DOUGLAS FRUIT CO INC FREEZE PACK LLC PASCO HORIZON AIR PASCO KENYON ZERO STORAGE INC PASCO LAMB WESTON INC CONNELL PLANT LAMB WESTON INC PASCO Page 305 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -36 NUTRIEN AG SOLUTIONS 156 PASCO PASCO PROCESSING INDUSTRIAL WAY RESERS FINE FOODS SIMPLOT FROZEN VEGETABLES LLC SIMPLOT GROWER SOLUTIONS MESA TWIN CITY FOODS INC PASCO TWO RIVERS TERMINAL LLC PASCO 1 TWO RIVERS TERMINAL LLC PASCO 1 UNITED RENTALS NORTH AMERICA INC PASCO US ACOE LOWER MONUMENTAL DAM XPO Logistics Freight Inc UPW HELENA AGRI-ENTERPRISES LLC PASCO Winfield United Pasco NUTRIEN AG SOLUTIONS 150 NUTRIEN AG SOLUTIONS 156 PASCO NUTRIEN AG SOLUTIONS PASCO 2 THE MCGREGOR CO ELTOPIA NUTRIEN AG SOLUTIONS 156 PASCO NUTRIEN AG SOLUTIONS PASCO 2 THE MCGREGOR CO ELTOPIA NUTRIEN AG SOLUTIONS 156 PASCO HELENA AGRI-ENTERPRISES LLC PASCO Page 306 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -37 Appendix C INCIDENT COMMAND AGENCY JURISDICTION INCIDENT COMMAND AGENCY DESIGNATION DATE Franklin County FPD#1 Washington State Patrol 03/02/2010 Franklin County FPD#2 Washington State Patrol 03/02/2010 Franklin County FPD#3 Franklin County FPD#3 12/19/2000 Franklin County FPD#4 Washington State Patrol 03/02/2010 Franklin County FPD#5 Washington State Patrol 03/02/2010 City of Connell (FPD #1) Washington State Patrol 03/02/2010 City of Kahlotus (FPD #2) Washington State Patrol 03/02/2010 Mesa (FPD #1)) Washington State Patrol 03/02/2010 Pasco Pasco Fire Department 12/19/2000 Port of Pasco Pasco Fire Department 02/01/1988 Unincorporated Area Washington State Patrol 03/02/2010 Page 307 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -38 Appendix D PUBLIC SAFETY PROCEDURES Shelter-in-Place The term, shelter-in-place, means to seek immediate shelter and remain there during an emergency rather than evacuate the area. Evacuation is the preferred public safety option. Therefore, shelter-in-place should only be used when an evacuation is not safe. The decision to shelter-in-place will be made by the affected jurisdiction fire department and/or law enforcement, in consultation with a hazardous materials technician or specialist, when possible. Once the decision to shelter-in-place is made, instructions will be relayed to the affected population to shelter-in-place. This notification will be made using any means of communication available, i.e., EAS; CodeRED, route alerting by available emergency vehicles. In the event of a critical incident where hazardous (including chemical, biological or radiological) materials may have been released into the atmosphere either accidentally or intentionally, a decision to shelter-in-place may be the preferred method of safely waiting out the release. Consider providing the following instructions to citizens during a shelter-in- place situation: • Turn-off heating, cooling and ventilation system to prevent drawing in outside air. • Get disaster supply kit, pets and their food and water. • Move to a small, interior room above ground level and close doors and windows, rooms having little or no ventilation are preferred. Seal air vents, cracks around doors and windows with blankets, sheets, towels, plastic sheeting, duct tape or other materials. • Do not use the fireplace or wood stove, extinguish all burning materials and close dampers. • Notify those around you, and encourage others to remain in your room/ office rather than to try to leave the building. • Do not use the telephone unless you have an emergency. • Listen to your local radio or television stations for further instructions. • Stay in your rooms/ offices/ classrooms and only come out when you are told that it is safe. It is important following a shelter-in-place event the pubic take reverse actions. When outside toxic levels fall below those inside structures, directives should be given to begin ventilating buildings by restarting heating, cooling and ventilation systems and opening windows and doors. This is a critical component of the shelter-in-place concept but one where public compliance may become an issue. Evacuation The public is more likely to respond positively to an evacuation directive when they are well informed of the threat and appropriate action to take. It is very important the IC get the Page 308 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -39 shelter-in-place or evacuation order out to the public as expeditiously as possible to minimize the potential of a wholesale self-evacuation. Uninformed, self-evacuees could frustrate response operations and compromise the traffic control plan. The IC is responsible for determining the need to evacuate, executing the evacuation order and communicating evacuation procedures to the public. At a minimum, an evacuation directive should include: • Location of the hazard. • Description of the hazard. • Description and boundaries of the evacuation zone. • Name and address of shelters/reception centers. • Primary evacuation routes to be used. • Information on how special groups, i.e., schools, nursing homes, the functionally challenged, within the evacuation zone will be evacuated/assisted. • Information on available public transportation system and pick-up points. • Details on what to bring and not bring to the shelter/reception center. • Information on security within the evacuation zone. • Estimated time the zone/area will need to be evacuated. • Information on how evacuees will receive instructions on when to return to the evacuation zone. Evacuees should also receive instructions to, time permitting: • Gather and pack only what is most needed, with particular attention given to medications, materials for infant care, essential documents, etc. • Turn off heating, ventilation and cooling systems and appliances, except the refrigerator. • Leave gas, water and electricity on unless damage is suspected, there is a leak, or advised to do so by authorities. • Lock the house or building prior to leaving. • Do not use the telephone unless it is an emergency. • Car-pool or take only one car and drive safely. Keep all vehicle windows and vents closed, turn on local radio station for evacuation routes and up-to-date information. • Follow directions given by officials along the evacuation route(s) and be prepared to provide the right-of-way to emergency response vehicles. • Do not call your school or go to pick-up children. The children will be moved if an evacuation is necessary at their location. The parents of evacuated children will be notified where to pick-up children. Evacuation plans are specific to the individual facility and possibly to the specific chemical. They will include special provisions and instructions for facilities in the impacted area, especially those with captive or high risk populations, i.e., schools, hospitals, nursing homes, prisons, etc. Provisions will be made to evacuate the elderly and physically challenged who require assistance to comply with evacuation directive. Precautionary evacuation of certain, high-risk members of the affected population may be recommended even when no other segments of the population are evacuated. This could include infants, pregnant women, persons with respiratory illnesses and the elderly. Page 309 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -40 Level 1 Get Ready! Residents should be aware of the danger that exists in their area, monitor local media outlets for information. Residents with special needs (such as a susceptibility to breathing problems in wildfires or those with animals/pets) should take note and begin making arrangements to evacuate. Evacuations at this time are voluntary. Level 2 Get Set! There is a significant risk to your area and residents should either voluntarily relocate to a shelter or with family/friends outside of the area OR be ready to leave at a moment’s notice. Level 3 GO! Conditions present a specific & immediate threat to life and safety in your area. residents should evacuate immediately Once an evacuation is complete, no access to the evacuated area will be allowed without the express permission of the IC, in coordination with the chief law enforcement officer. Once the area is deemed safe, the orderly return of evacuees to the evacuated area will be authorized through the IC. Return will be coordinated using predetermined procedures through designated checkpoints. Local and state law enforcement agencies will use common traffic control procedures to keep evacuation routes open. The IC will determine the evacuation routes. The major thoroughfares will be utilized whenever possible to expedite the flow of evacuees. The Interstate and state routes should be considered as transportation routes for hazardous substances and also as evacuation routes in Franklin County; however, numerous county roads should also be considered based on the location of the hazardous materials incident. Federal routes include: • I-82 going north and south in the north-central part of the county. • Hwy 97 going north and south in the north part of the county. • Hwy 12 going east and west in the north-west part of the county State routes include: • SR 821 going north and south in the north part of the county. • SR 410 east and west in the northwest part of the county. • SR 24 going east and west in the north-central part of the county. • SR 241going north in the north-central part of the county. • SR 22 going east and west in the south-central part of the county. See Appendix E for a map depicting these routes Any combination of the following modes of transportation will be utilized to transport evacuees from the evacuation zone to shelters/reception centers. • Walking: When the evacuation is expected to be of short duration, evacuation zone is limited to a small area and weather conditions are acceptable, able-bodied persons may be asked to walk to a nearby shelter/reception center (school, parking lot, church, field, etc.). If the hazardous material is highly flammable and ignition sources need to be eliminated or surface arterials are in gridlock, walking would be the chosen mode for evacuation until a safe area is reached where follow-on transportation to a shelter/reception center is available. Page 310 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -41 • Private vehicle (car, van, pick-up truck, etc.): When walking is not an option, use of private vehicles is a viable alternative as long as the vehicle is in the area to be evacuated, fueled, and in operating condition. Use of personal vehicles can be quick and convenient and a community resource for transporting neighbors without access to their own vehicle or persons with physical challenges that do not require EMS level transportation. • Public Transit (city/county bus, school bus): This mode minimizes the stress on surface arterials and provides a means of evacuation for individuals without a vehicle or immediate access to a vehicle when the distance to clear the evacuation zone is too far to walk. • EMS vehicles (ambulance or handicap equipped vehicle): This mode is primarily used to transport the sick, infirmed or disabled from the evacuation zone to a shelter/reception center or other, more appropriate facility. Public school buildings are normally used as evacuation shelters/reception centers when the evacuation is projected to last for an extended period of time; however, any large building outside the evacuation zone with adequate facilities could be utilized as long as the owner agrees to its use. Every effort will be made to ensure each shelter/reception center is accessible to evacuees, including the physically challenged and elderly. This may not be possible in every situation. In these instances, assistance will be provided and/or alternative facilities will be identified. Alternative facilities may be required to accommodate the special needs population, hospital patients or jail/prison inmates. The American Red Cross (ARC) operates shelters/reception centers in Franklin County jurisdictions. The services provided in these shelters/reception centers will be in accordance with ESF 6 – Mass Care, Housing and Human Services, Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan. The ARC has surveyed facilities throughout Franklin County and have agreements with those entities to use each specific facility. These facilities usually are churches, schools or other facilities meeting the ARC shelter requirements. Two primary facilities in Franklin County are established as shelters with the ARC and they are the Columbia Basin College facilities and the Trade, Recreation, Agriculture Center (TRAC). Law enforcement personnel will be assigned to secure the perimeter of the evacuation zone and, when environmental conditions permit, periodically patrol the interior of the evacuation zone. Law enforcement personnel may also be dispatched to shelter/reception center locations to provide security. The ECC, if requested, will request state assistance when the duration of the evacuation and/or size of the evacuation zone exceeds the capabilities of local law enforcement. Law enforcement is responsible for verifying the identity of non-uniformed personnel requiring access to the evacuation zone to conduct business (local and state government, utilities, business owners, etc.) and maintaining a log recording when these individuals enter and exit the evacuation zone. Page 311 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -42 Page 312 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -43 Appendix E EVACUATION ROUTES MAP River Main Road (Highway/State Route City/County Road Page 313 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -44 Appendix F TRAINING SCHEDULE The different Franklin jurisdiction’s fire district, law enforcement, public works departments maintain their own individual training records for due diligence purposes. All National Incident Management System reporting is passed to the county through the NIMS Casting report system. Responders in Franklin County will adhere to WAC 296-824-30005 to ensure their responders are trained appropriately and are delegated appropriate roles equivalent to their certified level of training as depicted in the tables below: WSP provided training is available statewide with 90% of their HAZMAT training at the requesting agency’s locations HAZARDOUS MATERIALS COURSES Check link for Dates LOCATIONS ICS 300 10/12-14/2021 FCEM ICS 400 11/1-2/2021 FCEM HAZMAT IQ 10/4-7/2021 FCEM Most on Hold b/c of COVID WA EMD Training Calendar https://mil.wa.gov/emergency- management-division Table 2 Minimum Training Durations for All Responders If you are a: Then: First responder at the awareness level Training duration needs to be sufficient to provide the required competencies First responder at the operations level You need a minimum of 8 hours training (see Table 3) Hazardous materials technician You need a minimum of 24 hours training (see Table 4) Hazardous materials specialist You need a minimum of 24 hours training (see Table 4) Incident commander You need a minimum of 24 hours training (see Table 5) Table 3 Competencies for First Responders at the Awareness Level and Operations Level Employees must be able to show they: When they are designated as First Responders at the: Awareness Level Operations Level Understand what hazardous substances are and their associated risks. X X Recognize the presence of hazardous substances in an emergency. X X Page 314 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -45 Table 2 Minimum Training Durations for All Responders If you are a: Then: Can identify the hazardous substances, when possible. X X Understand the potential consequences of hazardous substances in an emergency. X X Understand the role of a first responder at the awareness level as described in: • The employer's emergency response plan, including site security and control. • The United States Department of Transportation's Emergency Response Guidebook. (search at: http://www.dot.gov). X X Can use The United States Department of Transportation's Emergency Response Guidebook. X X Recognize the need for additional resources and the need to notify the incident's communication center accordingly. X X Know basic hazard and risk assessment techniques. X Can select and use personal protective equipment (PPE) appropriate for first responder operations level. X Understand basic hazardous materials terms. X Can perform basic control, containment, and/or confinement operations within the capabilities of the resources and PPE available. X Can implement decontamination procedures to their level training. X Understand relevant standard operating and termination procedures. X Table 4 Competencies for Hazardous Materials Technicians and Hazardous Materials Specialist Employees must be able to show they: When they are designated as a Hazardous Materials: Technician Specialist Have the competencies specified for the first responder operations level. (See Table 3) X X Can implement an employer's emergency response plan. X X Can function within their assigned role in the incident command system. X X Understand hazard and risk assessment techniques. X X Understand basic chemical and toxicological terminology and X X Page 315 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -46 Table 2 Minimum Training Durations for All Responders If you are a: Then: behavior. Can use field survey instruments and equipment to classify, identify, and verify materials at the incident. X X Can select and use personal protective equipment (PPE) appropriate for hazardous materials technicians. X X Can perform advance control, containment, and/or confinement operations within the capabilities of the resources and PPE available. X X Can implement decontamination procedures to their level of training. X X Understand termination procedures. X X Can implement the local emergency response plan. X Know of the state emergency response plan. X Can develop a site safety and control plan. X Understand chemical, radiological, and toxicological terminology and behavior. X Understand in-depth hazard and risk techniques. X Can use advanced survey instruments and equipment to classify, identify and verify materials at the incident. X Can select and use proper specialized chemical PPE given to hazardous materials specialists. X Can perform specialized control, containment, and/or confinement operations within the capabilities of the resources and PPE available. X Can determine decontamination procedures. X Table 5 Competencies for Incident Commanders Employees designated as Incident Commanders must be able to show they: • Have competencies specified for the First Responder Operations Level. (See Table 3.) • Know of the state emergency response plan and the Federal Regional Response Team. • Can implement the local emergency response plan. • Can implement the employer's emergency response plan. • Have knowledge of the incident command system (ICS) and understand how they relate to it. Page 316 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -47 Table 2 Minimum Training Durations for All Responders If you are a: Then: • Can implement the employer's ICS. • Understand the hazards and risks associated with employees working in chemical protective clothing. • Understand the importance of decontamination procedures. Note: If the first employee arriving at the scene is not trained as an IC, they may take control of the incident within their designated role and training level Page 317 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -48 Appendix G EXERCISE TYPES AND SCHEDULE The Homeland Security Exercise and Evaluation Program (HSEEP) is capabilities and performance based exercise program which provides a standardized policy, methodology, and terminology for exercise design, development, conduct, evaluation, and improvement planning. Exercise Types Discussions-based Exercises familiarize participants with current plans, policies, agreements and procedures, or may be used to develop new plans, policies, agreements, and procedures. Types of Discussion-based Exercises include: ▪ Seminar. A seminar is an informal discussion, designed to orient participants to new or updated plans, policies, or procedures (e.g., a seminar to review a new Evacuation Standard Operating Procedure). ▪ Tabletop Exercise (TTX). A tabletop exercise involves key personnel discussing simulated scenarios in an informal setting. TTXs can be used to assess plans, policies, and procedures. Operations-based Exercises validate plans, policies, agreements and procedures, clarify roles and responsibilities, and identify resource gaps in an operational environment. Types of Operations-based Exercises include: ▪ Drill. A drill is a coordinated, supervised activity usually employed to test a single, specific operation or function within a single entity (e.g., a fire department conducts a decontamination drill). ▪ Functional Exercise (FE). A functional exercise examines and/or validates the coordination, command, and control between various multi-agency coordination centers (e.g., emergency coordination center, etc.). A functional exercise does not involve any "boots on the ground" (i.e., first responders or emergency officials responding to an incident in real time). ▪ Full-Scale Exercise (FSE). A full-scale exercise is a multi-agency, multi-jurisdictional, multidiscipline exercise involving functional (e.g., emergency operation centers, etc.) and "boots on the ground" response (e.g., firefighters decontaminating mock victims). Page 318 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -49 Exercise Schedule: 2022 2023 2024 Exercise Title Type Open To 09/13/2022 FEMA DRESS REHEARSAL Qtr-3 FEMA DRESS REHEARSAL Jun- Sep Columbia Generating Station Nuclear Plant - FSE FSE Local 10/26/2022 FEMA EVALUATED Qtr-3 FEMA EVALUATED Jun- Sep Columbia Generating Station Nuclear Plant - FSE FSE Local 05/2022 Qtr-1 Jan- May DOE-Hanford Nuclear Reservation FSE Local 09/2022 Qtr-3 Jun- Sep Tri-Cities Airport 2021 - FE 2022 – FSE 2023 - TTX TTX FE FSE Local 10/2022 Tentative – COVID19 Qtr-4 Oct- Dec FRAMATOME Nuclear Fuels FE Local Page 319 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -50 Intentionally Left Blank Page 320 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -51 Appendix H EMERGENCY PLANNING AND RESPONSE Regulatory (APPENDIX A: 40 CFR PART 68) Subpart E — Emergency Response Section 68.90 Applicability (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, the owner or operator of a stationary source with Program 2 and Program 3 processes shall comply with the requirements of § 68.95. (b) The owner or operator of stationary source whose employees will not respond to accidental releases of regulated substances need not comply with § 68.95 of this part provided that they meet the following: (1) For stationary sources with any regulated toxic substance held in a process above the threshold quantity, the stationary source is included in the community emergency response plan developed under 42 U.S.C. 11003; (2) For stationary sources with only regulated flammable substances held in a process above the threshold quantity, the owner or operator has coordinated response actions with the local fire department; and (3) Appropriate mechanisms are in place to notify emergency responders when there is a need for a response. Section 68.95 Emergency Response Program (a) The owner or operator shall develop and implement an emergency response program for the purpose of protecting public health and the environment. Such program shall include the following elements: (1) An emergency response plan, which shall be maintained at the stationary source and contain at least the following elements: (i) Procedures for informing the public and local emergency response agencies about accidental releases; (ii) Documentation of proper first-aid and emergency medical treatment necessary to treat accidental human exposures; and (iii) Procedures and measures for emergency response after an accidental release of a regulated substance; (2) Procedures for the use of emergency response equipment and for its inspection, testing, and maintenance; (3) Training for all employees in relevant procedures; and (4) Procedures to review and update, as appropriate, the emergency response plan to reflect changes at the stationary source and ensure that employees are informed of changes. (b) A written plan that complies with other Federal contingency plan regulations or is consistent with the approach in the National Response Team’s Integrated Contingency Plan Guidance (“One Plan”) and that, among other matters, includes the elements provided in paragraph (a) of this section, shall satisfy the requirements of this section if the owner or operator also complies with paragraph (c) of this section. (c) The emergency response plan developed under paragraph (a)(1) of this section shall be coordinated with the community emergency response plan developed under 42 U.S.C. 11003. Upon request of the local emergency planning committee or emergency response Page 321 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -52 officials, the owner or operator shall promptly provide to the local emergency response officials information necessary for developing and implementing the community emergency response plan. Informative Introduction Emergency Action Plan and Alarm Systems Requirements The emergency action plan requirements apply to employers who will evacuate their employees from the danger area when an emergency occurs, and who do not permit any of their employees to assist in handling the emergency. Arrangements will be made with off- site personnel to respond to ammonia releases at the facility. Procedures The procedures for preparing an emergency action plan are divided into the following sections: • Purpose and Scope • Statement of Policy • Current Revision Date • Facility Description • Employee Responsibilities • Incident Discovery • Procedures for Internal and External Notifications The responsible party having a HAZMAT Emergency will follow their facility’s emergency plan/procedures and ensure these offsite contacts are made immediately: a. Emergency Dispatch: 9-1-1 b. Washington State Duty Officer: 1.800.258.5990 c. Emergency Management: i. 509.545.3546 Office ii. 509.492.1373 Director iii. 509.628.0333 24-hr Dispatch d. Local Fire Agency om their jurisdiction • Scenarios and Procedures • Planning • Logistics • Termination and Follow-Up Activities • Training Purpose and Scope This document is to ensure that the facility is properly prepared for a fire, explosion, or an unplanned or accidental discharge of a hazardous substance. This emergency action plan addresses the actions that will be taken. This plan was designed specifically to conform to the following regulations: • Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), Process Safety Management (PSM) of Highly Hazardous Chemicals Requirements (29 CFR 1910.119) • Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), Employee Emergency Plans and Fire Prevention Plans, 29 CFR 1910.38(a) Page 322 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -53 • Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), Employee Alarm Systems, 29 CFR 1910.165 • Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Risk Management Programs for Chemical Accidental Release Prevention (40 CFR Part 68) Page 323 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -54 Appendix I DESCRIPTION OF EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT and FACILITIES in the COMMUNITY JURISDICTION RESOURCE EQUIPMENT/TRAINING MUTUAL AID Pasco Fire & FPD #3 Southeast Washington Special Operations Group Hazardous Materials Response Team Pasco & FPD #3 only The team is composed of emergency response personnel certified according to standards set by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), Washington Administrative Code (WAC), and the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA). Team members are qualified to handle a wide range of hazardous materials incidents. MUTUAL AID FOR THE HAZARDOUS MATERIALS TEAM 1. When a requesting mutual aid department requests the hazardous materials team for technical expertise, the On-Duty Chief Officer will be contacted immediately for direction. 2. The On-Duty Chief Officer shall respond to any mutual aid response and shall retain responsibility over their personnel and equipment unless relieved by a higher-ranking officer from their agency. A Chief Officer vehicle shall be utilized for the response. 3. A recall of off-duty personnel may be made for the Hazardous Materials Team personnel. 4. Both on-duty and off-duty personnel of the Hazardous Materials Team may be Pasco Fire & FPD #3 HM trailer Fire personnel are certified according to standards set by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) standards,-- HAZMAT Awareness and Operations; HAZMAT Technician. Trailer equipped to respond to Ammonia and chlorine releases., e.g. PPE. Page 324 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -55 used for the response. Four team members will comprise minimum response, in addition to non-team personnel. 5. An Engine/Rescue and Ambulance with a minimum of three personnel shall also respond. 6. The total minimum personnel response is: a. A Chief Officer b. Four Hazardous Materials Team members c. Three-member Engine/Rescue crew 7. The total minimum equipment response is: a. A Chief Officer vehicle b. An Engine/Rescue c. The Hazardous Materials Team vehicle 8. When an agency requests the SEWSOG Hazardous Materials Team for offensive mitigation, the On-Duty Chief Officer shall notify Control and have the SEWSOG HazMat Team activated. The previous sections 2 - 7 shall be followed for the incident advisory process. Connell/FPD #1 FPD #2 FPD #4 FPD #5 Basic Fire Equipment at an Awareness Level Fire personnel are certified according to standards set by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA),--HAZMAT Awareness Page 325 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -56 JURISDICTION/ LOCATION RESOURCE AMOUNT Yakama Nation,- Toppenish,WA 509) 865-5121 x4402 Boom 800 feet-12”, Spill equipment Inside 7X8 trailer BNSF- Lyle,WA 800-832-5452 Boom 19’’ Boom-900feet,19’’ Boom-600 feet, 19’’ Boom-600 feet, 19’’ Boom-600 feet, and 19’’ Boom-600 feet Spill equipment in 5 air transport containers 1CD18H-24 coated drum skimmer One - Petroleum storage bladder 3,000-gallon Department of Ecology- Central eastern Washington 509) 754- 5088 x3137 Boom 2700 feet of 12’’ boom, 900 feet of 10’’ boom, 800 feet of 18’’ inshore boom Spill equipment 12 spill response trailers Phillips 66- Moses Lake,WA 509-765-7051 Radios Mobile Radio equipment Spill equipment Inside 7X8 trailer National Response Corporation Environmental Services- Pasco,WA 1-800- 33-SPILL Air Mover Truck 60 barrel storage capacity Backhoe One TideWater Barge Lines- Pasco,WA 360-6393-1491 Boom 1,800 feet of 20’’ Boom ACT Remediation Services, Pasco,WA 1-888-477-0015 Biohazard clean up NA SERVPRO, Walla Walla, WA 1- 888-629-1222 Biohazard clean up NA Able Clean Up Technologies (Coverage area Eastern WA) 1-509-466-5255 Primary Service is oil and chemical Clean up and materiel remediation. NA Big Sky Industrial (Coverage area Eastern WA) 1-509-624- 4949 Oil and chemical Clean up and materiel remediation. NA NRC Environmental Services(Coverage area national) 1-800-337-7455 All environment oil clean up. NA FOAM INVENTORY - TRI-CITIES AREA FREEZE QNTY SIZE TOTAL GAL APPLICATION CONTACT INFORMATION PROTCTD Page 326 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -57 Tidewater, Pasco, WA AFFF Ansulite 3% no 5 drums 55 gal ea 275 gallons on pallets Ag chemicals, diesel, non- oxygenated gasoline (NOT for ethanol) stored in temperature controlled warehouse Tidewater Terminal Company AR- AFFF Ansulite 3% X 3% no 2 totes 265 gal ea 530 gallons foam trailer w/350 or 500 gpm nozzle diesel, all gasolines, ethanol - stored in a temperature controlled warehouse at the Tidewater Pasco Terminal Mark Davis, GM mark.davis@tidewat er.com AR- AFFF Ansulite 3% X 3% no 10 drums 55 ga l ea 550 gallons on pallets 671 Tank Farm Rd AR- AFFF Chem - guard 3% X 3% yes 2 totes 265 gal ea 530 gallons foam trailer w/350 or 500 gpm nozzle diesel, all gasolines, ethanol Pasco, WA 99301 Total Tidewater Pasco foam inventory : 1885 gallons Office: 509-547- 7701 Cell: 509-396-1179 Tidewater, Umatilla, OR AFFF Thunder - storm 3% yes 2 drums 55 gal ea 110 gal at the truck rack diesel, non- oxygenated gasoline, (NOT for ethanol) Alternate 24 hour cell: 509-727-1585 (terminal operator) NRCES AR- AFFF Chem - guard 3% X 3% yes 2 totes 265 gal ea 530 gallons foam trailer w/nozzle diesel, all gasolines, ethanol NRC Environmental Services Pasco, WA 800-337-7455 THIS FOAM INVENTORY BELONGS TO THE BNSF RAILROAD but is maintained by NRCES. 1810 E. James St. Pasco, WA Office: 509-545- 6110 (24 hour#) Marathon Dan Anderson, Sup Pasco, WA AR- AFFF Ansulite 3% X 3% no 100 pails 5 gal ea 500 gallons on pallets in storage diesel, all gasolines, ethanol djanderson2@marat honpetroleum.com 2900 Sacajawea Park Road Pasco, WA 99301 Office: 509-543- 6101 24hr: (509) 539 – 2564 or (208) 890 - 2025 Tri-Cities Airport AFFF 500 gallons Pasco TYPICALLY NOT AVAILABLE DUE TO AIRPORT REQUIREMENTS TO HAVE ON SITE Page 327 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -58 Umatilla FD AFFF Thundersto rm 3% yes 2 totes 265 gal ea 530 gallons on a foam truck Chief Steve Potts Umatilla, OR steve.potts@umatill afire.org Cell: 541-701-8400 305 Willamette St Umatilla, OR 97882 Page 328 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -59 Appendix J MINIMUM PLAN REQUIREMENT LOCATIONS USC Title 42 Chapter 116 (EPCRA) Subchapter I Section 11003(c) requires emergency planning to include (but is not limited to) each of the following nine: Requirement Description Page # 1 Identification of Facilities 32 2 Methods and Procedures to be followed by facility owners and operators 48 3 Designation of a community coordinator 11, IV.A.4 3 Designation of facility emergency coordinator 26, V.B.2 29, VI 4 Procedures providing reliable, effective, and timely notification 14, IV.B.6 ; 15/16, IV.D ; 49 5 Methods for determining the occurrence of a release and the area or population likely to be affected 16, IV.E 6 Description of emergency equipment and facilities and in the community 8, IV.A & .B; 51 7 Evacuation Plans 9, IV.B, 35 - 40 8 Training Programs 41 - 43 9 Methods and schedules for exercising the plan 45 - 46 Page 329 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -60 Appendix K Petroleum Crude Oil Response Reference Franklin County has numerous shipments of empty and full Bakken crude railcars passing along the rail lines inside the County. While not a traditional “fixed facility”, the rail cars can be parked for weeks on end, in numerous places around the county. Bakken crude is a very light volatile type of crude that acts more like refined products such as gasoline when involved in fire. While the majority of the railcars are empty, Bakken has a higher gas content/ vapor pressure, lower flash point and boiling point and thus a higher degree of volatility than most other crudes in the U.S., (which correlates to increased ignitability and flammability even when dealing with empty railcars). The Reference Sheet below provides further guidance: Page 330 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -61 Page 331 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -62 Page 332 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -63 Page 333 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -64 Page 334 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -65 Appendix L PROMULGATION EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION (ESF) 10 - Hazardous Materials Response APPROVAL & IMPLEMENTATION The Franklin County LEPC and Franklin County Emergency Management developed the Hazardous Materials Response Plan to identify and implement hazardous materials emergency preparedness and response responsibilities in accordance with Chapter 118-40 Washington Administrative Code (WAC). The ESF details the purpose, policy, concept of operations, direction/control, actions and responsibilities of primary and support agencies to ensure a mutual understanding and a coordinated plan of action is implemented with appropriate agencies within the jurisdictions of Franklin County. Franklin County, the cities of Pasco, Connell, Kahlotus and Mesa directs each office, department and agency to study the ESF and prepare or update, as needed, the supporting plans and operating procedures needed to implement the ESF in the event of a hazardous material event. Franklin County Emergency Management is responsible for publishing and distributing this ESF and will issue changes as required. Franklin County Emergency Management, Director Date Franklin County LEPC Chairperson Date Page 335 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 10: Hazardous Materials 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 10 -66 Intentionally Left Blank Page 336 of 457 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 11 - 1 EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 11 AGRICULTURE AND NATURAL RESOURCES Coordinating Agency: Franklin County Emergency Management Primary State Agencies: Department of Agriculture (WSDA) Department of Archeology and Historic Preservation (DAHP) Department of Ecology (ECY) Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFW) Department of Health (DOH) Department of Natural Resources (DNR) Department of Social and Health Services (DSHS) Support Agencies: American Red Cross, Central and Southeastern Washington (ARC) Benton-Franklin Health District (BFHD) Benton-Franklin Humane Society Conservation Commission Department of Commerce Department of Enterprise Services (DES) Department of Labor and Industries (L&I) Department of Transportation (WSDOT) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Food Bank Services Franklin County Emergency Management (FCEM) Law Enforcement Military Department, Emergency Management Division / State Emergency Operations Center (WAEMD/SEOC) Milk Distributors Water Utilities I. INTRODUCTION A. Purpose The purpose of this support function is to provide for the protection of the county’s agriculture and natural and cultural resources during county-wide emergencies. ESF #11 works with local, state, and tribal entities during actual and Page 337 of 457 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 11 - 2 potential incidents to provide nutrition assistance; respond to animal and agricultural health issues; ensure safety and defense of the county’s food and feed supply; and ensure the protection of natural and cultural resources and historic properties. B. Scope ESF #11 includes five primary functions: • Provide nutrition assistance: This function applies in situations where it is necessary to ration, conserve or redistribute limited food and water resources. It includes the effective utilization and conservation of food and water resources, ensuring that sufficient emergency temporary food supplies are available to feed the public during an all-hazards event as well as providing for the management and distribution of food resources during a disaster, and for the dissemination of emergency information relating to the protection of food and water resources affected by a disaster. At the county level, we will work with our local area food banks in order to help redistribute foods to Red Cross shelters, schools, etc. This also applies when there is the potential for contamination of area food and water supplies. Additionally, this ESF outlines procedures/guidelines to support and supplement activities defined in ESF 6 – Mass Care, Housing and Human Services. This ESF is applicable to situations within the county when it will be necessary to provide emergency feeding to large groups of people. • Responding to animal and plant diseases and pests: This function is to protect wild and domesticated animal resources, the public health, the public food supply, the environment, and to ensure the humane care and treatment of animals in case of a large-scale emergency or disaster. It includes implementing an integrated local response to a significant outbreak of a highly contagious or economically devastating animal/zoonotic disease or an outbreak of a harmful or economically significant plant pest or disease. • Ensuring the safety and defense of the County’s food and feed supply: This function includes conducting routine inspections to ensure the safety of regulated human and animal food products that enter commerce; the inspection and verification of food safety aspects of regulated slaughter and processing facilities; laboratory analysis of regulated product samples; control of regulated products suspected to be adulterated; foodborne disease surveillance; food/feed safety emergency response activities; and investigations. • Protection of Natural, Cultural, and Historic (NCH) resources: This function includes appropriate response actions to preserve, conserve, rehabilitate, recover, and restore natural and cultural resources and historic properties. • Providing technical expertise in support of animal and agricultural emergency management: This function includes responding to requests to assist local, state, and tribal jurisdictions to facilitate coordination of the public and private sector and nongovernmental organization (NGO) resources to provide surge response capabilities pertaining to animals. Animals include household pets, Page 338 of 457 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 11 - 3 service and assistance animals, agriculture animals/livestock, wildlife, and other animals (including exotics, zoo animals, animals used in research, and animals housed in congregate settings, such as shelters, rescue organizations, breeders, and sanctuaries.) C. Policies 1. All primary response agencies listed in this ESF will, within the limits of their resources and authority, coordinate with other organizations having responsibility to respond to an emergency or disaster. In the event of a man- made or natural disaster the primary agency of jurisdiction is Franklin County Emergency Management (FCEM). In the event of a FAD event, the primary state agency of jurisdiction is the Washington State Department of Agriculture (WSDA) and at the federal level, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). 2. If the situation occurs where a severe lack of available food for Franklin County residents does exist, local governments and the Franklin County Emergency Coordination Center (ECC) will work with the local commercial food distribution system to provide and acceptable supply and distribution system. 3. The Washington State Department of Agriculture (WSDA) and Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFW) represent animal health concerns of the state and maintain liaison with the emergency management and environmental protection agencies; departments and/or agencies that represent veterinary medicine, public health, agriculture, wildlife, non-native wildlife, and humane societies and animal control agencies. 4. Requests for food and water will be made to local sources before requesting outside assistance. 5. Requests for outside assistance in obtaining bulk food and water supplies will be made through the Franklin County ECC to the Washington State Military Department Emergency Management Division (WAEMD) / State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC) 6. The priority of providing food and water will be to areas of acute need, then to areas of moderate need as established by Incident Command. 7. To the maximum extent possible during emergency conditions, acquisition and management of food resources will be performed according to the local, state, and federal laws governing drinking water and foodstuffs. The plans and implementing procedures of organizations operating under this support function will also comply with codes and statutes regarding the preparation and distribution of food and water. 8. The coordinating body responsible for planning overall animal response and recovery activities will be the WSDA and supporting agencies described in Page 339 of 457 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 11 - 4 Appendix 2 of ESF 11 in the Washington State Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan. 9. The residents of Franklin County will be encouraged to maintain emergency supplies of food, water, and other necessities sufficient to sustain their families for at least 72 hours. II. SITUATION AND ASSUMPTIONS A. Emergency/Disaster Conditions and Hazards 1. In the event of a large-scale disaster, it may be necessary to allocate and/or conserve certain resources due to breakdown in food and water distribution systems. Such conditions could include flood, earthquake, or long-term disruption of transportation or electric power systems. 2. During some emergency conditions involving the release of hazardous materials, locally produced fresh milk and produce could become contaminated. 3. Several serious animal disease outbreaks have occurred outside the United States as well as a large national FAD outbreak of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenzas in 2014 and 2015. Additionally, several of the same diseases have occurred, or are expected to occur, in the Mid-Columbia region in the very near future. 4. Even though concerns about animal diseases are increasing, the public gives it relatively low priority. While the local authorities are the first line of defense, no one agency or organization has the resources to address animal response on their own. Protecting animal agriculture requires cooperation, participation and partnership. 5. During large scale emergencies/disasters it is common for some animals (livestock and pets) to get out of their confinement and freely roam about. Locating and collecting these animals might take responders away from missions involving risk to human life. B. Assumptions 1. Although voluntary controls will be encouraged, some mandatory controls may need to be invoked in extreme shortage situations. 2. Food producers and distributors will cooperate with emergency management officials to allocate food resources. Page 340 of 457 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 11 - 5 3. The Benton-Franklin Health District (BFHD), with the assistance of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), will provide notification that there is a potential for contamination of food and water supplies. 4. The American Red Cross (ARC) and other volunteer organizations will provide staff and facilities to distribute food and water supplies in the event of an interruption of the flow of food and water to an affected area. 5. Public education and information will minimize demands on emergency food and water distribution resources by helping people understand the importance of conserving available supplies during an emergency. 6. Rapid, accurate notifications to the public will be effective in minimizing the incidence of individuals ingesting contaminated foodstuffs or water. 7. Citizens should be self-sufficient for three (3) days. Home storage of a supply of food and water will be encouraged. 8. Animal health events will quickly overwhelm Franklin County’s resources. It is anticipated that the WSDA and the WDFW will become heavily involved very early in the response phase. 9. Damage to production agriculture can be an economic crisis to individuals and the community but can also prove to be an environmental and public health challenge. 10. Foreign animal disease can wreak havoc on the economy of not only Franklin County but the entire region, state and nation. 11. Foreign animal disease can be used as a weapon of mass destruction causing enormous economic damage but may also pose as a vehicle or reservoir for zoonotic disease that may threaten human life and the ability to feed the nation. 12. Some people with companion animals will choose not to evacuate rather than leave their animals behind. People will try to reenter an area to retrieve animals before an all clear is given. This type of population behavior will place the animal owner(s) and emergency responders at risk. 13. Private sector agencies and organizations will play a large role in implementing the policies issued by local authorities. 14. For issues not addressed in other extraordinary disaster declarations for production agriculture and animal issues, this same methodology of integrated emergency management can be used to solve such issues. Page 341 of 457 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 11 - 6 III. CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS A. General 1. The primary agencies will coordinate with appropriate agencies and organizations to ensure operational readiness. The primary and support agencies will develop and maintain procedures for surveillance and response to include, but not limited to: poultry, cattle, swine, bovine, sheep, goats, equine, companion animal industries as well as wildlife and exotic animals as is within their purview. These procedures will relate to damaging all-hazard emergencies, disasters and disease that pose a significant impact on human life, property or the economy. 2. The Washington State Department of Agriculture (WSDA) will provide a representative to the Franklin County Emergency Management (FCEM) ECC to advise and provide guidance pertaining to crop, food and water impacts. As needed, WSDA will support FCEM in coordination with Department of Health, Department of natural Resources, NRCS regional and local offices, and Department of Ecology on water issues extending beyond commodity supplies, including water quality and issues of safe drinking water. The Washington State Department of Agriculture (WSDA) representative will: a. Advise the Emergency Manager on impacts and issues impacting crops, food and feed supply chain and water. b. Interact with the Health Department representative(s) regarding the safety of food and water supplies. c. Provide direction to the ARC, St. Vincent DePaul and other volunteer staff carrying out food and water distribution activities. d. Advise the ARC's Donated Goods and Services Coordinator of needs for food and water supplies and storage, delivery or preparation services. 3. The primary agency will coordinate and support the appropriate agencies to protect the public from disease or injury from animals, animal industry or production agriculture which have been negatively impacted by an emergency or disaster. This function will also include, but not limited to, evacuation of animals. 4. The ARC and other community service organizations will provide and conduct mass care operations. 5. Food and water distribution will occur at the Reception and Mass Care facilities described in ESF 6 - Mass Care, and at other locations designated by the Emergency Manager. Page 342 of 457 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 11 - 7 6. Distribution will be handled by St. Vincent DePaul staff, ARC staff and local volunteer organizations. FCEM will work with the ARC to coordinate the distribution of food and water supplies, as appropriate. 7. Organizations operating shelters will keep the Franklin County ECC advised of their needs and anticipated needs for food and other supplies. 8. All requests for food and water, from outside Franklin County will be processed through the Franklin County ECC to WAEMD/SEOC. 9. The BFHD will advise FCEM and ARC staff regarding: a. The healthfulness of food and water supplies intended for mass distribution, and b. The need for public information advisories on food and water (shortages, precautions on washing, boiling water, etc.). 10. The ARC will maintain working contacts with businesses and institutions capable of providing food and water supplies to shelters, as well as storage and preparation services. 11. The Benton-Franklin Humane Society will coordinate the response of all animals affected by the disaster with emergency medical care; evacuation; rescue; temporary confinement, shelter, food and water; and identification for return to the owner. If these resources are overwhelmed, the WSDA and supporting agencies will assist at the state level. 12. Individual water utilities have the primary responsibility for providing secondary water resources should their systems fail, including transport of potable water to the area if necessary. 13. In the event potable water distribution is necessary, FCEM will work with other agencies, such as the local fire services and Benton-Franklin Health District, WAEMD/SEOC or National Guard to provide emergency water supplies. 14. During at least the first three (3) days of emergency sheltering, individuals should anticipate having to rely on their own resources for food and water. 15. In the event of a situation that would prevent normal procurement, delivery and distribution of adequate food to the Franklin County area, the legislative authority of the county, in cooperation with the local food providers, may: a. Procure, through any available source, emergency food supplies. b. Assist in transportation and distribution of supplies. Page 343 of 457 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 11 - 8 c. Institute a rationing plan, as appropriate. B. Organization 1. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE: The Department of Agriculture is the primary responsible state agency under this ESF. An agency liaison will advise the Emergency Manager in the ECC as requested. 2. DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL AND HEALTH SERVICES (DSHS): DSHS will provide overall direction for the American Red Cross efforts under this plan through their established MOU with the ARC. Designated ARC supervisors are responsible for establishing and operating food and water distribution centers at shelters in accordance with ARC guidelines. See ESF – 6 for more detail. 3. BENTON-FRANKLIN HEALTH DISTRICT: The Benton-Franklin Health District is headed by the District Health Officer who has overall responsibility for protection of the health of the population within the District. The District Health Officer reports to the Benton-Franklin District Health Board, which sets local health policy with guidance from the State Board of Health. The District Health Board is made up of elected officials from each County and City in the District. 4. AMERICAN RED CROSS OF CENTRAL AND SOUTHEASTERN WASHINGTON: The ARC is a non-governmental social service agency. The local ARC Disaster Chairman advises the County Emergency Manager in the ECC and provides overall direction for the Benton- Franklin chapter efforts under this plan. Designated ARC supervisors are responsible for establishing and operating food and water distribution centers at shelters in accordance with ARC guidelines. Designated Shelter Managers are responsible for establishing and operating individual shelters in accordance with ARC guidelines and procedures. See ESF – 6 for more detail. C. Whole Community Involvement & Non-Discrimination The “Whole Community” includes individuals, families, and households; communities; the private and nonprofit sectors; faith-based organizations; and local, tribal, state, and Federal governments. This ESF is committed to communicating with the Whole Community as needed during emergency response and disaster recovery operations. The Whole Community includes populations with Limited English Proficiency (LEP), individuals with disabilities, and Access and Functional Needs (AFN). For more information on how each agency or organization complies with federal law, please contact the individual coordinating, primary, or support agency or organization. IV. PREPAREDNESS Page 344 of 457 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 11 - 9 A. Conservation of Food and Water Resources 1. The ARC will provide training to volunteers in order to effectively carry out the provisions of this support function. 2. FCEM will promote to the general public of Franklin County, the need to be prepared on their own and the need to provide for food and water for at a minimum of up to 72 hours – and possibly longer following any emergency or disaster that might strike the country. 3. Food and water distribution centers will be identified. 4. With the assistance of the BFHD, the Franklin County Public Information Officer will prepare emergency public information and instructions on the conservation and distribution of food and water. Information for dissemination to the public will include: i. Distribution Center locations ii. Procedures for dealing with contaminated food and water iii. How to donate supplies iv. How to prepare for food and water shortages. 5. If local jurisdiction capabilities are exceeded, FCEM may request assistance from the Department of Agriculture to coordinate the activities of responsible agencies in this plan for the provision of food and water, and to ensure operational capabilities. B. Animal Protection and Response 1. Plan coordinated relief efforts with the WSDA, WDFW, Washington State Department of Ecology (ECY), emergency management, animal control, animal care organizations, law enforcement, American Red Cross, and others to provide emergency services. 2. Identify potential disposal sites in order to provide rapid, safe, and controlled removal of dead animal carcasses. 3. Involve veterinary, humane society, and animal control personnel in emergency exercises and training. 4. Coordinate with the WSDA in locating high density domestic animal populations. Develop procedures for the movement of domestic animal populations out of affected areas. Page 345 of 457 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 11 - 10 5. Coordinate with the WDFW as needed to conduct response operations for wild animals to include transport, medical treatment, sheltering, feeding and eventual release. 6. Develop and disseminate educational information for individuals and farmers regarding animal care issues during disasters. 7. Establish and test a system to register identification data in an effort to reunite animals with owners. 8. Coordinate with the American Red Cross in co-locating companion animals and animal care facilities close to the human shelters. 8. Pre-register emergency veterinary service volunteers as emergency workers and utilization of the reserve veterinary corps. Establish procedures for requesting additional volunteer support during an emergency/disaster. Work with ESF 7 personnel in obtaining registered emergent volunteers with skills in animal care and transportation of animals. 9. Develop a pre-emergency list of contacts that can provide vehicles and trailers for transporting animals. Such as the Cattleman’s Association, Cattle Producers, Back Country Horsemen, etc. 10. Identify and update periodically the location and capability information of veterinary hospitals/clinics, animal shelters, animal control facilities, livestock market facilities, fairgrounds, feedlots, and supply distribution points. V. ESF RESPONSIBLITIES ALIGNED TO CORE CAPABILITIES The following table aligns the Core Capabilities that this ESF most directly supports, and the agencies and organizations identified to provide services and resources in accordance with their individual missions, legal authorities, plans and capabilities in coordination through Franklin County ECC. Page 346 of 457 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 11 - 11 Coordinating Agency Responsibilities & Actions Core Capabilities Franklin County Emergency Management General • Work with the ARC to identify candidate food distribution centers within the county and plan for their effective use during times of emergency. • Maintain liaison with the Washington State Military Department’s Emergency Management Division and its available resources. • Provide the public with information concerning the establishment, location of, and routes to food and water distribution facilities. FCEM will coordinate and release public information concerning the supply of food and water and the status of the emergency. • Compile after-action reports to coordinate needed public assistance programs through local and state offices. • Coordinate all press releases and public service announcement with the Public Information Officers at the State EOC • Facilitate and coordinate with primary and support agencies and organizations to meet emergency planning and preparedness responsibilities. • Coordinate, develop and maintain Memoranda of Understanding (MOU) with local area support agencies and organizations agreeing to assist in the development and implementation of the emergency support function. • Compile and document information detailing the Franklin County activities that occurred during the preceding 24-hours for inclusion in the daily Situation Report (SITREP) to the Washington State EOC. • Provide for the development and maintenance of this ESF and associated ECC procedures/checklists. Operational Coordination Planning Logistics and Supply Chain Management Public Information and Warning Page 347 of 457 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 11 - 12 Franklin County Emergency Management (Cont’d) General (Cont’d) • Facilitate and coordinate the planning, development and execution of exercises and drills relating the testing evaluation and improvement of this ESF. • Coordinate with Washington State Departments of Agriculture/Fish and Wildlife in planning for the potential mass movement of domestic animals and wildlife. • Coordinate with Washington State Departments of Agriculture/Fish and Wildlife in locating high density domestic animals and wildlife populations prior to an incident. • Facilitate and coordinate with other support agencies in documenting the location and capability of facilities that can be used for animal care/sheltering. Establish a plan and procedures, in conjunction with animal control and the Benton-Franklin Humane Society (BFHS), for the retrieval of animals during the response and recovery phases of an emergency/disaster. • Generate and disseminate emergency public information regarding the reclaiming of lost, injured or dead animals. Operational Coordination Planning Logistics and Supply Chain Management Public Information & Warning Page 348 of 457 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 11 - 13 Primary State Agencies Responsibilities & Actions Core Capabilities Department of Agriculture General • Coordinate with primary decision-maker and functions as the lead state agency for agriculture-related emergencies/disasters. • Coordinate with primary and support agencies and organizations to meet emergency planning and preparedness responsibilities. • Participate in the planning, development and execution of exercises and drills relating to the testing, evaluation and improvement of this ESF. • Serve as the primary decision-maker and functions as the lead state agency for agriculture-related emergencies/disasters. Animal and Plant Disease and Pest Response • Assist State and local public health agencies in pre-selecting potential carcass disposal locations. • Implement an integrated response to an outbreak of an economically devastating or highly contagious animal/zoonotic disease, exotic plant disease or plant pest infestation. • Coordinate veterinary services in affected areas. • Decontaminate and/or depopulate animals and plants as well as associated facilities, e.g., barns, processing equipment, soil, and feeding and growing areas if necessary, during a bio-hazardous event. • Coordinate with ESF #8 on management of zoonotic disease. • Coordinate with ESF #8 to ensure that animal/veterinary health issues are supported (including both disease management and medical management). • Coordinate with ESF #8 and local health jurisdictions to ensure disposal issues during disease and natural disaster events do not pose a public health threat. Public Health, Healthcare, and Emergency Medical Services Supply Chain Integrity and Security Mass Care Services Logistics and Supply Chain Management Public Information and Warning Page 349 of 457 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 11 - 14 Department of Agriculture (Cont’d) Animal and Plant Disease and Pest Response (Cont’d) • Issue quarantines or hold orders, and oversee the implementation and enforcement of restricted or quarantined areas. • Coordinate with Franklin County Emergency Management (FCEM) in locating and documenting high density domestic animal populations prior to an incident. • Coordinate with FCEM in planning for the potential mass movement of animals in response to an emergency/disaster. Food/Feed Safety and Security • Inspect meat, poultry and egg products in affected areas and verify they are safe. • Inspect feed manufacturing facilities, distribution centers, etc. in affected areas and verify they are safe. • Investigate consumer complaints related to potentially adulterated food/feed products. • Conduct food and feed-borne disease surveillance. • Coordinate multi-agency recall and tracing of adulterated products through the production/distribution chain. • Coordinate disposal of contaminated food/feed products. • Provide inspectors and laboratory services to affected areas. Nutrition Assistance • Determine nutritional assistance needs. • Obtain appropriate food supplies. • Arrange for transportation of food supplies. Public Health, Healthcare, and Emergency Medical Services Supply Chain Integrity and Security Mass Care Services Logistics and Supply Chain Management Public Information and Warning Page 350 of 457 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 11 - 15 Department of Agriculture (cont’d.) Animal (including household pets and service animals) Mass Care and Emergency Assistance • Supports ESF #6 to coordinate an integrated response to meet the mass care and emergency assistance needs of animals, including household pets and service animals, and their owners. • Facilitates whole community multi-agency coordination with NGO agencies for animal response activities. • Provides technical assistance and subject matter expertise to local, state, and tribal governments, and NGOs, regarding animal response issues. • Coordinates needs assessments for animals, including household pets and service animals, and animal response needs and activities including technical support for evacuation and emergency animal sheltering. • Responds to animal and agricultural health emergencies under WSDA statutory authority. • Coordinates with ESF #8 to ensure that animal/veterinary health issues (including both disease management and medical management) are supported. Public Health, Healthcare, and Emergency Medical Services Supply Chain Integrity and Security Mass Care Services Logistics and Supply Chain Management Department of Archaeology and Historic Preservation Natural, Cultural, and Historic Resources • Coordinate NCH resource identification and vulnerability assessments. • Facilitate development and application of protective measures and strategies in compliance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act and assists in coordinating with FEMA and EMD. • Provides technical assistance on survey/inventory of cultural resources. • Provides access and technical support on the Washington Information System for Architectural and Archaeological Records Data (WISSAARD) database of cultural resources. Natural and Cultural Resources Infrastructure Systems Page 351 of 457 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 11 - 16 Department of Archaeology and Historic Preservation (cont’d) Natural, Cultural, and Historic Resources (Cont’d) • Monitor response operations to protect sensitive resources. • Provide technical advice on mitigating impacts of operations and recommend response actions to minimize damage to natural and cultural resources. • Coordinate with ESF #3 and #10 on the removal of debris affecting NCH resources. Natural and Cultural Resources Infrastructure Systems Department of Ecology Animal and Plant Disease and Pest Response • Assist local health jurisdictions in determining proper waste disposal methods for animal carcasses, bedding, animal byproducts, contaminated food and feed and any crops that need controlled disposal to prevent the spread of disease or pest infestation. Natural Cultural and Historic Resources • Coordinate with ESF #10 on the removal of debris affecting NCH resources. • Monitor environmental conditions and conduct sampling. • Provide technical advice on mitigating impacts of contaminants and recommend clean up actions to minimize damage to sensitive resources from response activities. • Comment on debris removal plans to minimize the impact on sensitive environmental resources. • Assist with environmental compliance and regulatory concerns as needed. Environmental Response/Health and Safety Public Health, Healthcare, and Emergency Medical Services Page 352 of 457 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 11 - 17 Department of Fish and Wildlife Animal and Plant Disease and Pest Response • Coordinate veterinary and wildlife services in affected areas. • Conducts regular monitoring and responds to aquatic invasive species outbreaks. • Provide technical assistance and subject matter expertise concerning populations of threatened and endangered species of Washington State during response activities. Food/Feed Safety and Security • Provides shellfish monitoring and commercial compliance of shellfish for human consumption. • Provides inspection of shellfish in commercial markets • Seizes and destroys contaminated shellfish stocks Natural, Cultural, and Historic Resources • Conduct surveys and evaluations for biological resources, wetlands, and critical habitat. • Assist with environmental compliance with the Migratory Species Act and the Magnuson-Stevens Act. • Monitor impact to sensitive natural habitats and develops mitigation strategies during response operations. • Issue Emergency Hydraulics Project Approvals during disasters. Environmental Response/Health and Safety Natural and Cultural Resources Infrastructure Systems Mass Care Services Department of Health Animal and Plant Disease and Pest Response • Support WSDA in a foreign animal disease response for livestock or poultry diseases exotic to the United States that are either not or only mildly zoonotic. Public Health, Healthcare, and Emergency Medical Services Page 353 of 457 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 11 - 18 Department of Health (Cont’d) Animal and Plant Disease and Pest Response (Cont’d) • In collaboration with local health jurisdictions and the Department of Ecology, assists in determining proper waste disposal methods for animal carcasses, bedding, animal byproducts, contaminated food and feed and any crops that need controlled disposal to protect human health, and prevent the spread of disease or pest infestation. • Coordinate the provision of health and medical services, including behavioral health support, during animal depopulation operations to mitigate the emotional impacts among responders, producers and animal owners. Food/Feed Safety and Security • Assists in the areas of food safety and food- borne disease surveillance as provided for in state law and in agency plans, policies, procedures and/or practices. Maintains situational awareness on feed-related issues that may impact human health Natural, Cultural and Historic Resources • Coordinate NCH resource identification and vulnerability assessments. • Facilitate development and application of protective measures and strategies in compliance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act. • Assist in compliance with relevant federal and state environmental laws during emergency response activities, such as emergency permits/consultation for natural resource use or consumption. • Perform assessments and surveys to assist with planning and operational decisions. • Monitor response operations to protect sensitive resources. • actions. Public Health, Healthcare, and Emergency Medical Services Page 354 of 457 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 11 - 19 Department of Health (Cont’d) Natural, Cultural and Historic Resources • Provide technical advice on mitigating impacts of operations and recommend response actions to minimize damage to natural, cultural, and historic resources. • Coordinate with ESF #3 and #10 on the removal of debris affecting NCH resources. • Coordinate with ESF #3 to manage, monitor or provide technical assistance on emergency stabilization of shorelines, riparian buffer zones and hillsides to protect NCH resources. • Provide Incident Management Teams to assist in NCH resource response and recovery actions. Public Health, Healthcare, and Emergency Medical Services Department of Natural Resources Animal and Plant and Pest Disease Response • Coordinate with WSDA for plant health emergencies that occur in forest environments of the state or that affect state lands managed by DNR • Assist with any phase of operations or recovery for plant health emergencies that occur in forest environments of the state or that affect state lands managed by DNR. Environmental Response/Health and Safety Infrastructure Systems Department of Social and Health Services Animal and Plant and Pest Disease Response • Under a federal declaration, may coordinate the provision of crisis counseling resources during animal depopulation operations to mitigate emotional impacts among responders, producers and animal owners. Nutrition Assistance • Determine the critical needs of the affected population in terms of numbers of people, their location and usable food preparation facilities for congregate feeding. • Catalog available food, transportation, equipment, storage and distribution facility resources and locate these resources geographically. Mass Care Services Health and Social Services Page 355 of 457 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 11 - 20 Department of Social and Health Services (Cont’d) Nutrition Assistance (Cont’d) • In conjunction with WSDA and USDA, verify all identified USDA food is fit for human consumption. • Coordinate staging areas for food supplies and points of distribution for food with the Incident Command Post and the local and tribal Emergency Operation Centers (EOC). • Coordinate shipment of USDA food to staging areas within the affected area. • Initiate direct market procurement of critical food supplies unavailable in existing inventories. Mass Care Services Health and Social Services Supporting Agencies Responsibilities & Actions Core Capabilities American Red Cross, Central and Southeastern Washington (ARC) Nutrition Assistance • Assist in determining requirements for necessary food supplies to support displaced citizens in shelters. • Supervise and carry out the establishment of food distribution facilities and establish provisions for dispersing emergency welfare goods and services according to the Benton- Franklin Chapter American Red Cross Disaster Plan. • Coordinate with other volunteer agencies to ensure that adequate food and water are available for the populations at risk, and that other human needs are being met. This includes providing emergency lodging, clothing, and other necessities. • Train a sufficient number of persons in mass care operations to enable the provisions of this plan to be carried out. • Coordinate with the Benton-Franklin Humane Society, and the USDA to ensure that provisions are made for the care of family pets and livestock during an emergency. Mass Care Services Health and Social Services Page 356 of 457 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 11 - 21 Animal Control General • Participate in the planning, development and execution of exercises and drills relating to the testing, evaluation and improvement of this ESF. • Coordinate with primary and support agencies and organizations to meet emergency planning and preparedness responsibilities. • Coordinate with primary and support agencies in developing and implementing a procedure for registering identification data on all animals, alive or dead, in an effort to reunite the animal or carcass with its rightful owner. • Coordinate with other support agencies in developing procedures to provide registration and transport services for companion animals from Red Cross shelters to the closest possible animal shelter. • Register participating animal control personnel through FCEM as emergency workers prior to an animal response event. • Coordinate with other support agencies in documenting the location and capability of facilities that can be used for animal care/sheltering. • Coordinate with FCEM and the BFHS in establishing a plan and procedures for the retrieval of animals during the response and recovery phases of an emergency/disaster. • Coordinate with other support organizations and personnel in developing and implementing a preventative health program for all housed animals. • Coordinate with BFHS in establishing legally defensible foster/adoption procedures to be followed in the event lost animals cannot be reclaimed by their legal owners in a reasonable period of time. • Coordinate with BFHS in consolidating documentation of injured and dead animals for insurance purposes. Environmental Response/Health and Safety Page 357 of 457 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 11 - 22 Benton Franklin Health District Nutrition Assistance • Establish and supervise emergency environmental health controls for food distribution and mass care centers, including: sanitation requirements; waste disposal; noise; ventilation; and water quality. • Notify FCEM of potential problems or risks that may affect the quality of area food and water supplies Animal Protection and Response • As the primary local agency responsible for public health, BFHD will serve as the primary point of contact for technical questions from local individuals and organizations regarding public health issues related to animal response. • Coordinate with State and local agencies and organizations to assess the public health risk associated with burial or burning of dead and affected animals. • Provide public health information and advice to local decision makers in the EOC to help develop local level public policy. • Coordinate with the Washington State Department of Health on the identification, prevention, and control of diseases of animals with public health significance, including epidemiological and environmental health activities. • Coordinate with primary and support agencies and organizations to meet emergency planning and preparedness responsibilities. • Participate in the planning, development and execution of exercises and drills relating to the testing, evaluation and improvement of this ESF. • Coordinate with other support organizations and personnel in developing and implementing a preventative health program for all housed animals Health and Social Services Mass Care Services Public Health, Healthcare, and Emergency Medical Services Page 358 of 457 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 11 - 23 Conservation Commission Natural, Cultural, and Historic Resources • Coordinate NCH resource identification and vulnerability assessments. • Facilitate development and application of protective and conservation measures and strategies. • Perform assessments and surveys to assist with planning and operational decisions. • Monitor response operations to protect sensitive resources. Natural and Cultural Resources Infrastructure Systems Economic Recovery Situational Awareness Conservation Commission (Cont’d) Natural, Cultural, and Historic Resources (Cont’d) • Provide technical advice on mitigating impacts of operations and recommend response actions to minimize damage to natural resources. • Coordinate with ESF #3 and #10 on the removal of debris affecting natural resources. • Assist in determining damage estimates in the communities involved in a disaster. Natural and Cultural Resources Infrastructure Systems Economic Recovery Situational Awareness Department of Commerce General • Assist in determining economic damage estimates in the communities involved in the disaster, along with any collateral economic damage caused by animal and crop disease outbreaks. Economic Recovery Situational Assessment Department of Enterprise Services Animal and Plant Disease and Pest Response • Assists by providing facilities for reception, storage and staging of the National Veterinary Stockpile (NVS), as provided in an interagency agreement during animal disease outbreaks. Logistics and Supply Chain Management Department of Labor and Industries General • Provide guidance and instruction on worker health and safety issues as provided for in state law and agency plans, policies, procedures and/or practices. Environmental Response/Health and Safety Page 359 of 457 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 11 - 24 Department of Transportation Animal and Plant Disease and Pest Response • Assist by providing heavy equipment for animal depopulation operations in the event of an animal disease outbreak. • Assist in determining routes for movement of possibly contaminated carcasses to landfill or proper disposal sites during an animal disease outbreak. Logistics and Supply Chain Management Critical Transportation Emergency Management Division General • As host agency for the State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC), maintain minimum staffing levels for a monitoring posture (Level 3 Activation) as well as the facility itself. Raise activation level at onset of emergency/disaster, or upon request. • Develop and coordinate finalization of Governor’s Proclamation of a State of Emergency. • Serve as authorized representative for requesting interstate capabilities for agriculture, natural, and cultural resource protection through the Emergency Management Assistance Compact (EMAC). Operational Coordination Planning Logistics and Supply Chain Management Food and Drug Administration Food/Feed Safety and Security • Respond jointly with WSDA, DOH and USDA to a food or feed-borne illness or food/feed contamination incident in the state of Washington through the Washington Food/Feed Rapid Response Team (RRT). Public Health, Healthcare, and Emergency Medical Services Law Enforcement General • Assist WSDA representatives in the enforcement of quarantine, hold orders, and food control points. • Provide advice to decision makers at the EOC on law enforcement matters related to the animal response issue at hand. • Coordinate with primary and support agencies and organizations to meet emergency planning and preparedness responsibilities. Mass Care Services Operational Coordination Page 360 of 457 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 11 - 25 Law Enforcement (Cont’d) General (Cont’d) • Participate in the planning, development and execution of exercises and drills relating to the testing, evaluation and improvement of this ESF. Mass Care Services Operational Coordination Local Animal Care Organizations/ Businesses General • Assist in the coordination of donations of animal food, feed, supplies and resources. • Provide advice and information to decision makers at the EOC on activities and unmet needs. • Coordinate with primary and support agencies and organizations to meet emergency planning and preparedness responsibilities. • Participate in the planning, development and execution of exercises and drills relating to the testing, evaluation and improvement of this ESF. • Coordinate with primary and support agencies in developing and implementing a procedure for registering identification data on all animals, alive or dead, in an effort to reunite the animal or carcass with its rightful owner. • Coordinate with other support agencies in developing procedures to provide registration and transport services for companion animals from Red Cross shelters to the closest possible animal shelter. • Register participating organization members through FCEM as emergency workers prior to an animal response event. • Coordinate with other support agencies in documenting the location and capability of facilities that can be used for animal care/sheltering. • Coordinate with other support organizations and personnel in developing and implementing a preventative health program for all housed animals. Page 361 of 457 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 11 - 26 National Alliance of State Animal and Agriculture Emergency Programs Animal and Agriculture Emergency Management • Support WSDA in facilitating state-to-state information and resource sharing. • Support whole community multi-agency coordination with governmental organizations and NGOs engaged in, or coordinating animal response activities. • Provide technical assistance and subject matter expertise regarding animal response issues. Mass Care Services Supply Chain Integrity and Security National Animal Rescue and Shelter Coalition Animal and Agriculture Emergency Management • Assist WSDA and ESF #6 in coordinating an integrated whole community response to meet the disaster response needs of animals, including large animals, household pets and service animals, and their owners. • Support multi-agency coordination with governmental organizations and NGOs engaged in or coordinating animal response activities. • Provide technical assistance and subject matter expertise regarding animal response issues. Mass Care Services Supply Chain Integrity and Security Office of the Attorney General Animal and Plant Disease and Pest Response • Provide direct legal support to the Department of Agriculture to assist agency staff in performance of their emergency support functions including: i. Quarantines, emergency declarations and orders; ii. Urgent issues of statutory authority, delegation, jurisdiction and liability; and iii. Contracts and Interagency Agreement review. Planning Page 362 of 457 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 11 - 27 Office of the Attorney General (Cont’d) Food/Feed Safety and Security • Provide direct legal support to the Departments of Agriculture and Health to assist agency staff in performance of their emergency support functions, including: i. Emergency declarations and orders; ii. Urgent issues of statutory authority, delegation, jurisdiction and liability; iii. Quarantines and public health emergencies; and Contracts and interagency Agreements review. Planning Parks and Recreation Commission Natural, Cultural, and Historic Resources • Coordinate NCH resource identification and vulnerability assessments. • Facilitate development and application of protective measures and strategies in compliance with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act and assists in coordinating with FEMA and EMD. • Provides technical assistance on survey/inventory of cultural resources. • Provides access and technical support on the Washington Information System for Architectural and Archaeological Records Data (WISSAARD) database of cultural resources. • Monitor response operations to protect sensitive resources. • Provide technical advice on mitigating impacts of operations and recommend response actions to minimize damage to natural and cultural resources. • Coordinate with ESF #3 and #10 on the removal of debris affecting NCH resources. Natural and Cultural Resources Infrastructure Systems Economic Recovery Situational Awareness Page 363 of 457 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 11 - 28 U.S. Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Disease and Pest Response • Respond jointly with WSDA and WDFW in the event of an animal disease outbreak in the state of Washington. • Respond jointly with WSDA in the event of a plant disease outbreak or pest introduction/infestation in the state of Washington. Food/Feed Safety and Security • Respond jointly with WSDA, DOH and FDA to a food borne illness outbreak or food/feed contamination incident in the state of Washington linked to USDA regulated food through the Washington Food/Feed Rapid Response Team (RRT). Supply Chain Integrity and Security Mass Care Services Washington State Utilities and Transportation Commission Animal and Plant Disease and Pest Response • Provide rate regulation and safety compliance for transportation haulers. Critical Transportation Water Utilities General • Develop contingency plans. • Arrange for portable water for areas where service is interrupted as a result of emergency conditions. Supply Chain Integrity and Security VI. RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS Resources required by this function may include the shelters covered in Table 6-1 of ESF 6 - Mass Care. Additional resources include the personnel and ancillary equipment necessary to distribute food and water to populations in mass care centers. Training and public education materials are needed to mitigate the consequences of a breakdown in food and water distribution systems or other loss of food and water resources. Medical supplies and expertise are covered under ESF 8. Public Works equipment is covered under ESF 3, and donated materials, allocation and resource management are covered under ESF 7. Additional resource requirements may be found in the operating guidance and implementing procedures of the organizations involved. VII. REFERENCES Page 364 of 457 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 11 - 29 See Appendix 3 VIII. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS See Appendix 4 Page 365 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 12: Energy & Utilities 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 12 - 1 EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 12 ENERGY & UTILITIES Primary Agency: Bureau of Reclamation Franklin County PUD #1 Big Bend Electric Cooperative Army Corps of Engineers Bonneville Power Administration Irrigation Districts (South Columbia Basin) Cascade Natural Gas Chevron Pipeline Williams Pipeline Telephone Companies Support Agencies: Franklin County Emergency Management Elected Officials I. INTRODUCTION A. Purpose The purpose of this ESF is to provide for effective use of available electric power, natural gas, and petroleum products required to meet essential needs, and to facilitate restoration of energy systems affected by an emergency or disaster. B. Scope This ESF outlines the procedures Franklin County local government and emergency management will take to assist energy and utility providers in providing essential services to local government and the public during and recovering from emergencies and disasters. II. POLICIES A. Restoration of normal operations at energy facilities is the responsibility of the facility owners, managers and operators. Local government support while desired, may be limited. Local energy and utility providers will follow their policies, standards and procedures. B. All energy/utility providers, whether publicly or privately owned, should be prepared to respond to energy related needs resulting from an emergency or disaster. Many utilities work under an agreement which may mandate emergency and preparedness plans. Page 366 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 12: Energy & Utilities 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 12 - 2 C. Applicable state and federal laws and regulations apply, including those issued through the Washington State Utilities and Transportation Commission. III. SITUATION A. Emergency/Disaster Conditions and Hazards Emergencies, both natural (tornadoes, floods, and droughts) and technological (contamination of water supplies, etc.) can have profound effects on the public utilities in Franklin County. The ability to quickly restore damaged water, power, telephone and sewer systems is essential to minimizing the health, safety and economic impact of a disaster. B. Planning Assumptions 1. Policies and procedures for response to emergencies may be established by each operator of a public utility in Franklin County. 2. During and after emergencies, public utilities will operate within their authorized service areas and according to their respective charters. 3. Requests for energy and water resources that cannot be filled locally will be forwarded through Emergency Management channels to State government. 4. Delays in the production, refining and delivery of petroleum-based products may occur as a result of transportation infrastructure problems and loss of commercial electrical power. IV. CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS A. General 1. Types of public utilities providing services in Franklin County are electric, gas, water, sewer, and telephones. 2. Responding to energy or petroleum shortages or disruptions and their effects is necessary for the preservation of the public health, safety and general welfare of Franklin County citizens. The Emergency Coordination Center will be responsible for collecting information on damaged water and energy resources and for identifying requirements to repair those systems. The ECC will also coordinate for temporary sources of emergency fuel and power. B. Organization 1. ELECTRIC UTILITIES The electric utilities in Franklin County, relying on the trained and experienced personnel of the companies Page 367 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 12: Energy & Utilities 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 12 - 3 involved and the power pool concept, have developed the capability to provide power even under the most extreme conditions. The Franklin County area is served by the Franklin County Public Utility District No. 1 and Big Bend Electric Cooperative Inc. 2. WATER UTILITIES Water supply systems within the County are both publicly and privately owned systems which are organized at municipal and district levels. The City of Pasco operates its own water treatment and distribution facilities. The primary agencies serving the County area are South Columbia Basin Irrigation District, Franklin County Irrigation District and municipalities/land owners which have their own water systems. 3. NATURAL GAS Natural gas is provided by the Cascade Natural Gas Corporation. Distribution of natural gas is subject to control by the Federal government in response to supply and demand, as well as being regulated by the Washington State Utilities and Transportation Commission. 4. TELEPHONE Telephone service is provided by CenturyLink and Century Tel, both of whom have toll lines that run throughout the County. Cellular phone service is provided by a variety of carriers. C. Procedures 1. The energy and utility systems will continue to provide services through their normal means based on established procedures to the maximum extent possible. 2. Energy and utility information should be furnished to local emergency government officials to inform the local public on the safe use of services. Energy and utility companies should compile preliminary damage assessment reports and transmit them to the ECC as needed or upon request. 3. The ECC will collect, evaluate and report conditions to public safety and other impacted agencies and organizations. 4. Energy and utility companies should provide representation to the ECC as requires. D. Mitigation Activities Energy and utility providers should attempt to design, locate and install systems and facilities so that they are the least vulnerable to known hazards. When repairing damages, every attempt should be made to reduce the likelihood and Page 368 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 12: Energy & Utilities 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 12 - 4 severity of future damages. Providers are encouraged to take preventive actions to reduce or eliminate the effects of natural hazards. E. Preparedness Activities 1. All public utilities will maintain emergency call lists, operating procedures and emergency resources and update them as needed. 2. Franklin County Emergency Management will develop guidelines for priority use of public utility resources where they may be insufficient to meet essential needs, and coordinate with local Public Information Officers in the preparation of news releases to inform the public of conservation and safety measures. F. Response Activities 1. Energy and Utility Providers a. Energy, utility and petroleum companies will compile damage assessment and situation reports and transmit them to FCEM/Emergency Coordination Center (ECC). b. If local control measures are necessary local providers will work with FCEM/ECC and the legislative authorities in the establishment and activation of those measures. c. Each provider will compile damage assessment reports and transmit them to FCEM/ECC. d. If a provider needs additional resources, outside of established mutual aid or other agreements, requests for assistance will be coordinated with FCEM/ECC. e. Provide FCEM with information on the public’s use of services. f. Determine the status of energy sources available to Franklin County. g. Assess energy and utility service system capabilities. h. Coordinate, as appropriate, with federal, state and local officials to identify and establish priorities to repair and restore damaged systems. i. Coordinate sources of emergency fuel supplies for essential operations. j. Coordinate public information dissemination relative to emergency energy and utility capabilities and usage. k. Maintain liaison with FCEM/ECC to keep them informed on the situation. 2. Franklin County Emergency Management/Emergency Coordination Center (ECC) a. Coordinate emergency activities b. Coordinate assistance for providers needing additional resources, outside of established mutual aid or other agreements. c. Provide energy, utility and petroleum information to county, city, state Page 369 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 12: Energy & Utilities 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 12 - 5 and federal officials, including information to the Washington State Military Department, Emergency Management Division (WAEMD)/ State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC) as needed or requested. d. Inform the public on the proper use of services and current situation status. e. Assist with determination of the requirements for restoration. These assessments will be relayed to the WAEMD/SEOC for evaluation, as appropriate. f. Coordinate with public and private energy and utility providers to facilitate the repair of damaged energy systems. g. Work with the emergency Public Information Officer (PIO) to prepare media releases and participate in media interviews. 3. Washington State a. The control of any energy source is only possible at the state level and only after the Governor has signed a Disaster Proclamation. b. State authorities can access local petroleum suppliers and major oil companies to facilitate the delivery of adequate amounts of emergency fuel supplies. F. Recovery Activities 1. Energy and Utility Providers a. Coordinate with FCEM/ECC to determine priorities among users if adequate utility supply is not available to meet all essential needs. b. If needed, request additional assistance from WAEMD/SEOC through FCEM/ECC. c. Assist in the administration of energy allocation programs in accordance with the Governor’s emergency powers. d. Compile damage and operational capability reports and provide them to FCEM/ECC. e. Provide liaison between the utilities and FCEM/ECC f. Provide coordinated emergency public information to FCEM/ECC. 2. Franklin County Emergency Management a. Provide coordinated emergency public information from utility and energy providers. b. Provide damage and operational capability reports to county, city and state government officials V. RESPONSIBILITIES A. Primary Agency 1. Energy and Utility Providers Page 370 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 12: Energy & Utilities 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 12 - 6 a. Establish and maintain emergency procedures. b. Coordinate emergency actions and activities with FCEM/ECC and will be prepared to provide a liaison to the ECC when requested. c. Assist with development, coordination and support of energy and utility conservation policies and programs; and establishing priority systems for the curtailment or reduction of services, restoration of services, and provisions for emergency services. d. Cooperate with voluntary requests for conservation and control measures. e. Work and coordinate with BCEM/EOC and Washington State Military Department, Emergency Management Division (WAEMD/State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC) to establish necessary priorities and control measures, as required. B. Support Agencies: 1. Franklin County Emergency Management/ Emergency Coordination Center (ECC) a. Maintain inventories of energy and utility providers and emergency resources. b. Coordinate information between agencies and utilities, both private and public. c. Coordinate activities and requests for outside resources with Washington State EMD/EOC. d. In conjunction with ECC operations, advise Franklin County and city legislative authorities on potential emergency actions. e. Keep Washington State EMD/EOC advised of energy status and any need for outside assistance until energy sources are back to normal operations. f. Keep the public informed with coordination of Energy/Utilities spokesperson(s)/PIOs. 2. United State Army Corps of Engineers a. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers will act as needed in response to flooding under Public Law 84-99. The Corps will also provide support to state and local engineering efforts if a Presidential Major Disaster Declaration is in effect and if FEMA has issued a mission assignment to the Corps. b. VI. RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS Each support agency has general-purpose and specialized equipment and resources that may be useful in emergency conditions. Inventories of these resources will not be maintained as part of this plan but will maintained as part of the Operations Coordinator’s working references in the ECC. Page 371 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 12: Energy & Utilities 2021 – CEMP p. ESF 12 - 7 1. Outside resource requirements will be determined by the Washington SEOC. 2. The Washington State Department of Commerce is expected to provide the materials and equipment in an energy emergency. VII. REFERENCES Washington State Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan (CEMP), ESF 12 – Energy. See Appendix 3 VIII. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS See Appendix 4 Page 372 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 13: Public Safety, Law Enforcement, and Security 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 13 - 1 EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 13 PUBLIC SAFETY, LAW ENFORCEMENT AND SECURITY Primary Agency: Franklin County Sheriff's Office Pasco Police Department Connell Police Department Washington State Patrol Port of Pasco/Airport Police Support Agencies: Franklin County Emergency Management Southeast Communications Center (SECOMM) B/F Mounted Sheriff’s Posse Washington State National Guard Columbia Basin College Security Coyote Ridge Correctional Center Moon Security Phoenix Security I. INTRODUCTION A. Purpose The purpose of this ESF is to address public safety and security capabilities and resources to support the full range of incident management activities associated with emergencies and disasters. B. Scope 1. This ESF provides a mechanism for coordinating and providing adequate support to authorities for law enforcement, public safety and security capabilities and resources an emergency or disaster situation. This includes normal law enforcement responsibilities such as evacuation and movement of the public away from a hazard area and enforcing limited access to hazardous or isolation areas. 2. The capabilities within this ESF support incident management requirements including critical infrastructure protection, security planning, technical assistance and public safety in both pre and post incident situations. This ESF is typically activated in situations requiring extensive assistance to provide for public safety and security. II. POLICIES A. Local authorities have the primary responsibility of public safety at the local level. The Franklin County Sheriff is the chief law enforcement official for the Page 373 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 13: Public Safety, Law Enforcement, and Security 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 13 - 2 county and is responsible for all law enforcement activities during a county wide emergency or disaster. In the event that an emergency or disaster is entirely within the incorporated municipality of Pasco or Connell then the chief law enforcement official is the Chief of Police for that municipality. Additional support and mutual aid may be requested through the state. B. Each supporting agency is responsible for managing its assets after receiving direction from the primary agency at the ECC/EOC. On-scene assets will be coordinated by Incident Command in conjunction with the ECC/EOC for the incident. The agencies within the limits of their resources and authority coordinate written agreements with other local, state, federal law enforcement organizations to support essential law enforcement operations. C. In the context of this ESF, local resources include the Franklin County Sheriff’s Office and reserve officers and law enforcement agencies of the incorporated cities and towns of Franklin County. Other resources include but may not be limited to fire, public safety offices, Coyote Ridge Correctional Center, emergency medical services and SECOMM 9-1-1 dispatch. D. Local resources are integrated into the incident command structure using the National Incident Management System principles and protocols. III. SITUATION A. Emergency/Disaster Conditions and Hazards 1. Emergencies or disasters can occur in rural or heavily populated areas, and can occur at any time or any season. The management of multiple law enforcement officers and agencies can be quite complex. Law enforcement emergencies or disasters can occur independently, or along with other man-made or natural disasters. 2. Nearly any emergency or disaster, from whatever cause, will require the active participation of law enforcement personnel to support effective response. Law enforcement responder roles will include traffic and crowd control, security for vital facilities and supplies, controlling access and egress at operating scenes and vacated areas, preventing crimes against people and property, and protecting key officials. 3. Under some emergency conditions, law enforcement and the maintenance of order are the principal operational activities. Such emergencies include hostage situations, riot, civil disturbances and terrorist acts. B. Assumptions 1. Supplemental assistance can be requested from other law enforcement agencies and such assistance is requested, agencies will work in a Unified Command structure. Unified Command allows designated agency heads Page 374 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 13: Public Safety, Law Enforcement, and Security 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 13 - 3 the ability to collaboratively assess the need for additional resources and identify which agency can provide the required assistance. Under Unified Command, each agency retains deployment control of their agency resources with the ability to deploy resources to the local law enforcement agency with jurisdiction or agency requesting assistance. 2. Mutual aid agreements with the Benton County Sheriff’s Office, Kennewick, Richland, West Richland and Prosser Police Departments, as well as other regional law enforcement agencies are available to provide additional support to Franklin County. 3. If needed, Washington National Guard support can be requested to augment local capabilities for crowd control, patrolling disaster-affected areas and similar security assignments. Such requests would be processed through the Franklin County Emergency Coordination Center to the Washington State Emergency Operations Center. IV. CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS A. General 1. In time of an emergency or disaster, law enforcement agencies are called upon to perform a wide range of functions. These include, but are not limited to, warning and evacuation, search and rescue, emergency medical services, communications access, traffic control and enforcement of emergency traffic regulations. 2. When local law enforcement resources are exhausted, supplemental assistance may be requested through local and state emergency management channels. 3. The Washington State Patrol will coordinate statewide emergency or disaster law enforcement activities. 4. In order to facilitate coordination between and among the participating units and agencies, the Incident Command System will be utilized. 5. The Incident Commander, regardless of rank, has the authority to request support and assistance from the Franklin County Emergency Coordination Center (ECC). 6. Law enforcement agencies have the right to have a representative at the Franklin County ECC. The primary law enforcement jurisdiction, or jurisdiction in which the emergency or disaster originates, will send a representative to the ECC unless they have authorized another agency to represent them. 7. Law enforcement services are the responsibility of the individual jurisdiction. The emergency mission of law enforcement is within the traditional scope of activities which include responsibility for movement control, for peacekeeping, and for maintaining security, including suppressing crimes against people and property. 8. Law enforcement agencies will coordinate with Emergency Management to identify the populations and plan routes for evacuation. It may be Page 375 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 13: Public Safety, Law Enforcement, and Security 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 13 - 4 necessary to direct evacuees to areas of safety or shelters. B. Organization 1. Law enforcement operations are conducted by local jurisdictions and agencies within the limits of their resources and authority. They are governed by their jurisdictions ordinances, as well as the Revised Code of Washington (RCW) and Washington Administrative Code (WAC). There are RCWs relating to emergency and disaster operations. (Chapter 38.52 RCW, Chapter 70.136 RCW, Chapter 10.93 RCW, etc). 2. Coordination of any state level law enforcement support will be performed by the Washington State Patrol. 3. The Franklin County Sheriff’s Office is under the direction of the elected County Sheriff. 4. Pasco and Connell Police Departments are municipal Police Departments operated by their respective cities. In each case, the Chief of Police, responsible for the operation of the department, reports to the Mayor, City Manager or City Council. 5. The Washington State Patrol is the state law enforcement agency. Two detachments are located at the Kennewick office in Benton County. The Kennewick detachment reports to the Yakima district office, the head of the Yakima detachment reports to the Chief of the WSP in Olympia. The Chief of the WSP is appointed by and reports to the Governor. C. Mitigation Activities The Franklin County Sheriff’s Office and local police departments establish mutual aid agreements with other law enforcement organizations per Chapter 10.93 RCW. The Sheriff and local police departments conduct special planning activities with other agencies, facilities or community events which require special security, public safety or traffic control operations. The support agencies in this plan each have their own proactive approaches to risk reduction. Each agency promotes information about prevention and safety. D. Preparedness Activities Preparedness activities for Law Enforcement include: 1. Development and maintenance resource inventories and emergency plans and procedures. 2. Ensuring that officers are familiar with procedures and response in accordance with this plan. Participate in training, drills and exercises. Page 376 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 13: Public Safety, Law Enforcement, and Security 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 13 - 5 E. Response Activities Based on the type and size of incident, a variety of outside resources may be needed. It is critical for law enforcement or any other emergency services provider first on the scene to provide an accurate and timely size up. An Incident Commander (or Liaison with other agencies Commander) must be identified. The Incident Commander (IC) needs to promptly identify a staging area, and assign a staging officer. The IC will assign personnel to specific areas or tasks, and coordinate and assign resources. Law enforcement may need to coordinate their command with fire service or emergency medical service command, and special groups such as the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF), Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), or other government agencies may also be involved. 1. Franklin County Emergency Management will assist as requested in emergency public information concerning emergency law enforcement activities with the department Public Information Officer. 2. The Franklin County Sheriff's Office will function as the law enforcement coordinator for county-wide disasters. Municipal departments will retain all authority for activities within their jurisdictions. 3. City Police Departments and Franklin County Sheriff’s Office will provide Franklin County Emergency Management with assessments of damage and resource requests. 4. If disaster magnitude warrants, affected jurisdictions will provide a Law Enforcement representative to the Franklin County Emergency Coordination Center. 5. Law enforcement agencies will establish access and traffic control points and provide security at emergency centers (mass care, reception, etc. facilities) as required. 6. The FCSO is the lead for evacuations in the county as well as search and rescue. F. Recovery Activities City Police Departments and the Franklin County Sheriff's Office will provide for priority recovery actions, including: maintaining security of critical facilities, controlling access to areas affected by the disaster, and providing information concerning law enforcement activities that will be of assistance to the general public. Page 377 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 13: Public Safety, Law Enforcement, and Security 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 13 - 6 1. Each department, agency and individual shall maintain accurate records of the incident. They will be responsible for maintaining disaster and recovery expense records for future possible reimbursement. Financial issues such as supplies used, equipment lost or damaged, wages for hours worked including overtime, and other costs require documentation before reimbursement is issued. If emergency vehicles, communications equipment, or stations are damaged, special contracts may be needed for their quick repair or replacement, and temporary or long-term arrangements may be needed. During the recovery phase, it is imperative to maintain communication and coordination with the ECC/EOC. Law enforcement departments may provide public information regarding safety issues as people return to their homes and businesses. Departments, districts, and individuals involved in the emergency or disaster should participate in post event reviews and critiques, and contribute to written reports regarding observations and recommendations. 2. City Police Departments and the Benton County Sheriff's Office will provide for priority recovery actions, including: maintaining security of critical facilities, controlling access to areas affected by the disaster, and providing information concerning law enforcement activities that will be of assistance to the general public. 3. Support for the law enforcement personnel is also part of recovery and returning to normal operations. This support may include counseling, or Critical Incident Stress Management (CISM). Law enforcement departments will continue to communicate with the EOC and coordinate recovery activities, as priorities and resources allow. They will continue to assist with damage assessment reports and other requirements necessary for obtaining financial assistance for the County and involved cities or towns. V. RESPONSIBILITIES A. Primary Agency 1. Provide a liaison to the Franklin County ECC and assume overall control of law enforcement in Franklin County. 2. Establish Access Control and Traffic Control points as appropriate and maintain law and order. 3. Provide traffic and crowd control, and assist emergency response units in getting to and from the event scene. 4. Provide security of the disaster area and accompanying traffic control, as well as security for the Emergency Coordination/Operations Center and key response facilities, as deemed necessary by the Emergency Manager. Page 378 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 13: Public Safety, Law Enforcement, and Security 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 13 - 7 5. Assist the fire departments in carrying out warnings and evacuations as needed. 6. Upon receipt of confirmed information that an emergency, disaster, or civil disturbance has occurred or is threatening, the on-duty Sheriff's supervisor shall be responsible for initiating notification of personnel pursuant to department notification procedures. 7. Law enforcement personnel are mobilized for alert and notification through SECOMM. B. Support Agencies 1. Washington State Patrol WSP is primarily responsible for the control of state and interstate highways. When necessary, WSP will provide a representative to the Franklin County Emergency Coordination Center. WSP will also provide support to the local law enforcement agencies, as required. 2. Franklin County Emergency Management Franklin County Emergency Management will assist the Franklin County Sheriff's Office and City Police Departments in coordinating law enforcement functions with the other operating agencies, and will provide the Emergency Coordination/Operations Center Law Enforcement representatives with the support necessary to fulfill their responsibilities. Franklin County Emergency Management can serve as the central point of contact for law enforcement requests for specific State and Federal disaster-related assets and services, and provide logistical and other support to all law enforcement agencies upon request. VI. RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS The primary and support agencies will provide their own internal support, such as vehicles, and equipment for their staff. Support agencies will provide enforcement and commissioned officers, vehicles, and equipment, as requested, if available VII. REFERENCES See Appendix 3 VIII. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS See Appendix 4 Page 379 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 14: Long-Term Community Recovery and Mitigation 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 14 - 1 EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 14 LONG-TERM COMMUNITY RECOVERY AND MITIGATION Primary Agency: Elected Officials Franklin County Emergency Management Franklin County Assessor’s Office Franklin County Public Works Washington State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC) Support Agencies: American Red Cross Elected Officials I. INTRODUCTION A. Purpose ESF 14 provides a framework for local government support to non-governmental Organizations (NGOs) and the private sector. It is designed to enable community recovery from the long term consequences of a disaster, to provide for effective coordination for recovery and restoration tasks, including assessment of damages. This support consists of the available programs and resources of local departments and agencies to enable recovery and to reduce mitigate or eliminate risk from future incidents where possible. B. Scope The concepts in ESF 14 apply to appropriate local government departments and agencies following a disaster or an Incident of National Significance that affects the long term recovery of a community. Support and resources may vary depending upon the extent and type of incident and the potential for long-term consequences, and the need for restoration. ESF 14 will likely be activated for large scale events that require local government assistance to address impacts in areas such as housing, business, employment, and infrastructure. This ESF may also be activated for smaller scale events when necessary. II. POLICIES A. Local government agencies provide recovery assistance to the affected areas while coordinating activities and assessments of need for additional assistance through the ESF 14 coordinator. For most events, these activities begin at the Emergency Coordination Center (ECC) where staff works to gather date regarding the extent of damages. B. Local government support is based on the type, extent, and duration of the event and recovery period. Should the event exhaust local resources and mutual aid agreements, a county Disaster Declaration will be prepared, signed by the County Commissioners and sent to the Washington State Military Department, Page 380 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 14: Long-Term Community Recovery and Mitigation 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 14 - 2 Emergency Management Division (WAEMD)/State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC). Should the event exhaust State resources, the Federal government will be asked to provide assistance. C. In the wake of a catastrophic disaster, the Governor may direct the formation of a Washington State Recovery and Restoration Task Force (RRTF). The purpose of the RRTF is to recommend and coordinate efforts to restore normalcy to areas adversely impacted by the disaster. D. Emergencies or disasters involving radiological materials will require special attention in the recovery and restoration phase. Activation of a RRTF can be expected if such an event were to occur. E. Long-term community recovery and mitigation efforts are focused on permanent restoration with emphasis on the mitigation of future impacts of disaster where possible. The Franklin County Hazard Mitigation Plan, published separately, identifies mitigation actions to reduce the risks associated with potential losses within Franklin County. F. When it is apparent that local jurisdictions will qualify for federal disaster relief, a preliminary damage assessment (PDA) process must be completed. Emergency Management co-leads the PDA effort with quick evaluations of affected areas normally accomplished by driving through the affected areas for assessment. G. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) will provide recovery and restoration assistance through application when the damages exceed, or are expected to exceed, the capabilities of Franklin County and Cities. FEMA provides a “Guide to The Disaster Declaration Process and Federal Disaster Assistance” to assist the local entities through the application process. III. SITUATION A. Emergency/Disaster Conditions and Hazards Emergencies such as floods, earthquakes, and fires can severely disrupt the normal functioning of government and damage the infrastructure of Franklin County. Schools, offices, homes, utilities, roads and other community resources will need to be repaired and/or restored after a disaster. B. Planning Assumptions 1. An emergency or disaster has occurred causing significant damage so as to require recovery and restoration activities. 2. The lessons learned from an event can provide guidance for new mitigation strategies to be implemented. 3. Local jurisdictions will support and act upon the recommendations of the Page 381 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 14: Long-Term Community Recovery and Mitigation 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 14 - 3 Recovery Task Force (RTF). 4. If a Presidential Disaster Declaration has been made, the State of Washington will form a RTF and the Franklin County will prepare to support that group. 5. If a Presidential Disaster Declaration has been made, there will be federal assistance coming and a Disaster Recovery Assistance Center (DRAC) will need to be established. IV. CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS A. General 1. Each political subdivision, special purpose district, public utility, agency and organization will: • Complete a detailed damage assessment process. • Coordinate recovery and restoration activities with FCEM ECC/EOC and WA SEOC. • Apply for public assistance programs, if eligible. • Designate an ‘Agency Representative” responsible for all recovery activities. • Work with the Damage Survey Report (DSR) teams to verify and document eligible assistance projects. 2. Each agency or organization is responsible for recovery costs within existing budget limitations. If costs exceed existing budget authority, the legislative authority of the respective jurisdiction needs to provide appropriate action. 3. Each agency or organization is responsible for documenting all disaster related costs and activities. 4. The FCEM ECC/EOC will coordinate priorities for recovery activities if the situation warrants. 5. WA SEOC will coordinate private sector assistance program availability and work with the Public Information Officer (PIO) to disseminate all pertinent information to the general public. 6. Local public and private utility service providers will restore services based on their policies and procedures and will coordinate pertinent activities with the FCEM ECC/EOC and with SEOC. 7. The RTF will serve as the guidance group to the Governor on a program of continuation of recovery and restoration. They will focus on: • Deterring the economic and environmental impact of the recovery to the state and the county, their citizens, property, business, and industry. Page 382 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 14: Long-Term Community Recovery and Mitigation 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 14 - 4 • Determining the immediate measures necessary to continue recovery such as: contamination clean up; control of adulterated food; and financial aid and compensation. B. Organization 1. Franklin County will ensure that appropriate individuals are made available to work with any RTF that comes into Franklin County. 2. FCEM will help coordinate recovery and restoration programs and activities. 3. Each political subdivision, special purpose district, public utility, agency and organization will designate an Agency Representative responsible for recovery activities. 4. State and federal disaster assistance program coordinators will provide assistance and guidance to local entities on assistance programs. 5. State and federal teams in cooperation with the respective Agency Representatives will conduct DSRs for all eligible applicants C. Procedures 1. Recovery and restoration operations begin in the county and are based on the damage assessment reports received. 2. Recovery and restoration operations will be conducted from the FCEM ECC/EOC or other established location. This process will continue until the function is no longer necessary. Recovery and restoration operations may include, but not limited to: a. Establishing of a recovery task force. b. Prioritization of activities. c. Providing support to local entities, state and federal teams. d. Providing necessary and requested information. e. Providing reports and situation updates. f. Coordination requirements. 3. If Franklin County is declared a federal disaster area, an applicant briefing will be held to inform all eligible agencies of the process to apply for assistance and what assistance might be available through public assistance programs. 4. If individual assistance programs are available, individuals should apply for assistance themselves. The FCEM ECC/EOC, SEOC and program liaisons will notify the public on program procedures. Page 383 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 14: Long-Term Community Recovery and Mitigation 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 14 - 5 5. The FCEM ECC/EOC and WA SEOC will assist in providing the private sector with contacts of other organizations or sources of assistance as appropriate. D. Mitigation Activities 1. When repairing and restoring services and facilities, each entity is encouraged to investigate alternative plans and activities to potentially reduce future damages and impacts. 2. After a federally declared disaster, a mitigation grant program is usually available. Local entities should investigate possible projects for reducing future disaster damage and losses. The FCEM ECC/EOC and SEOC will assist local entities with the process. E. Preparedness Activities 1. Identifying generic criteria for entering recovery. 2. Preparing agency checklists for recovery and restoration. 3. Conducting drills/exercises to test the generic recovery criteria and checklists against various hypothetical emergency conditions. 4. .Develop and maintain a liaison with Franklin County, city, state, federal agencies and organizations that can provide assistance in recovery and restoration activities. F. Response Activities During the response phase of an emergency, data on the extent of damage needs to start to be collected and tabulated. This will be centralized in the FCEM ECC/EOC or other designated facility and all responders in the field need to be advised of the need to report whatever damage they observe. The ECC may need to activate Damage Survey Report (DSR) Teams while the response to an emergency is still in process. The Emergency Chairperson will determine when the emergency or disaster condition can be downgraded and recovery initiated. G. Recovery Activities The recovery and restoration phase of a disaster may actually last for years. The activities that take place during this phase will depend on the type of event that occurred. During the initial part of the recovery phase it will be coordinated out of the FCEM ECC/EOC or other designated facility. When the situation reaches the point that the ECC/EOC can be deactivated, follow-up activities will include: Page 384 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 14: Long-Term Community Recovery and Mitigation 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 14 - 6 1. The Emergency Chairperson will designate a Recovery Team to coordinate the stand-down of response assets and initiation of recovery and restoration activities. Resources necessary for the recovery and restoration will be identified and notified of their assignments before any order to stand down is issued. 2. The Emergency Chairperson and the Recovery Team leader will define the goals and priorities of the recovery/restoration effort. 3. The Recovery Team leader will coordinate with the assigned resources to ensure a smooth transition into recovery status. 4. Decision points and criteria will be identified for activities such as allowing people to return to evacuated areas, restoration of utilities and services, and closure of mass care facilities. 5. Upon ECC/EOC deactivation, follow-up coordination will be assigned to a specific agency such as FCEM, Public Works Department or a community-based NGO type entity. 6. Incident actions will be reviewed and critiqued. 7. Continue documentation and reporting on all disaster recovery activities. V. RESPONSIBILITIES Emergency Manager/Commissioners/Elected Officials 1. Coordinate the recovery and restoration tasks following an emergency or disaster. 2. Ensure that damage assessment data is collected and tabulated. 3. Ensure that facilities and logistical support are made available to state and federal personnel that come into Franklin County to assist with recovery and restoration activities, such as an RTF and DRAC. Franklin County Emergency Management/Coordination Center 1. Coordinate the recovery and restoration activities with potential disaster assistance programs. 2. Provide information and guidance to policy makers concerning issues of recovery and restoration. 3. Assist in the public information activities including public announcements on recovery and restoration and instructions on applying for assistance programs. Page 385 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 14: Long-Term Community Recovery and Mitigation 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 14 - 7 4. Provide staff assistance for the Recovery Task Force team. 5. Support information requests for recovery and restoration activities. 6. Provide for liaison with agencies that support recovery and restoration. 7. Provide liaison between the Franklin County agencies, organizations, state and federal agencies dealing with recovery efforts. 8. Ensure that Disaster Proclamation(s) and damage assessment data is transmitted to the WA SEOC. All Jurisdiction/Agencies The county, and cities within Franklin County, will need to make any and all of their assets available to assist with the recovery and restoration within their jurisdiction. A jurisdiction’s own assets must be utilized before state and federal assistance can be expected. Additional responsibilities include: 1. Document all disaster related activities and costs. 2. Inventory all damages and losses and develop an action plan for recovery and restoration activities. 3. Conduct recovery and restoration tasks in coordination with the FCEM ECC/EOC, SEOC and federal assistance program guidelines. 4. Support and coordinate with FCEM ECC/EOC and SEOC in the conduct of recovery and restoration activities. 5. Coordinate all pertinent disaster recovery information for the general public with the PIO. 6. County Assessor will advise citizens on property reassessment as a result of disaster damages. 7. Building and Planning officials will work with persons on site safety inspection, permits, and codes for disaster recovery activities. 8. Franklin County Auditor, Treasurer and City financial officers will assist in disaster recovery accounting and fiscal activities. 9. Review and critique all actions and activities for possible future modifications and updates to the FCEM ECC/EOC procedures and the Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan. VI. RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS Page 386 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 14: Long-Term Community Recovery and Mitigation 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 14 - 8 The resources necessary to accomplish long and short-term recovery will be determined by the situation and established by the RTF. Mitigation resources will be assessed and utilized as the situation allows. VII. REFERENCES See Appendix 3 VIII. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS See Appendix 4 Page 387 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 15: Public Affairs 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 15 - 1 EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 15 PUBLIC AFFAIRS Primary Agency: Elected Officials Franklin County Emergency Management Supporting Agencies: Local Jurisdictions Volunteer Organizations I. INTRODUCTION A. Purpose The purpose of this Emergency Support Function (ESF) is to provide guidelines for an efficient and coordinated continuous flow of timely information and instruction to the public using all available communications media prior to, during, and immediately following an emergency or disaster. B. Scope ESF 15 coordinates actions to provide public affairs support to local incident management operations and elements. It identifies the support positions necessary for coordinating communications to the general public. This ESF applies to all local agencies within Franklin County. The provisions of the ESF apply to any event designated by the Director of Emergency Management or Elected Officials where significant interagency coordination is necessary. II. POLICIES A. Life-safety information and instruction to the public has first priority for release. B. Mission assignments to county agencies or jurisdictions for public affairs should be agreed upon by those entities prior to an actual emergency or disaster. C. Emergency public information actions before, during, and following any emergency will be determined by the severity of the situation as declared by involved entities, or as perceived by the public. D. Local jurisdictions and other response organizations will be notified when an emergency or disaster has occurred that requires an emergency public information response. Page 388 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 15: Public Affairs 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 15 - 2 E. The Emergency Alert System (EAS) is activated as the principal means to disseminate emergency warnings and priority emergency instructions to the public. F. Activation of CodeRED, an electronic telephonic notification system (ETNS) will be used to alert populations in specific geographic locations to provide information or instructions on the emergency. CodeRED may be used to enhance EAS notifications to the public utilizing IPAWS/WEA capabilities of CodeRED to target specific/localized areas. Use of these systems will be conducted in compliance with Appendix 9 – Limited English Proficiency. III. SITUATION A. Emergency/Disaster Conditions and Hazards A natural or human-caused emergency or disaster may occur at any time. B. Assumptions 1. An incident has occurred and public perception is such that people believe they have been placed in danger by a natural or human-caused emergency or disaster. 2. The event requires responding agencies to provide instructions and information to the public about the incident and actions people should take to save and protect life, property, economy and the environment. 3. Responding agencies will provide information to reduce public concerns about the incident and response activities. IV. WHOLE COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT & NON-DISCRIMINATION A. The “Whole Community” includes individuals, families, and households; communities; the private and nonprofit sectors; faith-based organizations; and local, tribal, state and federal governments. This ESF is committed to communicating with the Whole Community as needed during emergency response and disaster recovery operations. The Whole Community includes populations with Limited English Proficiency (LEP), individuals with disabilities, and Access and Functional Needs (AFN). For more information on how Franklin County Emergency Management complies with Limited English Proficiency law, please refer to the Limited English Proficiency Appendix 9. IV. CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS A. General Page 389 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 15: Public Affairs 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 15 - 3 1. The county and cities are responsible for providing their citizens with information on impending or existing emergencies, to include immediate protective action they should take, such as sheltering or evacuation. 2. Public affairs resources are coordinated by the Public Information Officer at the Emergency Coordination/Operations Center (ECC/EOC) or Incident Command. The Assigned PIO at the ECC/EOC coordinates messages with public information officer(s) from all agencies. 3. A JIC may be activated, if the situation warrants. The JIC will likely be at an off-site location, such as the Federal Building in Richland, or the Columbia Generating Station JIC, or Benton-Franklin Health Department building. Agencies involved will staff telephones and coordinate media activities. 4. If a JIC is not activated Franklin County will participate in the Joint Information System (JIS) when available. Jurisdictions that contribute to the JIS do not lose their identities or responsibility for their own programs or policies. Private industry is encouraged to designate their own PIO for their emergencies and FCEM will be in a support role to those PIOs as appropriate. The JIS will utilized conference calling, web-based meeting programs etc. to coordinate information and distribution of information. 5. All county agencies and jurisdictions are responsible for providing the PIO with appropriate information about the incident, and actions needed to save lives and protect property. Generally, if a JIC is stood up, a representative from each of the involved county agencies will be assigned to the JIC. B. Organization/Information Support Structure 1. During a declared emergency, the PIO will work out of the FCEM ECC/EOC unless a JIC is activated. Media briefings usually will not be conducted at the ECC, due to space and congestion issues. 2. The PIO will keep the Washington State Department of the Military Emergency Management Division (WAEMD), Washington State Emergency Operations Center (SEOC) informed of the local situation and of any public affairs assistance that might be needed. 3. Emergency Management or designee has the responsibility to appoint a staff member to the position of Public Information Officer (PIO). Emergency Management or designee will utilize local agencies to distribute emergency information to the public and special populations. The affected jurisdiction will provide a spokesperson. 4. Local jurisdictions are responsible for providing its citizens with information on the event and what immediate protective actions they Page 390 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 15: Public Affairs 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 15 - 4 should take, such as taking shelter or evacuating. Local government is responsible for providing the public with information and intermediate protective actions designed to further save lives, protect property, economy and the environment, and long-term recovery actions to restore the affected community as nearly as possible to its pre-incident condition. C. Mitigation Emergency Management conducts public education as part of regular business. Public information is often disseminated through books, pamphlets, videos and other publications. Much of this information is based on all hazards planning and specific information directed at reducing risks associated with those hazards. D. Preparedness 1. Elected Officials, Spokespersons and Public Information Officers should participate in exercises to practice public affairs responsibilities. Press releases from exercises are often reviewed to ensure that appropriate protective actions have been recommended for the public. All pertinent agencies are encouraged to train appropriate staff to implement public information responsibilities and to prepare resource materials to be used for an emergency or disaster. 2. Develop effective working relationships with the news media to aid information being broadcast in a timely manner to the public. 3. Emergency Management has the capability to distribute public messages through the Emergency Alert System (EAS) and CodeRED for local emergencies. Informational brochures will be available to the public via print media and through the FCEM website www.franklinem.org as well as CodeRED activation information. E. Response 1. Disseminate emergency instructions and critical information to the public. 2. Provide the public (through the media) with accurate information regarding the event. 3. Establish a rumor control function to respond to public and media inquiries. 4. Support responders as requested with PIO support through the ECC/EOC or on-scene as requested by the Incident Commander. V. RESPONSIBILITIES Page 391 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 15: Public Affairs 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 15 - 5 When the Franklin County ECC/EOC and/or the JIC are activated, the PIO, or their designee, coordinates the preparation and release of news regarding the emergency situation. All news releases and status reports will be coordinated with the PIO to reduce release of conflicting information. A. Emergency Manager/Elected Officials/City Managers 1. The Emergency Manager or designee is responsible for the designation of a PIO, and ensuring that the person is trained and qualified. If the PIO or designee is not available during an EOC/JIC activation, they are responsible for designating an alternate PIO. 2. The Chair of the Franklin County Commissioners, or the Emergency Manager that is in charge at the time, should review all news releases and any emergency alerts sent by the Emergency Alert System (EAS), prior to dissemination. 3. The Franklin County Commissioners will remind all county departments to clear any releases to the media or public through the PIO in order to prevent release of conflicting information and to assist with rumor control. 4. Mayors or City Managers will remind all city departments to clear any releases to the media or public through the PIO in order to prevent release of conflicting information and to assist with rumor control. Their City PIO may be designated as the Lead PIO/Spokesperson. a. The primary role of the Spokesperson is to be the jurisdictions representative to directly communicate with the media at press conferences and interviews B. Franklin County Emergency Management Coordination/Operations Center 1. Recommend activation of the JIC, when deemed necessary. 2. Assist in providing the PIO with technical advice and assistance, and recommends training for that person. 3. Assist the PIO in selecting alternates to serve in the EOC. 4. Assist the PIO in creating checklists that may be used for all phases of the emergencies (Mitigation and Preparedness, Response, and Recovery) for which the county is vulnerable. 5. Maintain a media contact list, which includes addresses, phones, e-mail, and FAX numbers. Maintain this list in the EOC Standard Operating Procedures. C. PIO Page 392 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 15: Public Affairs 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 15 - 6 1. The PIO is responsible for the preparation and distribution of news releases regarding the emergency situation. Pre-scripted information should be prepared for all types of hazards, which may occur in the county. 2. Obtain approval from the Franklin County Commissioners Chairman or Emergency Manager in charge in the FCEM ECC/EOC, prior to issuance of a news release. For smaller events, from the PIO in the Incident Command Post. 3. Distribute news releases to the local media using the pre-established contact list. This may be done by using any or all of the following: faxes, phone, e-mail, scheduling and conducting briefings, or using messengers. 4. Plan, schedule, and coordinate briefings or news conferences for the media. 5. Coordinate with the WAEMD SEOC PIO, and provide WAEMD SEOC with copies of news releases issued. 6. If a Federal Disaster Recovery Assistance Center (DRAC) is established in the county, the PIO will continue to coordinate the release of news throughout the recovery phase. 7. Provide information concerning individual and public assistance when available. 8. If the activation of the Emergency Alert System (EAS) is deemed necessary, it will be accomplished in accordance with the current EAS Columbia Basin Operational Area Plan. 9. Prepare recorded messages for the use in CodeRed as necessary. VI. RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS The resources necessary to accomplish public affairs activities will be determined by the situation. VII. REFERENCES See Appendix 3 VIII. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS See Appendix 4 Page 393 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 20: Military Support to Civil Authorities 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 20 - 1 EMERGENCY SUPPORT FUNCTION 20 MILITARY SUPPORT TO CIVIL AUTHORITIES Primary Agency: Washington State Emergency Management Division Support Agencies: Franklin County Sheriff’s Office Pasco Police Connell Police Franklin County Commissioners I. INTRODUCTION A. Purpose The purpose of this function is to provide for effective use of military assistance made available to local jurisdictions during a disaster. B. Scope This ESF applies to all requests for military support originated by Franklin County following a local declaration of emergency. II. POLICIES In the event of war, terrorism, insurrection, rebellion, invasion, tumult, riot, mob, or organized body acting together by force with intent to commit a felony or to offer violence to persons or property, or by force and violence to break and resist the laws of this state, or the United States, or in case of the imminent danger of the occurrence of any of said events, or whenever responsible civil authorities shall, for any reason, fail to preserve law and order, or protect life or property, or the governor believes that such failure is imminent, or in event of public disaster, the governor shall have power to order the organized militia of Washington, or any part thereof, into active service of the state to execute the laws, and to perform such duty as the governor shall deem proper. Military forces, either state or federal, will remain under and follow their military chain of command. These resources will be requested through the Washington State EOC. The Washington State Department of the Military Adjutant General deploys state active- duty resources of the Washington State National Guard (WNG) in a state-funded status in response to an emergency involving imminent loss of life, to prevent great suffering and/or to mitigate great destruction of property, in accordance to state regulations and statutes. III. SITUATION Page 394 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 20: Military Support to Civil Authorities 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 20 - 2 1. Civil authorities at all levels of government are primarily responsible for emergency services, plans, and operations undertaken prior to, during, and after a disaster. 2. All military forces (active and reserve) within the State of Washington are considered potentially available to provide emergency support to civil authority during certain phases of disaster operations. Military assistance is a compliment to, not a substitute for, civil participation in emergency operations. 3. Any request for military assistance will be processed through Franklin County Emergency Coordination Center (ECC) to WAEMD/SEOC. 4. The county and state have issued Disaster Declarations. 5. A military liaison person may be assigned to the FCEM ECC to an area wide (overlapping county jurisdiction) location where a task force has been established to coordinate the use of any military assets assigned to the event. 6. Military forces and resources (active and reserve) not engaged in essential military activity may be available to provide assistance to civil authorities in such emergency operations as protection of vital facilities and performance of lifesaving missions. 7. Military forces may also perform riot control and/or suppression of insurrection missions upon Presidential Proclamations or upon proclamation of martial law. IV. CONCEPT OF OPERATIONS A. General 1. The Revised Code of Washington (RCW) 38.08.040 provides that, upon the occurrence of certain events, the Governor has the power to order the organized militia of Washington or any part thereof into active service in order for Washington State to execute the laws and perform such services as the Governor shall deem proper. This power resides with the Governor or acting Governor alone, and may not be delegated to another person or agency. 2. Basic actions necessary to provide and coordinate the use of military assistance will be the same for all types of disasters, and will include ensuring that all local government forces and available resources are committed prior to requesting military assistance. 3. The Emergency Chairperson or Emergency Manager will authorize and approve all requests before being sent to the Governor and/or the Military Department for emergency military assistance. Washington State Emergency Management will advise the Governor on the state of affairs in Franklin County based on the information provided by the Emergency Chairperson or Emergency Manager. Once the Governor has declared a state of emergency, the National Guard can be activated to support local efforts. Page 395 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 20: Military Support to Civil Authorities 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 20 - 3 B. Organization Military Resources 1. The organization for utilization of military resources will depend on the nature of the emergency, the type of military support being provided, and the local agencies that directly interface with military support authorities. The WA SEOC is a division under the Military Department. All local requests for any military resources/assets will be requested through the WA SEOC. Franklin County Emergency Management 1. Franklin County Emergency Management is established by an interlocal agreement and is directed by the Franklin County Emergency Management Board comprised of representatives of the municipalities who are signatories to the agreement: Franklin County and the cities of Pasco, Kahlotus, Connell and Mesa. Daily operations are under the direction of a Director, appointed by the board. Procedures 1. The various elements of the State of Washington Military Department will follow their internal Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) when in support of an emergency or disaster. Any local requests for resources/assets will be received through the WA SEOC. Mitigation Activities 1. Mitigation activities need to be done at the state level and are beyond the scope of this ESF (refer to Washington State Emergency Support Function 20 – Defense Support to Civil Authorities). Preparedness Activities 1. Preparedness activities for utilization of military support include development and periodic testing of a protocol for requesting military assistance through the Washington State Military Department Response Activities Response activities for utilization of military support include: 1. Assessing the need for and requesting military support. 2. Identifying the agencies that will integrate the military capabilities into the County response. 3. Coordinating the military support operations with military unit commanders and the military liaison in the Emergency Coordination Center. Recovery Activities 1. Utilization of military support during recovery activities will be the same as during the response. When the military’s support is no longer necessary, the units will be demobilized according to their internal procedure. Page 396 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 20: Military Support to Civil Authorities 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 20 - 4 V. RESPONSIBILITIES A. County Commissioner/Mayor or designee 1. Commissioners/Mayors must issue a Disaster Declaration before requesting any military assets. 2. FCEM ECC must assign a specific mission to any military unit assigned to the city/county and designate who, in the field, they are to report to for instructions. 3. If a military liaison has not been assigned, someone in the FCEM ECC must be designated to coordinate the military operations with the Incident Commander. B. Franklin County Emergency Management 1. Forward all requests for military assistance (and required reports) to the Washington State Emergency Management Division / WA SEOC. 2. Coordinate military support operations with military unit Commanders, local officials and Incident Command. 3. Coordinate, as required, pre-emergency planning with local military units including submitting requests, as required, through emergency management channels for military support during an emergency 4. Utilize, when available, Individual Mobilization Augmenters ordered to duty with their office to support existing staff. 5. Include the potential use of military resources/assets in exercises and other emergency management training that is planned locally. VI. RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS A. Sources of Military Assistance In the event military assistance is required and requests cannot be communicated to the Commanding General Sixth U.S. Army, Washington State Area Commander the State Emergency Management Division, requests can be forwarded through the following: • 416th Regiment, Pasco • Kennewick Army Reserve Center • Air Force Recruiting Station • U.S. Coast Guard, Kennewick • U.S. Coast Guard, Portland • Corp of Engineers • Naval Recruiting Station B. Requirements 1. Request for military personnel and equipment must be submitted through the WA SEOC. 2. Request for military personnel and equipment must be consistent with unit capabilities. 3. Loan of equipment will not be allowed if it diminishes a unit’s capability Page 397 of 457 Franklin County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Emergency Support Function 20: Military Support to Civil Authorities 2021 - CEMP p. ESF 20 - 5 to be self-supporting or unable to perform its basic mission. 4. Whenever possible, requests for personnel and/or equipment will include its needed organic support. 5. Costs and expenses need to be agreed upon during the request process VII. REFERENCES See Appendix 3 VIII. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS See Appendix 4 Page 398 of 457 AGENDA REPORT FOR: City Council August 17, 2021 TO: Dave Zabell, City Manager City Council Workshop Meeting: 3/28/22 FROM: Richa Sigdel, Finance Director Finance SUBJECT: 2021-2022 Biennium Financial Update and Public Dashboard I. REFERENCE(S): Quarterly Financial Report II. ACTION REQUESTED OF COUNCIL / STAFF RECOMMENDATIONS: None III. FISCAL IMPACT: None IV. HISTORY AND FACTS BRIEF: The Council is provided monthly financial updates on the City's most critical and prominent fund, the General Fund, to further transparency, assure budget compliance and for informational purposes. Quarterly reports on the major funds allow staff to communicate the larger financial picture of the City to the Council and its residents. V. DISCUSSION: The financial report does not include fund balances that are authorized by Council during each budget year. The exclusion fund balance amounts is to present a clear picture of funds being received and expended by the City without reliance on reserves. Considering the time of payroll/labor cost and the passage of the 12 months of the biennium, elapsed time for the combined type of expenses is 50%. The report shows that all prominent funds are meeting the revenue and expense target. Funds with large capital investments do not follow the typical elapsed time trend. Page 399 of 457 Staff expects all expenses and revenue to meet the authorized budget with few and minor exceptions. The attached quarterly report provides detailed information. Staff has spent a considerable amount of time and effort in the stabilization of the financial system, creation of new reporting tools, and reconfiguration of the system to provide better fiscal control and access. As staff places these newly created tools and processes to action, staff anticipates the future budget vs. actual reports to be even better than the last biennium. The Finance Department will be rolling out a public version of the financial dashboard to increase transparency, as well as provide a better user experience. Staff considers the current dashboard to be a start, with future plans on adding new reports and performance metrics for the department. (Link to the public financial dashboard.) Page 400 of 457 December 2021 Quarterly Financial Report Prepared by Richa Sigdel, Finance Director Page 401 of 457 Overview The intent of this report is to provide an overview of activity in all of the City's major funds through December 31, 2021. Despite the concerns surrounding the Omnicron variant, the economy continues to surprise us and remain robust. The American Rescue Plan Act (ARPA) funds and new federal grant opportunities for infrastructure are expected to directly assist the City, but also help continue the economic vitalization of the community. Quarterly Financial Report / Page 2 Employment is a key indicator of the economic health of the community. The preliminary unemployment rate for Franklin County was 5.5%, greater than the state's average of 4.5%, but a decrease from 8.1% from the prior year. Historically, the County's 3-year average unemployment rate during the same period has been 7.7%. This decrease in unemployment is a good indicator of the availability of jobs in the region. Another economic indicator is permit activity; it demonstrates not only the growth and attractiveness of the community but also increased revenue in building-related sales tax revenue. As the table below indicates, overall permit activity has more than doubled on a year- over-year basis. Furthermore, an increase in commercial activity bodes well for the city. This means an increased economic base to generate higher sales taxes. In the past, City of Pasco residents have spent their income outside of the community, resulting in the City losing out on significant sales tax revenue. Finally, the number of active business licenses at the end of 2021 was 4,718 an increase of 400 from the prior year. It is important to note that due to the pandemic, there has been a significant shift in operations for the City and the Department of Revenue (DOR). Both entities have not been pursuing delinquent business licenses and this number could change as the normal process is resumed. Page 402 of 457 Quarterly Financial Report / Page 3 Growth in commercial base of the City is providing residents the opportunity to spend their income within the community will continue to result in City's ability to provide services at affordable rates in the future. Similarly, in a landmark case known as South Dakota v. Wayfair, Supreme Court decided that retail businesses no longer had to have a physical presence in a state to be potentially liable to collect state sales taxes. The enactment of this law coupled with increased online purchasing has helped the City meet and exceed its revenue goals. The City also benefitted from construction sales tax generated from major permitting activities, especially construction by large commercial and industrial partners. These taxes are one-time in nature but the City anticipates more of these projects to help increase its sales tax base for next 2-4 years. The sales tax for 2021 exceeded the target by $2 million, at $18.6M. This represents an increase of 24% over the prior year. Taking out a large one-time project, the increase is closer to 14%. The adjoining graph shows the significant growth in 2021. Sales Tax Page 403 of 457 C i t y S t r e e t F u n d A r t e r i a l S t r e e t F u n d I -1 8 2 C o r r i d o r T r a f f i c I m p a c t F u n d S t r e e t O v e r l a y F u n d C o m m u n i t y D e v e l o p m e n t G r a n t F u n d C D B G H O M E N S P M .L . K i n g J r . C o m m u n i t y C e n t e r F u n d A m b u l a n c e S e r v i c e s F u n d C i t y V i e w C e m e t e r y F u n d B o u l e v a r d P e r p e t u a l M a i n t e n a n c e F u n d A t h l e t i c P r o g r a m F u n d G o l f C o u r s e S e n i o r C e n t e r O p e r a t i n g F u n d M u l t i -M o d a l F a c i l i t y F u n d S c h o o l I m p a c t F e e s R i v e r s h o r e T r a i l & M a r i n a M a i n t e n a n c e F u n d S p e c i a l L o d g i n g A s s e s s m e n t F u n d L i t t e r A b a t e m e n t F u n d R e v o l v i n g A b a t e m e n t F u n d T r a c D e v e l o p m e n t & O p e r a t i n g F u n d P a r k D e v e l o p m e n t F u n d C a p i t a l I m p r o v e m e n t s F u n d (R E E T ) E c o n o m i c & I n d u s t r i a l D e v e l o p m e n t F u n d S t a d i u m / C o n v e n t i o n C e n t e r F u n d H o t e l /M o t e l E x c i s e T a x G e n e r a l F u n d - G e n e r a l F u n d S p e c i a l R e v e n u e F u n d Annual Financial Report / Page 4 Types of Funds Page 404 of 457 W a t e r F u n d S e w e r F u n d I r r i g a t i o n F u n d P r o c e s s W a t e r R e u s e F a c i l i t y F u n d S t o r m w a t e r F u n d E q u i p m e n t R e n t a l O p e r a t i o n s F u n d - G o v e r n m e n t T y p e E q u i p m e n t R e n t a l O p e r a t i o n s F u n d - P r o p r i e t a r y T y p e E q u i p m e n t R e n t a l R e p l a c e m e n t F u n d - G o v e r n m e n t T y p e E q u i p m e n t R e n t a l R e p l a c e m e n t F u n d - P r o p r i e t a r y T y p e M e d i c a l /D e n t a l I n s u r a n c e F u n d M e d i c a l /D e n t a l I n s u r a n c e F u n d D e n t a l C e n t r a l S t o r e s F u n d E n t e r p r i s e F u n d I n t e r n a l S e r v i c e F u n d Annual Financial Report / Page 5 Types of Funds Page 405 of 457 General Property Tax Other Tax Retail Sales Tax Utility Tax Licenses & Permits Intergovernmental Charges for Goods and Services Fine and Penalties Miscellaneous Debt Principal Transfers and Subsidy - Revenue Licenses & Permits Intergovernmental Charges for Goods and Services Fines and Penalties Miscellaneous Debt Interest Debt Principal Transfers and Subsidy - Revenue Utility Tax Hotel/Motel SalesTax Real Estate Excise Tax Licenses & Permits Intergovernmental Charges for Goods and Services Fine and Penalties Miscellaneous Debt Principal Transfers and Subsidy - Revenue Intergovernmental Miscellaneous Transfers and Subsidy - Revenue Charges for Goods and Services Miscellaneous Debt Principal Transfers and Subsidy - Revenue PFD Sales Tax Intergovernmental Charges for Goods and Services Miscellaneous 23,554,637 2,342,780 38,315,746 23,947,157 5,806,781 16,508,804 17,898,565 2,066,354 4,591,272 586,528 1,269,762 527,878 35,702,000 64,633,213 0 17,618,454 4,749,442 3,285,273 26,347,095 2,057,588 757,002 4,400,000 813,400 28,028,515 26,340,795 280,000 3,384,065 64,291 21,472,778 32,608,038 6,595,047 39,850,976 79,054,061 21,728,692 293,110 0 0 2,021,802 1,000,000 0 40,000 400 11,496,330 1,466,522 22,789,546 10,863,886 3,649,967 6,185,189 8,767,672 1,066,369 951,652 784,801 803,492 258,603 7,046,033 33,196,262 500 321,588 3,068,799 7,957,388 9,732,565 0 666,312 4,236,720 466,470 9,053,377 13,160,731 262,390 1,542,144 127,643 19,357,607 7,107,596 775,894 14,488,778 22,372,268 11,564,763 212,718 -923,914 11,970 10,865,538 788,711 60,000 20,000 0 49% 63% 59% 45% 63% 37% 49% 52% 21% 134% 63% 49% 20% 51% 0% 2% 65% 242% 37% 40% 0% 88% 96% 57% 32% 50% 94% 46% 199% 90% 22% 12% 36% 28% 53% 73% 0% 0% 49% 79% 0% 50% 0% Fund Category General Fund General Fund Total Enterprise Fund Enterprise Fund Total Special Revenue Fund Special Revenue Fund Total Construction Fund Construction Fund Total Internal Service Fund Internal Service Fund Total Pasco Public Facility District Pasco Public Facility District Total Grand Total Category Name 152,863,355 136,888,386 1,040,400 479,466,438 Budget 868,711 213,387,072 Actual 83% 45% % Received 68,825,425 50% 61,581,737 48,873,39387,598,434 56% Revenue A N N U A L F I N A N C I A L R E P O R T / P A G E 6 Page 406 of 457 Revenues outside of the miscellaneous and intergovernmental categories, all revenue streams are within or exceeding expectations. Tourism-related industries are making a faster comeback than the budget anticipated. Similarly, higher home values and sale activity is also resulting in record Real Estate Excise Taxes. Higher than anticipated debt principal revenue is related to interfund loans within utility services and its offset can be seen in expenses. Growth in taxable sales, housing prices, and faster return of tourism has resulted the city to be in better financial state than before the pandemic. Intergovernmental category is related to funds received from other local, state, and federal agencies. This category is tied to our capital efforts as large portion of interagovernmental activities are related grants for capital projects. Miscellaneous is a catch all category that also includes future bonds that might be issued if the project meets its anticipated schedule. In this particular case, this category includes almost $20 million in anticipated bond issuance. City has secured significant amount of low interest loan from the State (>$50 million), reducing the need for the City to issue these higher cost debt. The city is entering a phase where past trends cannot be counted upon for future growth. Historic growth in commercial and industrial sectors means that the City will be able to rely upon higher population growth, increased sales, and property tax bases. The next 2-4 years will be filled with projects providing a one-time jump in revenues. The period after is expected to be a new baseline with standard growth thereafter. This significant growth will require significant investment and that can be seen through planned capital projects in the City's long-term facilities planning effort (Capital Improvement Plan). As the City has completed or is in process of completion of several long-term plans - Comprehensive Master Plan, Downtown Master Plan, Parks Master Plan, Police Master Plan, Fire Master Plan, Transportation Master Plan, Utility Comprehensive Plans, etc. Staff to support the capital and operational aspect of a City with different size and complexity will be critical. A N N U A L F I N A N C I A L R E P O R T / P A G E 7 L I N K T O C A P I T A L I M P R O V E M E N T P L A N Revenue Page 407 of 457 Fund Category General Fund Total Enterprise Fund Enterprise Fund Total Special Revenue Fund Special Revenue Fund Total Construction Fund Construction Fund Total Internal Service Fund Internal Service Fund Total Pasco Public Facility District Pasco Public Facility District Total Grand Total Category Name 23,232,430 1,043,700 531,710,529 Budget 10,959,774 821,915 196,973,173 47% 79% 37% Actual % Spent Transfers and Subsidy - Expense Salaries and Wages Personnel Benefits Supplies Services Capital Outlays Debt Principal Debt Interest Transfers and Subsidy - Expense Salaries and Wages Personnel Benefits Supplies Services Capital Outlays Debt Principal Debt Interest 00 Transfers and Subsidy - Expense Salaries and Wages Personnel Benefits Supplies Services Capital Outlays Debt Principal Debt Interest Supplies Services Capital Outlays Transfers and Subsidy - Expense Salaries and Wages Personnel Benefits Supplies Services Capital Outlays Services 26,481,405 52,308,610 17,863,243 4,989,649 37,051,097 4,730,105 4,970,273 2,095,250 890,100 9,329,803 4,311,564 4,626,213 31,544,708 108,272,500 5,764,524 4,103,698 50,349,769 13,449,416 4,013,755 2,031,774 25,763,382 12,464,000 100,000 155,500 0 0 79,774,061 79,774,061 451,762 1,129,320 453,489 2,447,330 12,826,954 5,923,575 21,697,571 24,301,482 8,349,354 1,984,725 18,925,492 229,099 4,113,923 1,065,272 140 4,015,954 497,962 2,086,280 13,183,938 19,566,487 8,150,073 2,123,070 9,868,927 6,178,071 1,865,253 869,213 12,986,297 132,943 377,554 179,547 172,152 24,433 22,246,272 22,442,857 451,762 438,208 42,266 1,320,483 7,309,191 1,397,864 82% 46% 47% 40% 51% 5% 83% 51% 0% 43% 12% 45% 42% 18% 141% 52% 20% 46% 46% 43% 50% 1% 378% 115% 0% 0% 28% 28% 100% 39% 9% 54% 57% 24% 79% General Fund 150,489,632 80,666,918 54% 168,843,110 49,623,904 29% 108,327,596 32,457,804 30% 1,043,700 821,915 Expenses Expenses for fund categories are within budget. However, the City budget includes a significant capital outlay budget that is not linear in nature and exclusively reliant on project delivery. As shown in the table below, expenses linear in nature are within and below budget and are expected to stay that way for the remainder of the biennium. Labor currently shows below budget due to the addition of new headcounts scheduled for 2022 and is anticipated to be within budget by the end of the biennium. The debt principal category is over budget mainly due to the payment of inter-fund loans between utility services. The capital outlay category that mostly consists of capital facilities like roadways, facilities, utility infrastructure is underspent and the project schedules will dictate how much of the allocated budget will be expended. Unspent capital allocations will be carried over to future years. A N N U A L F I N A N C I A L R E P O R T / P A G E 8 Page 408 of 457 Annual Financial Report / Page 9 Capital Projects M A J O R P R O J E C T S I N P R O G R E S S The city had over 70 projects with some level of activity during 2021; expending close to $45 million during the same period. Most of these projects were within the City's utility infrastructure, as well as roadway and parks construction. Columbia East Forcemain and Lift Station - The lift station was constructed in 2019. In 2021, the city constructed two force mains to serve multiple current and future food processors, allowing the diversion of 1.5 MGD of industrial waste away from the municipal wastewater treatment plant. 70% of the project budget was reimbursed by various local, state, and federal grants. $6.9 million expended during 2021. WWTP Improvements Phase 1 - The first phase of improvements at the Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP) focused on secondary treatment and partial outfall replacement. The project is being funded by low-interest loans from Washington state. $5 million expended during 2021. Lewis Street Overpass - Construct a new overpass between 2nd Ave and Oregon Ave on Lewis Street to replace the existing underpass. 83% of the project budget for this biennium is expected to be reimbursed by various state and federal grants, with the remainder coming from internal funds. $6.7 million expended during 2021. Fire Station 84 - Relocate Fire Station 84 from its temporary location to a permanent location including admin space. The project was fully funded by proceeds from a Limited tax general obligation (LTGO) bond. $6.0 million expended during 2021. Peanuts Park Restoration - Restoration of the Peanuts Park at the heart of Pasco's downtown. 50% of the project was funded via the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development's Section 108 loan program. $5.8 million expended during 2021. Northwest Area (Broadmoor) Sewer LID - Extends a sewer trunk line from Harris to Burns Road facilitating growth in the city's northwest area. 99% of the project is funded via a local improvement district formed by benefitting property owners. $2.3 million expended during 2021. Chapel Hill Park - Built a 5-acre community park in the Chapel Hill area of the City. Fully funded by Park Development fees collected from the nearby properties. $1.0 million expended during 2021. Page 409 of 457 Annual Financial Report / Page 10 Financial Outlook In 2022, more than $266 million in revenue is anticipated, while $334 million is expected to be expended. Under normal conditions, $69 million is a significant deficit and should be an area of concern; however, the variances can be covered by current reserves. The city's long-term strategy is to build reserves over the years to fund capital projects and make large purchases. This biennium has over $15 million in land purchase and $211 million in capital outlays (projects). Fund balances currently exist to withstand this deficit. Caution for the future is that it takes a long time to build up reserves. However, the needs of the expenses are well documented, understood, and needed to continue the positive economic vitality of the community. We anticipate growth in the city's revenue streams through one-time and increased economic base to assist the City in growing the reserves faster in the future. P A N D E M I C I M P A C T S H A V E B E E N M U C H L E S S S E V E R E T H A N A N T I C I P A T E D . S T R O N G C O M M E R C I A L A N D I N D U S T R I A L C O N S T R U C T I O N A N D E C O N O M I C A C T I V I T Y H A V E H E L P E D . H I G H D E M A N D F O R C A P I T A L P R O J E C T S , I N F L A T I O N , S T A F F I N G W I L L R E Q U I R E C A R E F U L P R I O R I T I Z A T I O N A N D M O N I T O R I N G . The city continues robust planning efforts to identify long-term needs and means to fund them with the least impact on the community. Continuous effort to get appropriations, grants, low-interest loans, and revision of rates for major services will be critical for the good financial health of the City. Page 410 of 457 A N N U A L F I N A N C I A L R E P O R T / P A G E 1 1 Our Finance Team Meet the dedicated team members of our finance department  2021 Food Drive Page 411 of 457 AGENDA REPORT FOR: City Council March 23, 2022 TO: Dave Zabell, City Manager City Council Workshop Meeting: 3/28/22 FROM: Zach Ratkai, Director Administrative & Community Services SUBJECT: Electric Scooter Rentals I. REFERENCE(S): PowerPoint Presentation II. ACTION REQUESTED OF COUNCIL / STAFF RECOMMENDATIONS: Discussion III. FISCAL IMPACT: None identified at this time. IV. HISTORY AND FACTS BRIEF: Over the last couple of years, Visit Tri-Cities, as well as Pasco and partner cities of Kennewick and Richland, have fielded a numerous inquiries from scooter rental companies to begin trial service in the region. Discussion has occurred among partner cities and the Tri-Cities Rivershore Enhancement Council, a committee of Visit Tri-Cities. Most recently, on March 3, 2022, the Pasco Park & Recreation Advisory Board was provided a presentation on this topic. The Board has expressed some hesitation for supporting a trial project. V. DISCUSSION: Staff will present a brief PowerPoint to facilitate discussion among Council on the matter. Page 412 of 457 City Council –March 28, 2022 Page 413 of 457 Scooter Share Programs RCW 46.61.715 Allows and Regulates “Motorized Foot Scooters” Allows for sharing programs Lime and Bird Cities’ Role Can charge fees, taxes Require sidewalk passage (regulation) Adopt and Assess moving and Parking Violations The Industry Scooters for Hire Insured Tracked with a unique IDPage 414 of 457 Other WA Cities Spokane Tacoma Everett Redmond Bothell SeattlePage 415 of 457 Storage Issues Page 416 of 457 Alternatives to Storage Page 417 of 457 Regional Reception Visit Tri-Cities Kennewick Richland Pasco Parks AdvisoryPage 418 of 457 Questions and Discussion Page 419 of 457 AGENDA REPORT FOR: City Council March 7, 2022 TO: Dave Zabell, City Manager City Council Workshop Meeting: 3/28/22 FROM: Zach Ratkai, Director Administrative & Community Services SUBJECT: City View Cemetery Update I. REFERENCE(S): PowerPoint Presentation II. ACTION REQUESTED OF COUNCIL / STAFF RECOMMENDATIONS: Dan Dotta, Facilities Manager will be presenting the City View Cemetery update. III. FISCAL IMPACT: IV. HISTORY AND FACTS BRIEF: The City of Pasco assumed responsibility of the City View Cemetery in 1922. Currently there are over 9,000 buried at the cemetery with 4,000 available graves. Besides funeral services, staff assists customers in designing memorials for their needs. The Cemetery provides an important service to the community. V. DISCUSSION: Page 420 of 457 City Council Workshop MeetingPage 421 of 457 City View Cemetery •1922 City of Pasco assumes responsibility •Currently there are more than 13,000 graves, 9000 are occupied •Enough room to expand to provide services for many years to come. Page 422 of 457 Cemetery Staff Customer Service Representative Prepares contracts for services Designs and sells headstones Coordinator with funeral homes Plans and organizes eventsPage 423 of 457 Cemetery Staff Customer Service Field Representative Prepares plots for services Works with families on finding the right location Assists funeral homes with the service Installs memorials Maintains the groundsPage 424 of 457 ADA Improvements New service area and sidewalksPage 425 of 457 Improvements Veterans Memorial Meditation Gardens Page 426 of 457 Providing comfort Page 427 of 457 Providing a service Page 428 of 457 Events Memorial Day and Veterans DayPage 429 of 457 New to come •K-9 Memorial •Pet Cemetery •Heritage Day •Day of the DeadPage 430 of 457 Questions?Page 431 of 457 AGENDA REPORT FOR: City Council March 17, 2022 TO: Dave Zabell, City Manager City Council Workshop Meeting: 3/28/22 FROM: Steve Worley, Director Public Works SUBJECT: Resolution - Incorporating the Regional Pavement Cut Policy to the City's Design and Construction Standards and Specifications I. REFERENCE(S): Resolution Regional Pavement Cut Policy Ordinance No. 4457 Trench Surfacing Repair Standard Detail II. ACTION REQUESTED OF COUNCIL / STAFF RECOMMENDATIONS: Discussion III. FISCAL IMPACT: None IV. HISTORY AND FACTS BRIEF: The City of Pasco (City) issues permits for construction work in the public right - of-way. Many times, this work involves cutting and removing pavement from existing streets. These permits are typically issued to utility companies adding new facilities or replacing existing facilities, or to contractors when new development or redevelopment requires extension and/or connection to utility lines, or extension an street. While the City requires permittees to restore damage caused by construction, cutting, removing, and patching of pavement, this work reduces the pavement's effective service life. As the owner and agency responsible for pavement maintenance, the City has interest in obtaining high quality pavement patches that minimizes the negative impact on pavement service life. Page 432 of 457 Over the past six months, the cities of Richland, Kennewick, Pasco, and West Richland have worked together to establish updated and uniform standards to mitigate damage caused by removing pavement on public streets. Staff recommends adopting these standards by authorizing the revision of the City's current Design and Construction Standards and Specifications for Public Works Improvement’s (Design and Construction Standards). This will make the new requirements visible and transparent to all right-of-way permittees. Pasco's interests are served by joining with the other cities in adopting uniform standards that protect all City investments in public infrastructure by preserving the driving surface of all public streets in Pasco and in the Tri-Cities region as a whole. V. DISCUSSION: City Staff recommends approval of the attached Regional Pavement Cut Policy through the revision of the Design and Construction Standards. Page 433 of 457 Resolution - Regional Pavement Cut Policy- 1 RESOLUTION NO. _________ A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY OF PASCO, WASHINGTON, ADOPTING THE REGINAL PAVEMENT CUT POLICY AND REVISION TO PASCO’S DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS FOR PUBLIC WORKS IMPROVEMENTS. WHEREAS, the Cities of Richland, Kennewick, Pasco, and West Richland have worked together to establish standards to mitigate damage caused by removing pavement on public streets; and WHEREAS, on October 7, 2019, through Ordinance No. 4457, Council adopted the “Design and Construction Standards and Specifications for Public Works Improvements” (hereinafter referred to as, “Design and Construction Standards”); and WHEREAS, the Public Works Directors of all four Cities in the region believe it beneficial to develop a pavement cut policy that provides consistent standards for making repairs to cuts made in all streets within in the region; and WHEREAS, the engineering staff of all four Cities coordinated in the development of the Regional Pavement Cut Policy, which is now ready for approval by each city; and WHEREAS, adoption of the Regional Pavement Cut Policy allows for a revision of the existing pavement patch standard currently shown in Pasco’s Design and Construction Standards; and WHEREAS, the City of Pasco’s best interests are served by revising the current Design and Construction Standards to protect the City’s investment in public infrastructure by preserving the driving surface of public streets; and NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PASCO, WASHINGTON: Section 1. That the Regional Pavement Cut Policy is hereby adopted and shall be included in the City of Pasco’s Design and Construction Standards. PASSED by the City Council of the City of Pasco, Washington this ___ day of _____, 2022. _____________________________ Blanche Barajas Mayor ATTEST: APPROVED AS TO FORM: _____________________________ _____________________________ Debra Barham, CMC Kerr Ferguson Law, PLLC City Clerk City Attorney Page 434 of 457 Pavement Cut Policy (1) To protect the city’s investment in its infrastructure, to preserve the life of its streets, and to provide an improved driving surface, a policy on cutting or excavation of paved public streets is established. Resurfaced Streets (2) For this policy, Resurfaced Streets are defined as those public streets that have been paved with asphalt within the past five (5) years, or resurfaced with a slurry seal, chip seal, cape seal or similar treatment less than one inch thick within the current calendar year. (3) No cutting or excavation of a Resurfaced Street is allowed, except for the following situations and at the discretion of the Public Works Director: (a) Emergencies that endanger life, property or public health and safety. (b) Interruption of essential utility service. (c) Work mandated by city, state, or federal legislation. (d) New service to a specific location cannot be reasonably provided by another route or using trenchless technology methods. (e) Minor core drilling or potholing (maximum 8-inch bell hole) to located utilities. (f) Other situations deemed by the Public Works Director to be in the best interest of the public. (4) If cutting and excavation of a Resurfaced Street is allowed under subsection (3), repairs and mitigation of allowed cuts or excavation shall meet the following requirements and per City Standard Specifications. (a) Lateral cuts perpendicular to the flow of traffic shall be have the pavement removed and replaced a minimum of 25 feet wide, centered on the trench cut, to include the full width of each travel lane or shoulder disturbed by the cut or excavation. Removal shall be by grinding pavement a minimum of 1.75 inches deep, or by saw cutting and excavation. Paving shall be accomplished with a paving machine. (b) Longitudinal cuts parallel with the flow of traffic shall have the pavement removed and replaced to include the full width of each travel lane or sho ulder disturbed by the cut or excavation. The minimum longitudinal patch length shall be 25 feet. Removal shall be by grinding pavement a minimum of 1.75 inches deep, or by saw cutting and excavation. Paving shall be accomplished with a paving machine. (c) For lateral patches less than 25 feet apart, work shall be incorporated into a single patch. For longitudinal patches, if the outside travel lane is patched, the adjacent paved shoulder shall also be replaced if less than four (4) feet of width remains (d) All patches when completed shall be at least as thick as the adjacent road section, and shall meet the City’s minimum road section thickness for the classification of the street, per Page 435 of 457 adopted City Standard Specifications. All trench backfill beneath the pavement shall be compacted crushed surfacing top course unless otherwise approved by the Public Works Director. (e) Minor core drilled holes and potholes shall be backfilled with control density fill (CDF), or as approved by the Public Works Director. (f) All patches shall have the perimeter joints of the patch crack sealed. (g) Disturbed traffic markings and striping shall be restored with approved in-kind materials. Other Streets (Not Resurfaced Streets) (5) All public streets that are not Resurfaced Streets as defined herein may be cut or excavated if utility work cannot reasonably be provided by another route or using trenchless technology (i.e. boring). Repairs and mitigation of allowed cuts or excavation shall meet the following requirements and p er City Standard Specifications. (a) Lateral cuts perpendicular to the flow of traffic shall be have the pavement removed and replaced a minimum of six (6) feet wide, centered on the trench cut, to include one-half width or all of each travel lane disturbed by the cut, to prevent a joint in the wheel path . There shall be a minimum of one foot of patch width beyond each side of the trench cut. (b) Longitudinal cuts parallel with the flow of traffic sh all have the pavement removed and replaced to include one-half width or all of each travel lane disturbed by the cut or excavation, to prevent a joint in the wheel path. There shall be a minimum of one foot of patch width beyond each side of the trench cut. Minimum length of the patch in a travel lane shall be 25 feet. (c) For lateral patches less than 25 feet apart, incorporate work into a single patch. For longitudinal patches, if the outside travel lane is patched, also replace the adjacent paved shoulder if less than four (4) feet of width remains. (d) All patches when completed shall be at least as thick as the adjacent road section, and shall meet the City’s minimum road section thickness for the classification of the street, per adopted City Standard Specifications. All trench backfill beneath the pavement shall be compacted crushed surfacing top course unless otherwise approved by the Public Works Director. (h) Minor core drilled holes and potholes shall be backfilled with control density fill (CDF), or as approved by the Public Works Director. (e) All patches shall have the perimeter joints of the patch crack sealed. (f) Disturbed traffic markings and striping shall be restored with approved in -kind materials. Page 436 of 457 All Streets (6) The completed surface of the pavement shall not vary more than ¼ inch from the lower edge of a ten-foot straightedge placed parallel with the flow of traffic. (7) The contractor or permit holder shall warrant the completed work for a period of two (2) years after City acceptance. (8) City will attempt to provide adequate notice to utility companies and adjacent property owners of upcoming construction, reconstruction and pavement surfacing work to allow them to place utility service stubs to their property prior to the pavement surfaci ng work. Page 437 of 457 ORDINANCE NO.“H5'7 AN ORDINANCE of the City of Pasco,Washington, Adopting Design and Construction Standards and Speci?cations for Public Works Improvements WHEREAS,the City of Pasco has completed an extensive update of the City’s July 2015 Design and Construction Standards to be more consistent with industry standards and current practices;and WHEREAS,the City desires to have uniform standards,speci?cations,and construction details for public infrastructure to be owned and maintained by the City;and WHEREAS,the “Design and Construction Standards and Speci?cations for Public Works Improvements”apply to the design and construction of all public works in?astructure;and WHEREAS,the Design and Construction Standards and Speci?cations for Public Works Improvements will be effective immediately upon the effective date of this Ordinance,and will apply to all new development and redevelopment subject to City requirements;and WHEREAS,technical revisions and corrections may be updated by the City of Pasco’s appropriate departments,as needed,for consistency with industry standards;and WHEREAS,modi?cations will be tracked,and a current version of the Design and Construction Standards and Speci?cations for Public Works Improvements will be ?led with the City Clerk’s of?ce and posted on the City’s website.NOW,THEREFORE, THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PASCO,WASHINGTON,DO ORDAIN AS FOLLOWS: Section 1.In accordance with state law,to protect and preserve the public health, safety,and general welfare,consistent with Pasco Municipal Code ?’MC)14.10.010,the “Design and Construction Standards and Speci?cations for Public Works Improvements”as set forth on the document attached hereto,marked as Exhibit “A”and incorporated herein by reference,are hereby adopted,and to become effective consistent with the adoption and effective date of this Ordinance. Section 2.The Design and Construction Standards and Speci?cations for Public Works Improvements shall apply to the design and construction of all publicgworksinfrastructure. Section 3.The Public Works Director and/or the City Engineer is/are authorized to make revisions to these Standards as appropriate to meet the needs and intentions of such standards. Ordinance —Adopting Revised 2019 Design and Construction Standards and Speci?cations for Public Works Improvements -I Page 438 of 457 Section 4.The Design and Construction Standards and Speci?cations for Public Works Improvements as promulgated by the Public Works Director and/or the City Engineer shall be maintained on ?le with the City Clerk,and posted on the City’s website,and shall be e?ective upon ?ling with the City Clerk. Section 5.All laws,regulations,and design standards,or parts thereof in con?ict or inconsistent with the standards adopted by this Ordinance,unless superseded by statutory authority,are hereby repealed. Section 6.This Ordinance shall take ?1ll force and effect ?ve (5)days a?er its approval,passage and publication as required by law. PASSED by the City Council of the City of Pasco,Washington,and approved as provided by law this 7 3'1day of Oc?bg?.2019. /%%/M9/ Matt Watkins,Mayor ATTEST:AP R D AS TO FORM: Debby Baff;11,City Clerk Kerr guson Law PLLC,City Attorney Ordinance —Adopting Revised 2019 Design and Construction Standards and Speci?cations for Public Works Improvements -2 Page 439 of 457 BusmxarAva.1EMr snFAmxa|'Hm — vuuzs samcur mm 10 new:. Guava mun unis J4:BcuvAv|ov4 \M:r- um mm) muzwmmmnompe menu um mama mum sum smzncme 12'um an mam Fuzz uusuknczn was comm.cmR9«ua2nBvo«s\n.EronAuIwascHsnFALznBvwmm4 aammz um smmmnammmmamszmmsnaummmumeaa.cKWa«:»<sDr5AYIvEc(NmAcmPs may.RzmmwKa;Lw»«um»n1EIEsm1rA.cwKmBuR9«|u'amMuwA\Im km m?zvmunvz wwme mvs Fouomuelmulauvavmn ALuv|cKnr5s5u1E mama uzvlvs um ram sum az araai upuunoammamammn cmr or PAsco —STANDARD DETAIL TRENCH SURFACING REPAIRPage 440 of 457 AGENDA REPORT FOR: City Council March 17, 2022 TO: Dave Zabell, City Manager City Council Workshop Meeting: 3/28/22 FROM: Steve Worley, Director Public Works SUBJECT: Resolution - Interlocal Cooperative Agreement - Quad Cities/BFHD for Funding of Regional Algal Bloom Screening Lab Service I. REFERENCE(S): Resolution Interlocal Agreement (ILA) II. ACTION REQUESTED OF COUNCIL / STAFF RECOMMENDATIONS: Discussion III. FISCAL IMPACT: Pasco’s share of the estimated cost is approximately $220 per biweekly sampling event. IV. HISTORY AND FACTS BRIEF: Richland, Kennewick, Pasco, and West Richland were granted Washington State Surface Water Right Permit S4-30976 on September 15, 2003 (hereinafter “Permit” or “Quad-City Water Right”). The Cities use the Permit and other water rights Richland, supply. water potable for River Columbia the to access Kennewick, and Pasco withdraw, treat, and deliver Columbia River water to their residents. West Richland purchases treated water provided by Richland for a substantial portion of its potable water supply. In 2021, harmful algal blooms were detected and monitored in the Columbia River. Harmful algal blooms may release toxins that pose a risk to human health. Harmful algal blooms and their associated toxins are an emerging risk to water utilities across the United States, but at present are not regulated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) or the Washington State Department of Health (DOH). Page 441 of 457 In February 2022, the Cities executed an interlocal agreement to hire a consulting firm (RH2) to create a management plan addressing the risks posed by harmful algae blooms to the region’s public water supplies. V. DISCUSSION: During the 2021 algal bloom event, the availability of laboratory services to support regional monitoring needs was identified as a weak link potentially impacting the effective management of the risk. The Washington State Frankliand Health of Department Benton (BFHD) District Health n have partnered to equip the BFHD with equipment and training to establish a local capability to screen untreated water samples for the presence of toxins associated with the harmful algae blooms. It is prudent for all four jurisdictions to prepare plans to monitor and respond to the possible impairment of our potable water supplies by a harmful algal bloom. Likewise, there is a need to fund the operation of the BFHD laboratory water screening process and it is in the four cities’ best interest to collectively fund a fair share of the BFHD laboratory operation as an element of its harmful algae bloom management plan. The BFHD laboratory will be more responsive and less expensive than alternative service providers. The purpose of this Interlocal Cooperation Agreement is to authorize a collaborative effort between the Parties to fund a harmful algae bloom water quality screening laboratory program in support of the regional Quad-City Algal Bloom Management and Response Plan. City staff recommends approval of this Interlocal Cooperative Agreement. Page 442 of 457 Resolution - Quad Cities ILA - 1 RESOLUTION NO. _________ A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY OF PASCO, WASHINGTON, AUTHORIZING THE CITY MANAGER TO EXECUTE THE INTERLOCAL COOPERATION AGREEMENT (“AGREEMENT”) WITH THE CITIES OF KENNEWICK, RICHLAND, PASCO, WEST RICHLAND, AND THE BENTON FRANKLIN HEALTH DISTRICT FOR THE FUNDING OF A REGIONAL ALGAL BLOOM SCREENING LABORATORY AND SERVICES. WHEREAS, the City, together with Richland, Kennewick, and West Richland, were granted Washington State Surface Water Right Permit S4-30976 on September 15, 2003, (herein after “Permit”); and WHEREAS, the Parties use the Permit and other water rights to access the Columbia River for potable water supply. Richland, Kennewick, and Pasco withdraw, treat, and deliver Columbia River water to their residents. West Richland purchases treated water provided by Richland for a substantial portion of its potable water supply; and WHEREAS, in 2021 harmful algal blooms were detected and monitored in the Columbia River; and WHEREAS, harmful algal blooms may release toxins that pose a risk to human health; and WHEREAS, harmful algae blooms and their associated toxins are an emerging risk to water utilities across the United States, but at present are not regulated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) or the Washington State Department of Health; and WHEREAS, in February 2022, the cities executed an interlocal agreement to hire a consulting firm to create a management plan addressing the risks posed by harmful algae blooms to the region’s public water supplies; and WHEREAS, during the 2021 season the availability of laboratory services to support the regional monitoring needs was identified as a weak link potentially impacting the effective management of the risk; and WHEREAS, the Washington State Department of Health and BFHD have partnered to equip the BFHD with equipment and training to establish a local capability to screen untreated water samples for the presence of toxins associated with the harmful algae blooms; and WHEREAS, there is a need to fund operation of the BFHD laboratory water screening process; and Page 443 of 457 Resolution - Quad Cities ILA - 2 WHEREAS, it is in the cities best interest to collectively fund a fair share of the BFHD laboratory operation as an element of its harmful algae bloom management plan because the BFHD laboratory will be more responsive and less expensive than alternative service providers. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PASCO, WASHINGTON: Section 1. The purpose of this Interlocal Cooperation Agreement is to authorize a collaborative effort between the Parties to fund a harmful algae bloom water quality screening laboratory program in support of the regional Quad-City Algal Bloom Management and Response Plan, as described within Exhibit A attached hereto. Section 2. The City Manager of the City of Pasco, Washington, is hereby authorized, empowered, and directed to make minor, non-substantive changes and execute said Agreement on behalf of the City of Pasco. PASSED by the City Council of the City of Pasco, Washington this ___ day of _____, 2022. _____________________________ Blanche Barajas Mayor ATTEST: APPROVED AS TO FORM: _____________________________ _____________________________ Debra Barham, CMC Kerr Ferguson Law, PLLC City Clerk City Attorney Page 444 of 457 2022 Interlocal Cooperation Agreement – Quad-City, BFHD Harmful Algal Bloom Laboratory Page 1 INTERLOCAL COOPERATION AGREEMENT Between Cities of Kennewick, Richland, Pasco, West Richland, and the Benton Franklin Health District For Funding the Operation of a Regional Algal Bloom Laboratory Screening Service THIS INTERLOCAL AGREEMENT (“Agreement”) is entered into on this ____ day of April, 2022 by and between the City of Kennewick (hereinafter “Kennewick”), the City of Richland (hereinafter “Richland”), the City of Pasco (hereinafter “Pasco”), the City of West Richland (hereinafter “West Richland”), all municipal corporations of the State of Washington, and the Benton-Franklin Health District (hereinafter “BFHD”), a Washington public health district formed pursuant to Ch. 70.46 RCW, referred to collectively as the “Parties”. This Agreement is made in conformance with and under the authority granted by Ch. 39.34 RCW, the Interlocal Cooperation Act. I. Recitals WHEREAS, the Interlocal Cooperation Act, Ch. 39.34 RCW, authorizes local governments such as the Parties to contract for the joint conduct of activities which each of the Parties is individually authorized to perform; and WHEREAS, the cities access the Columbia River for potable water supply . Richland, Kennewick and Pasco withdraw, treat, and deliver Columbia River water to their residents. West Richland purchases treated water provided by Richland for a substantial portion of its potable water supply; and WHEREAS, in 2021, harmful algae blooms (HABs) and associated toxins were detected and monitored in the Columbia River; and WHEREAS, HABs and their associated toxins are an emerging risk to water utilities across the United States, but at present are not regulated by the United States Environmental Protectio n Agency (EPA) or the Washington State Department of Health; and WHEREAS, in February 2022, the Cities executed an interlocal agreement to create a management plan addressing the risks posed by harmful algae blooms to the region’s public water supplies; and WHEREAS, during the 2021 HAB mitigation and response efforts , the availability of laboratory services to support the regional monitoring needs was identified as a weak link potentially impacting the effective management of the risk; and WHEREAS, the Washington State Department of Health and BFHD have partnered to equip BFHD with equipment and training to establish a local capability to screen untreated water samples for the presence of toxins associated with the HABs; and WHEREAS, there is a need to fund operation of the BFHD laboratory water screening process; and Page 445 of 457 2022 Interlocal Cooperation Agreement – Quad-City, BFHD Harmful Algal Bloom Laboratory Page 2 WHEREAS, the Cities’ best interests are served by collectively funding a fair share of the BFHD laboratory operation as an element of its harmful algae bloom management plan because the BFHD laboratory will be more responsive and less expensive than alternative service providers. NOW, THEREFORE, the Parties hereby agree as follows: II. Agreement Section 1. Purpose The purpose of this Agreement is to authorize a collaborative effort between the Parties to fund a harmful algae bloom water quality laboratory screening program in support of the regional Quad-City Algal Bloom Management and Response Plan. Section 2. Legal Entity No separate legal or administrative entity is created upon execution of this Agreement. Section 3. Administration BFHD shall be the administrator for the purposes of this Agreement and shall operate the harmful algae bloom screening laboratory and issue invoices to the Cities for laboratory services provided as described below. Section 4. Funding and Contributions BFHD expenses shall be shared between BFHD, Richland, West Richland, Pasco and Kennewick. BFHD, Richland, Kennewick, and Pasco shall contribute an amount equal to 2/9 (22.22%) of the laboratory operating costs. West Richland shall contribute an amount equal to 1/9 (11.12%) of the laboratory operating costs. BFHD shall issue invoices to Richland, West Richland, Pasco, and Kennewick for the Cities’ respective share of the expenses. Expenses are estimated at $1,000.00 per bi-weekly sampling event. Invoices shall be submitted monthly via e-mail to the Billing/Financial contact, or their successor, listed in Exhibit A. Scope and budget changes that increase the laboratory operating costs by more than twenty -five percent (25%) may only be executed after written authorization from all five (5) Parties. Section 5. Water Quality Screening Program Responsibilities BFHD will operate a laboratory using the ELISA analysis method that will be used to analyze untreated Columbia River water samples. The ELISA method is intended to provide screening for the presence of HAB-related toxins, but is not sufficient to accurately quantify specific concentrations of toxins that are needed for treatment process controls and public information. The intended program involves one sample run every second and fourth Tuesday of each month beginning in early April through the end of November 2022. BFHD will provide sample bottles and sample collection instructions to Richland, Pasco and Kennewick. Richland, Pasco and Kennewick will collect and deliver untreated Columbia River water samples to the BFHD on the designated days. BFHD will complete the laboratory analysis and provide preliminary results on or before the end of the business day following sample delivery. In accordance with the Regional Quad-City Algal Bloom Management Plan, if algae bloom related toxins are detected in the BFHD ELISA analysis, Richland, Pasco, and Kennewick will begin analytical sampling of untreated and finished water samples at their water treatment plants. The analytical sampling will use another laboratory for the sample analysis. Richland, Pasco and Kennewick will cease delivering samples to BFHD screening laboratory until such time as the Washington State Department of Health enables the Cities to cease analytical sampling at the water treatment plants. During analytical sampling , the cost-sharing approach to the BFHD ELISA Page 446 of 457 2022 Interlocal Cooperation Agreement – Quad-City, BFHD Harmful Algal Bloom Laboratory Page 3 laboratory will be suspended. If the BFHD ELISA laboratory is reactivated for municipal water supplies, the cost-sharing approach will resume. Section 6. Property No real or personal property shall be acquired as a consequence of the execution of this Agreement. Each Party shall own and receive its own copy of BFHD laboratory analysis reports produced as a result of this Agreement. Section 7. Additional Resources BFHD, Richland, Kennewick, Pasco, and West Richland will be responsible for its own labor and equipment as needed to support sample collection and transportation and for operational decisions and actions taken in response to laboratory results . Section 8. Duration This Agreement shall expire on December 31, 2022 unless extended in writing by all five (5) parties, which extension may be administratively executed without additional legislative approval . All obligations to pay the respective share s to fund the laboratory operation shall survive termination of this Agreement. Section 9. Termination Notwithstanding the obligation to pay the respective shares surviving termination in Section 8 above, this Agreement may be partially terminated by a Party’s written notice to the others, which notice shall be effective thirty (30) days after received by the last party required to be notified. The remaining Parties may choose to provide a written modification to this Agreement or continue to operate under this Agreement without the noticing Party. Any modification made under this Section 9 may be administratively executed without additional legislative approval. Section 10. Notices Contact information for each agency is provided in Exhibit A. Written notice shall be directed to the first two names of each agency as identified on Exhibit A. For purposes of this Agreement, email is considered an acceptable format for official notice. Section 11. Filing Upon execution by all parties, this Agreement shall become effective as of the date first written above. The Cities will post the fully executed Agreement on their respective websites pursuant to RCW 39.34.040. Section 12. Modification This Agreement may be amended or modified only in writing, and only with the written consent of each undersigned party. Section 13. Severability If any provision of this Agreement is found by a court of competent jurisdiction to be inva lid or unenforceable as written, the remainder of th is Agreement or the applications of the remainder of this Agreement shall not be affected. To this end, the terms and conditions of this Agreement are declared severable. Section 14. Jurisdiction & Venue Jurisdiction and venue for any action relating to the interpretation, enforcement, or any dispute arising from this Agreement shall be in Benton County Superior Court. This Agreement shall be construed, and the legal relations between the Parties hereto shall be determined in accordance with the laws of the State of Washington. Page 447 of 457 2022 Interlocal Cooperation Agreement – Quad-City, BFHD Harmful Algal Bloom Laboratory Page 4 Section 15. Waiver No waiver, by any Party hereto, of any terms or conditions of this Agreement shall be deemed or construed to be a waiver of any other term or condition, nor shall the waiver of any breach be deemed or construed to constitute a waiver of any subsequent breach, whether of the same term or condition, or any other term or condition of this Agreement. Section 16. Authority to Execute. Each person executing this Agreement on behalf of another person, corporation, partnership, company, or other organization or entity represents and warrants that he or she is fully authorized to so execute and deliver this agreement on behalf of the entity or party for which he or she is signing. The parties hereby warrant to each other that each has full power and authority to enter into this agreement and to undertake the actions contemplated herein, and that this agreement is enforceable in accordance with its terms. Section 17. Counterpart Originals. Execution of this Agreement and any amendment or other document related to this Agreement may be by electronic signature and in any number of counterpart originals, each of which shall be deemed to constitute an original agreement, and all of which shall constitute one whole agreement. [Signature Page to Follow] Page 448 of 457 2022 Interlocal Cooperation Agreement – Quad-City, BFHD Harmful Algal Bloom Laboratory Page 5 IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties have signed this Agreement as of the day and year written above. BENTON-FRANKLIN HEALTH DISTRICT __________________________________ Jason Zaccaria, District Administrator CITY OF RICHLAND CITY OF KENNEWICK __________________________________ _______________________________ Jon Amundson, City Manager Bill McKay, Mayor Attest: Attest: _________________________________ ________________________________ Jennifer Rogers, City Clerk Terri L. Wright, City Clerk Approved as to form: Approved as to form: _______________________________ ________________________________ Heather Kintzley, City Attorney Lisa Beaton, City Attorney CITY OF WEST RICHLAND CITY OF PASCO ________________________________ _______________________________ Brent Gerry, Mayor Dave Zabell, City Manager Attest: Attest: ________________________________ _______________________________ Stephanie Haug, City Clerk Debby Barham, City Clerk Approved as to Form: Approved as to Form: _________________________________ _______________________________ Bronson Brown, City Attorney Eric Ferguson, City Attorney Page 449 of 457 2022 Interlocal Cooperation Agreement – Quad-City, BFHD Harmful Algal Bloom Laboratory Page 6 Exhibit A Organizational Contacts Benton-Franklin Health District Phone: (509) 460-4200 7102 W. Okanogan Place Fax: (509) 460-4590 Kennewick, WA 99336 Title/Role Contact Name Phone Email Administrator/Signature Authority Jason Zaccaria 509-460-4567 Jasonz@bfhd.wa.gov Contracts& Billing Manager Bonnie Hall 509-460-4553 Bonnieh@bfhd.wa.gov Surveillance & Investigation Sr. Manager Rick Dawson 509-460-4313 Rickd@bfhd.wa.gov Laboratory Manager Jillian Legard 509-460-4540 Jillianl@bfhd.wa.gov City of Richland Phone: (509) 942-7500 625 Swift Blvd, MS-26 Fax: n/a Richland, WA 99352 Responsibility Contact Name Phone Email City Manager/Signature Authority Jon Amundson (509) 942-7380 jamundson@ci.richland.wa.us Public Works Director Pete Rogalsky (509) 942-7558 progalsky@ci.richland.wa.us Public Works Administrative Assistant (billing/finance) Mary Everham (509) 942-7460 Meverham@ci.richland.wa.us City of Kennewick Phone: (509) 585-4419 210 W. 6th Avenue Fax: n/a Kennewick, WA 99336 Responsibility Contact Name Phone Email City Manager/Signature Authority Marie Mosley (509) 585-4251 Marie.Mosley@ci.kennewick.wa.us Public Works Director Cary M. Roe (509) 585-4292 Cary.Roe@ci.kennewick.wa.us Billing/Finance Cindy Meyer (509) 585-4249 Cindy.Meyer@ci.kennewick.wa.us Page 450 of 457 2022 Interlocal Cooperation Agreement – Quad-City, BFHD Harmful Algal Bloom Laboratory Page 7 City of Pasco Phone: 525 N. 3rd Ave. Fax: Pasco, WA 99301 Responsibility Contact Name Phone Email City Manager/Signature Authority Dave Zabell (509) 545-3404 Zabelld@pasco-wa.gov Public Works Director Steve Worley (509) 543-5738 Worleys@pasco-wa.gov Billing/Finance Richa Sigdel (509) 544-3065 Sigdelr@pasco-wa.gov Lab Manager Heath Bateman (509) 947-0558 Batemanh@pasco-wa.gov City of West Richland Phone: (509) 967-3431 3100 Belmont Blvd., Suite 102 Fax: (509) 967-5706 West Richland, WA 99353 UEI #: Responsibility Contact Name Phone Email Mayor/Signature Authority Brent Gerry (509) 967-3431 bgerry@westrichland.org Public Works Director Roscoe Slade (509) 967-5434 roscoe@westrichland.org Billing/Finance Erin Gwinn (509) 967-3431 accountspayable@westrichland.org Page 451 of 457 QUALITY OF LIFE Promote a high-quality of life through quality programs, services and appropriate investment and re- investment in community infrastructure by: • Using Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) and other public and private capital to revitalize older neighborhoods and safe routes to essential services. • Continuing efforts toward designing, siting, programming needs, and site selection for a community center and pursuing acquisition of land for future community park. • Developing Phase I of the A Street Sporting Complex and continue efforts to provide additional soccer and sports fields. • Coordinating with the Pasco Public Facilities District to develop a public education campaign, financial analysis and prepare a ballot measure concerning the development of a regional aquatic facility for consideration by the people. • Completing construction of a new animal control facility. • Ongoing efforts to improve efficiency and effectiveness of public resources in the delivery of municipal services, programs, and long-term maintenance and viability of public facilities. • Collaborating with the Inclusion, Diversity and Equity Commission and community leaders to enhance engagement efforts and organizational cultural competency. • Updating design standards for the development of new neighborhoods and re-development to promote greater neighborhood cohesion through design elements, e.g.: walkability, aesthetics, sustainability, and community gathering spaces. • Updating Parks and Facilities Comprehensive Plan to include: public facilities inventory, needs assessment, level of service, and centers evaluation. • Teaming with local and regional partners to develop a Housing Action Plan with a focus on strategies that emphasize affordable housing. FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY Enhance the long-term financial viability, value, and service levels of services and programs, including: • Regular evaluation of services and programs to confirm importance to community, adequacy, and cost-benefit. • Continuation of cost of service and recovery targets in evaluating City services. • Ongoing evaluation of costs, processes and performance associated with delivery of City services including customer feedback and satisfaction, staffing, facilities, and partnership opportunities. • Instilling and promoting an organizational culture of customer service across all business lines. • Updating policies relating to urbanization of the unincorporated islands to assure consistency with long-range planning, community safety, and fiscal sustainability. City Council Goals 2020-2021 Page 452 of 457 COMMUNITY SAFETY Preserve past improvements and promote future gains by: • Developing a Comprehensive Police Strategic Master Plan through a transparent process to evaluate future service levels of the department to assure sustainability, public safety, and crime control over the next 5-10 years. • Collaborating with regional and community partners to evaluate and implement strategies to reduce the incidence of homelessness. • Leveraging and expanding partnerships to maintain and enhance behavioral health services to community members in crisis being assisted by police and fire. • Continuing efforts to improve police and community relations. • Working to achieve and maintain target fire response times through operational improvements and long-range strategic planning of facilities and staffing. • Focusing on the long-term goal of sustaining a Washington State Rating Bureau Class 3 community rating. • Leveraging infrastructure database of sidewalks, streetlights and pavement conditions along with evaluating policies and methods to address needs and inequities. COMMUNITY TRANSPORTATION NETWORK Promote a highly-functional multi-modal transportation network through: • Commencement and completion of construction of the Lewis Street Overpass project. • Continued emphasis on improvements in Road 68/I-182/Burden Blvd. corridor to improve operation and safety. • Data-driven pro-active neighborhood traffic calming efforts. • Continued collaboration with Ben Franklin Transit to enhance mobility and access. • Completion of a Transportation System Master Plan and utilization of its recommendations to develop policies, regulations, programs, and projects that provide for greater connectivity, strategic investment, mobility, multi-modal systems, accessibility, efficiency and safety. ECONOMIC VITALITY Promote and encourage economic vitality by supporting: • Downtown revitalization efforts of Downtown Pasco Development Authority (DPDA), post-COVID restart, and City initiatives such as Downtown Master Plan process and sign code modifications. • The construction of Peanuts Park and Farmers Market and continued efforts to pursue streetscape and gateway upgrades. • The completion of the Comprehensive Land Use Plan Update and Broadmoor Master Plan efforts, adoption of Urban Growth Area expansion alternative, implementation of adopted long-range planning efforts with appropriate analysis and adoption of planning actions including: zoning code changes, phased sign code update, and development regulations and standards. • Increased efforts to promote the community as a desirable place for commercial and industrial development by promoting small business outreach and assistance, predictability in project review, and excellent customer service. • Partnerships and encouragement of Department of Natural Resources (DNR) to facilitate development of the remaining state-owned properties at Road 68/I-182. Page 453 of 457 • Continued coordination with the Port of Pasco to complete and implement a waterfront-zoning plan and provide for public infrastructure. • Active partnerships in the planning and development of strategies to promote tourism and deployment of assets to spur economic activity. • In concert with community partners, development of a comprehensive economic development plan. COMMUNITY IDENTITY Identify opportunities to enhance community identity, cohesion and image through: • Continued efforts of community surveying through traditional methods and the application of new technologies. • Providing opportunities for community engagement through boards, commissions, volunteer opportunities, social media, forums, and other outlets. • Enhanced inter-agency and constituent coordination developed during the pandemic. • Continued efforts of the community identity/image enhancement campaign to include promotion of community and organizational successes. • Enhanced participation and support of cultural events occurring within the community. • Support of the Arts and Culture Commission in promoting unity and the celebration of diversity through art and culture programs. For more information, visit www.pasco-wa.gov/councilgoals Page 454 of 457 CALIDAD DE VIDA Promover una vida de buena calidad a través de programas de calidad, servicios e inversiones y reinversiones adecuadas en la infraestructura de la comunidad al: • Utilizar una Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) (Concesión de Ayuda Federal para el Desarrollo Comunitario) y otro capital público y privado para renovar las vecindades antiguas y las rutas seguras a los servicios esenciales. • Continuar los esfuerzos hacia el diseño, las obras de construcción, las necesidades programáticas, y la elección de dichas obras de construcción, para un centro comunitario y comprar el terreno para un futuro parque comunitario. • Desarrollar la 1era Fase del Sporting Complex (Complejo Deportivo) de la Calle A y continuar los esfuerzos de proporcionar más campos de fútbol y de otros deportes. • Coordinar con el Pasco Public Facilities District (Distrito de las Instalaciones Públicas de Pasco) para desarrollar una campaña de educación pública, un análisis financiero, y preparar una propuesta sobre el desarrollo de una instalación acuática regional para que sea considerada por el público. • Terminar la construcción de una nueva instalación para el control de animales. • Continuar los esfuerzos para mejorar la eficiencia y la eficacia de los recursos públicos en la entrega de servicios municipales, programas, y el mantenimiento y la viabilidad a largo plazo de instalaciones públicas. • Colaborar con la Inclusion, Diversity and Equity Commission (Comisión de Inclusión, Diversidad, y Equidad) y con los líderes comunitarios para mejorar los esfuerzos de participación y la capacidad cultural organizacional. • Actualizar los estándares de diseño para el desarrollo de nuevas vecindades y el redesarrollo para promover más cohesión de las vecindades a través de elementos de diseño, p. ej.: viabilidad peatonal, evaluación de las necesidades, sustentabilidad, y lugares donde se puedan reunir los miembros de la comunidad. • Actualizar el Parks and Facilities Comprehensive Plan (Plan Comprehensivo de los Parques y las Instalaciones) para que incluya: un inventario de instalaciones públicas, una evaluación de las necesidades, el nivel de servicio, y la evaluación del centro. • Trabajar en equipo con colaboradores regionales para desarrollar un Housing Action Plan (Plan de Acción para Viviendas) con un enfoque en las estrategias que enfatizan viviendas económicas. SUSTENTABILIDAD FINANCIERA Mejorar la sustentabilidad financiera a largo plazo, el valor, y los niveles de servicios y programas, incluyendo: • La evaluación regular de los servicios y de los programas para confirmar la importancia de la comunidad, la capitalización adecuada, y el costo-beneficio. Metas del Concilio de la Ciudad del 2020-2021 Page 455 of 457 • La continuación del costo por el servicio y de las metas de recuperación al evaluar los servicios de la Ciudad. • La evaluación continua de los costos, los procesos y el desempeño relacionado con la entrega de los servicios de la Ciudad incluyendo la retroalimentación y la satisfacción del cliente, el personal, las instalaciones, y las oportunidades colaborativas. • Inculcar y promover una cultura organizacional de servicio al cliente a lo largo de todas las líneas de negocio. • Actualizar las políticas relacionadas con la urbanización de las islas no incorporadas para asegurar consistencia con la planificación a largo plazo, la seguridad comunitaria, y la sustentabilidad fiscal. SEGURIDAD COMUNITARIA Preservar las mejorías anteriores y promover las ganancias futuras al: • Desarrollar un Comprehensive Police Strategic Master Plan (Plan Maestro Estratégico Comprehensivo Policial) a través de un proceso transparente para evaluar los niveles futuros de servicio del departamento para asegurar sustentabilidad, seguridad pública, y control de crímenes durante los siguientes 5-10 años. • Trabajar con colaboradores regionales y comunitarios para evaluar e implementar estrategias para reducir los casos de personas sin techo. • Hacer uso y ampliar las colaboraciones para mantener y mejorar los servicios de salud conductual a los miembros de la comunidad que se encuentran en medio de una crisis, ayudados por la policía y por los bomberos. • Continuar los esfuerzos para mejorar la relación con la policía y con la comunidad. • Trabajar para lograr y mantener el tiempo de reacción de los bomberos a través de mejorías operacionales y la planificación estratégica de instalaciones y personal a largo plazo. • Enfocarse en la meta a largo plazo de mantener una clasificación de la comunidad Clase 3 del Washington State Rating Bureau (Departamento de Clasificación del Estado de Washington). • Utilizar la base de datos de la infraestructura de las banquetas, los faroles, y las condiciones del pavimento, como también evaluar las políticas y los métodos para tratar las necesidades y las injusticias. RED DE TRANSPORTE COMUNITARIO Promover una red de transporte extremadamente funcional y multimodal a través de: • El comienzo y el término de la construcción del proyecto Lewis Street Overpass. • El énfasis continuo en las mejorías de la ruta Road 68/I-182/Burden Blvd. para mejorar la operación y la seguridad. • Los esfuerzos proactivos basados en datos para calmar el tráfico en las vecindades. • La colaboración continua con Ben Franklin Transit para mejorar la movilidad y el acceso. • El término del Transportation System Master Plan (Plan Maestro del Sistema de Transporte) y la utilización de sus recomendaciones para desarrollar políticas, reglas, programas, y proyectos que proporcionan más conectividad, inversiones estratégicas, movilidad, sistemas multimodales, accesibilidad, eficiencia, y seguridad. Page 456 of 457 VITALIDAD ECONOMICA Promover y motivar la vitalidad económica al apoyar: • Los esfuerzos de renovación de la Downtown Pasco Development Authority (DPDA) (Autoridad de Desarrollo del Centro de Pasco), el reinicio después de COVID, y las iniciativas de la Ciudad como el proceso del Downtown Master Plan (Plan Maestro del Centro) y las modificaciones de los códigos de anuncios. • La construcción del Peanuts Park and Farmers Market (Parque Peanuts y el Mercado) y los esfuerzos continuos para discutir paisajes urbanos y actualizaciones de entradas. • El término de los esfuerzos de la Comprehensive Land Use Plan Update (Actualización Comprehensiva del Uso de Terrenos) y los esfuerzos del Broadmoor Master Plan (Plan Maestro de Broadmoor), la adopción de la alternativa de la expansión de Urban Growth Area (Área del Crecimiento Urbano), la implementación de los esfuerzos de planificación a largo plazo con los análisis adecuados y la adopción de acciones de planificación incluyendo: los cambios a los códigos de zonas, la actualización de los códigos de los anuncios de las fases, y el desarrollo de las reglas y los estándares. • Más esfuerzos para promover a la comunidad como un lugar atractivo para el desarrollo comercial e industrial al fomentar el alcance y la ayuda a los negocios pequeños, la predictibilidad en la revisión de proyectos, y un excelente servicio al cliente. • Las colaboraciones y la motivación del Department of Natural Resources (DNR) (Departamento de Recursos Naturales) para facilitar el desarrollo de las propiedades restantes del estado en Road 68/I- 182. • La coordinación continua con el Port of Pasco (Puerto de Pasco) para terminar e implementar un plan de zonas costeras y proporcionar una infraestructura pública. • Las colaboraciones activas en la planificación y el desarrollo de estrategias para promover el turismo y la utilización de recursos para estimular actividad económica. • Junto con los colaboradores de la comunidad, crear un plan comprehensivo de desarrollo económico. IDENTIDAD COMUNITARIA Identificar oportunidades para mejorar la identidad comunitaria, la cohesión, y la imagen a través de: • Los esfuerzos continuos para evaluar a la comunidad a través de los métodos tradicionales y la aplicación de nuevas tecnologías. • Proporcionar oportunidades para la involucración comunitaria a través de mesas directivas, comisiones, oportunidades para voluntarios, medios sociales, foros, y otros medios. • Una mejor coordinación entre las agencias y los constituyentes desarrollada durante la pandémica. • Los esfuerzos continuos de campañas para la mejoría de la identidad/imagen comunitaria que promuevan a la comunidad y a los éxitos organizacionales. • Una mejor participación y apoyo de los eventos culturales llevados a cabo dentro de la comunidad. • El apoyo de la Arts and Culture Commission (Comisión de Artes y Cultura) al promover la unidad y celebrar la diversidad a través de programas de arte y cultura. Para más información, visite www.pasco-wa.gov/councilgoals Page 457 of 457