Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAbout2023.02.27 Council Workshop Packet AGENDA City Council Workshop Meeting 7:07 PM - Monday, February 27, 2023 Pasco City Hall, Council Chambers & GoToWebinar Page 1. MEETING INSTRUCTIONS for REMOTE ACCESS - The Pasco City Council Workshops are broadcast live on PSC-TV Channel 191 on Charter/Spectrum Cable in Pasco and Richland and streamed at www.pasco-wa.gov/psctvlive and on the City’s Facebook page at www.facebook.com/cityofPasco. To listen to the meeting via phone, call (415) 655-0060 and use access code 307-404-066. 2. CALL TO ORDER 3. ROLL CALL (a) Pledge of Allegiance 4. VERBAL REPORTS FROM COUNCILMEMBERS 5. ITEMS FOR DISCUSSION 3 (a) Presentation - Columbia Basin College Master Plan Dr. Rebekah Woods, Columbia Basin College President, will share the College's 2023 Master Plan with Council. 4 - 18 (b) Downtown Pasco Development Authority (DPDA) Monthly Report February 2023 Jerry Martinez, Downtown Pasco Develop Authority Executive Director, will provide a presentation of the DPDA monthly activities and business items. 19 - 57 (c) Ordinance - Amending Pasco Municipal Code 25.127 - Zoning from Waterfront Development District to Mixed Use District 58 - 283 (d) Update: Broadmoor Master Plan and Environmental Impact Statement Page 1 of 355 284 - 300 (e) Resolution - Rescinding an Emergency Proclamation 301 - 321 (f) Ordinance - Amending Pasco Municipal Code, Chapter 2.05 "City Council" Related to Open Public Meetings Act Updates 322 - 353 (g) Resolution - WA State Dept. of Ecology Agreement for the Pasco Aquifer Storage & Recovery Project Phase 2 6. MISCELLANEOUS COUNCIL DISCUSSION 7. EXECUTIVE SESSION 8. ADJOURNMENT 9. ADDITIONAL NOTES 354 - 355 (a) Adopted 2020-2021 Council Goals (Reference Only) (b) REMINDERS • Monday, February 27, 4:00 PM: Hanford Area Economic Investment Fund Advisory Committee Meeting – Ben Franklin Transit Main Conference Room (COUNCILMEMBER PETE SERRANO, Rep.) This meeting is broadcast live on PSC-TV Channel 191 on Charter/Spectrum Cable in Pasco and Richland and streamed at www.pasco-wa.gov/psctvlive. Audio equipment available for the hearing impaired; contact the Clerk for assistance. Servicio de intérprete puede estar disponible con aviso. Por favor avisa la Secretaria Municipal dos días antes para garantizar la disponibilidad. (Spanish language interpreter service may be provided upon request. Please provide two business day's notice to the City Clerk to ensure availability.) Page 2 of 355 AGENDA REPORT FOR: City Council February 23, 2023 TO: Adam Lincoln, Interim City Manager City Council Workshop Meeting: 2/27/23 FROM: Zach Ratkai, Director Administrative & Community Services SUBJECT: Presentation - Columbia Basin College Master Plan I. REFERENCE(S): II. ACTION REQUESTED OF COUNCIL / STAFF RECOMMENDATIONS: Dr. Rebekah Woods, Columbia Basin College President, will share the College's 2023 Master Plan with Council. III. FISCAL IMPACT: None IV. HISTORY AND FACTS BRIEF: Columbia Basin College (CBC) has updated their Campus Master Plan and CBC President Woods will provide a brief update on that Master Plan to Council. For reference, here is a link to CBC's website that contains information regarding their 2023 Master Plan. V. DISCUSSION: Page 3 of 355 AGENDA REPORT FOR: City Council February 22, 2023 TO: Adam Lincoln, City Manager City Council Workshop Meeting: 2/27/23 FROM: Rick White, Director Community & Economic Development SUBJECT: Downtown Pasco Development Authority (DPDA) Monthly Report February 2023 I. REFERENCE(S): DPDA 2023 Funding Agreement (executed) DPDA and COP Finance Meetings Process BDS Notes from DPDA Assessment Kick-off II. ACTION REQUESTED OF COUNCIL / STAFF RECOMMENDATIONS: Jerry Martinez, Downtown Pasco Develop Authority Executive Director, will provide a presentation of the DPDA monthly activities and business items. III. FISCAL IMPACT: IV. HISTORY AND FACTS BRIEF: The 2023 Funding Agreement requires monthly reports to City Council on DPDA activities as these activities have been expanded from previous DPDA Funding Agreements. The current Funding Agreement was approved by City Council in January of 2023. V. DISCUSSION: If Council wishes to amend the Funding Agreement to require less or different reporting requirements, staff will prepare and return to Council with an amended Agreement. Page 4 of 355 Page 5 of 355 Page 6 of 355 Page 7 of 355 Page 8 of 355 Page 9 of 355 Page 10 of 355 Page 11 of 355 Page 12 of 355 Page 13 of 355 Page 14 of 355 C:\Users\barhamd\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Windows\INetCache\Content.Outlook\82UHEWOV\Down town Pasco Development Authority and City of Pasco Finance Meetings.docx Downtown Pasco Development Authority and City of Pasco Finance Meetings As part of the 2023 Funding Agreement, recurring meetings will take place to assist in establishing a framework of internal controls for stewardship of City of Pasco funding, mechanisms that provide sound financial activity tracking and provide guidance for fiscal operations. These meetings will address key functions within fiscal operations including, but not limited to the following: • Budgeting o Reviewing current budget o Discuss expectations and industry standards o Assist with new 2023 budget o Monitoring process • Treasury and revenue o Identify revenue sources and revenue needs o Receipting internal controls o Bank controls o Documentation • Expenses o Accounts payable controls o Accounts payable documentation o Overall process o Budget monitoring • Cash Flow o Identify fixed costs o 30-day cash needs o Cash reserve target • Financial Reporting o Timing o Expectations • Audits o Review past recommendations o Emphasis on documentation o Cost and frequency • Resources o State Auditor’s Office o MRSC o Other like entities Page 15 of 355 1932 1st Avenue, Suite 814 phone / fax: 206.971.6030 Seattle, Washington 98101 bdsplanning.com January 11, 2022 Pasco Organization Assessment – Kick-off Meeting Notes BDS Planning facilitated an Organizational Assessment Kick-off meeting to the Downtown Pasco Development Authority (DPDA) Leadership Group. We reviewed the notes from the Board Retreat in October of 2021 and the subsequent BDS recommendations to establish two distinct organizations – a development authority and a nonprofit charitable “Main Street” organization to develop: • City Agreement Framework: Negotiate approval and support from the City of Pasco for the roles of two distinct organizations – authority and association. • Bylaws: Draft and approve distinct bylaws for the authority and association. • Board Recruitment: Develop member characteristics and job descriptions for the authority and association. Recruit a full slate of new and continuing directors. • Tax Credits: Identify and engage community stakeholders to invest in downtown through the Washington Main Street Tax Credit program. • Grant Writing: Research potential funders and write grant applications. We established shared project outcomes to develop: • Organizational structure: negotiate approval and support from the City of Pasco for the roles of two distinct organizations – authority and association. Including drafting bylaws for each. • Roles and responsibilities: develop shared understanding of member characteristics and job descriptions for the authority and association. • Financial responsibility: identify and engage community stakeholders to invest in downtown and develop a sustainable funding plan. We also facilitated a session on Strategic Questions – DPDA & Foundation asking 2 questions • An effective Downtown Pasco Development Authority makes downtown Pasco different, how? • An effective DPDA Foundation makes downtown Pasco be different, how? • What are the must haves to include in a potential city agreement? Leadership Kick-off 1/11/23 Strategic Questions Discussion: Page 16 of 355 Downtown Pasco Development Authority 01/11/2023 2 • What has changed since 2021? • Improved relationship with city • Living up to Main St. expectations and requirements • Confirmation of structure/functional clarity • Who is DPDA accountable to? • Business versus City Council • What are your organization intended impacts? • DPDA • Connects with businesses as resources (New and existing) • A landlord. Physical investments in downtown • Board & ED alignment with City vision and objectives • Board members are vested Downtown stakeholders • Downtown is a strong, credible, and proud place to be and grow business • A vibrant and beautiful Downtown environment • One-stop shop • Foundation • Trusted partner/ Develop consensus of Downtown • Provision of business grants & capital • Education, technical assistance for small business operations • Puts Downtown Pasco on a pedestal! • Promotions, marketing recruitment • Events to advance org and City mission • Represents and amplifies Downtown Pasco culture and history • “Intercultural” • What are the must haves? • Clear communication plan/strategy • Buy-in and support for the foundation (not City approved) • Clean accountability for capacity to execute • DPDA and Foundation connection to maintain Main Street Credits • Designated staff support to Executive Director • Decision on how to use space • Respect and trust for DPDA to lead Page 17 of 355 Downtown Pasco Development Authority 01/11/2023 3 Next Steps: • Leadership Meeting #2 – Principles of Agreement Date: TBD Page 18 of 355 AGENDA REPORT FOR: City Council February 22, 2023 TO: Adam Lincoln, Interim City Manager City Council Workshop Meeting: 2/27/23 FROM: Rick White, Director Community & Economic Development SUBJECT: Ordinance - Amending Pasco Municipal Code, Chapter 25.127 - Zoning from Waterfront Development District to Mixed Use District I. REFERENCE(S): Draft Ordinance Proposal Narrative (Prepared by Applicant) Summary of Changes (Prepared by Applicant) Staff Report and Meeting Minutes from Planning Commission Dated 01/19/2023 PowerPoint Presentation II. ACTION REQUESTED OF COUNCIL / STAFF RECOMMENDATIONS: Discussion III. FISCAL IMPACT: None IV. HISTORY AND FACTS BRIEF: The City has received a request for a zoning code amendment to the Waterfront Development District Zoning District (WDD) and for the establishment of a new Mixed Use (MU) Zoning District. The Pasco Municipal Code (PMC) Section 25.210.020 states that any person, firm, corporation, or group of individuals or municipal department may petition the Pasco City Council for a zone or text change. The Waterfront Development District (adopted January 2021, via Ordinance No. 4514) was established to allow the location of a compatible mix of commercial, residential, and recreational uses on parcels situated close to the Columbia River waterfront and within the Osprey Pointe property, historically owned by the Port of Pasco. Outside of the WDD, the City does not provide development standards or regulations for mixed-use projects, sites, or buildings. Page 19 of 355 The request for a code amendment would identify a set of modifications to the WDD that would facilitate mixed-use citywide, and be implemented under the current Comprehensive Plan Land Use of Mixed Residential and Commercial. The new Mixed Use (MU) Zoning District would allow a compatible, integrated mix of commercial (and office, education, and government use) and residential uses. Policy Guidance The proposed code amendment would implement and is supportive of the following policy references: • 2018-2038 Pasco Comprehensive Plan o Land Use Element o Housing Element o Transportation Element • City Council 2022-2023 Goals o Economic Vitality Applicability and Implementation The Mixed-and Residential Mixed to Zoning would District Use apply Commercial Land Use designations. The Mixed Residential and Commercial Land Use covers approximately 430 acres of land within the Pasco Urban Growth Area. As indicated in the 2018-2038 Comprehensive Plan, and codified in PMC 25.215.015, the intent of the Mixed Residential and Commercial Land Use is to allow a combination of residential and commercial uses within the same development or development site. This land use also encourages a variety of housing types ranging from single-family to townhomes, apartments, and condominiums at a density of 5 to 29 units per acre. While the Comprehensive Plan encourages mixed -use developments, there is not a zoning district that would enable this citywide. The proposed amendment would implement the Mixed Residential and Commercial Land Use, allowing an applicant to utilize the proposed zoning district to meet the intent of the Comprehensive Plan. Implementation of the prop osed code amendment would require a rezone that is in conformance with the Comprehensive Plan. For example, a parcel that is currently zoned C-1 in the Mixed Residential and Commercial Land Use designation may apply for a rezone to the new MU (Mixed-Use District). This requires a public hearing with the Pasco Hearing Examiner, followed by final approval by the Pasco City Council. Subsequent permits for buildings and projects would then be required to conform with established Mixed Use District standards. Environmental Determination Page 20 of 355 City staff issued the Notice of Application on November 29, 2022. A Determination of Non-Significance was published on December 28, 2022, and no comments were received on the SEPA Determination. V. DISCUSSION: The proposed code amendment was considered at three meetings with the Planning Commission, including two (2) public hearings held in December 2022, and January 2023. While no public comments were received, staff did make minor modifications, with the support of the proposal applicant. Department staff recommended that the proposal amend an existing Waterfront Development Zoning District, rather than create an entirely new and separate zoning district. The proposed amendment calls out where the existing Wate rfront Development District shall be enforced (for example, within the Osprey Pointe) and where the new citywide proposal is to be applied. The proposed code amendment meets several comprehensive plan goals and policies and addresses a deficiency in the regulations. Staff is seeking Council discussion and comments on the proposal. Page 21 of 355 Ordinance – Amending PMC – 25.127 - 1 ORDINANCE NO. __________ AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY OF PASCO, WASHINGTON, AMENDING THE PASCO MUNICIPAL CODE CHAPTER 25.127 “WD WATERFRONT DEVELOPMENT DISTRICT” REPLACING THE “WD DISTRICT” TO “MU MIXED-USE DISTRICT.” WHEREAS, the City of Pasco, pursuant to PMC 21.05.020, has identified the benefits in regulating the division of land within the Pasco Urban Growth Area to promote the health, safety, convenience, comfort, urban infill, prosperity, and general welfare of the present and future residents of the Pasco Urban Growth Area; and WHEREAS, the 2018-2038 Pasco Comprehensive Plan Land Use Policy 4-C encourages the development of walkable communities by increasing mixed -use developments that provide households with neighborhood and commercial shopping opportunities, and WHEREAS, the 2018-2038 Pasco Comprehensive Plan Land Use Policy 4-F supports mixed-use, smart growth, and compact developments with transit and pedestrian amenities that promote a healthy community, and WHEREAS, in January 2021, the Pasco City Council adopted Ordinance No . 4514, establishing a new Waterfront Development District, in collaboration with the Port of Pasco and their efforts to develop Osprey Pointe, and WHEREAS, the 2018-2038 Pasco Comprehensive Plan designates multiple areas of the city with the “Mixed Residential and Commercial Land Use” but not currently have a zoning district to facilitate the intent of the land use classification, and WHEREAS, the proposed Mixed-Use District would carry out the intentions of the Comprehensive Plan and the Mixed Residential and Commercial Land Use designation, and WHEREAS, the proposed Mixed-Use District would amend the Waterfront Development District, be renamed the Mixed-Use District, allowing for Mixed-Use developments citywide consistent with the Comprehensive Plan, and WHEREAS, the proposed amendment implements community visioning, public agency plans, and addresses the regions needs for housing and walkable, complete neighborhoods. NOW, THEREFORE, THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PASCO, WASHINGTON, DO ORDAIN AS FOLLOWS: Section 1. That Section 25.20.010 entitled “Establishment of zoning districts” of the Pasco Municipal Code shall be and hereby is amended and shall read as follows: Page 22 of 355 Ordinance – Amending PMC – 25.127 - 2 25.20.010 Establishment of zoning districts. For the purpose of promoting the public health, safety, morals, and general welfare of the City, the City is divided into the following types of zones: R-T District Residential Transition District R-S-20 District Residential Suburban District R-S-12 District Residential Suburban District R-S-1 District Low-Density Suburban Residential District R-1 District Low-Density Residential District R-1-A District Low-Density Residential Alternative District R-1-A2 District Low-Density Residential Alternative District R-2 District Medium-Density Residential District R-3 District Medium-Density Residential District R-4 District High-Density Residential District RP District Residential Park District O District Office District C-1 District Retail Business District C-2 District Central Business District C-2 Overlay District Central Business Overlay District C-3 District General Business District C-R District Regional Commercial District BP District Business Park District I-182 Overlay District I-182 Corridor Overlay District I-1 District Light Industrial District I-2 District Medium Industrial District I-3 District Heavy Industrial District WD MU Waterfront Development District Mixed-Use District Page 23 of 355 Ordinance – Amending PMC – 25.127 - 3 Section 2. That a Chapter 25.127 entitled “Waterfront Development District” of the Pasco Municipal Code shall be and is hereby created and shall read as follows: Chapter 25.127 Waterfront Development District Mixed-Use District Sections: 25.127.010 Purpose. 25.127.013 Relation to other codes. 25.127.015 Terms defined. 25.127.020 Permitted uses. 25.127.030 Permitted accessory uses. 25.127.040 Conditional uses. 25.127.050 Prohibited uses. 25.127.060 Unlisted uses. 25.127.070 Development standards. 25.127.010 Purpose. The purpose of the waterfront development (WD) district is to allow the location of a compatible mix of commercial, residential, , and recreational uses on parcels situated close to the Columbia River waterfront and within the Osprey Pointe property, historically owned by the Port of Pasco. The purpose of the mixed use (MU) district is to allow the location of a compatible and integrated mix of commercial (and office, education and government uses) with residential uses, as established within the comprehensive plan. This zone district is intended to provide a high level of diversity in housing types including townhouses and flats in mid-rise buildings ranging from two to six stories to move toward the city’s land use and housing goals and policies relating to density and a broad range of housing types, as required under the Growth Management Act, Chapter 36.70A RCW. In addition, ground floor neighborhood-scale commercial and/or office uses are encouraged to create a cohesive bike- and pedestrian-oriented community. These uses are to be designed to complement and support the nearby retail, office, and residential uses and located in resulting in reduced vehicle trips and a more sustainable and convenient environment with potential access to transit. 25.127.013 Relation to other codes. (1) This chapter sets out standards for site development and as such the overlay districts identifying area-specific standards for aesthetics and design (i.e. the Commercial Corridors Design Standards in Chapter 25.135 PMC and the I- 182 Corridor Overlay District in Chapter 25.130 PMC) do not apply to property zoned MU. (2) This zone is not to be considered a “residential” zone for purposes of interpretation of other Title 25 regulations. Page 24 of 355 Ordinance – Amending PMC – 25.127 - 4 25.127.015 Terms defined. “Artisan manufacturing” means small-scale businesses that manufacture artisan goods or specialty foods. Small manufacturing production primarily focuses on direct sales rather than the wholesale market. “Osprey Pointe” means that geographic area situated close to the Columbia River waterfront and within the property known as Osprey Pointe, historically owned by the Port of Pasco. 25.127.020 Permitted uses. The following uses shall be permitted in the waterfront development mixed-use district: (1) Commercial, office, educational, and government uses: (a) All uses permitted in the “O” Office district; (b) Artisan manufacturing, provided that such uses are intended to be compatible with surrounding development and shall adhere to the following requirements: (i) Structures shall not encompass more than 10,000 square feet of area, and the 10,000 square foot total shall include all indoor storage areas associated with the manufacturing operation. (ii) Outdoor storage is prohibited. (iii) Loading docks. Where the site abuts a residential use, the building wall facing such lot shall not have any service door openings or loading docks oriented toward the residential use. (iv) Public viewing. Artisan manufacturing uses must accommodate public viewing or a customer service space. Public viewing shall be accomplished with windows or glass doors covering at least 25 percent of the front of the building face abutting the street or indoor lobby wall, allowing direct views of manufacturing. The display area may be reduced below 25 percent where fire-rated separation requirements restrict opening size as determined by the building official. A customer service space including a showroom, tasting room, restaurant or retail space may be provided that substitutes for the exterior public viewing area. (v) All uses shall not emit smoke, gas, odor, dust, sound, vibration, soot, heat, glare, or light that is detectable beyond the property line. (c) Banks and financial institutions; (d) Bars, taverns, and craft breweries, boutique wineries, and small-scale distilleries and/or tasting rooms (any production of product shall be small-scale in nature, with annual production limited to 300 barrels per year of beer or equivalent product); Page 25 of 355 Ordinance – Amending PMC – 25.127 - 5 (e) Churches and similar places of worship (Osprey Pointe, only); (f) Dancing schools; (g) Gyms and fitness centers; (h) Hotels and motels; (i) Laundries/dry cleaners; (j) Portable food vending/food trucks; (k) Printing shops; (l) Public or commercial parking garages; (m) Public markets for fresh produce and craft work; (n) Restaurants and eating establishments, including food halls with shared common areas; (o) Stores and shops for the conduct of retail business and similar services in buildings not exceeding 40,000 gross square feet, except that the maximum areas are 80,000 gross square feet at Osprey Pointe, such as: (i) Bakeries, retail for distribution from the premises; (ii) Barber and beauty shops. (iii) Bookstores, except adult bookstores; (iv) Catering establishments; (v) Artist and office supplies; (vi) Florists; (vii) Specialty retail stores; (viii) Museums and art galleries; (ix) Clothing, shoes and accessories, and costume rentals (new/unused materials only); (x) Crafts, stationery, and gift shops; (xi) Department and drug stores; (xii) Grocery or specialty food stores; (xiii) Furniture and home appliance stores; (xiv) Import shops; (xv) Jewelry and gem shops, including custom work; (xvi) Shoe repair shops; (xvii) Sporting goods stores; (xviii) Tailor and seamstress shops; (xix) Upholstery shops; (p) Locksmith shops; (q) Membership clubs; (r) Theaters (movie or live theater); (s) Veterinary clinics serving household pets (no boarding or outdoor treatment facilities); and (t) Universities, colleges, and business, professional, technical, and trade schools. (2) Residential uses: (a) Specific limitations at Osprey Pointe: (a)(i) Single-family detached dwellings may be located west of the alignment of South Maitland Avenue at densities prescribed under PMC 25.127.070; Page 26 of 355 Ordinance – Amending PMC – 25.127 - 6 (b)(ii) Attached single-family dwellings (duplexes and townhouses) may be located east of the extension of South Maitland Avenue, but no further than 500 feet east of the alignment of South Oregon Avenue at densities prescribed under PMC 25.127.070; and (c)(iii) Multifamily dwellings may be located no further than 500 feet east of the alignment of South Oregon Avenue. (b)(iv) Short-term vacation rental uses, and Bed and Breakfasts may be established where residential uses are allowed. (b) Single-family dwellings (including zero-lot-line dwellings); (c) Two-family and multiple (family) dwellings; (d) Recreational facilities for residents (i.e. playground, basketball court, bocce ball court). (3) Recreational and entertainment uses: (a) Specific provisions at Osprey Pointe: (b)(i) Indoor and outdoor event and entertainment uses and facilities (commercial or public), not to exceed fifteen acres; (c)(ii) Marinas and marine repair facilities; (d)(iii) Mixed-use buildings containing any combination of residential, commercial, office, educational, and government facilities in a single building; and (e)(iv) Public and private parks and trails. (b) Indoor and outdoor event and entertainment uses and facilities (commercial or public) 25.127.030 Permitted accessory uses. (1) Accessory dwelling units when associated with a permitted residential use; (2) Family home childcare in conformance with WAC 170-296A-0010; (3) Sheds not exceeding 200 square feet provided they are located in the rear yard of residential uses or a place of business and attached to the primary structure; (4) Private parking lots and garages meeting the development standards of this chapter; (5) Storage facilities accessory to multifamily dwellings for the sole use of residents; (6) Home occupations in accordance with PMC 25.150; and (7) Alcoholic beverage sales; and (8) Private streets, meeting the standards of PMC 25.127.070(14). (9) The keeping of dogs and cats, provided such number of animals does not exceed three dogs and three cats; (10) Swimming pools; and (11) Plazas, courtyard, water features (such as fountains and cascading water features) and other outdoor gathering spaces and amenities. Page 27 of 355 Ordinance – Amending PMC – 25.127 - 7 25.127.040 Conditional uses The following uses are permitted subject to the approval of special permit as provided in Chapter 25.200 PMC: (1) Retail, wholesale, and department stores and shops exceeding a gross floor area of 40,000 square feet (or exceeding 80,000 square feet at Osprey Pointe); (2) Landscape gardening and storage area for equipment and materials, provided that plants and materials are located behind a building and are not visible from the public right-of-way or residential uses; (3) Nursing homes and assisted living facilities; (4) Marine gas sales; (5) Gasoline and service stations; (6) Drive-thru uses,; and provided that drive-through aisles shall provide adequate on-site queuing and circulation for users (motorized and non- motorized); (7) Indoor and outdoor event and entertainment uses and facilities (commercial or public), exceeding fifteen acres; and (8) Exceptions to maximum building heights listed in 25.127.070(9). ;and (9) Churches and similar places of worship (Not applicable to Osprey Pointe) 25.127.050 Prohibited uses. The following uses are prohibited in the WD MU district: (1) All uses permitted conditionally in the I-2 Medium Industrial district; (2) Automobile assembly, services, or repair; (3) Vehicle rental; (4) Tire stores; (5) Car washes; (6) Automobile detail shops; (7) Automobile sales; (8) Auto body shops; (9) Mini-storage facilities; (10) Pawn shops; (11) Card rooms and bingo parlors; (12) Secondhand dealers – similar or like uses although not specifically listed are also prohibited; (13) Adult bookstores or entertainment facilities; (14) Truck stops – diesel fuel sales; (15) Truck terminals; (16) Heavy machinery sales and service; (17) Contractor’s plant or storage yards; (18) Mobile home and trailer sales and service; (19) Veterinarian clinics for livestock, including outdoor treatment facilities; (20) Pharmaceutical laboratories; (21) Industrial medical facilities; (22) Any outdoor manufacturing, testing, processing, or similar activity; Page 28 of 355 Ordinance – Amending PMC – 25.127 - 8 (23) On-site hazardous substance processing and handling or hazardous waste treatment and storage facilities; (24) Kennels and animal boarding facilities; (25) The manufacturing, compounding, processing, packaging of cosmetics, pharmacology, and the reducing and refining of fats and oils; (26) Junkyards, automobile wrecking yards, scrap iron, scrap paper, or rag storage, sorting, or baling; (27) Cemeteries; (28) Recreational vehicle parks; and (29) Outdoor storage of RVs, boats, and trailers.; and (30) Single Room Occupancy units. 25.127.060 Unlisted uses. All unlisted uses shall be classified as conditional uses and require a special use permit under PMC 25.200. 25.127.070 Development standards. (1) All structures, uses, and shoreline modifications shall comply with the City of Pasco Shoreline Master Program (Chapter 29.15 PMC), where applicable. (2) Minimum Density. (a) Commercial, office, education and government uses: none. (b) Residential uses: 14 units/net acre average for residential portions of the WD district Osprey Pointe (net acre excludes infrastructure, such as roads, utility easements, stormwater infrastructure, and excludes critical areas, and applies to the entire WD district rather than to individual developments). Additionally, residential uses shall not comprise more than 50 percent of the gross land area within the WD district Osprey Pointe. (c) Residential Uses: the minimum density is seven units per net acre. For the purposes of this subsection, net acre excludes infrastructure (such as roads, utility easements, stormwater infrastructure), excludes critical areas, and excludes other unbuildable areas such as any required landscape buffer areas, fire lanes and parking lots, and applies to the entire MU district rather than to individual developments. (3) Minimum Lot Area at Osprey Pointe. (a) Commercial, office, education and government uses: none. (b) Residential uses: 1,000 square feet (single family detached), 1,500 square feet per unit (duplex and single-family attached). There is no minimum lot area for multifamily dwellings. (4) Minimum Lot Width at Osprey Pointe. (a) Commercial, office, education and government uses: none. (b) Residential uses: 35 feet (single family detached), 20 feet per unit (duplex and single-family attached). There is no minimum lot width for multifamily dwellings. Page 29 of 355 Ordinance – Amending PMC – 25.127 - 9 (5) Lot coverage at Osprey Pointe. Dictated by parking requirements, setbacks and landscaping; (6) Dimensional Standards for lots not located at Osprey Pointe. The following standards shall apply except in cases of a Binding Site Plan or Zero Lot Line development (in which case there are no minimums): (a) Minimum Lot Area. (i) Commercial, office, education and government uses: none. (ii) Residential uses: 1,000 square feet (single-family detached), 1,500 square feet per unit (duplex and single-family attached). There is no minimum lot area for multifamily dwellings. (b) Minimum Lot Width. (i) Commercial, office, education and government uses: none. (ii) Residential uses: 35 feet (single-family detached), 20 feet per unit (duplex and single-family attached). There is no minimum lot width for multifamily dwellings. (c) Lot Coverage. All other uses: Dictated by parking requirements, setbacks and landscaping. (7)(6) Minimum Yard Setbacks - Front. (a) Commercial, office, education and government uses: none. (b) Residential uses: 10 feet (single family detached and attached, and duplexes), 20 feet (garden-style apartments/ condominiums), none for multifamily adjacent to commercial areas or in mixed-use buildings. (8)(7) Minimum Yard Setbacks – Interior Side Yard. (a) Commercial, office, education and government uses: none. (b) Residential uses: 5 feet (for primary structures in single family detached and attached, and duplexes; however, the minimum yard setback is reduced to 3 feet where fire barriers are provided for buildings), 15 feet from other buildings (garden-style apartments/ condominiums), none for multifamily adjacent to commercial areas, in mixed-use buildings or for zero-lot line development. (9)(8) Minimum Yard Setbacks – Street Side Yard And Rear. (a) Commercial, office, education and government uses: none. (b) Residential uses: 10 feet (single family detached and attached, and duplexes; however, the minimum setback for detached garages is 3 feet), 20 feet from other buildings (garden-style apartments/ condominiums), none for multifamily adjacent to commercial areas or in mixed-use buildings. (10)(9) Maximum Building Height. (a) At Osprey Pointe (a)(i) Commercial, office, education and government uses: 60 feet (b)(ii) Residential uses: 35 feet (single family detached and duplexes), 40 feet (single-family attached and garden-style apartments/ condominiums), 90 feet (multifamily adjacent to commercial areas or in mixed-use buildings). (b) At all other locations Page 30 of 355 Ordinance – Amending PMC – 25.127 - 10 (i) Commercial, office, education and government uses: maximum 85 feet, except a greater height may be approved by special permit. (ii) Residential uses: maximum 15 feet for accessory buildings; maximum 40 feet for detached single-family, duplexes; maximum 45 feet for garden-style courtyard apartments/condominiums; maximum 90 feet for multifamily adjacent to commercial areas or in mixed-use buildings; except that in all cases a greater height may be approved by special permit. (iii) Nothing in this chapter precludes the use of rooftop decks or permitted uses to be permitted on the roof provided that building codes are met. (11)(10) Fences and Hedges. (a) Fences and walls shall meet the requirements of PMC 25.180, with the following exceptions: i. Fences and walls shall be constructed using a combination of natural materials such as wood, stone, or brick including those on industrially used properties. ii. Barbed wire and electrified fencing are prohibited on all properties; (12)(11) Parking and Loading. (a) All new uses in the WD MU district must provide parking in accordance with Table 25.127(1). The Community and Economic Development Director may approve ratios lower than the minimum if the new use provides bicycle parking, includes access to an improved bus stop, or will have shared parking spaces. See subsection (d), (e), and (f) of this section pertaining to parking reductions. The Community and Economic Development Director shall determine parking requirements for unlisted uses. Uses which are not listed in the table shall have parking requirements of the nearest analogous use which is included in the table, as determined by the Community and Economic Development Director. If the number of minimum off-street parking spaces required in PMC 25.127(1) contains a fraction, the number shall be rounded up if the fraction is equal to or greater than one-half, and rounded down if less than one-half (b) On-street parking or off-street public parking lots may be used in combination with dedicated off-street parking to accommodate parking demand from individual developments. (c) On-street and off-street public parking may be time-limited, metered, or otherwise restricted in order to ensure that parking demand from individual developments does not adversely impact parking availability for the district as a whole and may be managed by either the Port (in the case of Osprey Pointe property), City or an Association/Business Entity (depending on public or private Page 31 of 355 Ordinance – Amending PMC – 25.127 - 11 ownership). Parking spaces must be located within 500 feet of the proposed use unless the use is listed under the “Recreational and Entertainment Use” category in Table 25.127(1) in which case parking may be located off-site, provided that if the parking facility is under different ownership, a written agreement or lease is required. No more than 30 percent of the minimum parking requirement for an individual use may be on-street spaces or off-street public spaces more than 500 feet away from the proposed use except as noted above. (d) Bicycle parking reduction. For every five bicycle parking spaces provided, the number of vehicle parking spaces may be reduced by one up to maximum of 10 percent of the minimum number of spaces otherwise required. (e) Bus stop Transit reduction. Where an improved, permanent bus stop (i.e., bus shelter) is located within 1,000 feet of a use, If a site is within ¼ mile of a current, planned, or proposed public transportation facility or service, the required number of parking stalls may be reduced by ten percent. (f) Shared Uses. Owners of two or more uses, structures, or parcels of land within 500 feet of each other may share the same parking area when the hours of operation do not overlap. Whenever shared parking is allowed under this section, the parking lot shall be signed so as to reasonably notify the public of the availability of use, and spaces shall not be assigned, allocated or reserved between uses; a notarized and recorded parking agreement shall be required for shared parking between two or more separate tax parcels under separate ownership. (g) Special event parking lots used on an infrequent basis such as those associated with seasonal play fields shall be exempt from provisions of this chapter. (h) No boat, motor home, camp trailer, trailer, fifth wheel, pickup camper, snowmobile, or utility trailer as defined in PMC Title 25 shall be stored or maintained on any public street, right-of-way, or other public areas. Table 25.127(1): Number of Minimum Required and Maximum Allowed Parking Spaces by Use in the WD MU District Use Category Minimum Maximum COMMERCIAL, OFFICE, EDUCATIONAL, AND GOVERNMENT USES (per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area unless otherwise specified) Churches, places of worship, clubs, fraternal societies 1 per 100 square feet main assembly area 1 per 60 square feet of main assembly area Commercial lodging (hotel, motel, bed and breakfast, short-term vacation rentals) 0.5 per room 1 per room Educational Uses Page 32 of 355 Ordinance – Amending PMC – 25.127 - 12 Elementary schools 1 per classroom and 1 per employee 1.5 per classroom Middle schools 1 per classroom 2 per classroom High school 7 per classroom 10.5 per classroom Universities, colleges, business, professional, technical and trade schools 0.3 per full-time student and 0.8 per employee 0.5 per FTE student and 0.8 per employee Gyms or fitness centers 3 per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area 5 per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area Museums and art galleries 2.5 per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area 4 per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area Offices: Administrative, Professional, Government 2 when located on the ground floor; 1 when located on floors above the ground floor 4 when located on the ground floor; 1 when located on floors above the ground floor Portable food vendors/food trucks None required None required Restaurants/bars/ breweries, wineries, and distilleries 0.5 per 3 seats 1.0 per 3 seats Retail sales and services 3 per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area 5 per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area Wholesale sales 3 per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area 5 per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area RESIDENTIAL USES (per unit unless otherwise specified) Single-family detached 1 per unit 2 per unit Accessory dwelling units 0.5 per unit 1 per unit Single-family attached and two-family dwellings 1 per unit 2 per unit Multifamily dwellings 0.75 per unit 1.5 per unit Nursing homes and assisted living facilities 0.25 per bed 0.5 per bed RECREATIONAL AND ENTERTAINMENT USES (per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area unless otherwise specified) Public and private parks and trails To be determined during land use approval process Event entertainment (indoor or outdoor)* *Does not apply to parking for special events such as but not limited to concerts or performances with conveyance options (such as shuttle buses or vans) or shared parking within walking distance 1 per 8 seats 1 per 5 seats Theaters 1 per 4 seats 1 per 2.7 seats Page 33 of 355 Ordinance – Amending PMC – 25.127 - 13 INSTITUTIONAL USES (per 1,000 square feet of net floor area unless otherwise specified) Hospitals and clinics 1 per bed or exam room 1.5 per bed or exam room Police and fire stations 2 per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area 4 per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area (13)(12) Landscaping. (a) Surface parking lots shall be landscaped in accordance with PMC 25.180.070. (b) Single-family detached and attached residences and duplexes shall be landscaped in accordance with PMC 25.180.050(4). (c) Single-use commercial property shall be screened in accordance with 25.180.050(3). Commercially used property in multistory and/or mixed-use buildings are exempt from landscaping screening requirements. (d) No landscape areas shall contain artificial grass, trees, plants or other artificial materials as a live vegetative substitute. (e) There shall be at least one tree and three shrubs for every 300 square feet of landscaped area. (f) All landscape maintenance shall comply with the provisions of PMC 25.180.120. (g) Road Frontage. (i) Landscaped buffers on commercial properties adjacent to or across a public or private street or alley from residentially zoned properties must be a minimum of 15 feet in width and may additionally serve as a swale for stormwater provided that at least 50 percent of the total area is vegetated. Landscaped buffers may be substituted for a plaza with an average minimum width of thirty feet featuring two or more of the following features: street trees in pits, planters that are a minimum of three feet wide and three feet tall featuring vegetation, space for shaded outdoor seating (permanent or non-permanent), benches, stamped concrete or pavers, protruding awnings, planted beds, ledges for seating, public art, monument signage, wayfinding signage; such plaza additionally serves to substitute for the need of any sidewalk provided that an eight-foot wide unobstructed walking path is established and maintained. (ii) Landscaping in the unused portion of the right-of-way shall match the established landscaping pattern and theme for the street. (h) Pedestrian Walkways. (i) Excluding pedestrian connections through parking lots, walkways shall be landscaped their entire length. Trees shall be a minimum Page 34 of 355 Ordinance – Amending PMC – 25.127 - 14 of three feet from sidewalks and curbs at the time of planting, except: (a) where tree wells are utilized (b) where sidewalks exceed eight feet in width, in which case a five-foot walking area shall be reserved. (14)(13) Transportation. (a) The internal transportation network of the Waterfront District Osprey Pointe shall be designed to maximum maximize multi-modal travel options. (b) All transportation infrastructure shall meet the intent of the City Complete Streets Ordinance (PMC 12.15) and comply with the International Fire Code. Dedication of public right-of-way is not required when private streets are used. (15)(14) Design Standards (Transportation Osprey Pointe). (a) Applicability. This section applies to development located at Osprey Pointe. (a)(b) Speed Limits: 20 MPH (b)(c) Sidewalk Widths: • Residential: Minimum 6’ • Commercial/Mixed Use: Minimum: 10’ (c)(d) Local Access Streets: • Driving Lane Minimum width: 11’ • Parking Lane Minimum width: 8’ • Dedicated Bicycle Lane: minimum width: 5’ (where included) (d)(e) Alleys: • Minimum: 20’ width (e)(f) Private Street/Lane: (i) Private street improvements for streets providing access to uses which are not single-family residential shall meet the standards for Local Access Roads, at a minimum, with the exception being that sidewalk must be present on at least one side and on-street parking must be present on one side. This will result in a roadway section, with curb and gutter, that measures 31' back-to-back of curb. Street lighting will be provided per the type chosen at the developer’s discretion. (ii) Private street improvements for streets providing access to single-family residential uses shall be designed to meet International Fire Code requirements for fire apparatus, including pavement markings and signage for “No Parking – Fire Lane.” Sidewalks are not required when ped estrian paths are provided with a design accommodating pedestrian circulation which is separated from vehicle traffic movements. Streets lighting will be provided per the type chosen at the developer’s discretion. Page 35 of 355 Ordinance – Amending PMC – 25.127 - 15 (iii) Private streets must not interfere with vehicle, public transportation, or non-motorized access to public areas, and may not preclude the connection of the transportation system. (iv) Storm water facilities must be designed to treat and retain all storm water on-site without any runoff entering City of Pasco right- of-way. (v) Every private street within the district shall be named, and names shall be clearly posted in accordance with the Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) standard. (16) Design Standards (Transportation). (a) Applicability. This section does not apply to development located at Osprey Pointe. (b) All street improvements, grades, widths, construction, and design shall comply with the standard and specifications as set forth in the City’s adopted Standard Specifications, except as otherwise contained in this section. (c) Street layout must be designed for street connectivity between neighborhoods, be pedestrian and bicycle friendly, and promote function, safety and aesthetics with minimum adverse environmental impact. (d) Block Length. Blocks shall not exceed six-hundred feet unless no other practicable alternative is available, as determined by CED Director. (e) Cul-de-Sac Streets. Cul-de-sacs are not permitted. However, subject to the following, a cul-de-sac street may be allowed where the CED Director determines that environmental or topographical constraints, existing development patterns, legal restrictions, or compliance with other applicable city requirements preclude a street extension. Where the city determines that a cul-de-sac is the only reasonable option, all of the following standards shall be met: i. Cul-de-sac streets shall have a maximum length of three-hundred feet measured from their centerline intersection with the public access street right-of-way to the turnaround. ii. The cul-de-sac shall provide, or not preclude the opportunity to later install, a pedestrian and bicycle access way between it and adjacent developable lands. (f) Private Streets. Private streets may be allowed subject to the following: i. Private street improvements shall meet the standards for local access roads. ii. An enhanced pedestrian path may be provided in lieu of sidewalk construction where the design to accommodate pedestrian circulation is separated from vehicle traffic movements. iii. Street lighting will be provided per the type chosen at the developer’s discretion. iv. Private streets must not interfere with vehicle, public transportation or nonmotorized access to public areas, and may not preclude the connection of the transportation system. Page 36 of 355 Ordinance – Amending PMC – 25.127 - 16 v. Storm water facilities must be designed to treat and retain all storm water on site without any runoff entering City of Pasco right-of- way. vi. Every private street within the district shall be named, and names shall be clearly posted in accordance with the Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) standard. (17) Building Design Standards. (a) Applicability. This section does not apply to development located at Osprey Pointe. (b) Intent. The intent of this section is to implement the goals and policies of the Comprehensive Plan by promoting high quality development using aesthetically pleasing designs, creating a safe pedestrian-oriented streetscape, and upgrading Pasco’s visual identity, and reduce the impact of parking lots and blank walls. (c) All buildings within a multi-building complex must achieve unity of design through the use of similar architectural elements, such as roof form, exterior building design and materials, colors and window patterns. (d) All new buildings shall have exterior walls that are constructed of at least one but not more than three of the following materials: wood, brick, stucco, steel, block, glass, or composite materials and shall have textured, embossed, sculpted or painted finishes. Exterior walls must include more than two of the following architectural features: columns, pilasters, belt courses, brackets, arches, decorative molding, quoins and similar architectural features. Changes in materials shall occur at inside corners and not outside corners. (e) All new retail buildings shall have windows, doors or display areas that cover 50 percent of the ground floor frontage wall area (walls that face frontage streets). Structures facing residential zones or developments are not required to have a minimum amount of glass or display area but must have architectural design features and/or building modulation. (f) Pedestrian entries for all structures shall be visible from the frontage street, driveways, and off-street parking areas. Pedestrian entries must be emphasized through landscaped entry approaches consistent with the building design and theme, by the use of modulation to emphasize indentation or protrusion of that portion of the building containing the entrance, or by the inclusion of porte-cochere or other covered entry methods. (g) Signage affixed to the building must be no higher than the roofline of the building. (h) Wall-mounted electrical and mechanical equipment shall be located on the less visible side of the building and obscured from public view. (i) Sidewalk seating. Any food or drink establishment may provide sidewalk seating for its customers adjacent to the place of business meeting the following provisions: Page 37 of 355 Ordinance – Amending PMC – 25.127 - 17 a. Five feet of unobstructed sidewalk must be maintained at all times for through travel. b. If the sidewalk is located in the Right-of-Way, the placement of tables shall be subject to the filing of a satisfactory hold-harmless agreement and primary liability insurance policy suitable to the City Attorney which will indemnify the City and release it from liability. (18) Screening Standards. (a) Applicability. This section does not apply to development at Osprey Pointe. (b) All equipment, material or goods not housed or stored within the primary structure shall be within a 100 percent sight-obscuring fence, wall or structure, with the exception that outdoor garden sales areas associated with retail buildings must additionally incorporate false walls in the fencing design that match or complement the architectural features of the main building walls. (c) Gas meters, electric service boxes and other mechanical equipment shall be screened from public view by sight-obscuring fence, walls or planting materials. (19) Temporary Business Standards. (a) Applicability. This section does not apply to development at Osprey Pointe. (b) Temporary businesses are only permitted on lots that are fully developed with curb, gutter and sidewalk and improved with parking lots, landscaping and buildings. (c) Temporary businesses must be located at least 100 feet from the property line of any residentially zoned property. (d) Goods, wares and merchandise of any kind can only be displayed or offered for sale from the temporary business vehicle or conveyance. (e) Limited ancillary or accessory equipment may be utilized with a temporary business and must be temporary in nature and easily removable, such as coolers, umbrellas, tents, tables, and chairs. The following types of ancillary or accessory equipment are not permitted to be used with a temporary business, including but not limited to: benches, picnic tables, propane tanks, awnings, carport structures, satellite dishes, recreational equipment, amusement devices, entertainment equipment, portable or temporary shelters, portable heaters, temporary lighting fixtures, decorative lighting, freezers/refrigerators not located on the business vehicle, carpet, fencing, and faux landscape elements. (f) Signage is only permitted on the temporary business vehicle and not on public right-of-way or in parking lots. (g) No advertising for services, activities and products that are not available on or from the temporary business vehicle is permitted. (h) Temporary businesses must be located at least 25 feet from any public right-of-way. Page 38 of 355 Ordinance – Amending PMC – 25.127 - 18 (i) Temporary businesses must locate in an area of the parking lot that will not impede fire lanes or the use of drive aisles within and around parking lots. (j) Required off-street parking cannot be diminished by the location and operation of a temporary business except such parking spaces may be used for temporary businesses on weekends or holidays. (20) Sign Standards. (a) Applicability. This section does not apply to development located at Osprey Pointe. (b) No sign shall be erected, re-erected, constructed, painted, posted, applied or structurally altered except as provided in this section and pursuant to the approval of the Director of Community and Economic Development. All signs shall comply with the International Building Code and PMC Title 17 and conform to the following. (c) Prohibited Signs. i. Signs, which by coloring, shape, wording or location resemble or conflict with traffic control signs or devices; ii. Signs that create a safety hazard. (d) Permitted Signs. i. Permanent subdivision signs or area name signs of a permanent character at street entrances or entrances to a specific area or development. These signs shall not exceed six feet in height; ii. Temporary banners, flags, pennants which are maintained in good condition; iii. Contractor, architect or engineer signs that identify the project are permitted during the period of construction; iv. Standard official, directional, informational, warning, or safety signs and street signs; and v. Portable reader boards, flashing, movable, or moving signs provided that such signs must not be located in view of any residentially zoned land located within 300 feet of the sign. (e) Nonconforming Signs. i. Signs that were permanently installed and legally erected prior to the adoption of this ordinance shall be allowed to remain in use so long as they are continuously maintained (f) Relief. i. Where relief is sought from the provisions of this section pertaining to signage standards, an application shall be made in the form of a letter explaining the relief sought and the reasons therefor, accompanied by a scaled site plan and a $100.00 fee. The complete application shall be filed with the Director of Community and Economic Development. Within 15 working days from the date of receipt of a complete application, the Director of Community and Economic Development shall issue a written decision to approve, approve with modifications, or deny the request for relief. Any decision of the Director of Community and Page 39 of 355 Ordinance – Amending PMC – 25.127 - 19 Economic Development may be appealed to the City Council if written notice of appeal, which shall include all and exclusive reasons for said appeal, is filed with the Director of Community and Economic Development within 10 working days from the date of the decision. In the event a written decision is not issued by the Director of Community and Economic Development within the required time period, the application for relief shall automatically constitute a qualified and properly filed notice of appeal and shall be considered by the City Council in accordance with this section. The City Council, within 30 calendar days from the date of filing of the appeal, shall consider the appeal at a regular meeting thereof, but such consideration shall be limited to the reasons included in the written notice of appeal and shall include the written decision of the Director of Community and Economic Development and the reasons therefor. The City Council may affirm, modify or reverse the decision of the Director of Community and Economic Development. (21) Design Recommendations (Structures, Site Planning and Landscaping). (a) Applicability. This section does not apply to development located at Osprey Pointe. (b) Desirable Elements of Project Design. The following design elements are desirable and highly encouraged: i. Significant wall articulation (insets, pop outs, columns, canopies, wing walls, trellises); ii. Natural wall materials including stucco, stone, brick, clapboard, and ceramic tile; iii. Multi-planed roofs; iv. Full roof treatments; v. Roof overhangs, arcades, plazas and outdoor dining areas; vi. Traditional storefront design (i.e. use of recessed or sheltered arcade or porch entries, use of awnings, doors with a high percentage of glass to frame, service entries/ facilities and refuse containers screened from view); vii. Articulated mass and bulk oriented to pedestrian/village scale; viii. Significant landscape and hardscape elements; ix. Shared access driveways (for new and larger developments); x. Use of parking drives and courts or other open spaces on the site to help buffer the buildings from any adjacent incompatible land uses; xi. Landscaped and screened parking and loading; xii. Pedestrian orientation and scale; and xiii. Upper floors that feature a step-back. Page 40 of 355 Ordinance – Amending PMC – 25.127 - 20 c) Undesirable Elements of Project Design. The following design elements are discouraged or may be prohibited in other sections of the Pasco Municipal Code: i. Large blank, flat wall surfaces; ii. Unpainted concrete, slump stone, or corrugated metal; iii. Highly reflective surfaces (mirror windows); iv. Plastic siding; v. Large front yard setbacks accommodating parking; vi. Visible outdoor storage, loading, and equipment areas; d) Prohibited Elements of Project Design. The following design elements are prohibited: i. Disjointed parking areas and awkward circulation patterns; ii. Overabundance of access driveways, or unsafe locations; and iii. Large commercial development across numerous lots, without pedestrian orientation. Section 3. This Ordinance shall take full force and effect five (5) days after approval, passage and publication as required by law. PASSED by the City Council of the City of Pasco, Washington, on this ____ day of ______________, 2023. _____________________________ Blanche Barajas Mayor ATTEST: APPROVED AS TO FORM: _____________________________ ___________________________ Debra Barham, CMC Kerr Ferguson Law, PLLC City Clerk City Attorneys Published: _________________________ Page 41 of 355 Page 1 of 1 TO: Jacob Gonzales DATE: 9/27/2022 FROM: Nicole Stickney PROJECT NO.: 2220070.30 PROJECT NAME: Elite - Mixed Use Zoning SUBJECT: Proposal Narrative The following provides a brief overview of the proposal (zoning text amendment) we submitted last month to amend PMC 25.127. Thank you for your assistance with this process. The Pasco Comprehensive Plan designates multiple areas of the city with the land use classification of "Mixed Residential Commercial," but does not currently have a zoning district to facilitate mixed uses throughout the City. Accordingly, we propose that the City Council amend Pasco Municipal Code (PMC) Chapter 25.127 (Waterfront Development Dist.) which was written for the lands near the Columbia River at Osprey Pointe. We suggest the chapter be renamed to “Mixed Use (MU) District” and we have proposed a set of modifications to the code . These modifications are recommended to allow a compatible, integrated mix of commercial (and office, education, and government uses) and residential uses, and to carry out the comprehensive plan (particularly the Mixed Residential Commercial land use classification). The amendment of Chapter 25.127 would broaden the applicability of the chapter, so that the zoning code would apply city-wide (and no longer be specific to only Osprey Pointe). The zoning district would be an implementing zone that could be assigned to properties classified as “Mixed Residential Commercial” on the city’s Land Use Map. •The Mixed Use (MU) zoning designation would fill the current gap between the Comprehensive Plan (which has a Mixed Residential Commercial” designation on the City’s Land Use map) and the zoning regulations of Pasco, in order to carry out the goals of the comprehensive plan. The zoning text amendment would be a citywide change and would impact properties adjacent to any areas rezoned in the future to the MU designation. This designation would be compatible with a range of uses including residential, office, retail, public services, schools, and other uses. •The proposed zoning text amendment would carry out the intentions of the Comprehensive Plan and the "Mixed Residential Commercial" land use designation. This includes expanding housing options while potentially reducing car dependency (see Goals in the Land Use (LU), Housing (H) and Transportation (TR) Elements, numbered LU-4, LU-5, LU-6, H-1, H-3, and TR-1). •The proposal to amend the zoning district is intended to provide a high level of diversity in housing types and move toward the city’s land use and housing goals relating to density. Ground floor, neighborhood- scale commercial and/or office uses are encouraged to create a cohesive pedestrian-oriented community. The creation of growth opportunities, and infill, within the UGA of the City is in alignment with the goals of the GMA to reduce sprawl, which in-turn, reduces energy needs and reliance on natural resources. Moreover, this also complements the work that staff has recently engaged in, working on implementing the city’s first Housing Action Plan. •Implementation of the proposed zoning text amendment and subsequent development could foster a mix of uses located in proximity to one another, such as commercial and residential uses. This then may lead to a potential decrease in energy and natural resources uses, facilitating residents to reduce automobile commute times to/ from home to work and to/from other activities. c: J. Trinidad (Trini) Garibay, CEO/ Co-Founder: Elite Construction + Development EXHIBIT B Page 42 of 355 SUMMARY OF MAJOR CHANGES (NOT AN EXHAUSTIVE LIST) Criteria/Regulation Recommendation Rationale Chapter Change Waterfront to Mixed Use District Implements the Comprehensive Plan land use designation and goals and policies; applies to a wider area Relation to other Codes This zone will not be considered a “residential” zone for purposes of interpreting other Title 25 regulations There are codes that discuss spacing or other development standards that relate to residentially zoned areas (i.e. PMC 25.165.205, 25.165.050(2)(a)) Permitted Commercial Use Outside of Osprey Pointe store / shop size is 40,000 gross square feet (compared with 80,000) - larger is allowed with a CUP Encourage neighborhood stores and specialty centers; encourage right-sizing the retail for compatibility with residential Prohibited Uses Added “Single Room Occupancy Units” as a prohibited use There is a current moratorium on SRO’s – these can be studied and amended later, if desired Dimensional Standards (outside of Osprey Pointe) Same as existing, create a separate section to distinguish between Osprey Pointe and City-Wide Separate standards are created to maintain the original site- specific code of Osprey Pointe, and to develop code for the purposes of City-wide implementation. While theses standards are currently proposed to be identical we want to structure the code so that future changes could be made in a straight-forward fashion. Maximum Building Height at all other locations (outside of Osprey Pointe) •Commercial, office, education and government uses: maximum 85’ except with a special permit •Residential accessory: 15’ •Residential detached single-family and duplex: 40’ •Residential courtyard apartments/condos: 45’ •Multifamily adjacent to commercial areas or in mixed-use buildings: 90’ The proposed height limits for single-family detached, duplexes, and courtyard apartments / condominiums are consistent with R-3 and R-4. Landscaping •Materials and spacing requirements Provide a higher standard for area beautification; creates a EXHIBIT C Page 43 of 355 • Road frontage landscape buffers on commercial properties adjacent to or across from residential zones • Landscaping on pedestrian walkways buffer between residentially zoned properties Design standards (transportation) (outside of Osprey Pointe1) Cul-de-sac prohibition, maximum block length, and private street allowance Provides flexibility in street design; promotes a walkable and bikeable area; improve street connectivity and promote safety Building design standards (outside of Osprey Pointe) Requirements for architectural elements, exterior wall materials, frontage walls, pedestrian entry treatments, and electrical / mechanical equipment screening, and allowance for sidewalk seating Similar to I-182 overlay standards. The intent is to implement the goals and policies of the Comprehensive Plan by promoting high quality development using aesthetically pleasing designs, creating a safe pedestrian-oriented streetscape, and upgrading Pasco’s visual identity, and reduce the impact of parking lots and blank walls. Screening standards (outside of Osprey Pointe) Screening of equipment, materials and goods behind 100% sight obscuring fence, wall or structure Similar to I-182 overlay standards. Promote high quality urban areas. Temporary business standards (outside of Osprey Pointe) Allows temporary businesses. Includes regulations for temporary businesses on siting, accessory equipment, and signage. Similar to I-182 overlay standards. Provides limitations on accessory equipment to keep the business temporary Sign standards (outside of Osprey Pointe) Requirements for signs including permitted and prohibited signs. Establishes relief. Similar to the I-182 overlay standards. Protect against unsafe signs and recognize speech rights. Design requirements (structures, site planning, and landscaping) (outside of Osprey Pointe) Creates desirable and undesirable elements of project design to encourage and discourage certain design elements. Allows for flexibility in design as design is often contextually based. 1 These additional design standards / requirements are not proposed at Osprey Pointe as some property has already been developed with certain standards. The Osprey Pointe site is under a master development agreement. Page 44 of 355 MEMORANDUM TO PLANNING COMMISSION PLANNING COMMISSION MEETING City Hall – 525 North Third Avenue – Council Chambers DATE: THURSDAY, JANUARY 19, 2023 6:30 PM 1 TO: Planning Commission FROM: Jacob B. Gonzalez, Planning Manager SUBJECT: Code Amendment: Mixed Use Zoning District (MF# CA2022-003) Background The City has received a request for a zoning text amendment to the Waterfront Development District Zoning District (WDD) and for the establishment of a new Mixed Use (MU) Zoning District. PMC 25.210.020 states that any person, firm, corporation or group of individuals, or municipal department may petition the Pasco City Council for a zone or text change. The Waterfront Development District (adopted January 2021, via Ordinance No 4514) was established to allow the location of a compatible mix of commercial, residential, and recreational uses on parcels situated close to the Columbia River waterfront and within the Osprey Pointe property, historically owned by the Port of Pasco. Outside of the WDD, the city does not provide development standards or regulations for mixed use projects, sites, or building. The request for a text amendment would identify a set of modifications to the WDD, that would facilitate mixed uses citywide, and implemented under the current Comprehensive Plan Land Use of Mixed Residential and Commercial. The new Mixed Use (MU) Zoning District would allow a compatible, integrated mix of commercial (and office, education, and government uses) and residential uses. Proposal Timeline Date Description October 2022 Planning Commission - Workshop December 2022 Planning Commission – Public Hearing Planning Commission Comments A public hearing with the Pasco Planning Commission was held on December 15, 2022. Several comments and questions were shared by the Planning Commission. These have been paraphrased below along with responses from staff and the amendment applicant. Comment #1 (Commissioner Hendler): Restrictions on cul-de-sacs. Response: Cul-de-sacs are not typically allowed in mixed-use districts due to the emphasis on increased access and providing an environment that is conducive to connectivity and walkability. The proposed ordinance does specific provisions for when a cul-de-sac would be permitted, such as topographic or environmental constraint. EXHIBIT D Page 45 of 355 2 Comment #2 (Chair Cochran): Will the proposed amendment impact the existing Waterfront Development District? Response: No, the proposed amendment will not impact the established regulations that apply to the Osprey Pointe area, as identified in the current version of the Waterfront Development District. The reason for not modifying the regulations that apply to Osprey Pointe is due to the containment of the Osprey Pointe area, which allowed for different regulations, that would not be appropriate at a citywide scale. Comment #3 (Chair Cochran): Are the proposed height thresholds related to the number of allowed stories of a building? Response: Proposed height thresholds would determine the number of stories. An average story is about 10 feet. The Pasco Municipal Code (PMC 25.15.040) defines building height as: “the vertical distance from grade plane to the average height of the highest roof surface.” Below is a simplified representation of this provision: Comment #4 (Chair Cochran): The proposed amendment includes a block length recommendation of 600 feet. Is the block length requirement consistent with other efforts currently in-progress? Response: Mixed-Use sites are intended to provide an increase of access and connectivity created via shorter block sizes, block lengths, through a combination of public rights-of- way, access easements, and private streets. The proposed block length ensures that mixed-use sites are in conformance with best practices and recommendations. City staff agrees and supports the applicant’s proposal for a 600-foot block length in the Mixed-Use Zoning District. Comment #5 (Commissioner Hendler): Do the height restrictions include provisions for sloping roofs? Staff: Roof slopes and heights are governed by the Pasco Municipal Code. PMC 25.15.040 defines building heights as: “the vertical distance from grade plane to the average height Page 46 of 355 3 of the highest roof surface.” The proposed ordinance includes recommendations (not requirements) on building design, with an emphasis on creative and high-quality design. Comment #6 (Commissioner Mendez): Clarification on what the proposed amendment would regulate or change regarding signs. Are they similar to the standards in the Interstate I-182 Overlay District? Response: The proposed amendment will not modify the content of signs. The provisions of Title 17 “Sign Code” of the Pasco Municipal Code govern signs. The proposed amendment specifies specific restrictions on sign placement to reduce or mitigation safety hazards that would pose a threat to public health and safety. The proposed sign standards are similar to those in the Interstate 1-182 Overlay District. Comment #7 (Commissioner Torres): How is the proposes amendment applied citywide, with respects to the Comprehensive Plan? Response: Pending adoption, the proposed Mixed-Use Zoning District would be a permitted zoning district allowed via the Mixed Residential and Commercial Land Use. The 2018-2038 Comprehensive Plan describes the intent of the Mixed Residential and Commercial Land Use is to allow a combination of mixed-use residential and commercial in the same development. The proposed amendment implements the Comprehensive Plan and the Mixed Residential and Commercial Land Use with a new option that is not currently available. Policy Guidance The proposed code amendment would implement and consistent with the following: • 2018-2038 Comprehensive Plan o Land Use Element o Housing Element o Transportation Element • City Council 2022-2023 Goals o Economic Vitality  Implementation of the Comprehensive Land Use Plan through related actions including zoning code changes, phased sign code update, and development regulations and standards. Applicability and Implementation The Mixed-Use Zoning District would be applicable to lands within the Mixed Residential and Commercial Land Use. The Mixed Residential and Commercial Land Use covers approximately 430 acres of lands within the Pasco Urban Growth Area. As indicated in the 2018-2038 Comprehensive Plan, and codified in PMC 25.215.015, the intent of the Mixed Residential and Commercial Land Use is to allow a combination of residential and commercial uses within the Page 47 of 355 4 same development or development site. The Land Use also encourages a variety of housing typologies ranging from single-family to townhomes, apartments, and condominiums at a density of 5 to 29 units per acre. While the Comprehensive Plan encourages mixed-use developments, there is not a zoning district that would enable this citywide. The proposed amendment would implement the Mixed Residential and Commercial Land Use, allowing an applicant to utilize the proposed zoning district to meet the intent of the Comprehensive Plan. Implementation of the proposed code amendment would require a rezone that is conformance with the Comprehensive Plan. For example, a parcel that is currently zoned C-1 in the Mixed Residential and Commercial Land Use, may apply for a rezone to the new MU (Mixed-Use District). This requires a public hearing with the Pasco Hearing Examiner, followed by a final approval by the Pasco City Council. Subsequent permits for buildings and projects would then be required to be in conformance with established district standards. Development Standards As indicated in the background section, the proposed code amendment would modify the existing Waterfront Development Zoning District (WDD) to accommodate mixed-use projects citywide. A summary of proposed changes is attached to the staff report as Exhibit A. The draft ordinance (Exhibit B) provides all proposed changes to the WDD. Environmental Determination City staff issued the Notice of Application for on November 29, 2022. A Determination of Non- Significance was issued on December 28, 2022, indicating that the City has determined the proposal does not have a probable adverse impact on the environment. No comments were received on the SEPA. Staff Report Exhibits • Exhibit A: Summary of Changes • Exhibit B: Draft Ordinance RECOMMENDATION MOTION: I move to close the public hearing on the proposed code amendment for the Mixed- Use Zoning District (CA2022-003) and recommend the Pasco City Council adopt the proposed code amendment as contained in the January 19, 2023, staff report. Page 48 of 355 CALL TO ORDER City of Pasco Planning Commission meeting was called to order at 6:30 p.m., by Chair Jerry Cochran. PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE Chair Cochran led the Pledge of Allegiance. ROLL CALL Commissioners Present: Jerry Cochran, Paul Mendez, Abel Compos, Kim Lehrman, Rachel Teel, Rosa Torres, and Mitchell Moffitt, and Dana Crutchfield, a quorum was declared. Commissioners Absent: Jay Hendler Staff Present: Community & Economic Development Director Rick White, and Senior Planner Jacob Gonzalez and Administrative Assistant II, Carmen Patrick. WELCOME AND ANNOUNCEMENTS Chair Cochran explained the Planning Commission is an advisory board made up of volunteers appointed by City Council. He further explained the purpose of the Planning Commission was to provide recommendations to City Council regarding changes to the City’s Comprehensive Plan, Land Use Updates, Block Grant Allocations and Zoning Code. The Planning Commission is tasked with considering the long-term growth and development of the community, the impact of land use decisions on community, livability, economic opportunity, housing affordability, public services, and the environment. Chair Cochran reminded the audience tonight’s proceedings were being broadcast live on City of Pasco’s Facebook page and on Charter Cable PSC Channel 191 and will be rebroadcast several times during the next month. He stated the meeting was also being recorded and could be watched on City of Pasco’s website, which is Pasco-wa.gov. Click on the VIDEO ON DEMAND link and make your selection there. Chair Cochran stated copies of the meeting agenda were available on the back table. He then asked that everyone silence cell phones to prevent interruptions during the meeting. For those present this evening, when you are given the opportunity to address the Commission, please come to the podium, speak clearly into the microphone, and state your name and city of address for the record. Chair Cochran reminded the audience and the Planning Commission that Washington State Law requires public meetings like the one being held this evening not only be fair, but also appear to be fair. In addition, Washington State Law prohibits Planning Commission members from participating in discussions or decisions in which the member may have a direct interest or may be either benefited or harmed by the Planning Commission’s decision. An objection to any Planning Commission member hearing any matter on tonight’s agenda needs to be aired at this time or it will be waived. Chair Cochran asked if there were any Planning Commission members who have a declaration at this time regarding any of the items on the agenda. Page 49 of 355  No declarations were made. Chair Cochran asked if anyone in the audience objected to any Planning Commission member hearing any of the items on the agenda.  None heard, record shows there were no declarations. Chair Cochran stated the Planning Commission needed and valued public input explaining it helped the Commission understand the issues more clearly and allowed for better recommendations to City Council. Furthermore, in many cases, this could be the only forum for the public to get facts and opinions placed into the official record and City Council will use to make the Commission’s decision. He encouraged those present to take full advantage of this opportunity. APPROVAL OF MINUTES Commissioner Moffitt moved to approve the Planning Commission meeting minutes of December 15, 2022. Commissioner Torres seconded, and the motion carried unanimously. OLD BUSINESS None PUBLIC HEARINGS A. Code Amendment Mixed Use Zoning District (CA2022-001) Good evening members of the Planning Commission. This is a proposal that you've seen before you both in October and November and December of last year. The item was continued from the December meeting to provide some additional opportunity for input and feedback from those in the development community. Background:  The Comprehensive Plan designates multiple areas as “Mixed Residential Commercial: but there is no corresponding zoning code.  Proposal is to amend PMC 25.17, the Waterfront Development District, which was written for Osprey Pointe.  Rename 25.17 to “Mixed Use (MU) District” and modify for City-wide applicability. Comments from the Planning Commission regarding this matter in December:  Circulation and Transportation  Impacts to Osprey Pointe  Height Thresholds  Other Input Received The Mixed Use Zoning District, from staff perspective, certainly aligns and implements several Comprehensive Plan policies based on the land use, housing and transportation element. We think it definitely aligns with council goals adopted last year on economic vitality to provide zoning districts that are based on market demand, that can develop the Page 50 of 355 community in a way that meets the vision expressed by council and that as heard by residents of the City of Pasco and providing businesses with another option for developing in the City as well. Just a short presentation for you this evening. We do have representatives from the applicant here in the audience today if you have additional questions, but other than that, that concludes this presentation today. Again, staff does concur with the proposal and what's included, and there is a recommendation for approval of the City Council on this effort.  Public Comment: Nicole Stickney, AHBL, 5804 Road 90, Ste. H, Pasco, WA. Thank you, Planning Commission and staff. We advanced this application on behalf of a developer that we're working with who owns property, who would like to have this zoning district applied to their property someday, hopefully very soon, and do some mixed use projects. I wanted to highlight that I was also involved with the Waterfront Development District code that came about some time ago when the Port of Pasco had brought it to the City as a proposal. I wasn't at the very front end, I wasn't involved with the primary development of that code, but I know that it was based on best practices and that they had researched where there was really good, effective code put in place in other communities for a mixed use. And they were looking for some flexibility at the Osprey Point District. I did help make some revisions to their proposal and then helped present in front of this body actually, and then I believe City Council as well, just to see that ordinance through, and it was adopted, as Jacob mentioned, a few years back. This time around, we approached the City and we said, look, we're looking to do some mixed use code development writing. We know that that's sort of a missing element in your code. What do you think, staff? Is that something you're already working on? We don't want to duplicate efforts and the response was that it's on our work schedule, we're going to be taking it on, but it's going to take some time. So, we said, okay, well, we'll take the lead on this. And so my client allowed me that opportunity to work with him. We sat down with an architect, so this has been well vetted is what I'm trying to point out. Not only did we base this code on existing code in the City of Pasco for the Waterfront Development District and made some amendments to it, but we really thought carefully about how it coordinates with other parts of Pasco's code. We looked very carefully to make sure that there wouldn't be inconsistencies or even conflicts with different parts of the code. So, we really worked this quite in a detailed fashion through and had a lot of meetings and discussions with Jacob along the way too. In fact, we were going to propose a standalone chapter to be added and he said, why don't you instead bring it alongside to this waterfront development district and we'll broaden it. So, we took that recommendation. So, in any event, we would ask that you would recommend approval tonight to your City Page 51 of 355 Council and thank you for all the processing that you've done to this date. Thank you to staff for all that they've done. I know this has gone through SEPA environmental review. This has gone now to a couple of different meetings before this board, and there's been opportunities for the public to weigh in on it. We just see it as a win-win, though, and something that's going to be really beneficial to the community. And I'm happy to answer any questions that you might have about it, thank you. Commissioner Cochran asked, are there examples of how this is implemented in practice? Ms. Stickney answered we actually had some slides when we introduced some of the concepts a while back with that waterfront development district when that first came about and I was working with the Port of Pasco. I’m trying to remember back to some of our examples. But we showed pictures of some development in Spokane that has been very well received, and I'm struggling to remember the name of it. Kendall Yards. Yes. So that's a classic example that a lot are familiar with. Certainly some of the other slides we showed were examples over in the Portland area. And that's in part because the person who kind of started this on behalf of the Port of Pasco, the planner that they originally had retained was from that area. And so there were some transit oriented development type examples that we had, things like that. So, they have the great light rail line down there, and there's a lot of mixed use buildings along some of those transportation corridors. So, there's really good examples out there. And I think the time has come to introduce some of this type of development to Pasco. I think as you read through the code, I'm hoping that you get the sense that what we're trying to do is just more, right. We're just trying to add an extra layer of engagement for community to live and shop or work in the same site and have some flexibility there instead of separating all of our land uses and forcing everybody to walk from here to there all the time. That's not to say that people are going to arrive different ways at the site, but at least there's that synergy that can be achieved. And I think once we have kind of that proof of concept running, then you'll see a lot more of that in the Tri Cities. I know that certainly you probably have realized that there are some new styles of development coming to town, and so we want to make sure that we can facilitate that and shepherd in the right types of that new development. Commissioner Crutchfield asked just exactly where is this located? Ms. Stickney answered this would be considered a floating zone. And that's a term when you create a new zoning district that you don't have any place where it's assigned on the ground yet. And that will hopefully change very soon. But for right now, you have a Waterfront Development District, you have that zoning assigned at Osprey Point, but you don't have a mixed use district zoning district assigned in the City. There are certain properties that will be eligible to be rezoned to that designation once an ordinance is passed and this floating zone comes into existence. The properties that would be eligible for where they could request for a rezone are those that are labeled as mixed residential and commercial land use. Page 52 of 355 So, there are certain areas, and I think it's like a magenta color or something like that in your Comprehensive Plan map. Those are the areas in town where it's not going to change anyone's zoning right away. Right. But if they want to, they can apply. Okay, I have commercial zoning now, I'd rather be in the mixed use or I have something else and I'd rather be in the mixed use, and I'm eligible if that's already shown on the Comprehensive Plan. So the Planning Commission, the City Council, we've already done the groundwork through the Comprehensive Plan update to identify those areas of town that would be suitable for mixed use development. But the missing piece is that you don't have it in your zoning code. So, this is just to remedy that and then we'll have the opportunity and time to come and say, okay, now we're ready. We want to rezone and be able to be entitled to that type of development for specific property. But anyone else who wants to do a mixed use development would need to do the rezone process. So, there's still steps involved. Commissioner Torres asked what gaps are you trying to fill regarding the original waterfront code? Ms. Stickney answered yeah, it's not really something that was so much missing with that. That was really written to be tailor made to specific location and for a specific purpose. But as I described, our method was to come up with a mixed use zoning district rather than have it be a standalone. Staff had said, let's work it out so that it can be the same chapter but apply to the different locations in town. So really, it's just broadening opportunity. That's how I would put it. I wouldn't say that we're trying to fill in anything, because I think that district, the Waterfront Development District, I don't know if staff come up with anything, but I imagine that they see that it works pretty well in terms of permitting and everything else. I can't speak for them, but it's good code. It was adopted. It's been on the books for a couple of years now. And so, it's a good idea to expand those opportunities in the City, and this will move the City one step closer in implementing your Comprehensive Plan under Growth Management Act. So, it's a step in the right direction, certainly.  Comments/Questions from Commissioners Commissioner Lehrman close the public hearing on the proposed code amendment for the Mixed Use Zoning District CA2022-003 and recommend that Pasco City Council adopt the proposed code amendment as contained in the January 19, 2023 staff report. Seconded by Commissioner Moffitt, motion passed unanimously. Page 53 of 355 Chapter 25.127 Proposed Mixed-Use Proposed amendments to the WD Waterfront Development DistrictPage 54 of 355 Background Application submitted to amend PMC 25.127 The Comprehensive Plan designates multiple areas as “Mixed Residential Commercial” but there is no corresponding zoning code Proposal is to amend PMC 25.17 (Waterfront Development District) which was written for Osprey Pointe Rename 25.17 to “Mixed Use (MU) District” and modify for City-wide applicability Page 55 of 355 OVERVIEW OF CHANGES NEW: •PMC 25.127.070(17) Building Design Standards •PMC 25.127.070(18) Screening Standards •PMC 25.127.070(19) Temporary Business Standards •PMC 25.127.070 (20) Sign Standards REVISED: •PMC 25.127.070(6) Dimensional Standards •PMC 25.127.070(10) Building Height •PMC 25.127.070(13) Landscaping •PMC 25.127.070(15) Design Standards (Transportation)Page 56 of 355 PURPOSE STATEMENT The purpose of the mixed use (MU) district is to allow the location of a compatible and integrated mix of commercial (and office, education and government uses) with residential uses, as established within the comprehensive plan. This zone district is intended to provide a high level of diversity in housing types including townhouses and flats in mid-rise buildings ranging from two to six stories to move toward the city’s land use and housing goals and policies relating to density and a broad range of housing types, as required under the Growth Management Act, Chapter 36.70A RCW. In addition, ground floor neighborhood-scale commercial and/or office uses are encouraged to create a cohesive bike-and pedestrian- oriented community. These uses are to be designed to complement and support the nearby retail, office, and residential uses and located in resulting in reduced vehicle trips and a more sustainable and convenient environment with potential access to transit.Page 57 of 355 AGENDA REPORT FOR: City Council February 22, 2023 TO: Adam Lincoln, Interim City Manager City Council Workshop Meeting: 2/27/23 FROM: Rick White, Director Community & Economic Development SUBJECT: Update: Broadmoor Master Plan and Environmental Impact Statement I. REFERENCE(S): Draft Broadmoor Master Plan (as Approved by Planning Commission 01/25/2023) Non-Project Draft Environmental Impact Statement II. ACTION REQUESTED OF COUNCIL / STAFF RECOMMENDATIONS: Discussion III. FISCAL IMPACT: None IV. HISTORY AND FACTS BRIEF: Development of the Broadmoor Master Plan and the supporting Environmental Impact Statement is nearing completion for a draft issuance for public comment. Work on the Broadmoor Master Plan has been underway for several years now, dating back to a 2004 land use and market analysis study. Over recent years, efforts have been made to update several critical components associated with the development of over 1,200 acres situated in northwest Pasco. On July 27, 2021, the City issued a revised Determination of Significance (DNS) and a request for comments on the scope of an environmental impact statement (EIS) for the Broadmoor Master Plan. Summary of Non-Project Environmental Impact Statement The purpose of the EIS is to evaluate the impacts resulting from the adoption of a Master Plan. The purpose of the Master Plan is to advance the 2018 -2038 Pasco Comprehensive Plan goals and policies and implement the community vision for the Broadmoor Area. Page 58 of 355 Alternative 1, No Change (No-Action): NoThe -(NoChange -the with consistent is 2018Action) Alternative -2038 Comprehensive Plan Land Use designations. This alternative may result in decreased residential densities in the Unincorporated Urban Growth Area due to County zoning limitations, and previously permitted low-density developments in the area. Alternative 2, Comprehensive Plan Growth Target Implementation: This alternative will include similar land uses from Alternative 1 to accommodate a denser retail, commercial, and residential development, often in a mixed -use setting. This alternative will maximize the growth and density potential of the area by planning for several development cluster areas connected by open space, public transportation, and a well-connected street pattern. This target will seek to maximize coordination and compliance with public agencies and recently adopted plans and policies of the City of Pasco. The preparation of this Non-Project EIS addresses the questions required as part of the SEPA assessment process (WAC 197-11) and the requirements for “Planned Action” as part of WAC 197-11-164. Use of a Non-Project EIS addresses the potential environmental impacts of land use changes and development at a program, plan, and/or policy level by assessing the impacts in a city or area-wide context rather than a site-specific analysis. Specific objectives for the EIS were established for the review, including: • Planning for the future development of the Broadmoor area as outlined in the accompanying Master Plan; • Fostering economic development and protecting the quality of the Pasco environment (natural and habitat); • vacant transition from an for Planning orderly mixedto land -use, commercial, and residential uses with a land-use plan for the entire area; • Improving mobility options for all users by providing and requiring the necessary roadway and non-motorized connections at existing and planned arterials with internal connections; and • Identifying and completing the necessary mitigation to off-set adverse environmental impacts. The EIS is a critical element of Broadmoor area planning. It identifies specific mitigation development occto for necessary measures the the Upon ur. completion of a Final EIS, developments within the Broadmoor area will be subject to concurrence with the EIS and the Master Plan. Summary of Master Plan The development of this master plan requires continued attention for key elements, inc development regulations, luding infrastructure, compliance, Page 59 of 355 phasing and costs. The Broadmoor planning efforts also include an established planning vision with a set of principles as described below: • Encourage a pedestrian and transit-friendly environment; • Establish a connected community with ample choice for circulation and access; • Provide a variety of housing choices with a focus on higher -density options; • Create economic opportunities for all; • Ensure and promote the protection of the natural environment and open space; • Develop an aesthetically pleasing community with quality design; and • Provide infrastructure and public facilities. The plan, similar to the non-project EIS, will assess the existing conditions of the planning area, followed by specific development requirements, standards, and recommendations necessary to implement the vision for the Broadmoor area. The proposed development standards for residential housing are similar to those recommended by the Planning Commission as part of the Residential Design Standards Update in November 2022. Emphasis has been placed on the built environment, many of the proposed development standards are associated with building placement, location of parking, frontage improvements, and public spaces. In addition to the standards for the development of residential and commercial uses, an emphasis on mobility is included, particularly with regard to the development of mixed-use sites and multi-modal connections. The recommendations will be similar to those proposed previously by staff implementing the Transportation System Master Plan and will be clearly indicated in the master plan document. Adherence to the master plan is critical for the success of the Broadmoor area planning effort. A significant amount of public investment has occurred, along with an increasing amount of private investment activity. Similar to other major planning efforts, the Broadmoor Master Plan is meant to be amended, as necessary, to ensure it is up to date with forecasted market conditions with the intent of aligning with the established Council and community vision. Summary of DEIS/Draft Plan Comments As of January 17, 2022, approximately 60 comments have been submitted and received by staff on both the Draft Master Plan and DEIS. While the comment period for the DEIS closed on January 16, 2023, there are still opportunities to comment on the Draft Master Plan and in fact, staff has identified several areas of the Master Plan appropriate for further clarification and revision. Below is a summary of the general theme and topics raised in the comments: Page 60 of 355 • The Draft Plan and DEIS fail to include plans for the development of major urban riverfront multi-purpose parks and general recreational opportunities. • The DEIS does not adequately address or identify mitigation for the loss of open space lands. • The discussion of transportation impacts of the Broadmoor development fails reasonably and related actions several include to relevant foreseeable events that will contribute to additional traffic congestion in the Broadmoor Blvd area. • The DEIS fails to consider freight movement within and to/from the area. • The DEIS and Plan should consider the plans of American Rock Products with designated land use that accommodates their intended use and time frame. • DEIS should be revised to evaluate the impacts of the continuation of the existing industrial uses. • Clarifications on development standards and requirements. The DEIS and Plan will be revised to appropriately address and include the necessary information that results in satisfactory final documents. V. DISCUSSION: Staff is seeking Council discussion, feedback and input on the Broadmoor planning efforts. The Broadmoor Master Plan is also a pending application associated Docket. Amendment Plan with 2022 the The Comprehensive Planning Commission has conducted three public hearings between December 2022 - January 2023 for the plan/application. Staff expects to issue the Final Environmental Impact Statement before March 16, 2023, and bring the plan as part of the 2022 Docket in March 2023 for a Council decision. Page 61 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations City of Pasco January 25, 2023 Prepared by Oneza & Associates In partnership with White Bluffs Consulting Deleted: December 15, 2022 Page 62 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page i Acknowledgements City Council Blanche Barajas, Mayor Craig Maloney, Mayor Pro Tem Joseph Campos Nikki Torres Pete Serrano Daved Milne Zahra Roach (At-Large) Planning Commission Jerry Cochran, Chair Paul Mendez, Vice Chair Tanya Bowers Kim Lehrman Abel Campos Isaac Myhrum Rachel Teel Jay Hendler City Staff Adam Lincoln, Interim City Manager Rick White, Community and Economic Development Director Jacob Gonzalez, Planning Manager Jessica Brackin, Long-range Planning Coordinator Jon Padvorac, City Engineer Page 63 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page ii Table of Contents 1 Background and Existing Conditions ......................................................................................... 6 1.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 7 1.1.1 Purpose of the Plan ..................................................................................................... 7 1.1.2 Location and Context .................................................................................................. 7 1.2 Existing Conditions ............................................................................................................ 8 1.2.1 Existing Land Uses ...................................................................................................... 8 1.2.2 Comprehensive Plan Land Use and Zoning ................................................................. 9 1.2.3 Zoning ....................................................................................................................... 11 1.2.4 Topography and Storm Drainage ............................................................................... 11 1.2.5 Ownership ................................................................................................................. 12 1.2.6 Access and Circulation ............................................................................................... 13 1.2.7 Infrastructure ............................................................................................................ 13 1.2.8 Parks and Open Space ............................................................................................... 15 1.2.9 Wildlife and Habitats ................................................................................................. 15 1.3 Assets and Constraints ..................................................................................................... 17 1.3.1 Assets and Opportunities .......................................................................................... 17 1.3.2 Constraints ................................................................................................................ 17 2 Broadmoor Vision and Plan ..................................................................................................... 19 2.1 Planning Vision ............................................................................................................... 20 2.1.1 Planning principles ................................................................................................... 20 2.2 Plan Elements .................................................................................................................. 21 2.2.1 Land Use ................................................................................................................... 21 2.2.2 Community Centers and Corridors ........................................................................... 24 2.2.3 Access and Circulation ............................................................................................... 25 2.2.4 Infrastructure ........................................................................................................... 28 2.2.5 Wildlife and Habitats, Parks and Open Space ............................................................. 30 2.2.6 Storm Drainage ......................................................................................................... 32 3 Development Standards .......................................................................................................... 33 3.1 Purpose and Applicability ................................................................................................. 34 3.2 Urban Blocks .................................................................................................................... 34 3.2.1 Intent ........................................................................................................................ 34 3.2.2 Block Standards ......................................................................................................... 34 3.2.3 Circulation and Connectivity ...................................................................................... 38 3.2.4 Signage...................................................................................................................... 41 3.3 Building Types and Standards .......................................................................................... 42 3.3.1 Intent ....................................................................................................................... 42 3.3.2 Residential Building Types ........................................................................................ 42 Page 64 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page iii 3.3.3 Mixed, Commercial, and Civic Building Types ............................................................45 3.4 Development Standards by Land Use .............................................................................. 48 3.4.1 Permitted Land Uses ................................................................................................ 48 3.4.2 Medium Density Residential District .......................................................................... 53 3.4.3 Mixed Residential and Commercial District ...............................................................59 3.4.4 Commercial District .................................................................................................. 66 3.4.5 Open Space .............................................................................................................. 68 3.4.6 Reclamation .............................................................................................................. 70 3.5 Standards Applicable to Community Centers and Corridors ............................................. 70 3.5.1 Intent ........................................................................................................................ 70 3.5.2 Gateway Center ........................................................................................................ 71 3.5.3 Mixed-use Center ...................................................................................................... 72 3.5.4 Waterfront Neighborhood Center ............................................................................. 73 3.5.5 Street Corridors ......................................................................................................... 73 3.6 Street Environment and Public Realm .............................................................................. 73 3.6.1 Intent ........................................................................................................................ 73 3.6.2 Standards .................................................................................................................. 74 3.6.3 Courtyards and Plazas ............................................................................................... 74 3.7 Parking Standards ........................................................................................................... 82 3.7.1 General standards for Residential Developments ..................................................... 82 3.7.2 Additional Standards for mixed-use and Commercial Developments ......................... 83 3.8 Landscaping Standards ..................................................................................................... 87 3.8.1 General standards ..................................................................................................... 87 3.8.2 Street frontage ......................................................................................................... 88 3.8.3 Parking lot landscaping and buffers .......................................................................... 88 3.9 Environmental Protection ............................................................................................... 89 3.9.1 Standards ................................................................................................................. 89 4 Cost Estimate .......................................................................................................................... 91 4.1 Key Improvements ........................................................................................................... 91 5 Implementation ....................................................................................................................... 93 5.1 Partnership ...................................................................................................................... 93 5.2 Financing ......................................................................................................................... 93 5.2.1 5.2.1 TAX INCREMENT FINANCING ............................................................................ 93 5.3 Phased Development ...................................................................................................... 94 5.4 Development Regulations ............................................................................................... 94 5.5 Permit process ................................................................................................................ 94 5.5.1 Mixed use project review process ............................................................................ 94 Page 65 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page iv 6 Definitions ...............................................................................................................................95 7 References .............................................................................................................................. 97 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1-1: Broadmoor area and vicinity ............................................................................................... 8 Figure 1-2: Current Land Uses ................................................................................................................ 8 Figure 1-3: Existing Comprehensive Plan Land Use ............................................................................. 10 Figure 1-4: Topography ........................................................................................................................ 12 Figure 1-5: Land ownership ................................................................................................................. 12 Figure 1-6: Water infrastructure .......................................................................................................... 14 Figure 1-7: Pasco Sewer Plan Addendum ........................................................................................... 14 Figure 1-8: Priority Habitats and Species ............................................................................................. 16 Figure 2-1: Proposed Land Uses for the Broadmoor Area ................................................................... 22 Figure 2-2: Centers and corridors in Broadmoor ................................................................................. 25 Figure 2-3: Proposed Major Road Network ......................................................................................... 26 Figure 2-4: Proposed Enhanced Bike Network .................................................................................... 27 Figure 2-5: Freight Transportation Route ............................................................................................ 28 Figure 2-6: Major Water Infrastructure ............................................................................................... 29 Figure 2-7: Major Sewer Infrastructure (proposed) ............................................................................ 30 Figure 2-8: Parks and Trail (proposed) ................................................................................................. 31 Figure 3-1: Block and Circulation ......................................................................................................... 35 Figure 3-2: Residential Blocks .............................................................................................................. 36 Figure 3-3: Block Length Exception ...................................................................................................... 37 Figure 3-4: Mid-block Pedestrian Connections .................................................................................... 37 Figure 3-5: Interconnected Street Layout in grid (orthogonal) and Curvilinear Pattern ..................... 39 Figure 3-6: Circulation in Mixed-use Developments ........................................................................... 41 Figure 3-7: Pedestrian Scale Wayfinding Signage ................................................................................ 42 Figure 3-8: Single-family detached housing ......................................................................................... 43 Figure 3-9: Single-family attached housing.......................................................................................... 44 Figure 3-10: Multiple-family housing types ......................................................................................... 45 Figure 3-11: Various mixed-use buildings and layouts ........................................................................ 46 Figure 3-12: Commercial buildings ...................................................................................................... 47 Figure 3-13: Civic buildings .................................................................................................................. 48 Figure 3-14: Mixed-use planning area ................................................................................................. 50 Figure 3-15: Driveway options ............................................................................................................. 55 Figure 3-16: Setbacks and driveway standards by building types ....................................................... 57 Figure 3-17: Horizotal and Vertical Mix of uses ................................................................................... 59 Figure 3-18: Ground floor retail and upper level step back................................................................. 61 Figure 3-18: Integrated mixed-use development ................................................................................ 63 Figure 3-20: Compatible building design ............................................................................................. 63 Figure 3-21: Buildings close to the street ............................................................................................ 64 Figure 3-22: building placement with plazas and courtyards .............................................................. 65 Figure 3-23: Treatment of street corner with plazas and outdoor sEAting ......................................... 65 Figure 3-24: façade modulation ........................................................................................................... 67 Figure 3-25: Open spaces within residential developments ............................................................... 70 Page 66 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page v Figure 3-26: Broadmoor community Centers and corridor overlay .................................................... 71 Figure 3-27: Building accessed from the corner .................................................................................. 72 Figure 3-28: Active street environment with outdoor seating and walking ........................................ 74 Figure 3-29: Commercial and/or Civic Space Mid-block Connection .................................................. 75 Figure 3-30: Principal Arterial Street Standards .................................................................................. 77 Figure 3-31: Minor Arterial Street Standards ...................................................................................... 78 Figure 3-32: Collector Street Standards ............................................................................................... 79 Figure 3-33: Collector Street Standards ............................................................................................... 80 Figure 3-34: Local Street Standards ..................................................................................................... 81 Figure 3-35: Multi-Use Pathway .......................................................................................................... 82 Figure 3-36: Parking behind the building in mixed-use district ........................................................... 84 Figure 3-37: Parking lot screened with landscaping and artwork ....................................................... 84 LIST OF TABLES Table 1-1: Comprehensive Plan Land Uses (Existing) .......................................................................... 10 Table 1-2: Priority Species .................................................................................................................... 16 Table 2-1: Land Uses in Broadmoor Area ............................................................................................ 22 Table 3-1: Land use and Zoning ........................................................................................................... 34 Table 3-2: Block Dimensions and street connectivity standards ......................................................... 36 Table 3-3: Facility Spacing Standards ................................................................................................... 38 Table 3-4: Access Spacing by Street Restrict access for Broadmoor Boulevard .................................. 40 Table 3-5: Residential Uses .................................................................................................................. 50 Table 3-6: Commercial and office uses ................................................................................................ 51 Table 3-7: Civic uses ............................................................................................................................. 52 Table 3-8: Other uses ........................................................................................................................... 52 Table 3-9: Prohibited Uses ................................................................................................................... 52 Table 3-10: Lot Size in Zoning Districts1 ............................................................................................... 53 Table 3-11: Building Setbacks .............................................................................................................. 56 Table 3-12: Open Space Standards ...................................................................................................... 69 Table 3-13: Parking Standards in Mixed Use Districts ......................................................................... 85 Table 4-1: Cost Estimate ...................................................................................................................... 91 LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix A: Draft Environmental Impact Statement Page 67 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page vi Photo sources: City of Pasco, Oneza & Associates, Google Inc. 1 BACKGROUND AND EXISTING CONDITIONS Page 68 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 7 1.1 INTRODUCTION 1.1.1 PURPOSE OF THE PLAN The City of Pasco has been experiencing rapid growth over the last two decades. The population of the City has grown from 32,066 in 2000 to 59,781 in 2010. According to the Office of Financial Management estimate, the 2022 population of Pasco is 80,180. This is a 34% increase from its population in 2010. According to the Office of Financial Management estimates, the City’s population is estimated to reach 121,828 in 2038. This will be a 52% increase from the City’s 2022 population. With its growth, the City needs to provide adequate housing, jobs, infrastructure, and amenities for its future residents. The Broadmoor area is expected to hold a major share of the City’s future growth in its approximately 1,240 acres of underutilized and vacant land. The purpose of the Broadmoor Master Plan is to provide a framework for the coordinated and long-term development in this area. It also provides guidelines for regulatory compliance for developments. The Broadmoor area is intended to develop as a master-planned mixed-use pedestrian-friendly community with a variety of jobs and housing opportunities to meet the needs of the residents. The Broadmoor Area Master Plan (the Plan) will integrate the built and natural environments in a way that protects the environment yet provides amenities the community needs such as parks, shops, and schools. The purpose of the plan is to: • Create a community with a mix of complementary developments • Adjust current land use of the Broadmoor area to accommodate higher density mixed-use commercial and residential developments to accommodate the City’s future growth • Provide adequate public facilities and infrastructure for the area to be developed • Re-allocate open space locations based on recent changes in irrigation water management and an area-wide mitigation strategy for shrub-steppe habitat • Provide a reliable transportation system that allows for a variety of mobility options for both motorized and non-motorized users • Provide necessary preservation and mitigation for the natural environment and habitat areas 1.1.2 LOCATION AND CONTEXT The area is located at the northwest side of Pasco, bounded by the Columbia River to the west, Broadmoor Boulevard to the east, and Interstate 182 (I-182) to the south. It is located more or less in the geographic center of the Tri-Cities region. Figure 1-1 shows the area and the vicinity. Deleted: will Page 69 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 8 FIGURE 1-1: BROADMOOR AREA AND VICINITY 1.2 EXISTING CONDITIONS This section describes existing conditions of the Broadmoor area in terms of land use, zoning, ownership, topography, infrastructure, environmental conditions etc. Existing condition analysis in this section is updated as of December 12, 2022. 1.2.1 EXISTING LAND USES The Broadmoor area is mostly undeveloped. A small portion of this area is used for agricultural activities by multiple owners. Approximately 250 acres are already in the process of various housing developments (Affinity & Hydro Broadmoor Apartments, Solstice, Dunes, and Columbia Shores). FIGURE 1-2: CURRENT LAND USES Page 70 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 9 About 300 acres are devoted to mineral extraction (Central Pre-Mix). Approximately 58 acres of land is owned by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in the Columbia River shoreline and is designated Open Space. Approximately 800 acres are currently vacant, undeveloped, or used by small family farms. The area north of Burns Road outside the Broadmoor area is being developed with newer residential subdivisions. The City has been experiencing an ongoing development interest from the development community on the vacant areas. Recent changes in irrigation water management leave the previous tailwater pond unused. The Central Pre-Mix operates under special permits that include approximately 300 acres of land for sand/gravel extraction, rock crushing, concrete processing, concrete batch plant operations, hot mix asphalt plant operations, and other related activities. The mining permit is expected to expire in 2025 without renewal. The vacant lands abutting Broadmoor Boulevard to the west have been used by Outdoor Recreational Vehicle (ORV) enthusiasts for four-wheeling and dirt biking for decades. The natural environment in this portion of the Broadmoor area has been severely degraded by such activities. The area abutting the Columbia River, west of Shoreline Road, is identified as natural resources area owned by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Figure 1-2 indicates current and ongoing land uses as of the end of the year 2022. 1.2.2 COMPREHENSIVE PLAN LAND USE AND ZONING The existing Comprehensive Plan land use for the Broadmoor area currently has a mix of medium to medium-high-density residential land uses throughout the area, with commercial designations along Harris Road and mixed-use and office designations along Broadmoor Boulevard, Sandifur Parkway, and Burns Road. Mixed land use is also designated on the west side of the Broadmoor area abutting the Shoreline Road. Open space areas are located along historical irrigation drainage areas, even though this drainage has recently been re-routed to the Columbia River. Recent developments and approved plans will result in significantly reduced densities and non- conformance with the current medium density land uses. Figure 1-3 indicates land use within the site and vicinity. Table 1-1 indicates land use acreages in the area. Page 71 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 10 FIGURE 1-3: EXISTING COMPREHENSIVE PLAN LAND USE TABLE 1-1: COMPREHENSIVE PLAN LAND USES (EXISTING) Comprehensive Plan Land Use Area (Acres) Percent Medium Density Residential 549 44% Medium - High Density Residential 201 16% Office 67 5% Commercial 50 4% Mixed-Use Neighborhood 76 6% Mixed-Use Regional 139 11% Open Space 159 13% Total 1,240 100% *Land use does not include rights-of-way (based on parcel geometry). Low Density Residential: Although the land use does not include low density residential, an approved low density residential development (Solstice) will be developed in the Broadmoor area at a density of 2 to 5 dwelling units per acre. Medium Density Residential: This allows single-family homes, townhouses, apartments, and condominiums at a density of 6 to 20 dwelling units per acre. Page 72 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 11 Medium High Density Residential: This allows single-family patio homes, townhouses, apartments, and condominiums at a density of 8 to 15 dwelling units per acre. Office: This allows professional office and personal services, resource centers, etc. Commercial: This land use includes neighborhood, community, and regional shopping and specialty centers, business parks, service, and office uses. Mixed-Use Neighborhood: This allows townhouses, multi-family developments, neighborhood grocers/markets and drug stores, vertically integrated buildings, live-work spaces, and other neighborhood scale offices and uses. Mixed-Use Regional: This allows general retail operations and shops, grocery stores, residential above commercial/office, high-density residential, dining, entertainment uses, etc. Open Space: Development other than parks, trails, and recreational areas will be severely restricted. 1.2.3 ZONING The Broadmoor area is currently zoned R-T (Residential Transition), C-1 (Retail Business), R-1/PUD (Low Density Residential Planned Unit Development), and R-3 (Medium Density Residential). The R-T zone is generally applied as a holding zone for areas that lack necessary urban utility services. As utilities become available, lands zoned R-T can then be transitioned (through the rezone process) to a zoning classification in conformance with Comprehensive Plan designations for the affected lands. 1.2.4 TOPOGRAPHY AND STORM DRAINAGE The topological features at the Broadmoor area include dunes, gradually sloping or flat agricultural areas and residential development, man-made below-water table depressions at the American Rock Products (ARP) facility, and a steep sloped hillside, running north-south, located north of Burns Road outside of the Broadmoor area. The City’s stormwater runoff system works through a system of catch basins, infiltration galleries, collection ponds, on-site collection and dissipation systems, and grassy swales along roadways. The Broadmoor area currently does not have a storm drainage system in place in the undeveloped areas. Figure 1-4 indicates existing topography of the area. Page 73 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 12 FIGURE 1-4: TOPOGRAPHY 1.2.5 OWNERSHIP Land in this area is mostly under private ownership. There are five large parcels with parcel sizes more than 100 acres. Pasco School District owns approximately 74 acres of land north of this area. Figure 1-5 shows ownership of the area. Most of the large parcel owners have expressed interest for a planned development of the area. FIGURE 1-5: LAND OWNERSHIP (AS OF 2021) Page 74 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 13 1.2.6 ACCESS AND CIRCULATION The I-182/Road 100 (Broadmoor Boulevard) Interchange is located directly southeast of the Broadmoor area. This interchange provides a convenient connection point to all areas within the Tri-Cities and is one of the few main connections between Pasco and I-182. The interchange was upgraded in 2009 with the addition of two new ramps to facilitate easier access to the freeway from Broadmoor Boulevard. City and County streets are located on the periphery of the Broadmoor area only. Broadmoor Boulevard is located to the east, Harris Road is to the south, Shoreline Road is to the west, and Burns Road is to the north. Dent Road and Kohler Road extend to the northern boundary of the Broadmoor area intersecting Burns Road. Burns Road runs east west and extends beyond the boundary of the Broadmoor area. Sandifur Parkway from the east ends at Broadmoor Boulevard. Except for Broadmoor Boulevard, all roads within the area have two lanes. This area lacks adequate internal circulation, in terms of north-south connection between Burns Road and Harris Road, and east-west connection between Broadmoor Boulevard and Shoreline Road. 1.2.7 INFRASTRUCTURE As discussed previously, the Broadmoor area currently does not have adequate infrastructure available to serve the area. The new subdivisions south of Burns Road (Solstice), and the planned unit development (Columbia Shores) south of Harris Road, are served by the City’s water system and soon will be served by the City’s sewer system. Proposed developments are extending service internal of their development. WATER The City’s water system is supplied from surface water withdrawals from the McNary Pool of the Columbia River. Currently, the system is served by two surface water treatment plants, Butterfield Water Treatment Plant (WTP), which is a conventional filtration plant, and West Pasco WTP which is an ultrafiltration membrane plant. According to the 2019 Water System Plan (WSP), the Butterfield WTP has capacity of 26.8 million gallons per day (mgd) while the West Pasco WTP has a capacity of 6.0 mgd with the ability to expand to 18.0 mgd. The West Pasco WTP is located on the southern edge of the Broadmoor area. An existing storage tank is located on Broadmoor Boulevard. Figure 1-6 indicates major water infrastructure serving the Broadmoor area. Page 75 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 14 FIGURE 1-6: WATER INFRASTRUCTURE SEWER Figure 1-7 shows the existing sewer system for the entire City as part of the 2021 Comprehensive Sewer Plan Addendum, completed in November of 2021. FIGURE 1-7: PASCO SEWER PLAN ADDENDUM Page 76 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 15 The Harris Road Sewer Transmission Main, a 30-inch-diameter pipe, has recently been constructed and will provide sewer service in portion of the Broadmoor area. The new main runs from the West Pasco Trunk Sewer at the intersection of Road 111 and Court Street to the north crossing under I-182, running northeast along Harris Road at the project boundary. Additional sewer trunk lines and a pressure lift station have been constructed through a Local Improvement District (LID). ELECTRICITY Electrical service in the Broadmoor area is split between the Franklin County PUD and the Big Bend Electrical Cooperative. The Franklin County PUD serves the Central Pre-Mix facilities and all properties west of the Wilson farm. The remainder of the area is served by Big Bend. The City is working with these agencies regarding future growth in this area. GAS Gas service is available in the area near the intersection of Sandifur Parkway and Broadmoor Boulevard. The residential subdivisions to the east of Broadmoor Boulevard and the commercial properties extending down Sandifur Parkway benefit from this service. 1.2.8 PARKS AND OPEN SPACE The City of Pasco Parks and Recreation Department provides physical facilities and operates a variety of programs to meet the community’s needs. This includes establishing a neighborhood park system and other park facilities, providing organized recreation programs for all age groups, and performing maintenance to maximize the service life of existing parks and recreation facilities. The City sets aside budget that supports the acquisition, development, and maintenance of facilities, and operation and management of recreational programs. Since most of the Broadmoor area is undeveloped, there is no park land currently identified in this area. The City’s Parks, Recreation and Open Space Plan aims to ensure equitable park access. The City uses a ¼-mile to ½-mile walking or biking distance from park access points. This is roughly the equivalent of a 10-minute walk. The federally owned property between the shoreline and Shoreline Road is a designated open space. The area is also identified as a critical area geologically and for habitat purposes. The tailwater pond south of Burns Road was part of the South Columbia Basin irrigation system. Portion of the tailwater pond and ditch leading to the pond are designated open space. These are no longer operational due to a recent change in irrigation water management and will no longer remain open space. 1.2.9 WILDLIFE AND HABITATS The Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFW) identifies and defines Priority Habitats and Species (PHS) to prioritize conservation of important fish, wildlife, and habitat resources in Page 77 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 16 Washington state. Currently in the Broadmoor area there are State Candidate species including the black-tailed jackrabbit, burrowing owl, sagebrush sparrow, and sagebrush lizard. The shrub-steppe habitat, which currently encompasses a large portion of the Broadmoor area, is classified as priority habitat as shown in Figure 1-8. FIGURE 1-8: PRIORITY HABITATS AND SPECIES Table 1-2 indicates priority species in the Broadmoor area: TABLE 1-2: PRIORITY SPECIES Common Name Scientific Name Animal Type Species Status State Federal Black-tailed jackrabbit Lepus californicus Mammal SC none Burrowing owl Athene cunicularia Bird SC none Sagebrush sparrow Artemisiospiza nevadensis Bird SC none Sagebrush lizard Sceloporus graciosus Reptile SC none Notes: *Ord’s Kangaroo Rat is a Washington State Monitored Species and is listed on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species as Least Concern. SC = State Candidate (Sources: WDFW, 2018a; Cassola, 2016) Page 78 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 17 1.3 ASSETS AND CONSTRAINTS 1.3.1 ASSETS AND OPPORTUNITIES Proximity to the freeway and the river. The Broadmoor area has easy access to I-182. This would provide an opportunity for the area to connect to the rest of the City and the region. The location of the area abutting the Columbia River provides significant recreational opportunities. Area within the City limits and urban growth area (UGA). The location of the Broadmoor area mostly within the City’s UGA allows the City to invest in capital facilities and promote growth at urban density. Surrounding growth. Developments are already occurring in the vicinity, especially to the east and north of the Broadmoor area, and within the Broadmoor area (Solstice, Dunes, Columbia shores, affinity). Medium-high density growth expected in the area will support future developments. Additionally, there is interest in commercial developments in the Broadmoor area. Vacant land ownership. There are several landowners who own parcels larger than 10 acres. There are several parcels ranging from 100 acres to 500 acres. Large portion of vacant lands provide opportunities for planned developments in the area. Open space. The shoreline area west of Shoreline Road is publicly owned and a designated critical area. This provides an opportunity for preservation of the area, low intensity recreation, and shoreline public access. Tailwater pond. The location of the pond and ditch present challenges for laying out lots and streets. However, this drainage has recently been re-routed to the Columbia River, providing better flexibility for developing the area. 1.3.2 CONSTRAINTS Limited access. Although the Broadmoor area is in close proximity to the freeway, it currently lacks adequate local access roads to serve the area. Most of the roads to and from the area are not constructed to the City standards for road design or capacity. Regional access and access to the Broadmoor area both provided by Broadmoor Boulevard. Limited infrastructure. The Broadmoor area lacks adequate infrastructure, especially water and sewer services. Gravel operation. A portion of the Broadmoor area is currently being used for gravel mining. The process of gravel mining and the production of ready-mix concrete creates the potential of nuisance conditions related to dust, noise, and truck traffic. Once the operation ends, it may take years for reclamation of the gravel mining site. In addition, steep slopes created in the gravel mine area will make construction of streets challenging. Page 79 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 18 Truck traffic. Due to the Central Pre-Mix operations and, to a lesser extent, nearby farming, a high percentage of traffic on Harris Road is truck traffic. The truck traffic creates potential conflicts for future non-industrial traffic. Wildlife habitat. The existing shrub-steppe habitat, which currently encompasses a large portion of the Broadmoor area, is classified as a state priority habitat. Adverse impacts on priority habitats should be avoided, minimized, or mitigated. Page 80 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 19 2 BROADMOOR VISION AND PLAN Page 81 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 20 2.1 PLANNING VISION The Broadmoor area is intended to be developed as a well-connected and sustainable community for diverse income and age groups. The area will provide the community with various choices to live, work, shop, and recreate in a pedestrian- and transit-friendly environment. 2.1.1 PLANNING PRINCIPLES 1. Encourage a pedestrian- and transit-friendly environment. Developments should consider design standards that promote walkability. 2. Establish a connected community with ample choices in the circulation network. Create an efficient bike, pedestrian and vehicular circulation network within the area and with connections to the rest of the City. A public transportation system to be utilized to connect residential and commercial land use districts with each other as well as with the region. 3. Provide a variety of housing choices with a priority on higher density developments. The area should include a wide range of housing types, such as single-family homes, townhomes, condominiums, apartments, etc., that can meet the demands and preferences of current and future residents. 4. Create economic opportunities for all income groups. Provide flexibility and choices for a variety of small businesses, entrepreneurship, and general economic growth. Promote businesses in commercial and mixed-use areas to improve the economic vitality of the City. 5. Promote environmental protection and a network of open spaces. The area should be connected by open spaces, greenbelts, recreational facilities (trails, pathways), and roadways. 6. Develop an aesthetically pleasing community with quality design. The design guidelines will promote a complementary scale and size of neighborhood blocks, building form, and landscape design. It will create a balance between residential and commercial uses that will promote sustainable living and working conditions. 7. Provide infrastructure and public facilities to meet the need of the residents. The area will have necessary infrastructure to support growth and ensure efficient use of public facilities. This area should also provide amenities and services as growth takes place, such as schools, parks, police and fire services, and recreational opportunities. Page 82 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 21 8. Offer flexibility and creativity with monitoring The design and development will encourage creativity. In order to promote creative design and a walkable community, there will be provisions of choices and flexibility in the development. Development of the area should be monitored on a periodic basis to meet the planning vision of the Broadmoor area. 2.2 PLAN ELEMENTS This section lays out the plan for future growth within the Broadmoor area. The area is envisioned to be developed as a mixed-use pedestrian-friendly community with a variety of jobs and housing opportunities to meet the needs of the residents. Land uses in this Plan is proposed to be updated from the existing Comprehensive Plan land uses. Land use, circulation, infrastructure, open space, and other public amenities are planned in an integrated and consistent manner. Various land uses and projected densities are planned with adequate public facilities and infrastructure to support them. This Plan accounts for the projected population in the Broadmoor area as part of the City’s 20 years population projection in the 2018-2038 Comprehensive Plan. 2.2.1 LAND USE The Broadmoor area is envisioned to become a mixed-use and diverse community with easy access and circulation for bike, pedestrian and vehicular traffic. The area is also expected to accommodate a substantial portion of the City’s future growth in a higher density environment. It is expected that it will have necessary uses and amenities to serve the area such as shopping centers with commercial land use districts, single- and multi-family housing, civic structures, and various parks. This will also continue existing industrial use until 2035. After this time period, land use amendment will follow with an intended Medium Density Residential use in this land. Examples of specific uses include low, medium and high-density housing; offices; banks; grocery; retail shops; health/fitness; auto services; library; schools; recreational facilities (public and/or private); fast-food restaurants; sit-down restaurants; public open space; and recreational parks, pathways, and trails. The uses can be accommodated in various land uses as follows: • Low Density Residential • Medium Density Residential • Mixed Residential and Commercial • Commercial • Open Space • Reclamation • Industrial Deleted: districts Page 83 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 22 Land uses are shown in Figure 2-1. Table 2-1 indicates various land use areas in Broadmoor . FIGURE 2-1: PROPOSED LAND USES FOR THE BROADMOOR AREA TABLE 2-1: LAND USES IN BROADMOOR AREA Land Use Area (Acres) Percent Low Density Residential 144 12% Medium Density Residential 361 29% Commercial 104 8% Mixed Commercial Residential 370 30% Open Space 61 5% Reclamation 187 15% Industrial 14 1% Total 1,240 100% LOW DENSITY RESIDENTIAL The intent of Low Density Residential land use is to allow single-family detached and/or attached residential homes at a density of 2 to 5 dwelling units per acre. Single-family housing developments Deleted: various land use districts Deleted: 374 Deleted: 30 Page 84 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 23 currently exist north of Burns Road bordering the Broadmoor area. Within the Broadmoor area, low density residential development (Solstice) was previously permitted and is located south of Burns Road. Developments are guided by the City’s existing R-1 zoning standards. MEDIUM DENSITY RESIDENTIAL The intent of Medium Density Residential land use is to allow small lot single-family homes, both attached and detached, as well as duplexes, multiplexes in this district. This also includes cottage housing, multi-family homes, apartments, townhomes, and condominiums. Medium density land use is proposed south of Burns Road and south of Harris Road. The density should be at 6 to 29 dwelling units per acre. MIXED RESIDENTIAL AND COMMERCIAL The Mixed Residential and Commercial designation is generally located along the east and west sides within the Broadmoor area. This land use is also called Mixed-use in this document. Mixed-use districts are intended to create a sense of community by increasing the interaction among different types of uses, such as residential, commercial, and office, and promoting pedestrian-friendly environments within neighborhoods. The purpose of mixed use is to encourage more efficient use of land and public services, increase economic return, reduce transportation costs, encourage human interaction, create place-making with day and evening activities, create a more sustainable development pattern, and increase development opportunities. Mixed uses in this area should be compatible, supportive, and complement each other. Various uses should be placed in close proximity. To that effect, mixed use can be horizontal in a block setting, or vertical in a building setting. Uses include townhouses, multi-family developments, neighborhood grocery, drug stores, coffee/sandwich/ice cream shops, restaurants, breweries, recreational facilities, vertically integrated buildings, live-work spaces, dry cleaner/laundromat, salons/spas, daycares, neighborhood-scale professional offices, medical/dental clinics, etc. In this district, a mix of use shall consist of at least 20% of residential development at a minimum density of 21 units per acre for the residential portion of the site Maximum share of a single use in the mixed use shall be 80%. Planning Director may approve ratios and/or density lower than the minimum up to 10% if the project meets the overall intent of the mixed-use district, and if the development proposal and density based on site plan indicate such need based on market research. Mixed use near the Columbia River is aimed to accommodate recreational uses along the river while maintaining the shoreline environments. Page 85 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 24 COMMERCIAL The Commercial land use is intended to allow various commercial uses to serve the area including retail, wholesale, office, and business parks as well as appropriate public uses and government facilities. OPEN SPACE The Open Space land use is designated for areas that are publicly and/or privately owned to protect the natural features of the area and provide various recreational opportunities to the community while preserving the environmental features. RECLAMATION The Reclamation land use is designated for areas that are currently or more recently have been used for gravel mining operations and are planned for future reclamation. Various recreational and other appropriate uses can be designated in this area. However, a reclamation plan and future studies shall be required to designate appropriate uses in this area. INDUSTRIAL The intent of this land use is to allow the continuation of the existing concrete batch plant, equipment maintenance building and yard, office, and building material retailer. These uses will facilitate the development of the Broadmoor Area by providing essential construction and building materials in close proximity. This use will be terminated in 2035, and the land use will be amended to Medium Density Residential after the industrial use ends. 2.2.2 COMMUNITY CENTERS AND CORRIDORS Community centers and street corridors are envisioned to be the activity centers of the Broadmoor area with a mix of activities for people to live, work, and recreate. Centers and corridors along with various land use districts standards will create and maintain a “sense of place” for the Broadmoor area. These centers are ideal to locate various public facilities such as transit centers, community and event centers, vertical mixed use, and anchor commercial businesses. Corridors are identified along the streets within Mixed Residential and Commercial district and when the mixed-use district abuts Commercial district. Corridors are ideal for mixed-use developments with an active street environment. Specific standards will apply to these centers and corridors, as mentioned in Section 3. Three locations have been identified in the Broadmoor area that shall serve as centers of various types. These are as follows (Figure 2-2): 1. Gateway center at Broadmoor and Sandifer Parkway intersection 2. Mixed-use center at Road 108 and Sandifer Parkway intersection 3. Waterfront neighborhood center at the future north-south roadway and Sandifer Parkway intersection. Page 86 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 25 FIGURE 2-2: CENTERS AND CORRIDORS IN BROADMOOR 2.2.3 ACCESS AND CIRCULATION The area currently lacks adequate access. Several north-south and east-west arterial, collector and neighborhood collector roads are proposed with the intent of connecting with the existing street grids for better connectivity. Existing Burns Road is proposed to be improved as a principal arterial and serve as a major east- west connection. Existing Broadmoor Boulevard is proposed to be improved as a principal arterial. Extension of Sandifer Parkway will be a central east-west corridor to serve as a minor arterial. Shoreline Road, Harris Road will be improved as collectors. Road 108, the extension of Kohler Road and an east-west road north of the gravel operation will be collectors. Buckingham Drive will continue east-west as a neighborhood collector. Road 103, Road 105, and additional not yet named roads with be neighborhood collectors as shown in Figure 2-3. Local access roads are not shown and will needed to provide local access. Access and circulation requirements to and through the reclamation area will need to be determined in the future An area abutting future extensions of Road 108 and Sandifur Parkway is being considered for future transit center. Page 87 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 26 The Transportation System Master Plan (TSMP) provides lists of specific street categories and design standards based on traffic demand, and the character of the land use district they will serve. Figure 2-3 indicates the proposed major road network and how the local road network shall be arranged. Detailed standards are also identified in Section 3 under each land use district, as well as in Section 3.6, Street Environment and Public Realm. FIGURE 2-3: PROPOSED MAJOR ROAD NETWORK Pedestrian and bike facilities are required to fulfill the city’s complete streets ordinance. A “complete street” is a roadway that is designed to be safe, accessible, and functional for all users of the City’s rights-of-way regardless of age or ability. The vision of the master plan is to provide enhanced walkability and multi-modal access. The major road network will include enhanced bike as shown in Figure 2-4. All arterial and collector roads will include multi-use paths and where appropriate, bike lanes. Neighborhood collectors and local access roads will include multi-use paths, bike lanes and/or sharrows where appropriate. Additionally, pedestrian connections and public access to the shoreline area will be provided at multiple locations. The Pasco Rivershore Linkage and Amenity Plan prepared in 2012 indicates potential trails along the shoreline. This plan recommends working with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, the County, and property owners to design and build an extension of the Sacagawea Trail with raised wildlife watching decks on piers. Additional shoreline access should be provided at the road ends of Burns Road and along Shoreline Page 88 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 27 Road. See Figure 2-8 for proposed park along the shoreline area and trail connections. The City should work with the property owners to explore realigning Shoreline Road to increase public access to the shoreline for recreational purposes, and allow future developments in this area. Further studies and detailed planning will be needed for appropriate developments along Shoreline Road to create a shoreline-based mixed-use community. Figure 2-4 indicates the pedestrian and bike network proposed in conjunction with the street network. Future local roads will be developed with the pedestrian network. FIGURE 2-4: PROPOSED ENHANCED BIKE NETWORK The freight transportation route in the Broadmoor area includes a segment of the Broadmoor Boulevard from I-182 to Burns Road, and Burns Road to Dent Road. See Figure 2-5. Page 89 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 28 FIGURE 2-5: FREIGHT TRANSPORTATION ROUTE 2.2.4 INFRASTRUCTURE The City is establishing a Local Improvement District (LID) and assessing the newly available Tax Increment Financing (TIF) for the Broadmoor area to help fund certain infrastructure improvements. An LID is a method by which property owners can share in the cost of infrastructure improvements. LIDs can be used to help finance improvements such as street construction and improvements, utility expansion, streetscape improvements, park construction and improvements, revitalization, etc. The TIF will allow the City infrastructure financing options by using the incremental property tax increase within the area. WATER The area will be served through expansion of existing services along with capital projects to increase capacity. The City’s capital projects planned to serve the Broadmoor area include: 1. West Pasco WTP: capacity of 6.0 million gallons per day (modular/expandable; the build-out capacity is 18 million gallons per day when all six treatment trains are installed) 2. Broadmoor Boulevard reservoir (storage): 1 million gallons 3. Pump stations near I-82 Page 90 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 29 New water mains are proposed along Court Street, Harris Road, and Shoreline Road to the south. Additional mains are proposed in the area between Harris Road, Shoreline Road, and Burns Road. Figure 2-6 indicates major water infrastructure in Broadmoor area. FIGURE 2-6: MAJOR WATER INFRASTRUCTURE SEWER Two lift stations have been proposed for this area, one on Kohler Road, north of the area, and the other one on the south side, close to the existing gravel operation. Three major north-south trunk lines are proposed in the area as of March 2022 as shown in Figure 2-7. The City plans to provide sewer services to the areas that are currently not served through the LID process according to the City’s Comprehensive Sewer Plan Addendum, also shown in Figure 1-7. Deleted: 5 Deleted: 5 Deleted: 6 Page 91 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 30 FIGURE 2-7: MAJOR SEWER INFRASTRUCTURE (PROPOSED) 2.2.5 WILDLIFE AND HABITATS, PARKS AND OPEN SPACE Development in areas where PHS are present will require mitigation for any unavoidable adverse impacts. The City, property owners, and WDFW are working on a mitigation plan to be adopted by all parties. See Broadmoor Draft Environmental Impact Statement (DEIS) for details (Appendix A). The federally owned property, the existing natural open space along the shoreline on the west side will continue to serve the Broadmoor area with shoreline public access. Hiking and walking trails through this area would provide for public access, recreation, and public enjoyment of the river. Additional improvements in this area are discussed in The Pasco Rivershore Linkage and Amenity Plan (Rivershore Linkage Plan) prepared in 2012, and under sub-section 2.2.3 Access and Circulation. Figure 2-8 indicates proposed park and trail facilities on the west side of the Broadmoor area on the Army Corps property. It also includes proposed bike facilities throughout the Broadmoor area. Proposed trail along the shoreline is intended to connect with the Sacajawea Heritage trail. The following short and long terms plans are proposed in the Army Corps area according to the Rivershore Linkage Plan. Deleted: 6 Page 92 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 31 FIGURE 2-8: PARKS AND TRAIL (PROPOSED) Short term plans 1. Work with Army Corps to design and build a continuation of the Sacagawea Trail along the river to City Limits line. Work with County and property owners to design and build a continuation of the Sacagawea Trail to the northernmost Urban Growth Boundary line. 2. Include bona fide river access points/future parks along this section of trail which connect to Shoreline Road. 3. Begin negotiations with Army Corps to establish park facilities/raised view decks along river. 4. With Property owner approval (and covenant) Begin irrigation and tree planting along proposed greenbelt. Long term plans 5. Improve area for waterfowl and elevated bird watching along the rivershore trail, adding nature trails as needed. 6. Greenbelt/park/pocket wildlife preserve areas along river and along main boulevard; Page 93 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 32 7. Boat basin and launch; Possible restricted, non-motorized only boating area near wildlife reserve area. 8. Rivershore commercial development scaled to pedestrian/bicycle traffic. Parks and open space in the Broadmoor area will be added in parks, plazas, and trails. The City is currently developing a Parks, Recreation and Open Space (PROS) Plan. Open space and parks will be allocated in the Broadmoor area according to the City’s PROS Plan. To ensure equitable park access, the planning team uses a ¼-mile to ½-mile walking or biking distance from park access points. This is roughly the equivalent of a 10-minute walk. City of Pasco’s 2018-2038 Comprehensive Plan identifies approximately 40 acres of parkland to be designate in the City’s UGA. A significant portion of that parkland will be in the Broadmoor area. No specific location has yet been identified for park lands. Additionally, the existing mining operation area will be reclaimed to offer some open space and recreational uses. 2.2.6 STORM DRAINAGE All new developments and redevelopments in the City are required to design and install stormwater systems that retain runoff on site for the established design storm event. On-site stormwater collection shall be implemented by projects and may utilize on-site infiltration galleries or collection swales. These should function such that stormwater does not leave the project or development, the system functions effectively, and the project avoids impacts to the Columbia River or native wetlands or riparian areas. In addition to addressing storm drainage at the project level, the City will continue to require infiltration systems for all road construction. Page 94 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 33 3 DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS Page 95 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 34 3.1 PURPOSE AND APPLICABILITY The purpose of the development standards is to implement the Broadmoor Master Plan and the vision, goals and policies of the Comprehensive Plan for the Broadmoor area. Standards in this section will be applicable to the entire Broadmoor area. These standards shall be considered a part of the Pasco Municipal Code (PMC). Additional sections of the PMC such as individual zoning code standards shall apply. The residential design standards approved under the PMC shall also apply. When there is a conflict, the Broadmoor development standards shall apply. The Planning Director or her/his designee shall review and may make exceptions when certain standards, or deviation from these standards will better implement the vision of the Broadmoor area. Table 3-1 indicates the land use designations within Broadmoor area and associated zoning districts. In the development regulations, both “shall” and “should” are used to reflect mandatory requirements. TABLE 3-1: LAND USE AND ZONING Broadmoor Land Use Designation Zoning Districts Low Density Residential R-1 Medium Density Residential R-2, R-3, R-4 Mixed Residential & Commercial Mixed Residential & Commercial, C-11, R-31, R-41 Commercial C-1, Open Space Open Space Reclamation RT 1. Allowed only when they comply with Mixed Residential and Commercial development standards as part of a mixed-use site plan. 3.2 URBAN BLOCKS 3.2.1 INTENT The intent of urban blocks standards is to ensure that block sizes and layouts promote efficient connectivity. The interconnected and gridded layout of streets and smaller blocks promotes better accessibility and a pedestrian-friendly environment. 3.2.2 BLOCK STANDARDS 1. Blocks shall be designed and subdivided to create a network of circulation as shown in Figure 3-1 and according to the block dimension standards in Table 3-2. Deleted: C-2 Page 96 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 35 Step 1: Large lots (5 acres or more) shall be subdivided further to create additional blocks. Step 2: Additional streets are required in the subdivided blocks Step 3: Blocks are further sub-divided; alleys, or private roads, and/or mid-block connections shall be introduced according to the zoning code Step 4: Lots shall be introduced based on the land use types and zoning districts’ lot size requirements Step 5: As developments take place, building placement shall be according to the land use regulations. FIGURE 3-1: BLOCK AND CIRCULATION 2. Block layout shall be determined by the blocks’ location in relation to street types and spacing as shown in Table 3-2. Page 97 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 36 TABLE 3-2: BLOCK DIMENSIONS AND STREET CONNECTIVITY STANDARDS Spacing Guidelines Principal Arterials Minor Arterials Collectors Neighborhood Collectors Local Access Streets Maximum Block Length (Public Street to Public Street) 660 feet 660 feet 660 feet 660 feet 660 feet Minimum Block Size (Public Street to Public Street) 300 feet 250 feet 200 feet 150 feet 125 feet Maximum Block Perimeter 2000 feet Maximum Distance between Bicycle and Pedestrian Facilities 330 feet 330 feet 330 feet 330 feet 330 feet Note: In cases when block length exceeds 660 feet, mid-block pedestrian connections shall be provided. Exceptions are allowed when proposed buildings exceed the block length. In such cases, mid-block connections can be through the site or building as appropriate. 3.2.2.1 Residential Blocks 1. The width of the block shall be sufficient to allow for two tiers of lots with easements (Figure 3-2). Block Length shall be measured along the street centerline intersecting streets. FIGURE 3-2: RESIDENTIAL BLOCKS 2. Exceptions in the block length and width can be allowed for protection of natural resources, steep slopes, or when the lots front the shoreline (Figure 3-3). Page 98 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 37 FIGURE 3-3: BLOCK LENGTH EXCEPTION 3.2.2.2 Commercial and Mixed-use Blocks 1. Mixed-use projects are intended to be walkable and shall maintain block dimensions allowed in Table 3-1. For mixed-use districts, block length can be allowed to increase from block dimensions allowed in Table 3-1 if the block includes mid-block connections (Figure 3- 4), plaza, civic spaces, etc. Commercial districts should also consider mid-block connections (Figure 3-4) when block length exceeds 660 feet. In such cases, plaza, civic spaces, pedestrian walkways, alleys, or open space can be used to create mid-block connections. However, the block length must not exceed 1.5 times the length allowed in Table 3-2. 2. Exceptions in the block length may be allowed for protection of natural resources, steep slopes, or when the lots front the shoreline. 3. Mixed-use blocks are encouraged to use mid-bock connections as shown in Figures 3-1 and 3-4. FIGURE 3-4: MID-BLOCK PEDESTRIAN CONNECTIONS Page 99 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 38 3.2.3 CIRCULATION AND CONNECTIVITY 3.2.3.1 Street Classifications 1. Streets shall be connected to develop a complete network. An interconnected circulation system provides linkages to local shopping, services, housing, and amenities, as well as linkages between adjacent developments. Street types and spacing shall be maintained according to Table 3-3. See additional standards and details in Section 3.6, Street Environment and Public Realm. 2. Alleys shall be allowed for service access, such as garages for residential uses, and loading services for commercial uses. TABLE 3-3: FACILITY SPACING STANDARDS Functional Classification Maximum Spacing Principal Arterial 1 to 2 miles Minor Arterial 1 mile Collector ½ mile Neighborhood Collector ¼ mile Local Access Street 660 feet Bicycle and Pedestrian Facilities 330 feet 3.2.3.2 Street connectivity standards 1. Provide pedestrian and vehicular connections that link adjacent uses and circulation patterns, including buildings, public spaces, parking areas, roadways, sidewalks, and pathways. 2. An interconnected grid block and street network is required. 3. The street and block network is not required to be orthogonal and can change shape in response to site features and/or topographical constraints (Figure 3-5). However, streets shall be interconnected. Page 100 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 39 FIGURE 3-5: INTERCONNECTED STREET LAYOUT IN GRID (ORTHOGONAL) AND CURVILINEAR PATTERN 4. The street system of a proposed subdivision shall be designed to connect to existing, proposed, and planned streets adjacent to the subdivision. Wherever a proposed development abuts un-platted land or a future development phase of an existing development, street stubs shall be provided to allow access to future abutting subdivisions and to extend the street system into the surrounding area. Street ends shall contain turnarounds constructed to Uniform Fire Code standards and shall be designed to facilitate future extension in terms of grading, width, and temporary barricades. 5. Dedicating or deeding property for right-of-way or a portion thereof to the City for public streets within, or along the boundaries of all residential subdivisions or developments, shall be required as a condition of application approval where the following can be demonstrated: a. Facts support that such dedication is reasonably necessary as a result of the impact created by the proposed development; b. Such dedication will result in proportionate mitigation of the impact in the reasonably foreseeable future; c. Connectivity to the existing or foreseeable future public right-of-way is feasible; and d. One or more of the following circumstances are met: i. A city transportation plan indicates the necessity of a new or additional right-of-way or portion thereof for street purposes; ii. The dedication is necessary to provide additions of right-of-way to existing right-of-way to meet city road standards; iii. The dedication is necessary to extend or to complete the existing or future neighborhood street pattern; iv. The dedication is necessary to comply with road standards and city transportation plans; v. The dedication is necessary to provide a public transportation system that supports future development of abutting property consistent with the Comprehensive Plan or Pasco Municipal Code. 6. Cul-de-sacs/ dead-end streets are prohibited; except, where the Comprehensive Plan or preliminary plat indicates a street is to continue past the subdivider’s property, the City may allow the dead end until such time as the street can be built through at a later date. Shared Page 101 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 40 driveways and road-ends for shoreline public access are not considered cul-de-sacs/ dead- ends. 7. Shared driveway access from residential streets is allowed for attached dwelling units; for detached single-family residential lots, one shared access for four lots is allowed. For commercial developments, access must be shared with the adjacent development/parcels according to Table 3.4. TABLE 3-4: ACCESS MANAGEMENT STANDARDS Spacing Guidelines Principal Arterials Minor Arterials Collectors Neighborhood Collectors Local Access Streets Minimum Driveway Spacing (Driveway to Driveway) 300 feet 250 feet 150 feet 75 feet N/A Minimum Full-Access Driveway Spacing (Setback from Intersection) 300 feet 250 feet 150 feet 75 feet 25 feet Minimum Right- In/Right-Out Driveway Spacing (Setback from Intersection) 150 feet 125 feet 75 feet 50 feet 25 feet Note: Additional access and/or driveway management shall be determined at the development review phase. 8. Street standards shall comply with the standards mentioned in Section 3.6, Street Environment and Public Realm, and Pasco Transportation System Master Plan (TSMP). 9. Management of driveways and access will be in place on the following corridors: Broadmoor Blvd, Sandifur Parkway, Burns Road, Dent Road, and Road 108. 3.2.3.3 Additional standards for Mixed Residential and Commercial district 1. Mixed-use land uses shall have primary automobile access from arterial and/or collector streets with transit and bicycle circulation. Mixed-use districts shall provide pedestrian and bicycle access and circulation to surrounding residential areas. 2. Primary vehicular access to mixed-use districts shall be provided from perimeter arterial streets and/or from perimeter collector streets (Figure 3-6). Deleted: SPACING BY STREET RESTRICT ACCESS FOR BROADMOOR BOULEVARD… Deleted: Access Deleted: districts Commented [JG1]: To be revised to account for access management standards and turning movement restrictions. Page 102 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 41 FIGURE 3-6: CIRCULATION IN MIXED-USE DEVELOPMENTS 3. Internal circulation shall be provided through an internal street system and local access roads. 4. Private streets are allowed to provide internal site circulation within developments and according to the standards approved by the City. 5. The internal transportation network of the mixed-use district shall be designed to maximize multi-modal travel options. All transportation infrastructures shall meet the intent of the City’s Complete Streets Ordinance, PMC 12.15, Best practices criteria, PMC 12.15.050 and comply with the International Fire Code. Dedication of public right-of-way is not required when private streets are used. 3.2.3.4 Transit Developments shall coordinate with transit providers to plan for appropriate locations for bus stops and other transit facilities. 3.2.4 SIGNAGE 1. Developments should consolidate business signage, one on each public street. This does not include wall-mounted signage in front of the businesses. Pole signs are discouraged. If used, pole signs shall be aesthetically pleasing with creative design, use of masonry, or similar material, and integrating landscaping. 2. Projects shall include pedestrian-scale wayfinding signs to be placed in clearly visible areas (Figure 3-7). Such signage can be placed on sidewalks, open spaces, and/or plazas when it does not block the sidewalk and vehicular visibility. Deleted: (Chapter Deleted: PMC) Page 103 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 42 FIGURE 3-7: PEDESTRIAN SCALE WAYFINDING SIGNAGE 3. All light related to signage shall be in compliance with the PMC 12.32, Outdoor Lighting. 4. Signage in the community centers should be designed to reflect the centers’ characteristics and uses. 5. Material used for signage shall be durable in nature and consistent with the design of the project. 6. The following signs shall be prohibited: a. Signs with flashing/strobing light b. Billboard signs c. Signs, which by coloring, shape, wording, or location resemble or conflict with traffic control signs or devices d. Signs that create a safety hazard 3.3 BUILDING TYPES AND STANDARDS 3.3.1 INTENT The intent of standards by building types is to acknowledge a variety of developments that will offer housing choices and create a vibrant community. These standards will provide greater flexibility and address the physical, functional, and aesthetic objectives of the master plan. 3.3.2 RESIDENTIAL BUILDING TYPES Residential building types allowed in various land use districts and standards are described below. All residential site and building design standards, such as lot size, frontage, setback, parking, Page 104 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 43 orientation, height, bulk etc. from the Pasco Municipal Code shall apply to residential developments in Broadmoor area. 3.3.2.1 Single-family residential - detached 1. Traditional detached or single family detached dwelling means a free-standing dwelling unit designed for or occupied exclusively by one family that is not adjoined by any other dwelling units. (Figure 3-8). 2. Shared driveway: Two to four single-family homes with a shared driveway access from the street to the lot are allowed (Figure 3-8). 3. Cottage housing: Cottage housing is generally defined as a grouping of small, single-family dwelling units clustered around a common area and developed with a coherent plan for the entire site (Figure 3-8). Units shall be built at or below 1,200 square feet. By design, cottage housing is geared toward single-family tenancy and can be constructed as either attached or detached units. Cottage housing developments should be focused around community courtyards where housing clusters numbering 4 to 12 units open onto the shared space. FIGURE 3-8: SINGLE-FAMILY DETACHED HOUSING 3.3.2.2 Single-family residential - attached 1. Townhomes: Townhouses are defined as single-family dwellings with at least two floors and share at least one wall with another house (Figure 3-9). Unlike duplexes or multiplexes, however, each townhouse is individually owned on an individual lot. No dwelling unit is located above or below another dwelling unit. The building generally comprises of 4 units. Page 105 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 44 Townhomes Townhomes Row houses Townhomes Townhomes Row houses/ townhomes FIGURE 3-9: SINGLE-FAMILY ATTACHED HOUSING 2. Row houses: A row house is a series or row of single-family attached dwellings units that faces the street (Figure 3-9). The building is generally composed of 5 or more attached 2- or 3-story dwelling units arranged side by side. The ground floor may be raised above grade to provide privacy for ground floor rooms. Each dwelling unit shares at least one common wall with another dwelling unit. No dwelling unit is located above or beneath another. The primary building sits at the front of the property, with the garage at the rear, sometimes separated from the primary building by a rear yard. Each row house is individually owned on an individual lot. 3.3.2.3 Multi-family residential – medium to high density 3. Duplex style dwellings consist of a pair of dwelling units located side by side or one above the other to create one building on a single lot. Triplexes and fourplexes are 3 or 4 dwelling units located side by side or one above the other to create one building on a single lot (Figure 3-10). Also see the definition, dwelling unit, duplex in PMC. 4. Multiplex is a residential building consisting of four or more dwelling units. Depending on the lot size and context the units can be placed side by side, front-to-back or stacked, or some combination of these options (Figure 3-10). 5. Courtyard multifamily: Three or more dwelling units arranged around a shared courtyard, with pedestrian access to the building from the courtyard and/or fronting the street (Figure 3-10). Also see definition, dwelling unit, courtyard apartment in PMC. Page 106 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 45 6. Live-work unit: An integrated residence and work space located at street level, occupied and utilized by a single household in an array of at least 3 such structures, or a structure with at least 3 units arranged side by side along the primary frontage, that has been designed or structurally modified to accommodate joint residential occupancy and work activity (Figure 3-10). 7. Row house: Similar as defined in row house under single-family attached except that all units of the building share one lot (Figure 3-10). 8. Stacked unit apartments: This includes more than 1 dwelling unit in a single structure. It is not a cottage house, row house, or townhouse development (Figure 3-10). Stacked flats can be entirely residential, or in mixed-use building with residential units on top of ground floor commercial. Duplex ((side by side and stacked)) Triplex Courtyard Duplex Multiplex Stacked units/ apartments/ Multiplex FIGURE 3-10: MULTIPLE-FAMILY HOUSING TYPES 3.3.3 MIXED, COMMERCIAL, AND CIVIC BUILDING TYPES 3.3.3.1 Mixed use Buildings 1. Mixed-use developments integrate two or more land uses, such as residential with commercial and/or office that support each other with a strong pedestrian orientation. Mix of uses can be on a site in multiple buildings (horizontal), or in individual buildings (vertical), or a combination of both (Figure 3-11). Page 107 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 46 2. Horizontal mixed-use development incorporates residential and pedestrian-oriented commercial uses (and any additional uses allowed in the underlying zoning district) on the same lot or contiguous lots (Figure 3-11). This type of development may occur within a single building where uses are separated by walls or within multiple buildings. Horizontal mix of uses in multiple buildings Vertical mix of uses in the same building with ground floor retail Courtyard Mixed Use Linear Mixed Use Courtyard Mixed Use Mix of use in multiple buildings FIGURE 3-11: VARIOUS MIXED-USE BUILDINGS AND LAYOUTS 3. Vertical mixed-use development incorporates residential and pedestrian-oriented commercial uses (and any uses allowed in the underlying zoning district) within the same building (Figure 3-11). This type of development may occur within a single building or multiple buildings on the same site or contiguous sites where uses are separated by floors. 4. Pedestrian-oriented commercial use is a commercial enterprise whose customers may likely arrive by foot and may include restaurants, retail shops, personal service businesses, travel Page 108 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 47 services, banks (except drive-through windows), and other similar establishments that generally benefit from pedestrian activity (Figure 3-11). 5. Courtyard Mixed-Use Building. A mix of two building types, the stacked dwelling units, and courtyard housing arranged around a courtyard (Figure 3-11). This includes access to the stacked dwelling and walk-up access to the courtyard housing. The building may include retail, service, or office uses in the ground floor, with upper floors for dwelling units. 6. Linear Mixed-Use Building. Linear building conceals a parking garage or large-scale buildings that do not need street frontage, such as movie theater, to create a pedestrian-friendly environment (Figure 3-11). The building can include retail, service, or office uses in the ground floor, with upper floors for retail, service or office uses, and dwelling units. 3.3.3.2 Commercial Buildings 1. Commercial/Flex Building. A Flex Building is designed for flexible occupancy by retail, service, and/or office uses on the ground floor, with upper floors configured for retail, service, office, and/or other similar uses (Figure 3-12). Second floor units may be directly accessed from the street through a stair; upper floors are accessed through a street level lobby. FIGURE 3-12: COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS Page 109 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 48 3.3.3.3 Civic Buildings 1. Civic buildings are primarily intended for civic, community and institutional uses, and generally define the neighborhood. Buildings include schools, public safety buildings, libraries, recreation, and other community buildings (Figure 3-13). Some facilities carry significance for the community, and building forms are reflective of such intent, such as locating them at a street terminus, or visible with ample setback, taller structure, etc. FIGURE 3-13: CIVIC BUILDINGS 3.4 DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS BY LAND USE The following standards shall apply to each land use district and its subsequent zoning district. Low density residential land uses under R-1 zone shall not be allowed except for subdivisions that have been already approved under Low Density Residential district. 3.4.1 PERMITTED LAND USES 3.4.1.1 Allowed and prohibited uses 1. This section establishes the land uses allowed in each land use designation and the corresponding permit requirements. A parcel or building subject to the Broadmoor Master Plan shall be occupied with only the land uses allowed by Tables 3-5 through 3-8. Definitions of allowed uses are provided in Section 3.3, Building Types and Standards, Section 6, Definitions and in PMC Chapter 25.15, Definitions. Table 3-9 indicates uses that are prohibited in the Broadmoor area. If a land use is not identified in this section, the Planning Director may determine that the use is not permitted, or determine the appropriate definition and the proposed use to be permitted, provided the Planning Director makes the findings in writing that the use will be compatible and consistent with the purpose of the Broadmoor Master Plan. Page 110 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 49 2. Uses within Reclamation land use are not identified in this development regulations. Uses in this land use category shall be determined by the City upon completion of a reclamation study by the Department of Natural Resources. 3. Uses within Industrial land use are not identified in this development regulations. Uses in this land use category is intended to allow the continuation of existing industrial uses under the current industrial regulation in the Pasco Municipal Code until 2035. After that, the industrial land use will be amended to Medium Density Residential. 4. Mixed Residential and Commercial land uses shall be allocated in each segment within the Broadmoor area. Mixed use shall contain a minimum of 20% residential and 20% of non- residential use in each mixed-use planning area. See Figure 3-14. 5. Mixed Residential and Commercial land use can coordinate with another land use that is located within close proximity (½ mile, i.e., generally 10 minutes walking distance) in order to meet the intent of the horizonal mixed use. For example, when Mixed Residential and Commercial land use is located next to Medium Density Residential land use, Mixed Residential and Commercial land use can have a commercial development next to the residential land use, and according to mixed-use standards for commercial uses. Each single use (residential and commercial) in this case can be considered a part of a combined mixed- use development. Deleted: under Page 111 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 50 FIGURE 3-14: MIXED-USE PLANNING AREA TABLE 3-5: RESIDENTIAL USES “P” – permitted subject to applicable standards in this code. Allowed uses will be permitted in structures that have already gone through a site and building review process. “C” – permitted subject to the conditional use provisions “X” – not permitted Uses not listed in this table are not allowed. Land Use LDR MDR Mixed R-C C OS Single-family homes - detached P P X X X Single-family homes - attached • Townhomes/ row houses • Duplexes, triplex, fourplex • Cottage House, Courtyard Housing (4-12 units) P P X X X Live/work unit X P P X X Apartments/Multiple dwellings/Condominiums X P P C X Page 112 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 51 Manufactured homes/ Factory-assembled homes P P C X X Nursing homes and assisted living facilities C C P X X Adult family home (6 or fewer) P P P X X Family home daycare facility P P P X X Bed and breakfast P P P X X TABLE 3-6: COMMERCIAL AND OFFICE USES “P” – permitted subject to applicable standards in this code. Allowed uses will be permitted in structures that have already gone through a site and building review process. “C” – permitted subject to the conditional use provisions “X” – not permitted Uses not listed in this table are not allowed. Land Use LDR MDR Mixed R-C C OS Administrative and professional offices, banks, dancing schools X X P P X Medical and dental offices X X P P X Funeral homes X X X P X Automobile detail shops and automobile rental or leasing X X X P X Hotels and motels X X P P X Restaurants/ café/ breweries and similar uses X X P P X Retails stores and shops, e.g., bakeries, groceries, beauty shops or similar uses X X C1 P P X Filling stations (gasoline and/or electric) X X P P X Car dealership (showroom sale only) X X P P X Car wash, repair X X P P X Entertainment and recreational uses (e.g., theaters) X X P P X Veterinarian clinics for household pets (no boarding or outdoor treatment facilities) X X P P X Wholesale X X X P X 1. Allowed for live work units only Page 113 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 52 TABLE 3-7: CIVIC USES “P” – permitted subject to applicable standards in this code. Allowed uses will be permitted in structures that have already gone through a site and building review process. “C” – permitted subject to the conditional use provisions “X” – not permitted Uses not listed in this table are not allowed. Land Use LDR MDR Mixed R-C C OS Museums and galleries C C P P C Governmental/ civic offices C C P P C Police and fire stations C C P P C Libraries P P P P C Community event centers P P P P P Hospitals, clinics C C P P X Churches and other places of worship C C C P X Educational institutions C C P P C Daycare centers and preschool centers C C P P X Parks, public and private open spaces P P P P P TABLE 3-8: OTHER USES “P” – permitted subject to applicable standards in this code. Allowed uses will be permitted in structures that have already gone through a site and building review process. “C” – permitted subject to the conditional use provisions “X” – not permitted Uses not listed in this table are not allowed. Land Use LDR MDR Mixed R-C C OS Cottage industries (repair, crafts. Hi-tech etc.) X X C C X Business incubators X X P P X Printing shops X X P P X Existing mineral extractions X X X X X TABLE 3-9: PROHIBITED USES “X” – not permitted Land Uses All Land Uses 1. Automobile sales / Car dealership 2. Automobile assembly services, 3. Repair auto body shops1 4. Mini-storage facilities 5. Pawn shops 6. Adult bookstores or entertainment facilities 7. Truck stops – diesel fuel sales X Deleted: Districts Page 114 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 53 “X” – not permitted Land Uses All Land Uses 8. Truck terminals 9. Heavy machinery sales and service 10. Contractor’s plant or storage yards 11. Mobile home and trailer sales and service 12. Veterinarian clinics for livestock, including outdoor treatment facilities 13. Any outdoor manufacturing, testing, processing, or similar activity 14. On-site hazardous substance processing and handling or hazardous waste treatment and storage facilities 15. Junkyards, automobile wrecking yards, scrap iron, scrap paper, or rag storage, sorting, or baling 16. Recreational vehicle parks 17. Outdoor storage of RVs, boats, and trailers (not individual lot specific) 2 Notes: 1. Allowed in Commercial land when such uses are adequately screened with landscaping buffer from abutting residential and mixed-use neighborhoods, and the site and building design is compatible with the surrounded uses 2. Prohibited in Commercial land, allowed as part of residential neighborhoods when screened in such a way that they are not visible from public streets, abutting residential and mixed-use neighborhoods. Such screening must be compatible with the design of the surrounding neighborhoods. 3.4.2 MEDIUM DENSITY RESIDENTIAL DISTRICT This district will implement the standards in this section and standards from PMC R-2, R-3, R-4, and PUD zoning districts. Standards in this section will take precedence over R-2, R-3, R-4, and PUD zoning district standards. 3.4.2.1 Intent The intent of this land use is to allow small lot single-family homes, both attached and detached, as well as duplexes, triplexes or multiplexes, and townhomes in this district. 3.4.2.2 Density Density in this land use district is 6 to 29 dwelling units per acre. Density will vary in different zoning districts. 3.4.2.3 Lot standards TABLE 3-10: LOT SIZE IN ZONING DISTRICTS Building Type R-2 R-3 R-4 Single-family detached (minimum) 5,000 sf/du 3000 sf/du 2000 sf/du Single-family residential - attached Townhome/Row House (minimum) 3,000 sf/du 2,000 sf/du 1,500 sf/du Duplex, Triplex, Fourplex (minimum) 2,500 sf/ du 2,000 sf/du 1,500 sf/du Cottage / courtyard housing (minimum lot size for 4 units minimum to 12 units maximum) 2 2,000 sf/du 1,800 sf/du 1,500 sf/du Deleted: Districts Page 115 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 54 Multiplex (minimum) Based on the Comprehensive Plan density, site design and parking standards Notes: Lot size averaging shall apply according to PMC 21.20.070, Lot Size Averaging. 1. Lot standards shall comply with the PMC 25.22 standards for R-2, R-3 and R-4 zoning districts. A maximum 20% of deviation from lot size, width, and frontage can be allowed if the average of all lots in the development complies with the standards, and if the development achieves a better quality of development by deviating from these standards. Lot size averaging must not reduce the net density. Tables 3-10 indicate lot size requirements. 2. Lot width, frontage, coverage, and building height and setback shall be according to PMC 25.22 standards for R-2, R-3 and R-4 zoning districts. 3.4.2.4 Access and driveways 1. For multi-units, minimum driveway length/ distance between vehicular access driveway and the nearest parking shall be 15 ft. 2. In case of two street accesses, vehicular access/ driveways must be from the less pedestrian focused street (e.g. arterial street) instead of residential street if both options are available. 3. Shared driveways are allowed for maximum 4 detached dwelling units, and for all attached dwelling units (Figure 3-15). 4. Duplexes, triplexes and fourplexes shall have shared driveway access from public street. 5. Minimum width of shared driveway, and/or internal access roads shall be 26 ft with a turning radius of 26 ft except for PMC 21.20.060. Shared driveway from public street; individual unit driveways from private street Shared driveway for up to four single-family detached units Deleted: 4 Page 116 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 55 Driveway access from private street or alley Sidewalk behind the curb-cut FIGURE 3-15: DRIVEWAY OPTIONS 6. When driveways of individual dwelling units consist of more than 50% of the lot width, developments must avoid repeated curb-cuts from public streets in order to provide safe pedestrian movement. At least one of the following design approaches shall be followed (Figure 3-15): a. Use shared driveways in order to reduce individual driveways from the main access road. b. Driveway access from private streets and/or alleys. c. Place the sidewalk behind the curb-cut and with minimum 20-foot driveway depth from the back of the sidewalk. 7. For multi-units, internal access roads connecting parking lots and dwelling units shall be easily identifiable. 8. For apartments and multiplexes, dedicated pedestrian network between parking lots, public streets and sidewalks, open spaces, and community facilities shall be provided. 9. Developments shall provide pedestrian and bicycle access within and onto the site. Access points onto the site shall be provided (a) approximately every 330’ to 660’ feet along existing and proposed perimeter sidewalks and walkways, and (b) at all arrival points to the site, including abutting street intersections, crosswalks, and transit and school bus stops. In addition, access points to and from adjacent lots shall be coordinated to provide circulation patterns between sites. 10. Walkways shall form an on-site circulation system that minimizes the conflict between pedestrians and traffic at all points of pedestrian access to on-site parking and building entrances. Walkways shall be provided when the pedestrian access point onto the site, or any parking space, is more than 60’ feet from the building entrance or principal on-site destination. Deleted: 4 Deleted: 4 Page 117 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 56 11. A cluster or multiple clusters of dwelling units and parking shall be considered to break down the long and linear circulation pattern. 12. A network of pedestrian connections shall be provided between parking lots, street sidewalks, open spaces, community facilities and buildings. 13. Pedestrian walkways shall connect with public parks, open spaces and/or common areas within the development and in the vicinity. 14. Pedestrian access must be clearly visible from the street and parking lots. 15. Minimum width of a hard surfaced walkway shall be according to the ADA standards. 16. Walkways must be adequately lit to meet the safety standards of the City. All lighting, material and surface standards shall meet the City code. 17. Walkways must be maintained by the owner or owner's association. 3.4.2.5 Setbacks 1. Building setbacks shall be according to Table 3-11 and the standards in this Section 3.4.2.5. Also see Figure 3-16. TABLE 3-11: BUILDING SETBACKS HOME TYPE Minimum Building Setbacks Front Rear Side SFDU – Detached, Duplexes (Living Unit) 15’* 15’ 5’ SFDU – Attached, Townhome, Cottage Housing, Multiplex/Apartments^ 12’**,+ 15’ 5’ *Permitted when/if attached garage is setback at least 20’, or accessed via rear alley or shared private driveway; no encroachment of a utility easement permitted **Permitted with shared driveway is used and parking is located in middle or rear of development + When building is accessed directly from public streets, standards of SFDUs-Detached shall apply ^Multiplex/Apartments or mixed use buildings permitted without a minimum setback if abutting a sidewalk is 8’ or wider and has garage or parking located on the back or side of the site. A 5’ landscaping buffer setback is required when abutting sidewalks below 8’ Deleted: 5 Page 118 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 57 2. Front yard setback for single family detached dwelling units and duplexes shall be as follows: a. The living unit of a home may be set back from the back of the sidewalk or property line whichever is closer to the building a minimum of 15 feet if the attached garage is setback at least 20 feet from the back of the sidewalk, or if the garages are accessed from alleyways or private shared driveway. b. A setback of 15 ft from the back of the sidewalk is allowed when parking and garages are located on the rear side Single-family detached Single-family detached – shared driveway Single-family attached - townhomes Cottage homes/ courtyard housing FIGURE 3-16: SETBACKS AND DRIVEWAY STANDARDS BY BUILDING TYPES 3. Front yard setback for single family attached dwelling units and multiplexes shall be as follows: Deleted: 5 Page 119 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 58 a. A setback 12 ft from the back of the sidewalk or property line whichever is closer to the building is allowed when shared driveway is used, and parking area is located in the middle, side of rear side of the development. Building structure shall not encroach upon any utility easements required by the City. b. When buildings are accessed directly from a public street without a shared driveway, standards #2 of this Section 3.4.2.5 shall apply. c. Multiplex/apartments buildings, or townhomes as part of a mixed-use building are allowed without any setback when they abut an 8 ft or wider sidewalk (including street tree planting boxes), and the building has garage parking or parking is located on the side or back of the building. i. For sidewalks below 8 ft, multiplex buildings shall add 5 ft of landscaping in between the sidewalk and building, or expand the sidewalk for an additional 5 ft to be maintained by the property owner, or the home owners’ association. Additional setback may be required to accommodate easements, street or sidewalk improvements, or public plazas. 4. Side yard setback shall be 5 ft for all housing types 5. No side yard setback is required for attached dwelling units in zero lot lines; corners of zero lot lines shall have 5 ft setback 6. Rear yard setback shall be 15 feet for all housing types. 7. Rear yard setback for single family attached dwelling units and multiplexes shall be 15 feet minimum. 8. Lots with alleyways or private driveways and garages accessed from alley shall have 5 ft rear yard setback for the garage portion from alley. Rear yard setback for the living portion shall be according to standards identified in this section. 3.4.2.6 Additional design considerations 1. All residential site and building design standards in the PMC 25.175, such as treatment of the corner lots, entrance, orientation, open space, landscaping, signage, lighting, building height, bulk and scale shall apply. 2. Residential developments should orient to surrounding uses, including residential and non-residential areas, in a way that encourages compatible development patterns, character, and appearances. 3. Where appropriate, incorporate and enhance significant natural features as site amenities and/or design elements. Page 120 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 59 4. Address the critical issues of site layout that influence a compatible and integrated neighborhood character, including, but not limited to, vehicular access, pedestrian connectivity, building orientations, and common spaces. 5. Limit street connections for individual residential homes off major roadways, including highways, principal arterials, and other designated mobility corridors, to mitigate development impacts on the roadway system. 6. Site entryways, primary circulation patterns, and connections to adjacent uses should appear and function like complete streets with sidewalks and pedestrian amenities rather than oriented to accommodate only vehicles. 7. Strategically locate common and open spaces and site amenities to encourage and support pedestrian activity. 3.4.3 MIXED RESIDENTIAL AND COMMERCIAL DISTRICT 3.4.3.1 Intent The purpose of Mixed Residential and Commercial land use district is to encourage mixed-use developments for efficient use of land and public services, increase economic return, reduce transportation costs, encourage human interaction, create place-making with day and evening activities, create a more sustainable development pattern, and increase development opportunities. The notion of mixed use for the Broadmoor area is to accommodate uses that are compatible, supportive, and complement each other. Various land uses in mixed-use designation should be placed in close proximity. To that effect, mixed use can be horizontal in a block setting, or vertical in a building setting as shown in Figure 3-17. Horizontal mix of uses in multiple buildings, commercial facing the street, residential buildings in the back Vertical mix of uses in the same building with ground floor retail FIGURE 3-17: HORIZOTAL AND VERTICAL MIX OF USES Deleted: 6 Deleted: 6 Page 121 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 60 3.4.3.2 Density and mix of uses At least 20% of the combined gross floor area of the buildings proposed on the site shall be devoted to residential uses, and at least 20% to non-residential uses. Parking garages or portions of garages devoted to residential or non-residential uses may be counted toward this requirement, but surface parking may not. 1. Maximum of one single use can be 80% of the total development and/or the floor area, whichever applies. 2. The Planning Director may approve ratios and/or density lower than the minimum up to 10% if the project meets the overall intent of the mixed-use district. 3. Public uses shall be based on design general standards. Residential Mix 1. For vertical mixed-use projects, minimum 20% of the building area for vertical mixed use, or 20% of the total building project wide shall be residential. 2. Density of minimum 21 dwelling units per acre for the residential portion of the site shall be required. Commercial Mix 1. Minimum 20% of the building area for vertical mixed use, or 20% of the total building/floor area on the site shall be commercial. 3.4.3.3 Lot standards Size 1. Lot standards are flexible, and shall be according to the mixed-use block standards in sub- section 3.2.2.2. 2. Residential portions of developments for horizontal mixed-use shall be according to lot standards as mentioned in Medium Density Residential Section 3.4.2.3, Table 3-10, Lot Size in Zoning Districts, and PMC 25.22 standards for R-2, R-3 and R-4 zoning districts. 3.4.3.4 Building design standards Height 1. Mixed use with ground floor retail shall have a maximum height of 90 feet including upper- level step backs. 2. Residential building shall maintain maximum building height according to PMC 25.22 unless mentioned in this Section. Deleted: , and if the development proposal and density based on a site plan indicate such need is based on market research… Page 122 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 61 3. Maximum building height for multiplex/multifamily adjacent to commercial areas in a horizontal mixed-use shall be 90 feet including upper-level step backs. Active Ground Level and Building Design 1. For vertical mixed use, and commercial portion of horizontal mixed use, ground levels shall be designed to promote easy pedestrian access. Human scale design shall include: a. Linkages between sidewalks and building access b. Store frontage with at least 50% of transparent façade on the street side and/or pedestrian access side c. Building form and scales that relate to pedestrians, such as wider sidewalk at the ground level, awning, canopies, pergolas, etc. 2. For vertical mixed use, and commercial portion of horizontal mixed use, buildings should be designed with architectural features such as: a. Projecting or recesses elements, varying roofline, upper level step back (Figure 3-18) b. Modulation and articulation. Vertical articulation of buildings shall be at least at every 50 feet. FIGURE 3-18: GROUND FLOOR RETAIL AND UPPER LEVEL STEP BACK 3. At least 30% of the ground floor of a mixed-use development must be dedicated to commercial uses that are accessible to pedestrians. when located on streets other than principal arterials. These standards shall be applicable for street frontages on arterial streets when they are the main street frontages. Deleted: 7 Deleted: 7 Deleted: of the floor area Deleted: or a portion Deleted: -oriented uses Page 123 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 62 a. Parking garages can be included in this count as long they do not consist of more than 25% of street frontage. These standards shall be applicable for street frontages including arterial and collector street frontages when they are the main street frontages. 4. Commercial building frontages shall have at least 50% of transparent façade on the street side. Blank facades shall not face public streets. In case when such facades are unavoidable, blank facades shall be treated with trellises, modulation of the façade, display windows, artwork, lighting, etc. 5. Service areas such as utilities, dumpsters, loading docks, etc. shall be located in the less visible side of the site to avoid negative visual impacts on the street environments. They shall not face a major public street. In cases where there are no other options, backside facing public streets must be screened from public view with landscaping, and/or fencing that are consistent with the overall building design. 6. Roof-mounted mechanical equipment must be located and screened so the equipment is not visible from the ground level of adjacent streets or properties. Color of roof-mounted equipment should be matched with the exposed color of the roof to minimize visual impacts whenever possible. 7. Other standards such as Section 3.6, Street Environment and Public Realm shall apply to activate buildings’ ground level with the street environment. 3.4.3.5 Access and driveways 1. Standard driveway width for individual dwelling units (attached) for residential uses: 15 feet minimum; 20 feet maximum 2. Shared driveway width for all attached dwelling units shall be 26 feet minimum, 30 feet maximum. This doesn’t apply to multiplexes and/or vertical mixed-use buildings. 3. Additional access and driveway standards from Section 3.4.2.4, Access and driveways shall apply for residential uses in a horizontal mixed-use setting. 4. For vehicular and pedestrian accesses, see Section 3.2.3, Circulation and Connectivity. 5. Each mixed-use building must have clearly visible front entrance accessible by pedestrians from the street. Residential entries should be designed to provide separation between front doors and the street environment. 6. Street crossings/crosswalks for pedestrian shall be designed to enhance visibility and safety; they shall use clear demarcation, painted pavement surface, raised sidewalk at the crossing, or similar treatment. Deleted: when Deleted: the site or Deleted: Store Page 124 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 63 3.4.3.6 Compatibility 1. Compatibility of Uses. Land uses in mixed-use sites shall be selected and designed to encourage interaction among uses (Figure 3-19). Examples include but are not limited to commercial developments that are significantly used for shopping by on-site or adjacent residents or office workers. 2. All buildings and improvements on the site shall be located and designed to look and function as an integrated development and to encourage pedestrian travel between buildings and uses. FIGURE 3-18: INTEGRATED MIXED-USE DEVELOPMENT 3. Multiple uses can be designed to be compatible with each other visually and functionally through massing, building material, façade treatment, and orientation (Figure 3-20). FIGURE 3-20: COMPATIBLE BUILDING DESIGN 3.4.3.7 Setbacks 1. Residential buildings in horizontal mixed-use developments shall comply with the setback standards in Section 3.4.2.5, Setbacks and 3.4.3.8 Building Placement and relationship with Street, whichever is applicable. 2. Commercial and vertical mixed-use buildings: Deleted: 8 Deleted: 8 Deleted: 19 Deleted: 19 Page 125 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 64 a. No setback is required for buildings. b. Setbacks shall be consistent to make a pedestrian-friendly street frontage except when buildings setbacks are used to create plazas, open space and public amenities. c. Majority of setback areas shall be dedicated to public realm for pedestrian activities such as wider sidewalk, plazas, public open spaces, outdoor seating areas, etc. See Section 3.4.3.8, Building Placement and Relationship with Streets, and Section 3.6, Street Environment and Public Realm. 3.4.3.8 Building placement and relationship with streets 1. For horizonal mixed use project site applications, commercial portion of the development should be primarily oriented towards the public street frontage while residential uses can be located further away from the primary street. 2. Parking shall be located behind the buildings (Figure 3-21) and shall not be allowed between buildings and the street within community centers and corridors (Figure 3-26). The City may allow an individual building or development to have surface parking on no more than 30% of the street frontage and according to the standards in Section 3.2.3.2, Street Connectivity Standards. In cases when parking abuts the street, at least 20 feet buffer between the street and the parking lot shall be used. Such buffer shall include sidewalks, plazas, landscaping etc. (Figure 3-37). FIGURE 3-21: BUILDINGS CLOSE TO THE STREET 3. Buildings that are part of mixed-use projects must be located close to the street. When abutting a corridor street, such buildings shall be within 10 feet of the inward from the property line except for when buildings are set back to create plazas, open space and public amenities (Figure 3-22). Deleted: s Deleted: must Deleted: on Deleted: <#>At least 30% of floor area front of the ground floor or a portion of a mixed-use development must be dedicated to commercial uses that are accessible to pedestrian-oriented (e.g., retail, services, etc.) except when they are located on principal arterials that do not abut a mixed-use district. ¶ Deleted: <#>20 Deleted: <#>5 Deleted: <#>6 Deleted: 20 Page 126 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 65 FIGURE 3-22: BUILDING PLACEMENT WITH PLAZAS AND COURTYARDS 4. Corners of community centers and corridor intersections shall be treated with plazas, wider sidewalks, landscaping, artwork, and street furniture such as seating, benches, bike racks, etc. (Figure 3-23). FIGURE 3-23: TREATMENT OF STREET CORNER WITH PLAZAS AND OUTDOOR SEATING 5. The primary access to buildings shall be visually prominent and easily accessible by pedestrians. Street frontages and intersections shall be enhanced with sidewalk, front court, plazas. 6. Separate buildings shall be connected through pedestrian linkages delineated through landscaping, differentiated surface materials, or texture. 7. Blank façade shall be treated with trellises, modulation of the façade, display windows, artwork, lighting, etc. Deleted: 1 Deleted: 2 Deleted: 2 Page 127 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 66 3.4.4 COMMERCIAL DISTRICT 3.4.4.1 Intent The intent of this district is to allow various commercial uses to serve the area such as retail, wholesale, service, and ancillary office uses, as well as appropriate public uses such as government that meet the vision for the Broadmoor area to become a vibrant pedestrian-friendly community with quality design. 3.4.4.2 Development standards 1. Development standards such as density, intensity, setback, height, parking, etc. shall be according to the City’s zoning codes for commercial uses. Additional standards are described below that will take precedence in the case of a conflict with the City’s zoning codes for commercial uses. 3.4.4.3 Building placement and relationship with streets 1. Buildings shall be located close to the street to enhance streetscape character. a. Parking shall not be allowed between buildings and the street. b. In cases when parking is abuts the street, at least 20 feet buffer between the street and the parking lot shall be used. Such buffer shall include sidewalks, plazas, landscaping etc. (Figure 3-37) 2. Commercial buildings abutting mixed-use districts, and/or located within the community centers and corridors (Figure 3-26) shall be within 10 feet of the inward from the property line except for when buildings are set back to create plazas, open space and public amenities (Figure 3-22). 3. Parking shall not be allowed between buildings and the street within community centers and corridors (Figure 3-26). Corners of such community centers and corridors shall be treated with plazas, wider sidewalks, landscaping, artwork, and street furniture such as seating, benches, bike racks, etc. (Figure 3-23). 4. Both pedestrian and vehicular access to the site shall be clearly visible and safe. 5. Buildings should be oriented to face public streets, open space, or plazas. 6. Blank facades shall not face public streets. In case when such facades are unavoidable, blank facades shall be treated according to the standards under building design in Section 3.4.4.4. 7. Buildings are encouraged to be oriented to reduce exposure to strongest summer sunlight and glare from reflecting surfaces. Deleted: 6 Deleted: 5 Deleted: 1 Deleted: 5 Deleted: 2 Page 128 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 67 8. Service areas shall be located away from public streets. 3.4.4.4 Building Design 1. Building designs should appropriately address building scale, mass, and form, and the use of materials, architectural elements, and details to ensure a compatible and aesthetic built environment. 2. Entrance to the building must be prominent with entry doors, porches, protruded or recessed entrances and shall be easily accessible from the adjacent public street and parking lots. 3. Primary pedestrian entrances shall face public streets, open spaces, or plazas,. 4. The street facing facade shall be designed to break down the bulk and mass into pedestrian scale by using the at least two of the modulation and articulation techniques as follows: a. Change in the roof or wall plane. For wall plane (façade modulation), use recesses and/or projections (Figure 3-24) b. Projected or recessed elements, canopies, cornices, etc. c. Upper-level step back when feasible FIGURE 3-24: FAÇADE MODULATION 5. Blank façades shall be treated with trellises, modulation of the façade, display windows, artwork, lighting, etc. 6. For commercial buildings, façade facing public streets or public open spaces or plaza shall have at least 25% of the façade area composed of clear vision glass unless a specific alternative design provides a better façade treatment and is approved by the Planning Director. Deleted: must Deleted: whichever is available Deleted: 3 Deleted: 3 Page 129 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 68 7. For ground floor retail, at least 40% of the ground floor façade shall be oriented towards, or face public streets, public open spaces or plazas, unless a specific alternative design provides a better façade treatment and is approved by the Planning Director. 8. Service areas such as utilities, dumpsters, loading docks, etc. shall be located in the less visible side of the site to avoid negative visual impacts on the street environment. They shall not face a major public street. In cases where there are no other options, backside facing public streets must be screened from public view with landscaping and/or fencing consistent with the overall building design. 9. Roof-mounted mechanical equipment must be located and screened so the equipment is not visible from the ground level of adjacent streets or properties. Color of roof- mounted equipment should be matched with the exposed color of the roof to minimize visual impacts whenever possible. 3.4.5 OPEN SPACE 3.4.5.1 Intent The open space requirements are applicable to all development applications within the Broadmoor Master Plan area. Open space provides various functions, such as active and passive recreation, public realm, pedestrian interaction, contrasts to the built environment, environmental protection, etc. Open Space land use is intended to: • Provide various recreational opportunities in parks and recreation areas • Protect public and/or private natural areas • Offer scenic qualities in a built environment • Protect sensitive or fragile environmental areas and functions of the environment • Preserve the capacity and water quality of the stormwater drainage system • Provide pedestrian and bicycle transportation connections. 3.4.5.2 Standards 1. Standards for various types of open spaces should conform with zoning, streetscape, critical areas, and shoreline regulations and parks and recreation standards as applicable. However, certain open spaces identified in this section may retain the underlying zoning and land use designation of the primary use, such as private plazas, courtyards etc. 2. Open spaces shall be connected with bike and trail facilities. Some open spaces such as plazas can be extensions of the street environment as well as connected with the trail system. Formatted: Not Highlight Deleted: or Deleted: land use Deleted: be in compliance Page 130 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 69 3. Development applications should provide open space within developments in the form of parks, plazas, trail connections and natural open space. Lands for public parks and open space shall be dedicated as required by the City. 4. Additional design considerations for Open Space are indicated in Table 3-12. TABLE 3-12: OPEN SPACE STANDARDS Natural Open Spaces Parks Plazas Trails/Greenways Open space types An open space intended for preservation in its natural condition; this also includes environmentally critical areas; unstructured and limited amount of structures can be allowed. Parks are a combination of active and passive recreational uses, such as sports (active), fishing (passive) as indicated in the City’s PROS Plan. Parks can be public and/or private. An open space available for civic purposes and commercial activities. Building frontages should define these spaces. Plazas are primarily hardscape combined with landscaping. Trails are for pedestrian and bicycle users; they may be placed within developments and natural areas. This includes trails indicated in the PROS Plan, as well as private trails. Frontage/ Access Access can be restricted to protect the sensitive nature of the environment; public streets and pedestrian trails shall provide access according to existing codes. At least two street frontages are required. At least one street frontage is required. Connectivity points with street sidewalks, and public access points required. Size Varies. According to the PROS Plan standards. Width: 10 feet minimum. Length: 20 feet minimum. Width: 5 feet minimum. Facilities to consider Signage, trails, benches, drinking fountains, restrooms. Signage, trails, benches, sports facilities, drinking fountains, restrooms; additional facilities according to the PROS Plan. Seating arrangements, water features, drinking fountains, bike racks. Signage, benches, drinking fountains. 3.4.5.3 Residential open space standards 1. Open spaces within residential development should provide private open space or courtyard for residents (Figure 3-25). Instead of fragmented small open spaces, open Deleted: 4 Page 131 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 70 spaces should be consolidated whenever possible, in accordance with the City’s open space and landscaping standards (PMC 25.175.080). 2. Residential open space shall be no less than 25 feet wide, and not less than 800 square feet in area. Developments of more than 10 units shall add 50 square feet for each additional unit. Townhomes Cottage homes FIGURE 3-25: OPEN SPACES WITHIN RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENTS 3.4.6 RECLAMATION 3.4.6.1 Intent The intent of the Reclamation land use is to designate areas that are currently or more recently have been used for gravel mining operations for future reclamation. 3.4.6.2 Standards 1. A reclamation plan and future studies shall be required to designate appropriate uses in this area. 3.5 STANDARDS APPLICABLE TO COMMUNITY CENTERS AND CORRIDORS 3.5.1 INTENT Community center and corridor standards shall apply to the center and street corridor locations in addition to all other standards in the underlying land use and zoning districts. Community center standards shall apply to abutting properties at the intersections and within 200 feet of the Deleted: 4 Page 132 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 71 intersection as shown in Figure 3-26. Street corridor standards shall apply mostly to mixed-use and abutting street corridors as shown in Figure 3-26. 1. Gateway center at Broadmoor Boulevard and Sandifer Parkway intersection 2. Mixed-use center at Road 100 and Sandifer Parkway intersection 3. Waterfront neighborhood center at the future north-south roadway and Sandifer Parkway intersection FIGURE 3-26: BROADMOOR COMMUNITY CENTERS AND CORRIDOR OVERLAY 3.5.2 GATEWAY CENTER Gateway center shall provide a sense of entering inside a community while maintaining the retail and commercial character of the land use district. 3.5.2.1 Design standards for Gateway Center Within the Broadmoor area, lots at the intersection of Broadmoor Boulevard and Sandifur Parkway shall be treated with the following: 1. Landscaping Deleted: 5 Deleted: 5 Deleted: 5 Page 133 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 72 2. Gateway signage at the intersection 3. Buildings located close to the intersection 3.5.3 MIXED-USE CENTER This will provide a central location for various pedestrian-oriented uses and activities such as restaurants, shopping, transit access, housing, etc. 3.5.3.1 Design standards for Mixed-use Center 1. Buildings shall be located close to the intersection. 2. Buildings shall face the corner and be accessed by pedestrians from the sidewalk(Fig 3- 27). FIGURE 3-27: BUILDING ACCESSED FROM THE CORNER 3. Building designs shall appropriately address building scale, mass, and form, and the use of materials, architectural elements, and details to ensure a compatible and aesthetic contribution to the built environment. 4. Parking lots shall not be allowed at the corner. Locate parking toward the interior of the site and integrate parking areas to establish an attractive built environment that provides accessibility to public spaces and buildings. 5. Sidewalks shall be minimum 8 feet wide. 6. Public spaces, plazas, and/or outdoor seating are required at each intersection. 7. Ground floor retail should have transparent façade to provide visibility. 8. Landscaping with shade trees should be provided. 9. All other Mixed Commercial/Residential District standards shall apply. Deleted: 6 Deleted: 6 Page 134 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 73 3.5.4 WATERFRONT NEIGHBORHOOD CENTER This will provide a central location for various pedestrian-oriented uses and activities as well as access to the trails and shoreline-based recreation. 3.5.4.1 Design Standards for Waterfront Neighborhood Center 1. All standards for Mixed-use Center and Mixed Residential and Commercial District shall apply. 2. Developments should connect to the trail system to provide access to the shoreline according to the City’s Linkage Plan and shoreline access as indicated in the Shoreline Master Program. 3. Developments should consider and provide visual access to the shoreline when possible. 4. Developments should maintain environmental protection. 3.5.5 STREET CORRIDORS Street corridors will promote walkability and create an outdoor environment for various pedestrian- oriented uses and activities such as restaurants, shopping, transit access, housing, etc. 3.5.5.1 Design Standards for Street corridors 1. All standards in Sections 3.4.3.8 and 3.4.4.2, Building Placement and Relationship with Street referring to Street corridors shall apply 2. Parking standards for corridors in Section 3.7 shall apply 3. Street Environment and Public Realm standards in Section 3.6 shall apply 3.6 STREET ENVIRONMENT AND PUBLIC REALM 3.6.1 INTENT The intent of street standards is to create an outdoor environment reflecting the character of each district (Figure 3-26). For example, streets within mixed-use districts shall be pedestrian oriented to allow active outdoor pedestrian ambience. For mixed-use districts, street sidewalks should provide public realm with walking, shopping, seating, and various interactions. Streets should provide connectivity, accessibility, window shopping, and various recreational opportunities. For residential streets, access and circulation for both pedestrian and vehicular traffic should be considered. Deleted: 5 Page 135 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 74 Expansion of sidewalks for outdoor seating Sidewalk promoting walkability and enjoyment FIGURE 3-28: ACTIVE STREET ENVIRONMENT WITH OUTDOOR SEATING AND WALKING 3.6.2 STANDARDS 3.6.2.1 Street environment 1. Sidewalks in the mixed-use and commercial districts shall be wide in accordance with Figures 3-30 through 3-35. Businesses fronting such sidewalks shall be allowed to provide outdoor seating and activities when such activities maintain a clear width according to ADA standards. 2. Streetscape shall comply with Section 3.7, Landscaping Standards 3. Mixed-use streets shall include street furnishing such as outdoor seating, benches, bike racks, artworks, planter boxes etc. Front side of mixed-use buildings shall include plazas, outdoor seating areas, and/or landscaping. 4. Building design, facades treatment and architectural details shall create visual interest at the street level. Developments standards under Sections 3.4.3.8 and 3.4.4.3, Building Placement and Relationship with Streets shall apply for an effective street environment. 5. The City’s Transportation System Master Plan (TSMP) provides lists of specific street types and design standards based on traffic demand, and the character of the land use district they will serve. Based on the TSMP, Broadmoor area street and sidewalk standards shall maintain the standards illustrated in Figures 3-30 through 3-35. 3.6.3 COURTYARDS AND PLAZAS 1. Both private and semi-private outdoor spaces shall be incorporated in mixed-use developments. Private outdoor courtyard areas are for residents only. Semi private plaza areas for visitors shall also be provided in areas adjacent to the retail/commercial uses 2. Plazas can be located at major street intersections, and connected with sidewalks and pedestrian trails. 3. Buildings shall be oriented towards plaza areas to create an active street environment. Deleted: 7 Deleted: 29 Deleted: 29 Page 136 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 75 3.6.3.1 Mid-block connections 1. Mid-block connections shall be allowed through the site and through the buildings to enhance pedestrian connections through the neighborhoods (Figure 3-29). 2. They shall be used when block length exceeds the required standards. 3. Access to mid-block pathways should be clearly visible, and should be designed to invite pedestrians. 4. Mid-block connections shall be well-lit for safety 5. They should connect with sidewalks and other street level uses such as outdoor seating and dining, art-work, water features etc. FIGURE 3-29: COMMERCIAL AND/OR CIVIC SPACE MID-BLOCK CONNECTION 3.6.3.2 Alleys 1. Alleys are to be used for service access, such as garages for residential uses, and loading services for commercial uses. 2. Alleys are encouraged in all districts. 3.6.3.3 Service and internal connections 1. Standards for private streets/lanes: a. Private street improvements for streets providing access to uses that are not single- family residential shall meet the standards for local access roads, at a minimum, with the exception being that sidewalk must be present on at least one side and on-street parking must be present on one side. This will result in a roadway section, with curb and gutter, that measures 31 feet back-to-back of curb. Street lighting will be provided per the type chosen at the developer’s discretion. b. Private street improvements for streets providing access to single-family residential uses shall be designed to meet International Fire Code requirements for fire apparatus, including pavement markings and signage for “No Parking – Fire Lane.” Deleted: 28 Deleted: 8 Page 137 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 76 Sidewalks are not required when pedestrian paths are provided with a design accommodating pedestrian circulation that is separated from vehicle traffic movements. Street lighting will be provided per the type chosen at the developer’s discretion. c. Private streets must not interfere with vehicle, public transportation, or non-motorized access to public areas, and may not preclude the connection of the transportation system. d. Stormwater facilities must be designed to treat and retain all stormwater on site without any runoff entering City right-of-way. e. Every private street within the district shall be named, and names shall be clearly posted in accordance with the Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) standards. 2. Alleys, if used, shall maintain a minimum 20-foot width. Page 138 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 77 Principal Arterial – Mixed-Use Street Principal Arterial – Residential Street Principal Arterial – Commercial Street FIGURE 3-30: PRINCIPAL ARTERIAL STREET STANDARDS Deleted: 29 Page 139 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 78 Mixed-Use Street Residential Street Commercial Street FIGURE 3-31: MINOR ARTERIAL STREET STANDARDS Deleted: 30 Page 140 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 79 Collector – Mixed-Use Street Collector – Residential Street Collector – Commercial Street FIGURE 3-32: COLLECTOR STREET STANDARDS Deleted: 31 Page 141 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 80 Neighborhood Collector – Mixed-Use Street Neighborhood Collector – Residential Street Neighborhood Collector – Commercial Street FIGURE 3-33: COLLECTOR STREET STANDARDS Deleted: 32 Page 142 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 81 Local Street – Mixed-Use Street Local Street – Residential Street Local Street – Commercial Street FIGURE 3-34: LOCAL STREET STANDARDS Deleted: 33 Page 143 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 82 3.6.3.4 Multi-use Trails Trails in the Broadmoor areas can be multi-use/ shared-use in conjunction with existing sidewalks, or standalone pathways. These will provide walking and biking opportunities. Depending on their location, they can serve both recreational and transportation needs. The path design will vary in terms of use, surface types, and widths. Hard surfaces are generally better for bicycle travel. Adequate widths should be provided to accommodate walking, biking, and maintenance vehicle access. Recommended width identified for trails is shown in Figure 3-35. FIGURE 3-35: MULTI-USE PATHWAY 3.7 PARKING STANDARDS 3.7.1 GENERAL STANDARDS FOR RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENTS 1. Locate parking toward the interior of the site, or backside of the buildings; integrate parking areas to establish an attractive built environment that provides accessibility to public spaces and buildings 2. Two on-site parking stalls per dwelling unit is required in general except for when they are specifically mentioned in Table 3-13. 3. For multi-unit apartments containing studio units, a reduction in parking for studio units can be considered at one parking per each studio apartment. 4. An average of 25% reduction in minimum parking is allowed for all dwelling units in a multiplex within ¼ mile of transit 5. For multiplexes/ apartments, primary parking, open or covered, and garages must be located at the rear or side of the lot, or must be located in areas that are less visible or less prominent from the street. On the primary street frontage, no more than 10% of the total parking stalls, or 35% of the street frontage, whichever is less in length can be used for parking. Deleted: 4 Deleted: 34 Page 144 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 83 6. For multiplexes/ apartments, parking located near the street must be screened with a minimum of 15 ft landscaping buffer between the sidewalk and parking. Landscaping buffer shall include trees and shrubs. See Residential Site Landscaping for additional details. 7. For multiplexes/ apartments, parking must be visible and adequately lit from open areas, pedestrian walkways and dwelling units in order to ensure safety. 8. Large parking lots in apartment or multi-unit developments with more than 660 liner feet of parking shall be broken into a few smaller parking lots. 3.7.2 ADDITIONAL STANDARDS FOR MIXED-USE AND COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENTS 1. Parking in the mixed-use districts shall be according to the requirements in Table 3-13. 2. Residential and commercial parking shall be physically separated or clearly designated. 3. Vehicular access to commercial and residential parking areas and garages shall be from arterial or collector streets when such access is available. 4. Parking lots shall not occupy the corner directly facing a street intersection. 5. On local, neighborhood collector and collector streets in mixed-use districts, and within community centers and corridors (Figure 3-26), parking shall not be located between the street and the primary building (Figure 3-36). The City may allow an individual building or development to have surface parking on no more than 50% of the street frontage in Commercial district, and no more than 30% on the centers and corridor streets (Figure 3-26) and according to the standards in Section 3.2.3.2, Street Connectivity Standards. Parking garages can be included in the count as buildings as long as they do not consist of more than 25% of the site or street frontage. These standards shall also be applicable for arterial and collector street frontages when they are the main street frontages. Deleted: 5 Deleted: 5 Deleted: 5 Page 145 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 84 FIGURE 3-36: PARKING BEHIND THE BUILDING IN MIXED-USE DISTRICT 6. Portions of site frontages that are devoted to off-street parking or access shall include design features such as landscaping screening to maintain visual continuity of the street and sidewalk to the fullest extent possible (Figure 3-37). 7. Parking lots shall include bicycle racks near the sidewalk or close to the building. FIGURE 3-37: PARKING LOT SCREENED WITH LANDSCAPING AND ARTWORK 8. On-street parking or off-street public parking lots may be used in combination with dedicated off-street parking to accommodate parking demand from individual developments. 9. Parking lots among abutting parcels/businesses shall be connected. 10. Developments shall comply with Section 3.8.3, parking lot landscaping and buffer standards. Deleted: 35 Deleted: 6 Deleted: 6 Page 146 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 85 11. Large parking lots shall have pedestrian connectivity e.g. walkways, mid-block connections etc. at every 120 ft. 12. Coordinate with public transportation provider for conformance with planned transit systems to the transportation network and plan for the integration of appropriate transit facilities and infrastructure. 13. Parking lots near transit centers shall include shared parking between businesses and transit riders. In such cases, staggering time of the share parking lots shall be considered. 3.7.2.1 Parking Reductions 1. The number of parking stalls required can be lowered by 15% for parking areas greater than 16,000 square feet. 2. If adjoining developments can be developed and designed efficiently and economically as one facility, the total combined required parking stalls may be reduced by 10%. 3. The required number of parking stalls can also be reduced by 20% if the developer includes access to bus stop on a transit route, or shared parking spaces with adjacent developments. 4. For structured parking, up to 20% reduction in required parking shall be allowed. 5. Parking lots larger than the minimum required in the code should have a 10% increase in the total landscaping area, number of trees, shading, and pedestrian walkways in addition to other design standard requirements. TABLE 3-13: PARKING STANDARDS IN MIXED USE DISTRICTS Use Category Minimum Maximum Residential Uses Single-family detached 1 2 Accessory dwelling units 0.5 1 Single-family attached Townhomes/ row houses 1 2 Duplex, triplex, fourplex 1 per du 2 per du Apartments/ Multifamily dwellings/ Condominiums 0.75 per du 1.5 per du Manufactured homes/ factory-assembled homes According to the type of developments, single-family or multiplex Page 147 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 86 Use Category Minimum Maximum Nursing homes and assisted living facilities 0.25 per bed 0.5 per bed Adult family home (6 or fewer) Same as single-family requirements Family home day care facility Same as single-family requirements COMMERCIAL, OFFICE, EDUCATIONAL, AND GOVERNMENT USES (per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area unless otherwise specified) Churches, places of worship, clubs, fraternal societies 1 per 100 square feet main assembly area 1 per 60 square feet of main assembly area Commercial lodging (hotel, motel, bed and breakfast, short-term vacation rentals) 0.5 per room 1 per room Educational uses Elementary schools 1 per classroom and 1 per employee 1.5 per classroom Middle schools 1 per classroom 2 per classroom High school 7 per classroom 10.5 per classroom Universities, colleges, business, professional, technical and trade schools 0.3 per full-time student and 0.8 per employee 0.5 per FTE student and 0.8 per employee Gyms or fitness centers 3 5 Museums and art galleries 2.5 4 Offices: administrative, professional, government 2 4 Medical and dental offices Same as retail and services Libraries Same as offices Community event centers Based on site planning standards Portable food vendors/food trucks None required None required Restaurants/bars/ breweries, wineries, and distilleries 0.5 per 3 seats 1.0 per 3 seats Retail sales and services 3 5 Car dealership (showroom sale Same as retail and services Page 148 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 87 Use Category Minimum Maximum only) Car wash, repair Same as retail and services Filling stations ((gasoline and/or electric) Same as retail and services Veterinarian clinics for household pets (no boarding or outdoor treatment facilities) Same as retail and services RECREATIONAL AND ENTERTAINMENT USES (per 1,000 square feet of gross floor area unless otherwise specified Public and private parks and trails To be determined during land use approval process Event entertainment (indoor or outdoor) 1 per 8 seats 1 per 5 seats Theaters 1 per 4 seats 1 per 2.7 seats Institutional Uses Hospitals 1 per bed 1.5 per bed Police and fire stations 2 4 3.8 LANDSCAPING STANDARDS 3.8.1 GENERAL STANDARDS 1. Developments should conform with the landscaping standards of PMC 25.180, especially PMC 25.180.060 for streets in the Broadmoor area, and PMC 25.180.070, Parking Lot Landscaping. 2. Landscaping should maintain the selection of plants listed from the Washington Native Plant List for Franklin County (wnps.org). Xeriscape methods for drought-tolerant landscaping should be used. Plant material shall be a mixture of drought-tolerant deciduous and evergreen trees. Drought-tolerant plant materials may contribute up to 50% of the required landscaping ground cover and street trees. 3. Preservation of mature trees should be considered during any development. . 4. Replacement of existing trees shall be 1:1.5 ratio. Page 149 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 88 3.8.2 STREET FRONTAGE 1. Street trees shall be planted along public streets as shown in Section 3.6, Street Environment and Public Realm. 2. Developments must include street trees aligned in clusters of varied spacing or equal spacing depending on the street and neighborhood character. 3. Where street trees are planted with equal spacing, spacing shall be 30 feet maximum from each center. 4. Street tree minimum size at installation should be 1.5-inch caliper. 5. Street tree locations must be coordinated with the street lighting and utility plans to minimize interference. 6. All landscaping elements, plant materials, and street trees shall be planted or installed by the developer and maintained by the property owners or business owners. A maintenance agreement among adjoining property owners shall be required; the agreement shall run with the land. 3.8.3 PARKING LOT LANDSCAPING AND BUFFERS 1. The parking lots must be landscaped with large canopy type trees as listed in the recommended tree listing or as approved by the City, that provide shade without obstructing visual access to businesses. Trees should be allowed to mature and be maintained a minimum height of 30 feet. At least 40% of the entire parking lot must be shaded by these trees within 12 years of planting. 2. Large parking lots shall be broken into smaller ones with landscaping and pedestrian connections. A landscaped area shall be within 75 feet of any parking stall. 3. Safe pedestrian walkways shall be provided from the parking lot to the building and public sidewalks. 4. Parking lots between the building and an arterial street shall have a minimum buffer of 15 feet between the parking lot and the property line. 5. Parking lots adjacent to local access streets and alleys shall have a minimum buffer of 5 feet between the parking lot and the property line. 6. All developments shall provide interior parking landscape areas at the following rates: a. If parking lots have 10 to 30 parking stalls, then 20 square feet of interior parking landscape per parking stall shall be provided. Page 150 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 89 b. If parking lots have 31 to 50 parking stalls, then 25 square feet of interior parking landscape per parking stall shall be provided. c. If parking lots have 51 or more parking stalls, then 30 square feet of interior parking landscape per parking stall shall be provided. 7. Interior parking lot landscape areas distributed as planting islands or strips shall have an area of at least 100 square feet and a narrow dimension of no less than 5 feet in any direction. 8. Priority for location of interior parking lot landscaping shall be: a. First, at the interior ends of each parking bay in a multiple lane parking area. This area shall be at least 5 feet wide and shall extend the length of the adjacent parking stall. This area shall contain at least one tree. b. Second, with the remaining required square footage of landscape area being equally distributed throughout the interior of the parking lot either as islands between stalls or landscape strips between the two rows of a parking bay or along the perimeter of the parking lot. Interior landscape islands shall be at least 5 feet wide and shall extend the length of the adjacent parking stalls. Landscape strips must be a minimum 5 feet wide. 3.9 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 3.9.1 STANDARDS Any developments in the environmentally sensitive areas shall be avoided unless they are mitigated according to local, state, and federal regulations. 1. Developments shall comply with the City’s Critical Areas Ordinance and Shoreline Master Program regulations as applicable. Mitigation of existing PHS areas has been coordinated with WDFW. This mitigation plan in the Broadmoor Area EIS shall be followed for environmental protection. 2. Install and use stormwater best management practices (BMPs) to include control structures (i.e., silt fencing, etc.) (refer to Stormwater Management Manual for Eastern Washington, August 2019; https://apps.ecology.wa.gov/publications/documents/1810044.pdf) to prevent the likelihood of construction and stormwater runoff degrading surface waters and adjacent wetlands/riparian habitats. Control structures should be properly maintained and inspected on a regular basis to ensure the integrity of BMPs. Page 151 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 90 3. Monitor the adverse impact and the compensation projects and take appropriate corrective measures on a periodic basis as required. Page 152 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 91 4 COST ESTIMATE 4.1 KEY IMPROVEMENTS The City has identified priority areas for development and costs of capital facilities projects. Table 4-1 identifies cost estimates for some major capital projects. This is provided only with available data, and the actual cost of the entire area is expected to be higher, different, and/or subject to change. The City is also assessing ways to finance projects with tax revenue, bonds, and TIF. TABLE 4-1: COST ESTIMATE Capital Facilities Estimated Cost ($) Water West Pasco Water Treatment Plant expansion – Phase 1 and 21 2,700,000 West Pasco Water Treatment Plant expansion upgrade1 910,000 New Storage Reservoir: 3.5 MG - Zone 31 7,469,000 Water transmission line (Transmission Main from West Pasco Water Treatment Plant to Broadmoor area) - 24 in2 3,221,000 Water transmission line (Transmission Main from West Pasco Water Treatment Plant to Broadmoor area) - 18 in2 1,985,000 Backbone Transmission Main (12,16,24 inch) 2 6,961,000 3,174,000 4,832,000 Subtotal 31,252,000 Sewer West Broadmoor Sewer Main3 6,116,000 West Broadmoor Lift Station3 2,935,000 Sewer trunk line from Sandifur Parkway Extension to Desiree Street 4,598,000 Regional/Broadmoor Area Lift Station (includes the force main) 2 3,500,000 Gravity Sewer Main – Extension of Harris Rd Sewer2 9,169,000 Gravity Sewer Main – Regional Lift Station Basin2 8 inch 5,315,000 12 inch 7,138,000 15 inch 6,167,000 Subtotal 44,938,000 Street, Park, and Fire Improvements Harris Road/Road 1084 9,909,450 Sandifur Parkway Extension from Broadmoor Boulevard to future Road 1084 7,363,350 Page 153 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 92 Capital Facilities Estimated Cost ($) Sandifur Parkway Extension from future Road 108 to future Dent Road4 5,146,450 Broadmoor Boulevard improvements4 2,676,300 Broadmoor Intersections4 1,927,000 Future Buckingham Drive4 4,804,900 Burns Road from Broadmoor Boulevard to future Road 1084 2,718,950 Burns Road from future Road 108 to future Dent Road4 2,725,750 Harris Road extension and east west road between Harris Road and Road 1084 7,274,850 Subtotal 44,547,000 I-82 Loop Ramp4 6,000,000 Parks5 6,100,000 Fire Station5 500,000 Subtotal 9,900,000 Total 143,237,000 Sources: 1. Pasco Comprehensive Water System Plan 2019 2. Technical memorandum from Murraysmith on November 18, 2019; updated January 6, 2020 – 6 year planning horizon; this includes an expanded study area outside of the Broadmoor boundary 3. City of Pasco 2021 Comprehensive Sewer Plan Addendum 4. Tax Increment Financing estimates from the City 5. Pasco CIP 2020- 2025 Page 154 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 93 5 IMPLEMENTATION The Broadmoor Master Plan will be implemented through various tools and policies by the City and its partners. 5.1 PARTNERSHIP The City and property owners should partner in developing the area with common goals and vision. A public-private partnership will require cost sharing between the City and developers, locating catalytic projects in the area, and identifying and allocating capital funds for the development of this area. Other partnership activities will include marketing the area for a business-friendly environment, welcoming businesses, and promoting innovative businesses. The City will partner with other public and private agencies. • Benton Franklin Transit Authorities - transit centers, transit stops, and a pedestrian-friendly environment • Pasco School District – to provide school sites, share school and park facilities • Port of Pasco – jobs and tourism in this area • Franklin County – regional collaboration • Visit Tri-Cities – jobs and tourism • Pasco Chamber of Commerce – business development • Pasco Housing Authority, Homebuilders’ Association – promote various housing choices 5.2 FINANCING Financing capital projects will be the key in implementing the master plan vision. The City has already allocated funds in its Capital Improvement Program (CIP) for major roads, water, and sewer infrastructure. Additional financing is being planned through TIF. 5.2.1 TAX INCREMENT FINANCING According to RCW 39.114, TIF provides a financing tool that local governments in Washington State (defined as cities, towns, counties, port districts, or any combination thereof) can use to fund public infrastructure in targeted areas to encourage private development and investment. The City of Pasco may identify Broadmoor as the “increment area.” Once identified, the property tax portion of increases in assessed value of properties within Broadmoor area can be allocated toward paying for the public improvement and infrastructure costs of this area. The City is assessing the use of this tool to finance various transportation projects included under street improvements in Table 4-1 in the previous section. Page 155 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 94 5.3 PHASED DEVELOPMENT The Broadmoor area will be developed in multiple phases based on the local market conditions, investments, and financing tools as they become available for this area. Initial phase developments will occur on the east side near Broadmoor Boulevard. Later phases will take place farther to the west. However, developments on the west side near the Columbia River would likely occur concurrently with the developments near Broadmoor Boulevard. 5.4 DEVELOPMENT REGULATIONS Development regulations under Section 3 of this document will be implemented in coordination with other municipal codes. When there is a conflict, the more restrictive regulation, or the regulation that better implement the vision of the Broadmoor area, will apply. 5.5 PERMIT PROCESS The City will identify and designate zoning districts consistent with all the land use districts designated in this master plan. Zoning and land use districts shall comply with this master plan and development regulations, and other applicable PMC regulations. Development permit process shall undergo a regular site plan permit process for all district other than Mixed Residential and Commercial district. For mixed use projects, steps in Section 5.5.1 shall be followed. 5.5.1 MIXED USE PROJECT REVIEW PROCESS 5.5.1.1 Single Mixed-Use Project (Vertical and Horizontal): A mixed-use project that is either vertical or horizontal and contained within a single building and single site shall be reviewed through the site plan process. 5.5.1.2 Multiple Building / Multiple Site Mixed-Use Development Projects: If the project is horizontally-integrated on more than one site and/or in more than one building, a mixed-use master site plan is required to ensure that the buildings are functionally and physically integrated. 5.5.1.3 Mixed-Use Master Site Plan Requirements. 1. Initial development of a multiple building mixed-use site or phased development of a mixed- use site shall require submittal and approval of a mixed-use master site plan, unless it is already subject to a previous mixed-use master site plan approval. Mixed-use master plans shall include the following: a. All submittals according to the Commercial site plan requirements. Deleted: ¶ Page 156 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 95 b. Mapping and written description of the mix of uses, such as residential and commercial portions. c. If applicable, description of proposed future phasing. d. Written description of the proposal's consistency with transportation and other service requirements. e. A parking plan with written descriptions and graphics describing how residential and non-residential uses can provide sufficient and coordinated parking to avoid impacts on adjacent off-site residential. 2. The overall mix of land uses within a mixed-use planning area (Figure 3-14) shall be reviewed to allow a minimum of 20% residential and 20% of non-residential use according to 3.4.1.1 (4). Proximity to another use can be accounted for in the mix of uses according to 3.4.1.1 (5). 3. The Planning Director may allow flexibility in the site use or allocation of use if the project meets the overall intent of the Broadmoor area. 5.6 MONITORING OF THE PLAN A periodic monitoring system should be established by the City to ensure the developments implement the vision of the Broadmoor area. The City will develop an inventory of projects completed, permits approved and permits applied for in the Broadmoor area. Based in the status of developments, the City will evaluate if the projected goals for the Broadmoor area are being met. The City may assess any implementation challenges and develop strategies such as plan amendment, budget modifications, updated review processes etc. 6 DEFINITIONS Articulation: Shifts in the plane of walls, setbacks, step backs, overhangs, and details in order to create variation in a building façade and divide large buildings into smaller identifiable sections. Main street frontages: Building facing the street of primary access, also the addressed side. Mid-block pedestrian connections: Mid-block connections are pedestrian and bike link on an easement or public land connecting two sides of a block. They are usually located in the middle of a block and increase access to neighborhoods. Deleted: to Deleted: Page Break Page 157 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 96 Mixed use: Mixed use development can be defined as developments integrating two or more land uses, such as residential, commercial, and office that support each other with a strong pedestrian orientation. Mix of uses can be on a site in multiple buildings (horizontal), or in individual buildings (vertical), or a combination of both. Mixed use, horizontal: Development that incorporates residential and pedestrian-oriented commercial uses (and any additional uses allowed in the underlying zoning district) on the same lot or contiguous lots in the same zone. This type of development may occur within a single building where uses are separated by walls or within multiple buildings. Mixed use, vertical: Development that incorporates residential and pedestrian-oriented commercial uses (and any uses allowed in the underlying zoning district) within the same zone. This type of development may occur within a single building or multiple buildings on the same site or contiguous sites where uses are separated by floors. Modulation: Variation in the building mass through the use of step backs, setbacks, diminishing upper floor areas, and/or projecting roof overhangs. Private Street: Internal circulation roads and driveways that serve individual businesses and connect with businesses internally within a site or development. Upper level step backs: Buildings from the ground floor to upper level floors are pushed back toward the center of the property in order to create variation in building mass. Page 158 of 355 Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations Page 97 7 REFERENCES Ecology (2019). Stormwater Management Manual for Eastern Washington, August 2019. Washington State Department of Ecology, Water Quality Division, Publication 18-10-044. Available online at: https://apps.ecology.wa.gov/publications/documents/1810044.pdf. Accessed: December 23, 2021 Municipal Services and Resource Center (mrsc.org/Home/Explore-Topics/Planning/Development- Types-and-Land-Uses/Mixed-Use.aspx) Pasco Transportation System Master Plan 2022 Pasco Capital Improvement Plan 2020-2025 WDFW. (2018a). Priority Habitats and Species (PHS) on the web. Available online at: https://wdfw.wa.gov/conservation/endangered/status/SE/. Accessed June, 2018 Page 159 of 355 APPENDIX A DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT Page 160 of 355 Page 161 of 355 Page 162 of 355 Page 163 of 355 Page 164 of 355 Page 165 of 355 Draft Environmental Impact Statement Broadmoor Area Non-Project Draft EIS City of Pasco, Washington December 2022 Page 166 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page i December 2022 FACT SHEET PROJECT TITLE Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS PROPOSED ACTION This Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) evaluates the impacts resulting from the adoption of a Master Plan for a 1,240-acre area in the northwest portion of the City of Pasco and the Pasco Urban Growth Area boundary. ALTERNATIVES Alternative 1, No Action Existing Land Use Alternative: This alternative will accommodate the 2018-2038 Comprehensive Plan and the preexisting developments. Alternative #1 will provide a variety of low-density to high-density residential developments but will result in decreased residential capacities due to the existing development in the unincorporated Urban Growth Area. This alternative will result in residential growth below the established growth target. Alternative 2, Mixed Density and Open Space Alternative (preferred): This alternative will allow developments in mixed land use settings and will update open space locations based on recent changes in irrigation water management. Alternative #2 will reallocate planned growth areas to incorporate existing development patterns to meet the established growth target. LOCATION The area is generally bound by the Columbia River on the west, Broadmoor Boulevard on the east, Burns Road on the north, and Interstate 182 on the south. PROPONENT/APPLICANT City of Pasco LEAD AGENCY City of Pasco Community Development Department 525 N. 3rd Avenue Pasco, WA 99301 RESPONSIBLE OFFICIAL Mr. Rick White Community & Economic Development Director 525 N. 3rd Avenue Pasco, WA 99301 whiter@pasco-wa.gov Page 167 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page ii December 2022 LEAD AGENCY CONTACT PERSON Jacob B. Gonzalez Planning Manager Community & Economic Development Department 525 N. 3rd Avenue Pasco, WA 99301 BroadmoorPlanning@pasco-wa.gov PERMITS AND APPROVALS This EIS evaluates the impacts resulting from the adoption of a Master Plan for a 1,240-acre area in the northwest portion of the City of Pasco and the Pasco Urban Growth Area boundary. The Final Non-Project EIS will require approval from the City of Pasco. Other permits/approvals anticipated: - WSDOT approval City of Pasco approvals: - Land use approvals - Right-of-way permits Washington State Department of Ecology Fish & Wildlife, US Army Corps - Shoreline developments EIS AUTHORS AND PRINCIPAL CONTRIBUTORS Oneza & Associates Ferdouse Oneza, AICP White Bluffs Consulting Ben Floyd Hansen Design David Hansen, Nathan Charlton, Greg Swenson TerraGraphics Danielle Adams, Justin Mays: Environmental PREVIOUS ENVIRONMENTAL DOCUMENTS Pasco Comprehensive Plan and EIS, 2018 - 2038 Pasco Comprehensive Water System Plan, 2019 Pasco Comprehensive Sewer Plan, 2014 City of Pasco 2021 Sewer Plan Addendum Pasco Irrigation Master Plan, 2013 Draft Pasco Transportation System Master Plan, 2022 Page 168 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page iii December 2022 LOCATION OF BACKGROUND INFORMATION DATE OF DRAFT EIS ISSUANCE WRITTEN COMMENTS DATE DRAFT EIS COMMENTS ARE DUE AVAILABILITY OF THE DRAFT EIS WAS PROVIDED AT THESE LOCATIONS City of Pasco Community & Economic Development Department December 16, 2022 Written comments are required to be submitted to: City of Pasco, Community & Economic Development Department Attn: Rick White Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS 525 N. 3rd Avenue, Pasco, WA 99301 Email: whiter@pasco-wa.gov BroadmoorPlanning@pasco-wa.gov January 16, 2023 Physical copies of the Draft EIS can be requested and are available by contacting: BroadmoorPlanning@pasco- wa.gov or (509) 545-3441, at the Community & Economic Development Department www.pasco-wa.gov/149/Community-Economic- Development FINAL EIS TBD NON-PROJECT EIS Anticipated Adoption Date: Month 2022 NEXT ACTIONS After the adoption process of the Broadmoor Master Plan and issuance of the final EIS, projects will be reviewed on an individual basis for consistency with the EIS. Page 169 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page iv December 2022 TABLE OF CONTENTS FACT SHEET ..................................................................................................................................... i TABLE OF CONTENTS ..................................................................................................................... iv LIST OF TABLES .............................................................................................................................. vi LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................................ vi LIST OF APPENDICES ..................................................................................................................... vii 1. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................... 1 WHAT IS A NON-PROJECT EIS? ......................................................................................... 1 PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES .............................................................................................. 1 PROCEDURES AND PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT ....................................................................... 3 HOW WILL FUTURE ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEWS BE HANDLED? ........................................ 4 RELATIONSHIP TO PLANS AND POLICIES ........................................................................... 4 2. LOCATION ............................................................................................................................... 5 3. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ................................................................................................... 5 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................... 5 ALTERNATIVE 1 – NO ACTION EXISTING LAND USE ........................................................... 6 ALTERNATIVE 2 – MIXED DENSITY AND OPEN SPACE ....................................................... 9 COMPARISON OF ALTERNATIVES ................................................................................... 12 4. MAJOR ISSUES AND SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ............................................. 14 NATURAL ENVIRONMENT .............................................................................................. 14 4.1.1 EROSION AND STORMWATER ................................................................................. 14 4.1.2 GROUNDWATER ..................................................................................................... 14 4.1.3 WILDLIFE AND HABITATS ........................................................................................ 14 BUILT ENVIRONMENT .................................................................................................... 15 4.2.1 AESTHETICS AND VISUAL SETTING ........................................................................... 15 4.2.2 TRAFFIC .................................................................................................................. 15 5. AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT, POTENTIAL IMPACTS, AND MITIGATION MEASURES ..................... 17 EARTH ........................................................................................................................... 19 5.1.1 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT....................................................................................... 19 5.1.2 POTENTIAL IMPACTS ............................................................................................... 25 5.1.3 MITIGATION MEASURES ......................................................................................... 25 AIR QUALITY .................................................................................................................. 26 5.2.1 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT....................................................................................... 26 5.2.2 POTENTIAL IMPACTS ............................................................................................... 30 5.2.3 MITIGATION MEASURES ......................................................................................... 31 WATER RESOURCES ....................................................................................................... 32 5.3.1 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT....................................................................................... 32 5.3.2 POTENTIAL IMPACTS ............................................................................................... 36 Page 170 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page v December 2022 5.3.3 MITIGATION MEASURES ..........................................................................................37 FISH AND WILDLIFE AND HABITATS .................................................................................37 5.4.1 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT....................................................................................... 38 5.4.2 POTENTIAL IMPACTS ............................................................................................... 44 5.4.3 MITIGATION MEASURES ......................................................................................... 45 ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH ............................................................................................. 46 5.5.1 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT....................................................................................... 46 5.5.2 POTENTIAL IMPACTS ............................................................................................... 47 5.5.3 MITIGATION MEASURES ......................................................................................... 47 NOISE............................................................................................................................ 48 5.6.1 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT....................................................................................... 48 5.6.2 POTENTIAL IMPACTS ............................................................................................... 49 5.6.3 MITIGATION MEASURES ......................................................................................... 49 LAND AND SHORELINE USE ............................................................................................ 49 5.7.1 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT....................................................................................... 49 5.7.2 POTENTIAL IMPACTS ............................................................................................... 50 5.7.3 MITIGATION MEASURES ......................................................................................... 51 AESTHETICS AND VISUAL SETTING ................................................................................. 51 5.8.1 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT....................................................................................... 51 5.8.2 POTENTIAL IMPACTS ............................................................................................... 54 5.8.3 MITIGATION MEASURES ......................................................................................... 55 POPULATION, HOUSING, AND EMPLOYMENT ................................................................ 56 5.9.1 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT....................................................................................... 56 5.9.2 POTENTIAL IMPACTS ............................................................................................... 57 5.9.3 MITIGATION MEASURES ......................................................................................... 57 TRANSPORTATION ......................................................................................................... 58 5.10.1 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT....................................................................................... 60 5.10.2 POTENTIAL IMPACTS ............................................................................................... 75 5.10.3 MITIGATION MEASURES ......................................................................................... 76 PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES .................................................................................... 84 5.11.1 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT....................................................................................... 84 5.11.2 POTENTIAL IMPACTS ............................................................................................... 98 5.11.3 MITIGATION MEASURES ........................................................................................ 101 HISTORIC AND CULTURAL RESOURCES ......................................................................... 102 5.12.1 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT..................................................................................... 102 5.12.2 POTENTIAL IMPACTS ............................................................................................. 102 5.12.3 MITIGATION MEASURES ........................................................................................103 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................... 104 Page 171 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page vi December 2022 APPENDICES ............................................................................................................................... 109 LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Alternative 1 Land Use Areas ............................................................................................ 7 Table 2. Alternative 2 Land Use Areas ........................................................................................... 11 Table 3. SEPA Environment Element Review Status ....................................................................... 17 Table 4. Franklin County Soil Associations .................................................................................... 23 Table 5. National Ambient Air Quality Standards for Six Criteria Pollutants ................................... 27 Table 6. Species of Primary Concern for the Broadmoor Area ........................................................ 40 Table 7. Summary of Habitat Type and Area Affected by Development Associated with Alternatives 1 and 2 ......................................................................................................................................... 44 Table 8. Franklin County and City of Pasco Population Projections 2010-2038 ............................... 56 TABLE 9. Summary of the Public Street System in the Vicinity of the Broadmoor Area .................... 61 TABLE 10. Summary of the Intersection in the Broadmoor Area .................................................... 61 TABLE 11. Level of Service Standards ........................................................................................... 63 TABLE 12. Existing Study Intersection Operations (2019 AM & PM Peak Hours) ............................. 64 TABLE 13. prioritized list of roadway locations based on risk factors .............................................. 67 TABLE 14. Transportation characteristics of the adjacent area ....................................................... 67 TABLE 15. FGTS system in Pasco ................................................................................................... 74 Table 16. City of Pasco Emergency Services Master Plan Recommendations ................................. 86 Table 17. City of Pasco Projected Water Treatment System Demands ........................................... 92 Table 18. City of Pasco Water System Capital Improvement Projects ............................................ 99 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Broadmoor Area Vicinity Map .......................................................................................... 2 Figure 2. Broadmoor Plan Boundary ............................................................................................... 5 Figure 3. Alternative 1 Land Use ..................................................................................................... 7 Figure 4. Alternative 2 Land Use ................................................................................................... 10 Figure 5. Broadmoor Area Topography ......................................................................................... 20 Figure 6. Broadmoor Area Generalized Soils Map ......................................................................... 22 Figure 7. City of Pasco Critical Areas Map ..................................................................................... 25 Figure 8. Wetlands IN the Broadmoor Area ................................................................................... 33 Figure 9. Wildlife Habitats and Species Located at the Broadmoor Area ......................................... 39 Figure 10. Panoramic View of Shrub-Steppe Habitat ..................................................................... 52 Figure 11. View of Shrub-Steppe Habitat and Grassland and Adjacent Residence .......................... 52 Figure 12. Panoramic View of American Rock Products Facility ..................................................... 52 Figure 13. Panoramic View of Agricultural Crops at the Broadmoor Area ...................................... 53 Figure 14. View of the Columbia River from the Broadmoor Area ................................................. 53 Figure 15. View of an Orchard Located at the Broadmoor Area ..................................................... 54 Figure 16. View of the on-going Residential Developments ........................................................... 54 Figure 17. Previously approved Low Density develoment ............................................................. 59 Page 172 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page vii December 2022 Figure 18: Employer Household distribution .................................................................................. 65 Figure 19: Reported Collisions ...................................................................................................... 66 Figure 20: Intersection Density ..................................................................................................... 68 Figure 21: Transit System map ...................................................................................................... 69 Figure 22: Transit Facilities in pasco (Routes and Stops)................................................................. 70 Figure 23: Proposed Transit Network of Frequent Services ............................................................. 71 Figure 24: Sidewalk Facilities in Pasco (2021) ................................................................................ 72 Figure 25: Freights and Good Transportation System Map ..............................................................73 Figure 26: Freights activity centers ................................................................................................ 74 Figure 27: Proposed Road Network ............................................................................................... 79 Figure 28: Proposed Enhanced Bike Network ................................................................................ 80 Figure 29. Pasco Fire Department Current Service Area by Response ............................................ 85 Figure 30. Pasco Fire Department Long-Term Strategy – Proposed Stations .................................. 88 Figure 31. City of Pasco Existing Parks and Recreation Map .......................................................... 90 Figure 32. Broadmoor Area Major Water Service Map .................................................................. 93 Figure 33. Broadmoor Area Proposed Sewer Service Map ............................................................ 96 LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix A: Natural Resources Conservation Service Hydric Rating for the Broadmoor Area Appendix B: (Cultural and Historic Resources) A Literature Review of the 1,600-2,000 Acre Area in the Northwest Portion of Pasco for the Broadmoor Area Non-Project Environmental Impact Statement Appendix C: City of Pasco Transportation System Master Plan (TSMP) Page 173 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 1 December 2022 1. INTRODUCTION The City of Pasco has elected to complete a Non-Project Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) using an integrated approach to address future development in the Broadmoor area. This type of approach is approved pursuant to rules governing the preparation of documents under the State Environmental Policy Act (SEPA) as a “Planned Action” under the provisions of the Washington State Administrative Code (WAC) 197-11-164. The preparation of this Non-Project EIS addresses the questions required as part of the SEPA assessment process (WAC 197-11) and the requirements for “Planned Action” as part of WAC 197-11-164. WHAT IS A NON-PROJECT EIS? Use of a Non-Project EIS addresses the potential environmental impacts of land use changes and development at a program, plan, and/or policy level by assessing the impacts in a city- or area-wide context rather than a site-specific analysis. Therefore, information presented in this EIS is generalized for the subject Broadmoor area, rather than addressed in a site-, project-, or property- specific context. The EIS considers alternatives, impacts, and mitigation requirements as determined necessary for the parcels as a combined, aggregated area to address environmental impacts. PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES The purpose of this Non-Project EIS is to provide a framework for the coordinated development of 1,240 acres east of the Columbia River in the area of Broadmoor Boulevard and I-182. The City of Pasco has experienced rapid and continued growth over the past several decades. According to the Office of Financial Management (OFM) estimate, the 2022 population of 80,180 is a 34% increase from the population in 2010. The City’s population will reach 121,828 in 2038. This will be a 52% increase from the City’s 2022 population. The forecast of such growth requires good stewardship of resources, and conducting this EIS facilitates the necessary environmental analysis, mitigation, long- term planning, and the conformance with the regulations to ensure future developments are aligned. The area subject to this EIS (shown in Figures 1 and 2) will be further referred to as the “Broadmoor area.” The Broadmoor area includes land in the City limits and in the Urban Growth Area (UGA). Existing uses include a mix of vacant undeveloped land, small family farms, new housing developments, and a gravel mining operation. Additionally, approximately 58 acres of land is owned by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) in the Columbia River shoreline and is designated as Open Space in the Comprehensive Plan. Current Comprehensive Plan land use designations consist of Medium and High Density Residential, Mixed Use, Commercial, Office and Open Space. Current zoning designations (Residential Transition [RT] and Low Density Residential [R-1]) are designated only for Page 174 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 2 December 2022 the area within the City limits. Zoning designations are broad and do not well define open spaces or transportation corridors, nor assess environmental impacts of development. Future development without an area-wide environmental review would be based on current zoning conditions and would require a project-by-project environmental review. Creation of a framework for the coordinated development of the Broadmoor area as discussed in this EIS would promote a more balanced and sustainable path forward, better accommodating open spaces for parks and recreation, roadways and arterials, and a connected multi-modal transportation network for all users. Furthermore, a coordinated development would redefine and simplify current land use and zoning conditions, enabling a more predictable and streamlined process outcome for future development. Defining the predictability for future development is important to effectively address environmental concerns and to better achieve the visions for Broadmoor area in a comprehensive manner that will also mitigate the environmental impacts. FIGURE 1. BROADMOOR AREA VICINITY MAP Objectives of this EIS review include: • Planning for the future development of the Broadmoor area as outlined in the Broadmoor Master Plan • Fostering economic development and protecting the quality of the Pasco environment Page 175 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 3 December 2022 • Planning for an orderly transition from vacant land to mixed, commercial, and residential uses with a land use planned development of the entire Broadmoor area • Improving mobility options for all users by providing and requiring the necessary roadway and non-motorized connections at existing and planned arterials (e.g. Sandifur Parkway, Burns Road, I-182) with internal connections • Identifying and completing the necessary mitigations to off-set adverse environmental impacts PROCEDURES AND PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT The Non-Project EIS allows environmental review under SEPA to proceed in advance of specific permit applications for subareas, master planned areas, or phased projects. The basic steps in evaluating the alternatives for development at the Broadmoor area are to: • Issue a Determination of Significance (DS) • Issue a scoping notice • Solicit agency and public input on the scope (areas of review) of the EIS • Prepare a Draft EIS • Solicit and address input from the public and agencies • Issue a Final EIS • Review permit applications for new projects to ensure conformance with the Broadmoor Master Plan and within the Broadmoor area In March 2017, the City of Pasco issued a DS and a scoping notice requesting comments on the Broadmoor Area Master Plan. Revision to that scope was made and a revised scoping notice was issued on July 22, 2021. The revised scoping notice was sent to local tribes, adjacent cities and counties, various state and local agencies, and non-profit agencies; notice was also published in a newspaper of record. The revision addresses a changed Broadmoor area boundary from 1,600 acres to 1,240 acres, along with updated land uses. The revised boundary excludes areas south of I-182 and north of Burns Road that were previously within the proposed Broadmoor planning area. For new projects, the intent is to provide necessary environmental analysis during formulation of planning proposals, rather than at the project permit review stage. Because new projects at the Broadmoor area will require consultation with the City of Pasco to be performed as part of the planning proposal or phased to evaluate consistency with this EIS, this will ensure that adequate environmental review has been completed. It also means that further environmental review under SEPA, for each specific development proposal or phase, will not be necessary if it is determined that each proposal or phase is consistent with the Non-Project EIS. Instead of a detailed environmental review, individual development proposals will include a SEPA checklist accurately and sufficiently indicating if the proposal is consistent with and in conformance with the non-project EIS. Page 176 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 4 December 2022 Supplementary analysis may be deemed required if a proposal, as determined by the lead agency does not conform to the non-project EIS. When a proposed development, or a permit for a project within the Broadmoor planning area, is submitted to the City of Pasco, the Department of Community and Economic Development will evaluate the application and the SEPA checklist to determine if it meets the criteria in the Non- Project EIS and “qualifies” as an implementing project. The criteria to determine consistency are: • Was this the type of project anticipated in the EIS and meets the vision of the Broadmoor area? • Does the project meet, address or satisfy the conditions and mitigation requirements specified in the Non-Project EIS? HOW WILL FUTURE ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEWS BE HANDLED? Further environmental review and detailed analysis for locations within the area of this EIS will only be required when it is determined by the Lead Agency that the information provided herein is insufficient, or when significant changes or inconsistencies with what is analyzed in the EIS have occurred that have not been addressed. Additionally, alternatives not considered as part of this EIS would require additional environmental analysis and review. RELATIONSHIP TO PLANS AND POLICIES The City of Pasco is preparing a Master Plan for the Broadmoor area concurrently with this EIS that encompasses approximately 1,240 acres of primarily vacant and open space lands. It is the City of Pasco’s vision that the Broadmoor area become a complete mixed-use, residential community, providing a variety of commercial and housing choices to meet the needs of all residents and their families. Built around community centers, the plan will integrate the built and natural environments in a way that protects the open space yet provides the amenities the community needs such as parks, shops, and schools. The entire development will be constructed to ensure and facilitate access that makes it easy and enjoyable to get around whether by walking, biking, driving, or transit. The goals are to: • Create a community with a mix of complementary developments • Adjust the current land use of the Broadmoor area to accommodate higher density mixed- use commercial and residential developments to accommodate the City's future growth • Provide adequate public facilities and infrastructure for the area to be developed • Re-allocate open space locations based on recent changes in irrigation water management and an area-wide mitigation strategy for shrub-steppe habitat • Provide a reliable transportation system that allows for a variety of mobility options for both motorized and non-motorized users • Provide necessary preservation and mitigation for the natural environment and habitat areas Page 177 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 5 December 2022 2. LOCATION The Broadmoor area is composed of approximately 1,240 acres of property located in the northwest portion of the Pasco City limits and the Pasco UGA. The Broadmoor area includes parcels of land owned by several independent property and business owners. The properties are situated to the north of I-182 directly east of the Columbia River, and west of Broadmoor Boulevard. Figure 2 shows the project vicinity and boundary. FIGURE 2. BROADMOOR PLAN BOUNDARY 3. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES INTRODUCTION The City of Pasco issued the EIS scoping notice in July 22, 2021 to agencies with jurisdiction, tribes, and the general public for the Broadmoor Area Master Plan. Based on the scoping process, the impact analysis is to address the following: • Natural Environment: Impacts to existing wildlife and vegetation (plants and animals), earth, water, air quality, environmental health, energy, and natural resources Page 178 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 6 December 2022 • Built Environment: Land and shoreline uses, population and housing, aesthetics, parks and recreation, historic and cultural preservation, transportation, public services/utilities, and transportation. As stated in the scoping document, the impacts during construction and for the completed project are analyzed. Reasonable mitigation measures that would significantly mitigate any adverse impacts are also identified. The current land use designations are shown on Figure 3. The properties could be developed with a variety of uses according to these land use designations. The potential build-out of the properties will be dependent upon market and economic factors, but it is likely that these properties could be developed to full potential within the next 10 to 20 years. This EIS analyzes two build-out alternatives for potential impacts for a 20-year planning horizon: Alternative 1, a No Action Existing Land Use Alternative, and Alternative 2, Mixed Density and Open Space Alternative. ALTERNATIVE 1 – NO ACTION EXISTING LAND USE Alternative 1 is consistent with the 2018-2038 Comprehensive Plan land use designations. This alternative accommodates a variety of medium to high density residential developments throughout the area with commercial designations along Harris Road and mixed-use and office designations along Broadmoor Boulevard, Sandifur Parkway, and Burns Road. Open space areas would be located along historical irrigation drainage areas, even though this drainage has recently been re-routed to the Columbia River. This alternative will likely result in decreased residential densities in the unincorporated UGA due to County zoning limitations, and previously permitted low density developments in certain portions of the area. Figure 3 indicates the Alternative 1 land uses. Table 1 indicates the distribution of land use acreages in the area. Page 179 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 7 December 2022 FIGURE 3. ALTERNATIVE 1 LAND USE TABLE 1. ALTERNATIVE 1 LAND USE AREAS Land Use Area (Acres) Percent Medium Density Residential 548.5 44% Medium - High Density Residential 201.0 16% Office 66.5 5% Commercial 50.2 4% Mixed-Use Neighborhood 76.2 6% Mixed-Use Regional 139.4 11% Open Space 158.6 13% Total 1240 100% *Land use does not include right-of-way (based on parcel geometry). Page 180 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 8 December 2022 Below is a description of the land use designations and design guidelines for each land use. MEDIUM DENSITY RESIDENTIAL Medium Density Residential land use consists of the major portion of the land use, about 44% (549 acres) of the Broadmoor area. However, about 144 acres of this Medium Density Residential land consists of previously permitted low density residential development. This was approved under a previous low density land use designation. Medium density residential developments are intended to include single-family detached, single-family attached, duplexes, and multifamily residential uses. General standards for development are as follows: • 6-20 dwelling units per acre allowed in the Comprehensive Plan. However, an average density of 8 units per acre is expected based on medium density in the rest of the City. • Property size of 4,000 minimum to 7,100 square foot maximum. • Maximum building height of 35 feet. • Standards are based on the City’s existing R2 and R3 zoning standards. MEDIUM-HIGH DENSITY RESIDENTIAL The Medium-High Density Residential land use consists of 16% (201 acres) of the entire area. Intended uses are single-family residential, townhouses, condominiums, and multifamily. General standards for development are as follows: • 8-15 dwelling units per acre. • Minimum property size of 2,500-4,000 square feet. • Maximum building height of 35-40 feet COMMERCIAL Commercial land use borders Harris Road and I-182. It consists of 50 acres, and is intended for retail, wholesale, service, and ancillary office uses, civic, and community uses. Allowed uses include neighborhood, community and regional shopping and specialty centers, business parks, service, and office uses. General standards for development are as follows: • Developments have no maximum lot size requirements. Development standards are dictated by the City’s C1 zoning code for Retail Business district. • Maximum building height allowed is 35 feet with some exceptions for greater height limits. • In C1 zoning, lot coverage is dictated by parking requirements, setbacks, and landscaping. MIXED-USE REGIONAL Mixed-Use Regional consists of approximately 140 acres along Broadmoor Boulevard. This is intended for general retail operations and shops, grocery stores, residential above Page 181 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 9 December 2022 commercial/office, high density residential, etc. This mixed-use area is intended to have at least 11% of the development. General standards for development are as follows: • Residential uses should make up a minimum of 10% of the development. • Retail commercial use should compose no more than 50% of the development area. MIXED-USE NEIGHBORHOOD The Mixed-Use Neighborhood land use is located along the Columbia River, east of the USACE- owned open space land. This land use is designated for townhouses, multifamily developments, neighborhood grocers/markets and drug stores, vertically integrated buildings, live-work spaces, and other neighborhood scale offices and retail uses. In this district, a mix of use should consist of at least 40% residential development at densities ranging from 6 to 12 units per acre. No specific standards currently exist. C-1 zoning would implement mixed use with upper floor residential. OFFICE The Office land use district is located between the Open Space and Mixed-Use Regional district, consisting of approximately 67 acres of land. Uses allowed in this district include professional office, personal services, offices and technology resource centers, and daycares. Ancillary commercial uses may be considered (particularly within research and development centers or technological government). The City’s Office district zoning standards would be implemented in this land use: • Maximum building height allowed is 35 feet with some exceptions for greater height limits. • In Office zoning, lot coverage is dictated by parking requirements, setbacks, and landscaping. OPEN SPACE The intent of the Open Space land use is to designate areas for recreational and environmental protection purposes. Allowed land uses include parks, trails, critical areas, and various open spaces. Parks and recreational uses are developed according to standards in the Parks and Recreation Plan. Protection of critical areas is governed by the City’s critical areas regulations. ALTERNATIVE 2 – MIXED DENSITY AND OPEN SPACE Alternative 2 will include simplified land-use alternatives derived from Alternative 1 to accommodate a denser retail, commercial, and residential development, often in a mixed-use setting. Alternative 2 will allocate open space locations based on recent changes in irrigation water management and an area-wide mitigation strategy for shrub-steppe habitat. This alternative will update the location of residential areas to accommodate increased development capacities due to the loss of densities because of previously permitted low density developments. Alternative 2 will Page 182 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 10 December 2022 maximize the growth and density potential of the area by planning for several development cluster areas connected by open space, public transportation, and a connected street pattern. This alternative is designed to achieve the objectives of the Broadmoor area. Figure 4 indicates Alternative 2 land uses. FIGURE 4. ALTERNATIVE 2 LAND USE Alternative 2 allocates land use areas with a mix of low, medium, medium-high, and high density residential developments while accommodating and incorporating the previously permitted low- density developments. This alternative will accommodate retail, commercial, and residential development and accommodate future open spaces based on various ecological functions and future potential. It will also accommodate open space for parks and recreation, roadways and arterials, a well- connected transportation network for both motorized and non-motorized users that differs from Page 183 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 11 December 2022 the configuration identified in the No Action Alternative. The associated environmental impacts would also be different along with associated mitigation measures. A public transportation system, and a bicycle and pedestrian trail system will be utilized to connect the residential and commercial districts within the area and the region. The design guidelines will create a balance of residential and commercial uses that will promote sustainable living and working conditions that provides easy access to amenities from living areas. The Broadmoor Area Master Plan includes detailed development standards for Alternative 2. Table 2 indicates land use distribution in Alternative 2. TABLE 2. ALTERNATIVE 2 LAND USE AREAS Land Use Area (Acres) Percent Low Density Residential 144 12% Medium Density Residential 374 30% Commercial 104 8% Mixed Residential / Commercial 370 30% Open Space 61 5% Reclamation 187 15% Total 1240 100% *Land use does not include right-of-way (based on parcel geometry). Below is the description of each land use and locations, with references to Alternative 1 land use descriptions as applicable. LOW DENSITY RESIDENTIAL The intent of this land use is to allow single-family detached residential homes. Within the Broadmoor area, low density land use was previously permitted and is located south of Burns Road. Developments are guided by the City’s R-1 zoning standards at the time of development (2017- 2018). MEDIUM DENSITY RESIDENTIAL This use would be similar to that described under Alternative 1 Medium Density Residential. Land use is intended to include single-family detached, single-family attached, duplexes, and multifamily residential uses. However, the minimum density would be higher in Alternative 2 than Alternative 1, at 6 to 29 dwelling units per acre. Lot sizes in this land use range between 1,500 and 6,000 square feet. This land use is located south of Burns Road, and north and south of Harris Road. COMMERCIAL Commercial use is located along Broadmoor Boulevard at the northwest side of the I-182 and Broadmoor Boulevard intersection, covering 104 acres of land. This would allow neighborhood, Page 184 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 12 December 2022 community and regional shopping and specialty centers, business parks, service, and office uses. Commercial land use will implement the City’s C-1 zoning regulations and additional standards in the Broadmoor Area Master Plan. MIXED RESIDENTIAL / COMMERCIAL The Mixed Residential/Commercial designation is located along significant or identified transportation corridors and neighborhood centers in the Broadmoor area. Mixed-use districts are intended to create a sense of community by increasing the interaction among different types of uses, such as residential, commercial, and office and promoting pedestrian-friendly environments within neighborhoods. In this district, the mix of residential and commercial should be as follows: • At least 20% residential development at a minimum density of 21 units per acre for the residential portion of the entire mixed use site, • Maximum share of a single use, residential or commercial, in the mixed-use area shall be 80%. • Mix of uses can be on a site or multiple sites in multiple buildings (horizontal), or in an individual building (vertical), or a combination of both. OPEN SPACE Open Space consists of 61 acres of land located along the Columbia River shoreline and Shoreline Road. Similar to Alternative 1, the intent of this land use is to designate and reserve areas for recreational and environmental protection purposes. Allowed land uses include parks, trails, critical areas, and various open spaces. Parks and recreational uses are developed according to standards in the Parks and Recreation Plan. Protection of critical areas is governed by the City’s critical areas regulations. RECLAMATION Reclamation area consists of 187 acres currently used for gravel mining in the area north of Harris Road. Continued and or future reclamation of this area will add private and public recreational uses. A reclamation plan and future studies shall be required to designate appropriate uses in this area. COMPARISON OF ALTERNATIVES As stated previously, the Comprehensive Plan encourages coordinated improvements. However, Alternative 1 does not consider the developments that have already taken place, thus reducing the growth target. Alternative 2 will decrease and address the expected gap between existing and projected developments by reallocating additional density in the rest of the areas. Page 185 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 13 December 2022 Alternative 1 does not consider the development challenges on the gravel mining site. The gravel mining and a future reclamation plan would most likely prevent the area from being developed with medium density as shown in this alternative. Alternative 2 designates this area as Reclamation and re-allocates future growth in the rest of the planning area. A fully developed and well-connected transportation network that supports multi-modal travel for all users, along with the necessary development standards and design guidelines are core elements of both alternatives. Alternative 2 will allow more flexibility and mixed uses along the identified and significant transportation corridors, while Alternative 1 will concentrate mixed uses along the east and west sides of the Broadmoor planning area. Alternative 1 will be implemented through the City’s existing zoning codes. The Master Plan development regulations will provide additional implementation tools for Alternative 2. Page 186 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 14 December 2022 4. MAJOR ISSUES AND SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS NATURAL ENVIRONMENT 4.1.1 EROSION AND STORMWATER Runoff from precipitation events and construction could result in erosion and runoff into drainage areas and surface water bodies. Treatment and infiltration of stormwater generated in the Broadmoor area will be managed in compliance with the latest Eastern Washington Stormwater Manual (Ecology 2019) and Pasco Municipal Code (PMC), and will minimize potential impacts to water quality and aquifer recharge. Implementation of appropriate mitigation measures (complying with the existing regulations) and Best Management Practices (BMPs) should result in no significant unavoidable adverse stormwater or erosion impacts associated with either of the alternatives. 4.1.2 GROUNDWATER Groundwater at the Broadmoor area and in Franklin County is part of the Columbia River Plateau regional aquifer system. The Columbia River Plateau regional aquifer system, made up of four aquifers (i.e., the suprabasalt sediment or overburden aquifer, Saddle Mountain aquifer, Wanapum aquifer, and Grande Ronde aquifer), encompasses approximately 50,600 square miles, extending from northern Idaho to northeastern Oregon and southeastern Washington (USGS, 2015). The aquifer recharge area in Pasco covers the entire city. Aquifer recharge is an essential part of the natural hydrologic cycle and is necessary to maintain water levels in regional aquifers. Land development activities, such as clearing, grading, and stormwater management, may affect the natural hydrologic cycle and subsequently groundwater recharge. Implementing BMPs and spill and release prevention measures and maintaining adequate open space for infiltration should result in no significant and unavoidable adverse groundwater impacts. 4.1.3 WILDLIFE AND HABITATS At the Broadmoor area, there are State Candidate Species including the black-tailed jackrabbit, sagebrush sparrow, and sagebrush lizard (WDFW 2018b). Burrowing owl, also a State Candidate Species, has been documented in the vicinity of the Broadmoor area (WDFW 2018a). The shrub- steppe habitat, which currently encompasses a large portion of the Broadmoor area, is classified as a Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFW) priority habitat. Development associated with both alternatives may result in unavoidable adverse effects to some of these species of concern and will directly affect the shrub-steppe habitat, requiring mitigation in accordance with applicable local, state, and federal laws and regulations. Where and when possible, any adverse impacts should be avoided or minimized. Additional care should be taken to prevent disturbance of migratory birds and birds of prey as outlined in Section 5.4. Furthermore, BMPs should be Page 187 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 15 December 2022 implemented to prevent runoff from construction and development from entering surface water bodies and degrading water quality and habitat. BUILT ENVIRONMENT 4.2.1 AESTHETICS AND VISUAL SETTING 4.2.1.1 ALTERNATIVE 1 Development associated with Alternatives 1 and 2 will substantially alter the current aesthetic and visual character of the area. The visual character of the existing landscape is primarily open space including critical shrub-steppe habitat, farmland and orchards, with rural and low density residential development. Additionally, future roadways, residential construction, commercial and public development will result in changes in topography and slopes in the area in both alternatives. Open spaces include farmlands and undeveloped shrub-steppe habitat, and artificial wetlands from prior irrigation management facilities and mining operations that have intercepted shallow groundwater. These will be changed under both alternatives to a combination of mixed-use development including low, medium, and medium-high density residential, office, and commercial land use with intermittent open, green, and other public spaces. Under the Alternative 1, the properties will likely be developed over time without adequate public facilities, and thus the visual impact to the landscape can be piecemeal. Developments will mostly focus on the easterly and westerly edges of the area. Since development in the gravel operation site is not expected within the immediate planning timeframe, this mining site, the designated open space north of it, and the already permitted low density residential will create a physical and visual feel of undeveloped and/or low intensity development, some of which can be without connectivity and circulation. 4.2.1.2 ALTERNATIVE 2 In Alternative 2, developments are expected to be clustered around three major neighborhood and economic activity centers (Sandifur Parkway and Broadmoor Boulevard, Sandifur Parkway and Road 108, and Sandifur Parkway near the USACE open space), and within the mixed-use corridors and districts. The medium density residential and mixed-use districts will be developed with a pedestrian-friendly development pattern. All developments will be in compliance with the design and development regulations of the Broadmoor Area Master Plan. Mixed-use developments will transition to various small-lot attached, detached, and multifamily homes, creating a visual and physical transition between districts and corridors. 4.2.2 TRAFFIC The City is developing a citywide Transportation System Master Plan (TSMP) that analyzes and determines recommendations for transportation improvements based on future growth. This Page 188 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 16 December 2022 includes the Broadmoor area. The traffic analysis considered the highest traffic potential of the build-out scenarios and assessed the traffic characteristics and potential impacts for a development activity. The overall development is proposed to be constructed over a 10- to 20-year period. The TSMP reviewed the projected long-term traffic conditions to ensure that development and proposed access system are consistent with the general long-term vision and needs of the area. The descriptions of existing and proposed roadways, intersections, and transportation system are provided in Section 5.10. Under current conditions, the Level of Service (LOS) standards for the six study intersections assessed as part of the traffic study meet the City of Pasco and Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) LOS standard of “D,” except for Harris Road/Broadmoor Boulevard during AM and PM peak hours. Additionally, a majority of the traffic volume and distribution is concentrated toward the southern portion of the Broadmoor area near I- 182. Further mitigation measures specific to Alternative 1 and Alternative 2 are described in detail in Section 5.10. Page 189 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 17 December 2022 5. AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT, POTENTIAL IMPACTS, AND MITIGATION MEASURES This section considers the affected environment for the SEPA elements as indicated, evaluates potential environmental impacts, and recommends mitigation measures relative to each presented alternative. Recommended mitigation measures identify ways to reduce or eliminate potential impacts associated with each alternative. Table 3 outlines the elements of the environment contained in WAC 197-11-444 which defines the elements to be considered as part of the SEPA process. As noted in the WAC, focus should be given to significant issues; thus, non-significant issues were not reviewed or were considered as part of other elements. New development will primarily visually impact the existing undeveloped areas and agricultural lands at the site. Under Alternative 1 and Alternative 2, the landscape will be transformed to a variety of land uses as described previously. TABLE 3. SEPA ENVIRONMENT ELEMENT REVIEW STATUS ENVIRONMENTAL ELEMENT STATUS NATURAL ENVIRONMENT Earth Geology Reviewed Soils Reviewed Topography Reviewed Mineral Resources Reviewed Erosion/Enlargement of Land Area (Accretion) Reviewed* Seismology Reviewed Air Air Quality Reviewed Odor Not Reviewed Climate Reviewed Water Surface Water [Movement/Quality/Quantity] Reviewed** Groundwater [Movement/Quality/Quantity) Reviewed** Runoff/Absorption (Stormwater) Reviewed Floods Reviewed Public and Private Water Systems Reviewed Page 190 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 18 December 2022 ENVIRONMENTAL ELEMENT STATUS Wildlife and Habitat Habitats and Population/Diversity of Species Reviewed Unique Species Reviewed Fish and Wildlife Migration Routes Not Reviewed Energy and Natural Resources Amount Required/Rate of Use/Efficiency Not Reviewed Source/Availability Not Reviewed Nonrenewable Resources Not Reviewed Conservation and Renewable Resources Not Reviewed Scenic Resources Not Reviewed BUILT ENVIRONMENT Environmental Health Noise Reviewed Risk of Explosion Not Reviewed Releases or Potential Release to the Environment Reviewed Land and Shoreline Use Relationship to Land Use Plans Reviewed Population Reviewed Housing Reviewed Light and Glare Reviewed Aesthetics Reviewed Historic and Cultural Resources Reviewed Agricultural Crops Not Reviewed Transportation Transportation Systems Reviewed Vehicular Traffic Reviewed Waterborne, Rail, and Air Traffic Reviewed Parking Reviewed Movement/Circulation of People Reviewed Traffic Hazards Reviewed Public Services and Utilities Fire Reviewed Police Reviewed Schools Reviewed Parks and Other Recreational Facilities Reviewed Maintenance Reviewed Communications Reviewed Page 191 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 19 December 2022 ENVIRONMENTAL ELEMENT STATUS Water/ Stormwater Reviewed Sewer/Solid Waste Reviewed Other Governmental Services and Utilities Reviewed * Enlargement of Land Area (Accretion) was not reviewed because it was determined to be non-significant pursuant to this Non-Project EIS. **Quality and Quantity of Surface Water and Groundwater was reviewed. However, movement of surface water and groundwater was not reviewed because it was determined to be non-significant pursuant to this Non-Project EIS. (Source: WAC 197-11-144) EARTH This section describes the existing conditions relative to the topography, geology, seismology, soils, and erosion and geologic hazards at the Broadmoor area. This section includes a description of conditions generalized for Franklin County and also Broadmoor area-specific conditions to represent the environmental baseline from which potential environmental effects are identified and characterized. 5.1.1 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT The Broadmoor area is in the north-western part of Pasco adjacent to the Columbia River. Pasco is located in southern Franklin County in the central part of southeastern Washington, which is bordered by Benton, Grant, Adams, Whitman, and Walla Walla Counties. The Columbia River lies on its southern and western border and separates Franklin from Benton County. The Snake River and its tributary lie on its southern and eastern border of the City and separate the City from Walla Walla County. Franklin County is a semi-arid region that receives approximately 6 to 7 inches of rain per year and averages approximately 10.3 days of snow and 7.5 days of rain per year. Median temperatures range from 30.6 to 75.7 degrees Fahrenheit throughout the year. Wind gusts throughout the region can reach as high as 70 miles per hour or higher. 5.1.1.1 TOPOGRAPHY Franklin County is part of the Columbia Basin Project, which includes the entire south-central area of Washington State. It is defined as a broad arid lowland that is located between the Okanogan Highlands, the southern Cascade Range, and the Idaho Rockies. It extends through parts of eastern Oregon and northern Nevada. This area consists of steep river canyons, plateaus, and tall and meandering ridges. It is covered with wind-blown sediment called “loess” and deposits from the catastrophic drainage of Glacial Lake Missoula that swept across much of eastern Washington at the end of the last ice age. These deposits are underlain by thousands of feet of Columbia River Basalt Group lava flows. These flows and most of the sediment above have been altered by deformation by the regional Yakima fold and Page 192 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 20 December 2022 thrust belt. Other features of this country include cliffs, canyons, and dunes such as the Palouse and Devils Canyons, and the Juniper Dunes. The County lies at the south end of the Channeled Scablands which are interconnected, relatively barren, and soil free dry flood channels and coulees. The topological features at the Broadmoor area includes dunes, gradually sloping or flat agricultural areas and residential development, man-made below-water table depressions at the American Rock Products (ARP) facility, and sloped hillsides. Figure 5 illustrates the topography at the Broadmoor area relative to the ARP facility boundary. FIGURE 5. BROADMOOR AREA TOPOGRAPHY 5.1.1.2 GEOLOGY The geology of Franklin County was formed by alternating volcanism and flooding. The Columbia River Flood Basalts are located in Idaho, Washington, and Oregon and cover an area of approximately 164,000 square kilometers from the Cascade Mountain Range to the Rocky Mountains (“Columbia River Flood Basalts,” 2015). The Columbia River Flood Basalts are composed of more than 300 different flood events. The geological history of the Columbia River Flood Basalts consists of the following formations: • The Imnaha Basalt Formation, which is approximately 17.5 to 16.5 million years old, is located in northeastern Oregon, western Idaho, and southeastern Washington. The Imnaha Page 193 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 21 December 2022 Basalt Formation makes up approximately 5% of the total volume of the Columbia River basalts. • The Grande Ronde Basalt Formation, which is primarily found at the eastern border of the county, is approximately 16.5 to 14.5 million years old. Few sedimentary interbeds are found, indicating relatively short periods between eruptions. • The Wanapum Basalt Formation, which is primarily found in the northeast and along the Snake River, is approximately 14.5 to 13.5 million years old. Sedimentary interbeds were created within and between formations due to the erosion of the surrounding older rock material. • The Saddle Mountains Basalt Formation, found primarily in the Mesa area extending southeast and northwest, is approximately 13.5 to 6 million years old (Oregon State University, 2018). Continued deposition of flood basalts occurred during the Miocene era and, combined with rising and volcanic activities in the formation of the Cascade Range, formed interbedding sediments within the Columbia River Basalts that are called the Ellensburg Formation. During the Pleistocene era (~0.01 to 2.6 million years ago), deposition of sedimentary material such as fluvial and lacustrine deposits of silts, sand, and gravel continued in this region. The late Pleistocene Epoch consisted of multiple glacial outwash and flood deposits created from the catastrophic drainage of Glacial Lake Missoula as the ice dams holding the water back broke up and flowed through eastern Washington and northern Idaho. As the flood waters outpoured, they were directed along folds and joints in the bedrock, creating the Channeled Scablands, and scoured the land converging in the area of Wallula Gap where the waters created a large lake. This event is referred to as the Missoula Floods. This flooding deposited thick layers of sands and gravels in wide, flat areas including the Pasco Basin (Lyerla, 1991; Anchor QEA, 2015). Most recently, sediment transported and deposited by wind has created active sand dunes and loess in the western half of the county. These deposits reside on high-relief areas that were not affected by the flooding. Currently, post-glacial fluvial deposits of sands and gravels make up most of the composition of major stream valleys. Additionally, flooding during the Miocene-Pliocene Epochs of fluvial and lacustrine sedimentary rock created the Ringold Formation, which is exposed on the white bluffs near the Columbia River. During the Eocene Epoch, pre-flood intrusive crystalline rocks were present in the northern portion of Franklin County (Grolier and Bingham, 1978; Anchor QEA, 2015). 5.1.1.3 SOILS Identification of soils is crucial in deciding applicable use of land and costs that are associated with development. Franklin County soils have been studied and mapped by the Soil Conservation Service, and a soil survey was published in 1914 and updated in 2005 (NRCS, 2006). Soils in the Broadmoor area were further delineated and classified as part of a United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Natural Resources Conservation Service Soil Survey for Franklin County (NRCS, Page 194 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 22 December 2022 2006). A study area-focused soil map is shown in Figure 6. Based on site reconnaissance efforts and information provided in Figure 6, the soil types at the Broadmoor area can be best characterized as Sagehill-Quincy-Neppel and Quincy-Hezel-Burbank, described in Table 4. Source: USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service FIGURE 6. BROADMOOR AREA GENERALIZED SOILS MAP Page 195 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 23 December 2022 TABLE 4. FRANKLIN COUNTY SOIL ASSOCIATIONS Soil Classifications Description Quincy-Hezel-Burbank Loamy fine sand to gravelly sand. Soils are very deep, somewhat to excessively drained soils formed in sands on dunes, terraces, basaltic glacial outwash or alluvium, and glaciofluvial sediments. As stated in the Franklin County Growth Management Comprehensive Plan Resolution Number 2008- 089: “Permeability ranges from 6 to 20 in/hr. and available water capacity ranges from 0.06 to 0.21 in/in. Soils have an effective rooting depth of greater than 60 inches. This soil association has a Class 7 USDA Soil Conservation Service Land Capability Classification.” Sagehill-Quincy-Neppel Very fine sandy loam to gravelly sandy loam formed in lacustrine deposits, sands on dunes, terraces, alluvium or glacial outwash from basalt lime-silica cemented material and granite. Soils are deep to very deep, well drained to excessively drained, on nearly level to steep terraces and active dunes. As stated in the Franklin County Growth Management Comprehensive Plan Resolution Number 2008-089: “Permeability ranges from 0.6 to 20 in/hr. and available water capacity ranges from .06 to 0.2 in/in. Soils have an effective rooting depth of greater than 60 inches. This soil association has a Class 6 USDA Soil Conservation Service Land Capability Classification.” Notes: The USDA Soil Conservation Service Land Capability describes the classification of soil types as follows: Class 1: Agricultural soils of long-term commercial importance. These soils have slight limitations that restrict their use. Class 2: Agricultural lands of long-term commercial importance that have moderate limitations that restrict the choice of plants or that require moderate conservation practices. Class 3: Agricultural lands of long-term commercial importance. These soils have severe limitations that restrict the choice of plants or that require special conservation practices, or both. Class 4: Soils have very severe limitations that restrict the choice of plants or that require very careful management, or both. Class 5: Soils are subject to little or no erosion but have other limitations, impractical to remove, that restrict their use mainly to pasture, rangeland, forestland, or wildlife habitat. Class 6: Soils have severe limitations that make them generally unsuitable for cultivation that restrict their use mainly to pasture, rangeland, forestland, or wildlife habitat. Class 7: Soils have very severe limitations that make them unsuitable for cultivation that restrict their use mainly to grazing, forestland, or wildlife habitat. Class 8: Soils and miscellaneous areas have limitations that preclude commercial plant production that restrict their use to recreational purposes, wildlife habitat, watershed, or esthetic purposes. (Sources: Franklin County Growth Management Comprehensive Plan, 2008; Franklin County Economic Development Plan, 2016; NRCS Soil Survey of Franklin County, Washington; USDA Official Soil Series Descriptions) Page 196 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 24 December 2022 5.1.1.4 MINERAL RESOURCES Sand and gravel mining operations exist in the central south portion of the Broadmoor area at the ARP site. Mining operations have been in place for the past several decades and are expected to continue for the next several years. The area is addressed through a Washington State Department of Natural Resources-approved reclamation plan. The plan identifies final grading slopes and elevations to be achieved. Standing water from intercepted groundwater is expected to remain in several locations. Soil conditions in this area are described previously. 5.1.1.5 EROSION AND GEOLOGIC HAZARDS Geologic hazards are areas that are prone to erosion, sliding, earthquake, or other geologic events. These areas are not suitable for commercial, residential, or industrial development because of health and safety concerns. Landslide hazard areas (steep slope) and liquefaction areas are the main geologic hazards found in the Broadmoor area. Figure 7 depicts geologic hazard areas. 5.1.1.6 SEISMOLOGY Seismic activity in Franklin County is low to moderate. The Broadmoor area shows a very low to low liquefaction susceptibility (Appendix B; Palmer et al., 2004a). Liquefaction occurs when soil strength and structure degrade quickly and act as quicksand as the result of earthquakes or strong vibrational occurrences. Liquefaction typically occurs in saturated loose sandy soils, usually in low- lying areas along coastal and lake shorelines and river valleys. The Broadmoor area has mainly a Site Class of B, which is defined a soft rock physical characteristics where earthquake shaking is neither amplified nor reduced by the near-surface geology, and as Site Classes C, D, and E, which are defined as increasing softer soil physical characteristics that result in a progressively increasing amplification of ground shaking (Palmer et al., 2004b). Limited areas along the shoreline show a Site Class E however, this area is outside of the Broadmoor area and is under management as a USACE Habitat Management Unit (HUM) and the City Shoreline Master Program. Figure 7 depicts the shoreline area of the HMU that is susceptible to liquefaction (Class E) shown in red. Page 197 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 25 December 2022 FIGURE 7. CITY OF PASCO CRITICAL AREAS MAP 5.1.2 POTENTIAL IMPACTS Implementation of Alternatives 1 and 2 will result in urban development that will disturb land cover and soils and transform current land use. Thus, the potential for erosion or landslides may exist in the steeper-sloped areas due to earthquakes, high wind events, periods of heavy rain or snow, or during construction. Because of the low precipitation in this area, erosion from runoff after construction in most cases is an intermittent concern. In the event of heavy rain events, runoff may result in erosion of surface soils and surface water siltation if mitigation measures are not appropriately implemented. Additionally, during construction, areas should be watered to mitigate windblown sediment because the loess soils are extremely fine and may cause areas of low visibility and wind-driven erosion. Assuming appropriate mitigation measures (complying with the existing regulations) are implemented and maintained, there are no significant unavoidable adverse earth- related impacts associated with either of the alternatives. 5.1.3 MITIGATION MEASURES The following mitigation measures and BMPs should be used to reduce erosion, siltation, and landslides: • Areas that are disturbed during construction should be watered in accordance with local air quality agency requirements. • Steep slopes shall not be disturbed, if possible, except as part of a mining mitigation plan. Page 198 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 26 December 2022 • Soils should be compacted at densities appropriate for planned land uses. • Vegetative cover or soil cement should be provided on exposed surfaces. • Construction should be staged so that the maximum amount of existing vegetation is left in place. • If possible, a vegetation buffer should be left around the site perimeter to stop the transportation of sediment off site. • Catch basins should be installed near storm drains. AIR QUALITY 5.2.1 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT This section describes the existing conditions relative to the air quality for the Broadmoor area. This section includes a generalized and area-specific description of air quality and applicable air quality standards to represent the environmental baseline from which potential adverse environmental impacts are identified and measured. 5.2.1.1 AIR QUALITY STANDARDS AND EXISTING AIR QUALITY The Clean Air Act (CAA) of 1970, as amended in 1990, identifies air quality standards for several air quality pollutants. These pollutants are identified as “criteria” air pollutants (CAPs) and as such are regulated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The CAPs are common pollutants for which the EPA has established a concentration threshold to protect human health based on medical evidence of impacts associated with such pollutants. The National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) (40 Code of Federal Regulations [CFR] Part 50) define levels of air quality to protect human health and public welfare from impacts associated with air quality pollutants that affect visibility, soiling, nuisance, or other forms of damage to the natural and built environment. In the State of Washington, some of the NAAQS have been codified in WAC Title 173 Chapter 476, Ambient Air Quality Standards. The federal NAAQS which designate air quality standards for six “criteria” air pollutants are presented in Table 5. As shown in Table 5, primary and secondary air quality standards protect human health and public welfare, respectively. Page 199 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 27 December 2022 TABLE 5. NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS FOR SIX CRITERIA POLLUTANTS Air Pollutants Average Time Primary Secondary Violation Criteria ppm μg/m3 ppm μg/m3 Carbon Monoxide 8 hours 9 - - - Not to be exceeded more than once per year 1 hour 35 - - - Lead (Pb) Rolling 3- month average - 0.15(1) - 0.15(1) Not to be exceeded Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) 1 hour 0.100 - - - 98th percentile of 1-hour daily maximum concentrations, averaged over 3 years 1 year 0.053(2) - 0.053(2) - Annual mean Ozone (O3) 8 hours 0.070(3) - 0.070(3) - Annual fourth highest daily maximum 8-hour concentration, averaged over 3 years PM2.5 1 year - 12.0 - 15.0 Annual mean averaged over 3 years 24 hours - 35 - 35 Annual mean averaged over 3 years PM10 24 hours - 150 - 150 Not to be exceeded more than once per year on average over 3 years Sulfur Dioxide 1 hour 0.075(4) - - - 99th percentile of 1-hour daily maximum concentrations, averaged over 3 years 3 hours - - 0.5 - Not to be exceeded more than once per year PM = Particulate Matter ppm = parts per million μg/m3 = micrograms per cubic meter (1) In areas designated nonattainment for the Pb standards prior to the promulgation of the current (2008) standards, and for which implementation plans to attain or maintain the current (2008) standards have not been submitted and approved, the previous standards (1.5 µg/m3 as a calendar quarter average) also remain in effect. (2) The level of the annual NO2 standard is 0.053 ppm. It is shown here in terms of ppm for the purposes of clearer comparison to the 1-hour standard level. (3) Final rule signed October 1, 2015, and effective December 28, 2015. The previous (2008) O3 standards additionally remain in effect in some areas. Revocation of the previous (2008) O3 standards and transitioning to the current (2015) standards will be addressed in the implementation rule for the current standards. (4) The previous SO2 standards (0.14 ppm 24-hour and 0.03 ppm annual) will additionally remain in effect in certain areas: (1) any area for which it is not yet 1 year since the effective date of designation under the current (2010) standards, and (2) any area for which an implementation plan providing for attainment of the current (2010) standard has not been submitted and approved and which is designated nonattainment under the previous SO2 standards or is not meeting the requirements of a State Implementation Plan call under the previous SO2 standards (40 CFR 50.4). A SIP call is an EPA action requiring a state to resubmit all or part of its State Implementation Plan to demonstrate attainment of the required NAAQS. (Source: EPA, 2018) Page 200 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 28 December 2022 Depending on the meteorological conditions, geographic areas are designated as achieving attainment, non-attainment, or maintenance based on concurrence with established NAAQS for CAPs. Non-attainment areas within states, municipalities, air basins, and counties are required to develop a State Implementation Plan (SIP) which outlines plans and procedures for NAAQS compliance to be achieved over a SIP specified timeframe. Responsibility for enforcement and regulation of air quality compliance is primarily left to state governments, in this case the Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology). Washington State has established a comprehensive SIP. The requirements for the State of Washington SIP are detailed as part of 40 CFR Part 52, Subpart WW. This SIP is a compilation of plans, programs, and implementation of local, state, and federal air quality regulations. Franklin County, where the Broadmoor area is located, as well as all of the State of Washington, currently meet NAAQS. However, ground level ozone has been identified as a concern in the Tri-Cities area encompassing Kennewick, Pasco, and Richland. Thus, the Tri-Cities area is currently identified as a higher risk area for potentially exceeding NAAQS for ozone, and thus is being closely monitored for compliance. Ecology and the Benton Clean Air Agency have partnered to identify and implement reduction measures and raise public awareness. In 2016, Ecology partnered with Washington State University and the Benton Clean Air Agency to conduct the Tri-Cities Ozone Precursor Study (Washington State University, 2017). This study was performed to assess the precursors of ozone, including nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Precursor measurements were taken at multiple locations using a mobile station and two fixed sites located in the Tri-Cities area. The study found the primary ozone production area localized at the immediate urban area of the Tri-Cities and that ozone precursors were primarily attributed to traffic emissions and various VOC sources with other large point or area sources also contributing to ozone formation. While ozone precursor concentrations tended to be lower compared to large urban areas, the airshed conditions result in efficient ozone production, specifically on hot days with calms winds producing stagnant conditions and limited urban emission dispersion. Thus, ozone continues to be monitored in the Tri-Cities areas for compliance with NAAQS. Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs) are also pollutants of concern and are designated by EPA based on associated human health risks. Sources of HAPs include motor vehicle exhaust, industrial processes, commercial operations such as fueling stations and dry cleaners, and cigarette smoke. Motor vehicles contribute to the emission of multiple HAPs. Diesel exhaust emissions contribute to major emissions of particulate matter, benzene, formaldehyde, 1,3-butadiene, and acetaldehyde. HAPs are also linked to short-term (acute) and long-term (chronic and carcinogenic) human health effects. Exposure to HAPs is known to cause major health effects including cancer, birth defects, and neurological damage. Risks associated with HAPs are especially concerning for at-risk populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with existing health conditions. Current Page 201 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 29 December 2022 residential, agricultural, and industrial development contribute to the emission of HAPs at the Broadmoor area. Specifically, the concrete operations at the ARP complex contribute to emissions of particulate matter from dust generated as part of industrial operations and as the result of wind- blown dust. 5.2.1.2 GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE Global climate change is defined as the long-term change of the Earth’s climate resultant from the summation of anthropogenic sources and natural processes. Global climate change is primarily attributed to the greenhouse effect, which can be described as the heating of the Earth’s surface by solar radiation such that certain atmospheric gases (greenhouse gases [GHGs]) prevent heat from escaping the atmosphere. The GHG emissions that primarily contribute to the greenhouse effect include water vapor, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). The primary sources of GHG emissions in the Broadmoor area include vehicles, trucks, airplanes, boats, and electrical and natural gas energy usage; additional GHG emission sources are present in the Franklin County region. To address the potential impacts associated with global climate change, federal and state guidance, initiatives, and regulatory actions have been proposed, developed, and/or implemented. In 1997, the Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ) drafted a memorandum address the potential impacts associated with global climate change under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) (CEQ, 1997a). Additionally, the CEQ released informal guidance for considering cumulative effects such as climate change under NEPA, including the development of EISs (CEQ, 1997b). Additionally, in February 2010, the CEQ released an additional memorandum, Draft NEPA Guidance on Consideration of the Effects of Climate Change and Greenhouse Gas Emissions, providing guidance on how project-related GHG emissions should be analyzed in NEPA documentation. The CEQ guidance was then revised in December 2014, Revised Draft Guidance for Federal Departments and Agencies Consideration of the Effects of Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Climate Change in NEPA reviews, to expand the applicability of draft guidance to land and resource management activities. Furthermore, this guidance was withdrawn in March 2017 pursuant to Executive Order 13783, Promoting Energy Independence and Economic Growth. However, the withdrawal of this guidance does not affect applicable regulations, laws, or other legal requirements. For the State of Washington, Executive Order (EO) 07-02 and 09-05, signed by the governor, have established goals and direction to Ecology for addressing climate change. EO 07-0, The Washington Climate Change Challenge, establishes goals for reducing greenhouse emissions and fuels spending and directs the state to assess potential climate change impacts to agriculture and forestry, public health and water supply, and coastal areas. EO 09-05, Washington’s Leadership on Climate Change, provides direction to Ecology for working cooperatively and teaming with commercial business and industry and other government agencies to define and develop goals, programs, and resources Page 202 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 30 December 2022 aimed at reducing GHG and carbon emissions. Furthermore, the State of Washington codified a House Bill (HB), HB 2815, in the Revised Code of Washington (RCW), RCW 70.235, which establishes long-term reductions in GHG emissions. 5.2.2 POTENTIAL IMPACTS No significant avoidable adverse impacts to the air are expected to result from the Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS. Construction of new roads and buildings will have short-term impacts to air quality, primarily in the form of dust resulting from construction. Exhaust from heavy equipment used during construction will also result. On project completion, traffic on new roads and parking lots will increase exhaust emissions within the local area as people travel to and from the site. Construction dust and emissions will be managed in accordance with BMPs as required by the State of Washington. Given the temporary nature of potential impacts and implementation of BMPs, the air quality effects resultant from construction activities in the Broadmoor area are expected to be not significant. Future development is expected to increase traffic and add roadways. When a street is widened or extended, or a new road constructed, air emissions may increase. Localized carbon monoxide impacts could occur at major intersections that experience significant traffic congestion. Additionally, tailpipe emissions from vehicles traveling on public streets are one of the largest sources of air pollutant emissions associated with the growth in the study area. However, ongoing EPA emission control requirements for on-road cars and trucks have dramatically improved per- vehicle tailpipe emission rates. This beneficial trend is expected to continue into the future as drivers gradually replace old vehicles with new, cleaner-burning ones. As a result, the decrease in future per-vehicle emission rates would at least partially offset the likely increase compared to existing levels. Increased urban expansion through residential and commercial development will result in higher mobile sources of HAP and GHG emissions as area traffic (trips) will increase with increased development and population per capita. Additionally, some area sources associated with commercial development may also result. However, it is expected that the cumulative effects of increased GHG and HAP emissions affecting human health and climate change resultant from development of the alternatives are not significant. Based on projected compliance with existing regulations for NAAQS, attainment will continue to be achieved. Consistent with CEQ guidance, this EIS considers the cumulative effects of climate change for the alternatives evaluated (CEQ, 1997b). Global impacts are expected as the result of climate change; such effects are theorized to include erratic weather patterns, increased drought frequency, and rising sea levels. Regional and local effects are also expected and may include reductions in snowpack in mountain regions and increased periods of drought, which could affect aquifer and surface water levels and availability. Page 203 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 31 December 2022 Development associated with Alternatives 1 and 2 would result in increases in GHG emissions related to mobile sources, area sources, and indirect sources used for production and use of energy (electricity and natural gas), wastewater processing, and water and energy transportation. The Washington State Legislature adopted RCW 70.235.020, WAC 172-441, and WAC 173-442 which aim to reduce GHG emissions and establish reporting requirements. Emission reporting and associated requirements are mandatory for an owner or operator of any facility located in Washington state with total GHG emissions exceeding 10,000 metric tons carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) per calendar year from applicable sources as listed in WAC 173-441-120. Furthermore, WAC 173-442, Clean Air Rule, establishes baseline GHG emissions compliance thresholds from significant instate stationary sources, petroleum product producers, importers, and distributors, and natural gas distributors, and other covered parties. Development under Alternatives 1 and 2 is not anticipated to result in generation of significant levels of GHG and should be below the reporting thresholds and fall outside the applicability of emission reduction requirements per WAC 173-442e. However, any proposed facilities subject to this Non-Project EIS that may result in GHG emissions that exceed reporting requirements or Clean Air Rule thresholds shall comply with applicable reporting and/or emission reduction requirements. 5.2.3 MITIGATION MEASURES Implementation of Alternatives 1 and 2 will conform with the Clean Air Act and existing federal, state, and local regulations for air quality. City of Pasco adopted Resolution 3853 in 2018 regarding Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reductions Policy. Additionally, BMPs shall be implemented for both alternatives to limit emission of air quality pollutants whenever reasonable and practical. During construction, BMPs will include dust suppression measures to minimize fugitive dust (PM10) and prevent wind erosion for bare and stockpiled soils. Additionally, measures shall be implemented to reduce criteria pollutants, HAPs, and GHGs by ensuring construction equipment utilized in development is properly maintained and through minimization of equipment idling times. Air quality regulations require construction contractors to take all reasonable steps to minimize fugitive dust emissions during construction. These required mitigation measures are designed to reduce localized impacts affecting homes and businesses adjacent to construction sites. Compliance with such measures will be monitored through routine construction inspections. Additionally, reductions in traffic congestion through encouraging alternative modes of transportation such as transit and bicycles or walking may help offset any potential localized increase in emissions. Furthermore, on a regional basis, the EPA’s vehicle and fuel regulations (coupled with ongoing future fleet turnover) should, over time, cause significant reductions in region-wide air quality levels. Ongoing EPA motor vehicle regulations have caused steady decreases in tailpipe emissions from individual vehicles, and it is possible that those continuing decreases from individual vehicles could offset the increase in vehicle traffic. The Plan will promote transit and Page 204 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 32 December 2022 other types of transportation that do not contribute to additional air emissions and reduce vehicle traffic. The planning efforts support State and EPA efforts to reduce ozone levels during hot summer days where levels might increase due to limited wind. Continue to support hydropower electrical general facilities in the region that do not contribute to greenhouse gas emissions. No significant unavoidable adverse impacts on regional or local air quality are anticipated. Temporary, localized dust and odor impacts could occur during construction activities. Existing regulations and other mitigation measures described above should be adequate to mitigate any adverse impacts anticipated to occur as a result of the alternatives. WATER RESOURCES This section describes the existing conditions relative to water resources for the Broadmoor area. This section includes a description of surface water, groundwater, stormwater, and existing public and private water systems located in the vicinity of the Broadmoor area. These descriptions serve as an environmental baseline from which potential adverse environmental impacts are identified and measured. 5.3.1 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT The Clean Water Act (CWA), 33 U.S.C. Section 1251 et seq. (1972), regulates discharge of pollutants into the waters of the United States and establishes goals and priorities for conserving water resources. The CWA directs states to establish water quality standards and perform triannual reviews of standards for waters within their jurisdiction. The CWA governs discharges of pollutants from both point and non-point sources. Point source discharges require a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit. Residential developments that are connected to a municipal system or individual homes that may use septic systems and do not have any surface discharges do not require an NPDES permit. Industrial, municipal, and other facilities are required to obtain a permit if they discharge to surface waters directly. Furthermore, the CWA requires that states prepare a listing of all surface waters with beneficial use (i.e., drinking, recreation, aquatic habitat, and industrial use) in their jurisdiction that do not meet water quality standards. Surface water quality standards established by the State of Washington are in WAC 183-201A, Water Quality Standards for Surface Waters of the State of Washington. Surface waters of the State of Washington include “lakes, rivers, ponds, inland waters, saltwaters, wetlands, and all other surface waters and water courses” as defined in WAC 173-201A-010. The surface water bodies located in the vicinity of the Broadmoor area are discussed in Section 5.3.1.1. Page 205 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 33 December 2022 5.3.1.1 SURFACE WATER The Broadmoor area is located in central Washington in the Columbia Basin. The climate is arid to semi-arid with warmer summers and cooler winters. Precipitation for the Tri-Cities (Pasco, Richland, and Kennewick) region averages approximately 6 to 8 inches as rainfall and snow (during the winter months). The surface water bodies in the Broadmoor area consisted of artificial freshwater emergent wetlands. There was a pond and small stream resultant from trespassing irrigation waters from the South Columbia Basin Irrigation District. This is no longer operational due to a recent change in irrigation water management. Additionally, the Columbia River is adjacent to the site. A map of the freshwater forested/shrub wetland is shown in Figure 8. FIGURE 8. WETLANDS IN THE BROADMOOR AREA No surface water bodies within the Broadmoor area have been determined to be jurisdictional Waters of the U.S. under the CWA. Page 206 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 34 December 2022 5.3.1.1.1 Wetlands Wetlands are defined in the Washington State Growth Management Act (GMA; RCW 36.70A.035 [23]) as saturated areas with surface water or groundwater at a frequency and duration sufficient to support a prevalence of vegetation adapted for saturated soil conditions. Wetlands may include swamps, marshes, bogs, swales, and similar areas. The GMA excludes artificial wetlands, which are “intentionally created from non-wetlands sites, including, but not limited to, irrigation and drainage ditches, grass-lined swales, canals, detention facilities, wastewater treatment facilities, farm ponds, and landscape amenities … .” The wetlands located at the Broadmoor area are artificially constructed wetlands located at or adjacent to the ARP facility. An additional constructed wetland was located near the northeast edge of the Broadmoor area along Burns Road, but no longer exists due to changes in irrigation water management. Constructed or artificial wetlands are typically designed for mitigation area lost during development and/or are used to treat municipal and industrial wastewater. Constructed wetlands at the site are in localized topological depressions that are fed by seasonal runoff and high groundwater tables. These wetlands were primarily constructed to treat and hold industrial wastewater and dewatering waters from the ARP operation. The USACE, Richland Bend Habitat Unit, is approximately 48 acres and located at the southwestern edge of the Broadmoor area. This habitat unit is composed of native wetland and riparian habitats. Analysis of wetlands as a habitat is discussed in Section 5.4. 5.3.1.1.2 Shoreline The Columbia River, which runs adjacent to the Broadmoor area, stretches from British Columbia, Canada, down through central Washington through the Tri-Cities area and continues to the border between Washington and Oregon, emptying into the Pacific Ocean. Numerous tributaries, large and small, feed into the Columbia River. These tributaries and associated streams are spawning ground for native steelhead and salmon. The Columbia River is important habitat for both species as well as other fish and wildlife and benthic invertebrates. Protection of critical habitat along its shoreline is important. The USACE owns and manages the shoreline adjacent to the Broadmoor area. The adjacent shoreline is mostly vegetated and is partially developed or undeveloped, with a wetlands and riparian area identified adjacent to the southwest edge of the Broadmoor area as shown in Figure 8. This wetland complex and riparian area encompasses approximately 48 acres. Shoreline within the City of Pasco and Franklin County is managed as outlined in the Franklin County and City of Pasco Shoreline Master Program Update (Anchor QEA, 2014, 2015). This plan provides a shoreline inventory, regulatory overview, analysis of shoreline jurisdiction, and characterization of ecosystems, and identifies public access goals and policies. All development activities associated with the alternatives will comply with applicable regulations and the Page 207 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 35 December 2022 management policies implemented and outlined as part of the Shoreline Master Program. Additionally, it is important to maintain required shoreline buffers and consider any necessary mitigation measures when development along shoreline boundaries is considered under the alternatives. Local, state, and federal cultural resources laws apply to shoreline development and require a cultural resource review process for federally funded and/or permitted projects under Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act. Because no shoreline development is currently included within the scope of the proposed alternatives, impacts and mitigation for shoreline development and a cultural resource review of the shoreline were not performed as part of this Non-Project EIS for the Broadmoor area. 5.3.1.1.3 Floodplains Federal agencies are required to evaluate the potential effects of actions taken within floodplains as required by EO 11988. This EO requires determination of whether an action will occur in the floodplain and whether adverse effects or incompatibility will occur. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) determines flood elevations and floodplain boundaries. These are published in Flood Hazard Boundary Maps based on a 100-year flood event. The Broadmoor area is located in Zone C designated by FEMA as “areas of minimal flooding (no shading)” and thus falls outside of the 100-year and 500-year flood event boundaries, which corresponds to a less than 0.2% annual chance of a flood (Flood Insurance Rate Maps for Area No. 53004406758 and 53004406908, 1990). 5.3.1.2 GROUNDWATER Groundwater at the Broadmoor area and in Franklin County is part of the Columbia River Plateau regional aquifer system, which spans approximately 50,600 square miles, extending from northern Idaho, northeastern Oregon, and southeastern Washington. The aquifer system is made up of four aquifers: the suprabasalt sediment (overburden) aquifer, Saddle Mountain aquifer, Wanapum aquifer, and Grande Ronde aquifer. The Columbia Basin Project, which redistributes water through a series of canals for agricultural use, has impacted water levels within the City as well as Broadmoor area and largely influenced groundwater movement (Anchor QEA, 2015). Precipitation and irrigation waters (where applicable) are the primary sources of groundwater recharge in the area. Local, state, and federal regulations have been established to minimize adverse impacts to groundwater quality. Such regulations govern water wells, septic tanks, stormwater, etc. Additionally, to protect groundwater supply as required under the Federal Safe Drinking Water Act, the Washington Department of Health requires Group A water systems to implement wellhead protections programs to prevent contamination of groundwater used as a drinking water source (Anchor QEA, 2015). Page 208 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 36 December 2022 The Broadmoor area and all of the City of Pasco fall within an aquifer recharge area. Thus, it is critical that BMPs be implemented as part of development and construction activities to prevent degradation of surface water and recharge of groundwater from stormwater runoff. 5.3.1.3 STORMWATER The Broadmoor area is primarily flat and gently sloped, with some steeper sloped areas and depressions. The area is currently used for agricultural and mining operations and limited residential development. Some of the parcels have structures on them; however, much of the area is currently pervious surface. Stormwater currently collects in depressions or artificial wetland/riparian areas. Increasing non-pervious surface with commercial, residential, and mixed- use development associated with Alternatives 1 and 2 will result in an increase of stormwater runoff. Increased stormwater runoff has the potential to enter and degrade surface waters. Additionally, infiltration of untreated stormwater could degrade groundwater in the uppermost aquifer over time. 5.3.1.4 PUBLIC AND PRIVATE WATER SYSTEMS The Broadmoor area is expected to be served by the City of Pasco water system. The City of Pasco is currently developing the infrastructure to accommodate this development. Residential and commercial development will also extend water lines from homes and buildings to the new infrastructure planned for the City of Pasco water system. Numerous water and resource protection wells currently present at the Broadmoor area are likely used for residential, agricultural, and industrial use, as well as for groundwater monitoring at the ARP facility. Such wells may be maintained or decommissioned by future development associated with the proposed alternatives. If wells are decommissioned, they are required to be decommissioned properly in accordance with WAC 173-160-381, when necessary. Well logs and locations of currently existing wells in Washington State are maintained in a database managed by Ecology, accessed online at: https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/waterresources/map/WCLSWebMap/WellConstructionMapSearch.aspx. Some already developed areas in the Broadmoor area are already served by the City of Pasco water system. The primary water source for future development will be the City of Pasco water system. There are no significant adverse water system impacts associated with the alternatives. 5.3.2 POTENTIAL IMPACTS Water quality impacts could occur due to erosion of bare ground during construction and from increased pervious surfaces resulting in increased storm water runoff. There could also be a risk of accidents or spills of petroleum products from construction equipment. Shallow aquifers are susceptible to contamination from surface sources and could be contaminated if a petroleum spill were to occur. Page 209 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 37 December 2022 The change in development patterns from irrigated and vacant to developed lands would also change groundwater and stormwater recharge dynamics from new impervious surfaces, soil compaction, or other soil-disturbing activities. This change would concentrate near stormwater drainage areas to absorb stormwater, as opposed to existing conditions where rain currently falls and is dispersed across agricultural fields and seeps into groundwater aquifers. Treatment and infiltration of stormwater will be managed in compliance with the latest Ecology stormwater manual, and potential impacts to water quality and aquifer recharge will be appropriately mitigated. Assuming appropriate mitigation measures (complying with the existing regulations) are implemented and maintained, there are no significant unavoidable adverse water resource impacts associated with the alternatives. The rate of water supply demand would generally be proportionate to the rate of growth anticipated for each alternative. 5.3.3 MITIGATION MEASURES Treatment and infiltration of stormwater at the site will mitigate adverse impacts to ground and surface water quality and aquifer recharge. The alternatives will require stormwater facilities depending on the amount of impervious surface developed. Due to the increased impervious surface under the two alternatives, larger capacity stormwater facilities will be required to mitigate potential water quality and aquifer recharge impacts. Additionally, on-site sustainable stormwater management BMPs will be utilized as necessary. Additional mitigation measures include bio-filtration, either before or after entry into the various detention ponds, and buffers around wetlands in accordance with the City critical areas code, and standards in the PMC. Stormwater improvements are planned to manage stormwater and protect water quality. The City will evaluate and apply Low Impact Development (LID) stormwater techniques, where appropriate, to maintain dispersed groundwater infiltration. FISH AND WILDLIFE AND HABITATS This section describes existing wildlife and habitat at the Broadmoor area. Certain fish and wildlife and habitats, including Priority Habitats and Species (PHS), are protected and/or monitored as part of state and federal regulations and programs. The WDFW identifies and defines PHS to prioritize conservation of important fish, wildlife, and habitat resources in Washington State. Development in areas where PHS are present will require mitigation for any unavoidable adverse impacts. The assessment of PHS and other habitats and species contained herein is based on limited site reconnaissance and previous site surveys performed by the WDFW, Washington State Department of Natural Resources, and the City of Pasco. Page 210 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 38 December 2022 5.4.1 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT 5.4.1.1 REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS 5.4.1.1.1 Federal Endangered Species Act The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) are responsible for the enforcement of provisions pursuant to the federal Endangered Species Act (ESA). The ESA prohibits the taking (injury or harassment) of a listed species by private individuals or federal, state or local agencies (50 CFR Sections 17.11 and 17.12). Under the ESA, USFWS and NMFS review projects to evaluate the presence of and any proposed impacts to such species. Habitat loss is considered to be an adverse impact to a species. Thus, review and consideration of listed threatened and endangered species and their habitats will be performed, and any mitigation measures determined, if necessary. The WDFW classifies additional species native to the state of Washington as Endangered, Threatened, or Sensitive. These designations prioritize conservation, policies, and goals. These species are designated under WAC 232-12 and are also outlined as part of a WDFW Annual Report of Threatened and Endangered Wildlife in Washington (WDFW, 2013) and WDFW Policy POL-M- 6001, which includes the following definitions: State Endangered Species: A species native to the State of Washington that is seriously threatened with extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range within the state. State Threatened Species: A species native to the State of Washington that is likely to become endangered within the foreseeable future throughout a significant portion of its range within the state without cooperative management or removal of threats. State Sensitive Species: A species native to the state of Washington that is vulnerable or declining and is likely to become endangered or threatened in a significant portion of its range within the state without cooperative management or removal of threats. State Candidate Species: A fish and wildlife species Washington in which sufficient evidence suggests that its status may meet the listing criteria defined for State Endangered, Threatened, or Sensitive as defined in WAC-232-12-297. These species are reviewed by WDFW for possible listing as State Endangered, Threatened, or Sensitive. State Candidate species will be managed by the WDFW, as needed, to ensure the long-term survival of populations in Washington. Currently listed State Threatened or State Sensitive species may also be listed as State Candidate species if evidence suggests that its status may meet criteria for a higher listing of State Endangered or State Threatened. These species are prioritized for management and conservation by an associated PHS listing. Priority habitats are those habitats with “unique or significant value to many fish or wildlife.” Page 211 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 39 December 2022 5.4.1.1.2 Migratory Bird Treaty Act The Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA) of 1918 (16 U.S.C. 703-711) protects migratory birds. Migratory birds protected by the MBTA are listed in 50 CFR 10.13. The MBTA makes it unlawful “to take, possess, import, export, transport, sell, purchase, barter, or offer for sale, purchase, or barter, or any migratory bird except under a valid permit.” This includes direct injury or death of a migratory bird as the result of construction activities or construction-related disturbances including activities that cause nest or nestling abandonment or forced fledging. Thus, construction-related disturbance shall be minimized by implementation of mitigation measures during the nesting season. 5.4.1.2 Affected Habitat and Species The Broadmoor area encompasses approximately 1,240 acres of mostly shrub-steppe habitat. Wetland/riparian habitat is associated with ARP mining operations and irrigation drainage. Sand dune habitat is present in the northeast portion of the area as shown in Figure 9. A majority of the area is moderately disturbed by anthropogenic activities including industrial mining operations, agriculture, residential development, and recreational activities. FIGURE 9. WILDLIFE HABITATS AND SPECIES LOCATED AT THE BROADMOOR AREA Page 212 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 40 December 2022 The primary habitats at the site are characteristic of conditions typically associated with south- central Washington State, which include an arid to semi-arid climate with sandy, well-drained soils. Vegetation is typical to the region and includes tall sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata), Chinese lettuce (Lactuca serriola), crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum), non-native cheat grass (Bromus spp.), rabbit-brush (Chrysothamnus spp.), tumble mustard (Sisymbrium altissimum), and Russian thistle (Salsola iberica). Vegetation near wetland/riparian areas at the site includes cottonwoods (Populus balsamifera), poplars (Populus spp.), reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea), Russian olives (Elaeagnus angustifolia), and willows (Salix spp.). The USFWS and WDFW are the primary regulatory bodies for critical and priority habitats, terrestrial wildlife, and inland fish species. The City also protects these species and habitats through its Critical Areas code. The species of concern as indicated by USFWS and WDFW that are located at the Broadmoor area are outlined in Table 6. TABLE 6. SPECIES OF PRIMARY CONCERN FOR THE BROADMOOR AREA Common Name Scientific Name Animal Type Species Status State Federal Black-Tailed Jackrabbit Lepus californicus Mammal SC none Burrowing Owl Athene cunicularia Bird SC none Ord’s Kangaroo Rat* Dipodolys ordii Mammal Monitored none Sagebrush Sparrow Artemisiospiza nevadensis Bird SC none Sagebrush Lizard Sceloporus graciosus Reptile SC none *Ord’s Kangaroo Rat is a Washington State Monitored Species and is listed on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species as Least Concern. SC = State Candidate (Sources: WDFW, 2018; Cassola, 2016) The species listed in Table 6 are either State Candidate or State Monitored species, but are not federally listed as threatened or endangered. Steelhead and bull trout are federally listed as threatened for the mid-Columbia River, but are not expected to be impacted by Broadmoor area development activities. As part of development associated with both alternatives, the distribution and amount of shrub- steppe and wetland/riparian habitats were determined by WDFW through evaluations in 2018 (2018b) and 2021. These surveys performed by WDFW indicate the presence of the species of concern at certain locations within the Broadmoor area. Information specific to the species of concern identified in Table 6 is provided in the following subsections. Page 213 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 41 December 2022 5.4.1.2.1 Black-Tailed Jackrabbit The black-tailed jackrabbit (Lepus californicus) can be identified by black-tipped long ears with long rear legs, and peppery brown fur with a black stripe down the back. They are 18 to 24 inches in length with a weight that ranges from 4 to 8 pounds. The black-tailed jackrabbit’s habitat can be found in the semi-arid Columbia Plateau shrub-steppe and grassland of southern-central Washington to South Dakota, southward into Baja California, and well into south-central Mexico (Chapman and Flux, 1990). Black-tailed jackrabbits mate year-round and can produce around four litters per year. They can live from 1 to 5 years, travel up to 30 to 40 miles per hour, and have a jumping range of approximately 10 to 20 feet. They mostly come out at night and spend their days resting. The diet of the black- tailed jackrabbit consists of a wide variety of green plants such as alfalfa, and they eat dried and woody plants during the winter months (AMCELA et al., 2008). The black-tailed jackrabbit was observed and documented at the Broadmoor area as part of a WDFW Survey of Priority Habitats and Species Report (2018b). They are considered by the State of Washington as a State Candidate species. 5.4.1.2.2 Burrowing Owl The burrowing owl (Athene cunicularia) is a small-bodied owl with a round head that lacks ear tufts. They have yellow eyes and long legs. Feathers are generally sandy brown with white spots on the body. They have white eyebrows and a white chin stripe. The female burrowing owl commonly has darker plumage. They are approximately 7.5 to 11.0 inches long and have a wingspan of 20.0 to 24.0 inches (USFWS, 2022). True to their name, burrowing owls live in burrows and their primary habitat typically consists of open grassland, steppe, or “desert biomes.” Their burrows generally can be found in gently sloping areas with little or sparse vegetation. The burrowing owl can be found in locations such as Canada, the United States, Central America, islands in the Atlantic Ocean along the U.S. and Mexico Coastline, South America, and the Netherlands (BirdLife International, 2016; USFWS, 2022). Burrowing owls nest in late March and April. They are primarily monogamous but on occasion have two mates. The females lay multiple eggs through their breeding cycle, laying up to 4 to 12 eggs in total. The diet of the burrowing owl consists of an assortment of insects, invertebrates, and vertebrates such as rodents (BirdLife International, 2016; USFWS, 2022). The burrowing owl was observed and documented at the Broadmoor area as part of a prior WDFW Survey of Priority Habitats and Species Report (2018a), but current presence has not been documented. The burrowing owl is considered by the State of Washington as a State Candidate species. Page 214 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 42 December 2022 5.4.1.2.3 Sagebrush Sparrow The sagebrush sparrow (Artemisiospiza nevadensis) can be identified by its long tail, round greyish head, a white spot in front of its eyes, and a broad white mustache stripe above a dark mustache stripe. They have a white underbelly, buffy-brown back with dusky streaks, and thin white edges on their outer tail feathers (Martin and Carlson, 1998). The sagebrush sparrow is a range wide breeder that can be found in the sagebrush plains of the Great Basin in Washington, Oregon, California, Nevada, Idaho, Wyoming, western Colorado, and northwestern New Mexico (Allaboutbirds.org 2022). This species forages mostly on the ground, feeding mostly on insects and seeds from weeds, grasses, and shrubs. They nest in low sagebrush and sometimes on the ground. They are approximately 6 inches in length, with a wingspan of 8.25 inches, and they weigh around 0.58 ounce (McCormick, 2015). The sagebrush sparrow is considered by the State of Washington as a State Candidate species. The sagebrush sparrow was observed and documented in the southeastern portion of the Broadmoor area adjacent to the eastern boundary of the ARP facility. This species was observed as part of a WDFW Survey of Priority Habitats and Species Report and during a pedestrian survey conducted by WDFW in April 2017 (WDFW, 2018b). They were also observed outside of the Broadmoor area farther to the east. 5.4.1.2.4 Sagebrush Lizard The sagebrush lizard (Sceloporus graciosus) can be identified by its keeled dorsal scales, which are usually gray, tan, brown, or olive. They have hints of blue or green on their dorsal surface and random banding patterns on the body and tail. The predominant color of the sagebrush lizard is broken up by a lighter gray or tan stripe on the back and by one lighter stripe on each side. They frequently have a black bar on the shoulder and have small and granular scales on the rear portion of the thigh. They are approximately 1.9 to 3.5 inches in length from the snout to the vent (iNaturalist, 2018). The sagebrush lizard can be found in Utah, Nevada, southern Idaho, northern Arizona, northwestern New Mexico, Texas, Wyoming, Oregon, California, Washington, and western Colorado, and in limited populations in North Dakota and Nebraska. The sagebrush lizard’s habitat is mainly in sagebrush, but they can also be found living in pine or fir forests, redwood forests, brushlands, and piñon-juniper woodlands (iNaturalist, 2018). Sagebrush lizards reproduce in the spring, when they will produce one to two clutches of eggs, laying approximately 2 to 10 eggs that will hatch in about 45 to 75 days. Their diet consists of an Page 215 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 43 December 2022 assortment of insects such as ants, beetles, grasshoppers, flies, hemipterans, lepidopterans, and arachnids (iNaturalist, 2018). The sagebrush lizard is considered by the State of Washington as a State Candidate species. This species was documented at the Broadmoor area in April 2017 as part of a pedestrian survey (WDFW, 2018b). Sagebrush lizards are commonly found in shrub-steppe habitat such as that present at the site. 5.4.1.2.5 Ord’s Kangaroo Rat Ord’s kangaroo rat (Dipodolys ordii) is a small rodent whose primary habitat consists of sandy soils in semi-arid and mixed grasslands and shrublands like those found in parts of the Broadmoor area. Kangaroo rats may also inhabit anthropogenically disturbed habitats such as outlying edges of grazed pastures, fallow fields and agricultural fireguards, and roads and trails. This species creates small and simple burrows in the sand for storage of food, hibernation, and protection from predators. Ord’s kangaroo rats are nocturnal and solitary and are named for their “bipedal hopping- style of locomotion and long tail.” This species has been found to inhabit a geographic range north to southern Alberta and Saskatchewan, Canada, south to Hidalgo, Mexico, southwest to central Oregon and eastern California and east to central Kansas and Oklahoma (Cassola, 2016; Saskatchewan Ministry of Environment, 2014). Ord’s kangaroo rats were observed at the Broadmoor area in sand dunes located toward the northeast corner of the ARP permitted mining area. The Broadmoor area currently contains numerous sand dunes or sandy soils in shrub-steppe habitat as shown in Figure 9. However, this area is generally moderately disturbed by anthropogenic activities related to mine operations and recreation in the area. Current population trends for the Ord’s kangaroo rat are stable with no major threats known to this species. Populations of kangaroo rat are very abundant in protected areas in the United States and in uninhabited areas in Mexico. Additional protections for the kangaroo rat are required in some areas of the United States. This species is not currently a federally listed endangered species nor listed as a species of concern for the State of Washington. 5.4.1.2.6 Aquatic Species and Habitat The Columbia River makes up the western border of the Broadmoor area. This aquatic habitat supports numerous resident and anadromous fish, aquatic invertebrates, and numerous migratory bird species. Many ESA-listed anadromous salmonid species are found in the Columbia River, including bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus), steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss), sockeye (Oncorhynchus nerka), and spring and fall Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). Pacific lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus) are present but have experienced population decline in recent years. Resident fish include a mix of native and non-native species, such as smallmouth Page 216 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 44 December 2022 (Micropterus dolomieu) and largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), northern pikeminnow (Ptychocheilus oregonensis), sculpin (Cottoidea), mountain whitefish (Prosopium williamsoni), sturgeon (Acipenseridae), catfish (Siluriformes), sucker (Catostomidae), and other species. The aquatic nearshore and riparian shoreline areas of the Columbia River support concentrations of wintering migratory waterfowl, and primarily serve as resting and feeding areas for Canada goose and ducks. Some waterfowl nesting likely occurs in wider riparian areas along the open space of the Columbia River. 5.4.2 POTENTIAL IMPACTS Implementation of Alternatives 1 and 2 would alter current habitats for State Candidate and State Monitor species along with habitat listed in Table 7 as land is developed. Development will likely result in unavoidable adverse impacts to the indicated species of concern and their associated habitats. TABLE 7. SUMMARY OF HABITAT TYPE AND AREA AFFECTED BY DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATED WITH ALTERNATIVES 1 AND 2 Habitat Type Area of Potential Disturbance Shrub-steppe habitat, including burrowing owl and other species’ habitat 300 acres Artificial wetland – mining 38 acres Riparian wetland and habitat along Columbia River 50 acres (Source: WDFW, 2018a and 2022; Washington Department of Natural Resources, City of Pasco, and Franklin Country Geographic Information System (GIS) data sets) There are no jurisdictional Waters of the U.S. located within the Broadmoor area. The Columbia River and the associated riparian and wetland habitats are located on the western boundary of the Broadmoor area, but they will not be impacted by development because this area is protected under the City’s Shoreline Master Program. Artificial wetlands/riparian areas at the Broadmoor area will be impacted by development. Mitigation measures are not required because these are constructed features and State Candidate and State Monitor species do not inhabit these areas. Thus, there are no avoidable adverse effects to jurisdictional Waters of the U.S. (wetlands/riparian) within the Broadmoor area. Construction activities associated with the alternatives could result in impacts to nesting birds covered under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act. Implementation of mitigation measures identified in Section 5.4.3, including conducting a preconstruction survey, would reduce the potential adverse effects to active nests of migratory birds and birds of prey potentially present at the Broadmoor area. Page 217 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 45 December 2022 5.4.3 MITIGATION MEASURES The following mitigation measures will be implemented in accordance with applicable local, state, and federal regulations for Alternatives 1 and 2: • Avoid impacts to wetlands and riparian habitats and buffers, in accordance with the Shoreline Master Program for the area along the Columbia River designated as shorelands, and maintain fish and wildlife habitat protections in this area. • Include landscaping with native plants in streetscapes, buffers for stormwater swales, rain gardens, and other habitat features, as well as setting aside open space areas within developed areas. • For the shrub-steppe habitat, which also includes the historically documented burrowing owl breeding areas and habitat for other species, an off-site mitigation strategy will be used. This strategy includes developers in the Broadmoor area paying into a mitigation fund to preserve shrub-steppe habitat in Franklin County on a 2:1 ratio to offset habitat impacts. Analysis conducted by WDFW in coordination with the City determined that 300 acres (53%) of actual shrub-steppe habitat exists within the originally identified PHS-designated habitat area (560 acres). The total mitigation amount is 600 acres (300 acres x 2), per the 2:1 mitigation ratio. Each parcel developed in the PHS mapped area will be required to mitigate for 53% shrub-steppe habitat at 2:1 ratio. For example, if a 40-acre parcel develops in the PHS-designated area, the mitigation acreage would be 40 acres x 0.53 x 2, or 42.4 acres of cost for shrub-steppe habitat protection. The developer would pay at a determined rate, and this funding would be used to permanently protect other shrub-steppe lands within Franklin County. The Franklin Conservation District will administer the program, and each developer will be required by the City to execute a mitigation agreement that includes the terms and conditions for paying for the permanently protected acreage. • Install and use stormwater BMPs to include control structures (silt fencing, etc.) (refer to Stormwater Management Manual for Eastern Washington, August 2019; https://apps.ecology.wa.gov/publications/documents/1810044.pdf ) to prevent the likelihood of construction and stormwater runoff degrading surface waters and adjacent wetlands/riparian habitats. Control structures shall be properly maintained and inspected on a regular basis to ensure the integrity of BMPs. • If construction activities are planned to occur during the nesting season for migratory birds and birds of prey, a qualified biologist shall conduct a preconstruction survey in accordance with the MBTA. The nesting season has been determined to be between February 15 and September 15. The preconstruction survey shall be performed within 100 feet of the vicinity of construction activities to identify any active nests and shall be performed within 14 days before the commencement of construction activities. If nests are not present, no mitigation is required. If active nests are identified, 100-foot buffers shall be established around nests and then subsequently monitored during construction to evaluate nesting disturbance. Page 218 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 46 December 2022 ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH This section describes existing environmental conditions for the Broadmoor area relating to hazardous materials. Hazardous materials are materials that may pose a risk to human health and the environment. These materials are subject to numerous laws and regulations pertaining to storage, handling, transportation, cleanup, and disposal. The assessment of hazardous materials contained herein is based on limited site reconnaissance and consideration of current land use, and thus may not address all potential risks, situations, and locations for which hazardous materials may be present. 5.5.1 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT Land use in the Broadmoor area consists of agriculture, residential development, industrial development (American ARP facility), and recreational areas. There are no known hazardous materials spills, violations, or instances of recorded contamination with the proposed development area for the Broadmoor area. Hazardous materials typically associated with agriculture may include (but are not limited to) pesticides, herbicides, petroleum products, and solvents used for equipment operation and maintenance. Limited site reconnaissance of agricultural areas has shown no visible signs of hazardous materials or gross contamination. Hazardous materials associated with residential development are typically limited to household goods and services. Thus, potential hazardous material risks associated with residential development are limited. Industrial operations at the ARP facility may use and/or generate hazardous materials and waste, such as petroleum products and other chemicals and solvents necessary to maintain and operate equipment and facilitate industrial operations. Current ARP operations include concrete recycling and resource extraction, processing, stockpiling, and product transport from the site. Current extraction occurs within a disturbed area in the northern and western locations of the permitted ARP area, with stockpiling and processing taking place in the southern and western portions of the disturbed area. Some studies have shown minimal lead contamination in surface soils associated with concrete recycling operations. Lead contamination in soils is linked to the recycling of concrete that has been painted with lead-based paints. Investigation of surface soils in the vicinity of concrete recycling operations has not been completed to either confirm or deny the presence of lead contamination. Considerations for the type and age of concrete materials being recycled and investigative sampling would be necessary to make a determination as to the presence, location, and concentration of any such contamination. Page 219 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 47 December 2022 5.5.2 POTENTIAL IMPACTS No significant adverse effects would result from development of the Broadmoor area under both alternatives. However, there are some limited risks associated with construction and land use development for hazardous materials. During development and construction, hazardous materials may be used and could include petroleum products, hydraulic fluid, solvents, cleaners, various lubricants, paint, paint thinner, sealants, welding flux, and other typical chemicals and products. These materials may be used for the operation and maintenance of equipment and used directly in construction activities. Potential for small spills and incidental dripping from equipment does exist. However, construction BMPs are used to limit such spills and drips to minimize the risk of an inadvertent release. There is also a limited possibility that construction activities may uncovered previously unknown soil and/or groundwater contamination due to hazardous materials usage presented in Section 5.5.1. Encountering such contamination is not anticipated, but if encountered could pose a risk to human health and the environment and would require additional mitigation measures. 5.5.3 MITIGATION MEASURES To minimize hazardous materials risks associated with construction and development of the Broadmoor area, the following BMPs will be implemented for both alternatives: • For refueling and maintenance of construction equipment and vehicles: − Petroleum products and other hazardous fluid shall be transferred directly from a service vehicle to the equipment and shall not be stored on site. − Catch basins or drip pans will be placed beneath equipment to catch potential spills during service and maintenance. − Refueling will be conducted only with approved refueling equipment including pumps, hoses, and nozzles. − Smoking, open flames, or welding shall not be permitted during or in the vicinity of refueling opera`tions. − Vehicle engines shall not be operated during refueling. − Refueling shall be performed away from surface waters. − Appropriate spill containment kits and fire extinguishers shall be present at refueling locations and/or during refueling and vehicle/equipment maintenance. − All hazardous materials stored on- site shall be regularly inspected, at least weekly, to ensure containers are in good condition and not leaking. Inspection shall be logged in a log book. − If a spill is to occur, soil and other contaminated materials shall be stored and disposed of in accordance with applicable local, state, and federal regulations. Page 220 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 48 December 2022 • If contaminated soil or other media are encountered during construction and development, all work shall be halted until qualified individual(s) or a professional hazardous materials specialist can assess the extent of contamination and determine any appropriate mitigation measures. If contaminated hazardous materials are confirmed, all contaminated soils and media will be disposed of in accordance with local, state, and federal regulations as they apply. NOISE 5.6.1 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT Humans may experience physical or behavioral effects as the result of increased noise. Environmental noise may result in the following effects: physiological effects such as hearing loss; subjective effects of annoyance and nuisance; and speech, sleep, and learning effects. Noise pollution in the Broadmoor area is currently present as the result of agricultural operations, recreation, vehicular traffic, and industrial operations at the ARP facility. Limited increases in noise pollution are expected as the result of implementation of the alternatives. Construction as part of development under Alternatives 1 and 2 would result in increased noise. Construction equipment such as graders, tractors, power nailers, generators, air compressors, excavators, etc. would generate noise. Construction-related noise would be temporary. Noise generated from construction and development is governed as part of WAC 173-60, which establishes maximum permissible environmental noise levels. Noise levels at the Broadmoor area are not expected to exceed maximum permissible levels as part of construction or development associated with the proposed alternatives. Increased traffic at the Broadmoor area would generate additional ambient noise. Traffic-related noise depends on 1) the volume of the traffic; 2) the speed of the traffic; and 3) the number of trucks in the flow of traffic. Because a traffic study has not been performed for the Broadmoor Area, traffic and ambient noise impacts are discussed generally. Potential noise impacts related to traffic at the Broadmoor area would be primarily present along major arterials and commercial developments. The Federal Highway Administration has established Noise Abatement Criteria related to traffic. Likewise, WSDOT has also implemented a traffic noise policy, and motor vehicle noise is regulated by WAC 173-62, “Motor Vehicle Noise Performance Standards.” The standards relative to traffic noise are based on peak-hour traffic and establish criteria based on maximum sound levels. Increased noise pollution would likely be the greatest under Alternative 1 and reduced noise pollution likely to be associated with Alternative 2. Alternatives 1 and 2 both will result in increased development densities, subsequently resulting in increased traffic in Alternate 2 compared to Alternative 1. However, Alternatives 1 and 2 are not expected to exceed maximum noise levels Page 221 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 49 December 2022 pursuant to federal and state regulations. Additionally, under Alternatives 1 and 2, some increased ambient noise is expected with increased development densities. Increased ambient noise may include, but is not limited to, noise related to landscape maintenance (e.g., lawn mowers, leaf blowers) and increased population, commercial activities, and recreation. 5.6.2 POTENTIAL IMPACTS For both alternatives, increased noise pollution over time is likely as properties are developed, including temporary impacts during construction and then more permanent effects to ambient noise levels from traffic and increased population in the area. 5.6.3 MITIGATION MEASURES Construction-related noise impacts may be mitigated though the use of construction hour limitations and noise suppression improvements on construction equipment. Trees, fences, and other development features can help reduce ambient noise levels. LAND AND SHORELINE USE This section identifies conditions related to the Broadmoor area’s current land and shoreline use and future land use expected with implementation of the alternatives. 5.7.1 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT 5.7.1.1 LAND USE The Broadmoor area encompasses approximately 1,240 acres in the northwest portion of the City of Pasco and the Pasco UGA boundary. The current land use of the Broadmoor area includes farmlands and orchards with intermittent residences, an industrial complex at the ARP facility, undeveloped shrub-steppe habitat used for recreation, and a few medium density and low density housing developments. Much of the undeveloped shrub-steppe habitat, agricultural fields, and orchards is zoned for low density residential and residential transition. New low and medium density housing developments are being constructed along the north (south of Burns Road) and south (south of Harris Road) sides of the Broadmoor area. Development is likely to continue under Alternative 1 because there is an increased demand for additional housing as the City of Pasco and Tri-Cities area population continues to grow. Coordinated development under Alternative 2 would better enable development to occur systematically with adequate public facilities, roads, and utilities, rather than in a segmented manner under Alternative 1. Traffic flow and accessibility, and efficient and effective land use at the Broadmoor area, would be improved by implementation of a coordinated development as part of a Master Plan for the site. Page 222 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 50 December 2022 In both alternatives, land use patterns will be changed. Alternative 1 does not consider the development challenges on the gravel mining site. It designates medium density residential for the area. Alternative 2 designates this area as Reclamation and re-allocates future growth in the rest of the planning area. The Open Space designation in Alternative 1 along the tailwater pond is no longer functional due to the change in irrigation management. Alternative 2 designates this area as medium density residential and mixed use. While there would be a loss of growth potential due to the low density residential land use in Alternative 1, Alternative 2 will reallocate development to meet the growth target for this area. 5.7.1.2 SHORELINE Much of the shoreland abutting the Columbia River is undeveloped with Open Space land use designation and is owned by the USACE. There are some private residential property owners within the shoreline jurisdiction. Shoreline on the south side is privately owned. The shoreline environment designations are a mix of Natural, Recreation, Shoreline Residential, and Urban Conservancy. These designations allow various shoreline-based uses such as docks and trails, as well as protecting the environment. Docks and informal trails exist in various segments of the shoreline. Shoreline Road runs within the shoreline on the northern portion. 5.7.2 POTENTIAL IMPACTS Both Alternatives 1 and 2 will result in urban development that will transform the current land use pattern. Since part of the area is still under the UGA, both alternatives may result in decreased residential densities in the unincorporated UGA due to County zoning limitations and previously permitted low density developments in certain portions of the area. In Alternative 1, the northerly portion is designated as Open Space. Because of the medium density designation of the gravel mining site, a large portion of land (open space and the gravel mining site) will remain undeveloped or unchanged. Similar to Alternative 1, about 187 acres of the gravel mining site will remain unchanged under the Open Space Transition designation in Alternative 2. However, the northerly Open Space in Alternative 1 is changed to Medium Density Residential and Mixed Use with Alternative 2, changing the development pattern in this area. Alternative 2 will accommodate increased development capacities overall for the Broadmoor area due to the loss of densities from previously permitted low density developments in the area. Alternative 1 will add inconsistencies in terms of development corridors. For instance, the Medium- High Density Residential land use may not have adequate road access as Sandifur Parkway extension is planned on the north side of this area. Land use in Alternative 2 focuses development along the major corridors and centers with mixed use along Sandifur Parkway and Shoreline Road. Page 223 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 51 December 2022 5.7.3 MITIGATION MEASURES Both alternatives will comply with the City’s Comprehensive Plan, development regulations including zoning and complete street policies. The following mitigation measures should be used: • Meet population growth targets and housing demand in new developments that will prevent sprawl. • Improve the built environment through designing new structures and development per PMC. • Implementation of, and conformance with the adopted design and development standards according to the Broadmoor Area Master Plan in Alternative 2. • Implement street design, classification, and connectivity standards according to the Broadmoor Area Master Plan in Alternative 2. • Reduce local traffic volumes by creating a live-work environment. • Protect shoreline areas according to the City’s shoreline regulations under Title 29. • Provide shoreline public access according to the Rivershore Linkage and Amenity Plan. • Allow adequate parks, open space, and public facilities. • Maintain land use compatibility to mitigate adverse impacts between different land uses. AESTHETICS AND VISUAL SETTING 5.8.1 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT The Broadmoor area is adjacent to the Columbia River, I-182, Broadmoor Boulevard, and Burns Road and features river views, shrub-steppe habitat, and various agricultural fields and orchards with intermittent residential development. I-182 to the southeast, Broadmoor Boulevard to the east, and Burns Road to the north provide a viewshed to much of the site. The intersection of Broadmoor Boulevard and Burns Road currently provides the primary entrance to the Broadmoor area, and paved and gravel access roads, private drives, and frontage roads interconnect throughout the site. Harris Road is the access to the ARP facility. Undeveloped portions of the Broadmoor area characterized as shrub-steppe habitat include small sand dunes and grassland. Other undeveloped lands at the site are used for seasonally planted and harvested agricultural crops and orchards. The area west of the shrub-steppe habitat is visually impacted by ARP industrial operations. The topography of the ARP facility has been transformed by mining operations, which have required dewatering due to the high water table and created artificial wetlands. Additionally, northern areas of the site have been visually impacted by construction of residential developments. Figures 10 to 16 present photographs of the current aesthetic and visual setting of the area. Page 224 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 52 December 2022 FIGURE 10. PANORAMIC VIEW OF SHRUB-STEPPE HABITAT FIGURE 11. VIEW OF SHRUB-STEPPE HABITAT AND GRASSLAND AND ADJACENT RESIDENCE FIGURE 12. PANORAMIC VIEW OF AMERICAN ROCK PRODUCTS FACILITY Page 225 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 53 December 2022 FIGURE 13. PANORAMIC VIEW OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS AT THE BROADMOOR AREA FIGURE 14. VIEW OF THE COLUMBIA RIVER FROM THE BROADMOOR AREA Page 226 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 54 December 2022 FIGURE 15. VIEW OF AN ORCHARD LOCATED AT THE BROADMOOR AREA FIGURE 16. VIEW OF THE ON-GOING RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENTS 5.8.2 POTENTIAL IMPACTS Development associated with both alternatives will substantially alter the current aesthetic and visual character of the area. The visual character of the existing landscape will change from open, orchard, and partially developed character to an urban setting. These will be changed under both alternatives to a combination of mixed-use development including low, medium, and medium-high density residential, office, and commercial developments with intermittent open, green, and other public spaces. These developments and future roadways will result in changes in topography and slopes in both alternatives. Page 227 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 55 December 2022 Alternative 1 will change the visual and aesthetic character of the eastern and western sides of the Broadmoor area with mixed-use development clusters. The central portion of the area with mining operations will not change immediately. This mining site, along with the open space, will create a physical and visual character of undeveloped and/or low intensity development. Developments under this alternative will implement the City’s existing zoning regulations, therefore creating a visual pattern similar to the rest of the City. Alternative 2 will cluster developments around three major centers (Sandifur Parkway and Broadmoor Boulevard, Sandifur Parkway and Road 108, and Sandifur Parkway near the USACE open space), and within mixed-use districts. The mixed-use and medium density residential districts will be developed with a compact and pedestrian-friendly development pattern with a variety of housing types, mixed-use buildings, wide sidewalks, and street landscaping. Similar to Alternative 1, the central portion of the area with mining operations will not change immediately. All developments will be in compliance with the design and development regulations of the Broadmoor Area Master Plan. Mixed-use developments will transition to various small-lot attached, detached, and multifamily homes, creating a visual and physical transition between districts and corridors. The visual character will be altered with more intense development throughout the Broadmoor area compared to Alternative 1. Implementation of Alternatives 1 and 2 will also likely result in increased light pollution (e.g., light and glare from homes, parking areas, and buildings). 5.8.3 MITIGATION MEASURES Both alternatives will comply with the City’s Comprehensive Plan and zoning regulations. The following mitigation measures should be used: • Maintain quality design in new developments by implementing and ensuring proposals are in conformance with design and development standards identified in the Broadmoor Area Master Plan in Alternative 2. • Improve the built environment through designing new structures and development per PMC. • Create a pedestrian- and transit-friendly street environment by implementing street design standards according to the Broadmoor Area Master Plan in Alternative 2 and compliance with Pasco's Complete Street Policy. • Provide for adequate parks, open space, and public facilities. • Design parks and open spaces according to the standards in the Broadmoor Area Master Plan in Alternative 2 and Draft Parks and Recreation Master Plan 2022. • Meet design standards specified in the Broadmoor Area Master Plan and the City’s residential design standards. • Protect shoreline areas according to the City’s shoreline regulations under Title 29. Page 228 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 56 December 2022 • Provide shoreline public access (physical and visual) according to the Rivershore Linkage and Amenity Plan. • Maintain design compatibility between different developments. • Implement a reclamation plan to add recreational facilities and open spaces in the gravel mining area. • Additional mitigation measures could include installation of no-glare directed or night sky compliant light fixtures, and the use of plantings and berms and other green spaces to improve viewsheds in the area. POPULATION, HOUSING, AND EMPLOYMENT 5.9.1 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT The population for the City of Pasco was 59,781 in 2010, based on the 2010 Census. The 2021 population of 78,700 is a 32% increase from the population in 2010. The City of Pasco population represents approximately 80% of the Franklin County population. According to the Office of Financial Management (OFM) estimates, the City’s population will reach 121,828 in 2038. This will be a 55% increase from the City’s 2021 population. According to the 2018-2038 Comprehensive Plan, from 2018 to 2038, the City will need to accommodate 15,217 additional housing units. Approximately 7,000 housing units are anticipated to be located in the Broadmoor area. The OFM projections for Franklin County and estimated City of Pasco populations are shown in Table 8. TABLE 8. FRANKLIN COUNTY AND CITY OF PASCO POPULATION PROJECTIONS 2010-2038 Year Franklin County Population Pasco Population Pasco % Increase 2010 78,163 59,781 -- 2021 98,350 78,700 32% 2038 152,285 121,828 55% Source: Estimated population from State of Washington Office of Financial management; City of Pasco Comprehensive Plan 2018-2038. Current housing will need to be expanded to accommodate a growing City population. Alternatives 1 and 2 provide land use zoning that enables denser housing development to accommodate a greater number of housing units and individuals. Alternative 1 maximizes the growth and density potential of the Broadmoor area by developing multiple dense areas of development. However, certain areas were pre-approved for low density residential development according to the previous land use designation. Additionally, development density designated in the gravel mining site is not expected to occur as planned. These issues will reduce the growth target anticipated in Alternative 1. Alternative 2 will update the location of residential areas to accommodate increased development capacities due to the loss of densities because of previously Page 229 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 57 December 2022 permitted low density developments and the gravel mining operation. This will maximize the growth and density potential of the area by planning for several development cluster areas connected by open space, public transportation, and a connected street pattern. Employment in the Tri‐Cities region increased from 2006 to 2015 by more than 22,000 jobs, with an average annual growth rate of 2%. There are roughly 116,000 jobs in the region. Pasco is expected to represent a large share of jobs in Franklin County in the future, as it does today (approximately 76%). Pasco’s expected employment forecast would increase by over 15,000 by 2038 for about 41,795 jobs. (City of Pasco, 2020) A significant portion of these jobs will be accommodated in the Broadmoor area. The area will add employment in the commercial and mixed-use designations in both alternatives. In Alternative 1, 67 acres of office and 50 acres of commercial uses will increase the number of jobs in Pasco. Additional jobs will be added in the mixed-use areas. In Alternative 2, 104 acres of commercial land and 370 acres of mixed-use land will increase the job base for Pasco (see Tables 1 and 2). 5.9.2 POTENTIAL IMPACTS Significant impacts associated with implementation of Alternatives 1 and 2 are the result of increased development densities associated with changed land use. Housing and employment growth are expected and would be accommodated under each alternative consistent with future population growth trends, but at varying levels. Impacts to population, housing, and employment would occur from inadequate existing facilities or insufficient future development opportunities to accommodate growth. An increase in population will require more intensified commercial, business, and other public facilities than would be possible under current development and population conditions. An intensification of urban uses and densities will increase traffic congestion, park requirements, police and fire requirements, and other public service demands and fiscal impacts. 5.9.3 MITIGATION MEASURES The following mitigation measures should be used to reduce impacts associated with population, housing, and employment: • Meet population growth targets and housing demand in new developments. • Develop adequate infrastructure. • Implement design and development standards according to the Broadmoor Area Master Plan in Alternative 2. • Maintain or ensure conformance with established minimum housing density in the Broadmoor Area Master Plan and the Comprehensive Plan. • Allow various housing types according to the Master Plan. • Train labor force consistent with job market in the area. Page 230 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 58 December 2022 • Provide easy access to employment and reduce local traffic volumes by creating a live-work environment. TRANSPORTATION This section describes the existing transportation conditions for the Broadmoor area. The general City of Pasco and Broadmoor area specific description of transportation contained herein serves as an environmental baseline for identifying possible impacts from transportation changes associated with implementation of Alternatives 1 (No Action) and Alternative 2 (Comprehensive Plan Growth Target Implementation). An overview and description of each alternative is available in Section 3. The transportation impacts of each alternative are the outcomes of the types and locations of the various land uses and their intensity. The results reflect the potential interactions and characteristics of travel behavior based on the relationships of each land use scenario, and the opportunities for multimodal and nonmotorized trips, or, single vehicle occupancy trips. The transportation analysis conducted for this effort reflects the changing conditions in the Broadmoor Area which have occurred both prior, and since the adoption of the Pasco 2018-2038 Comprehensive Plan (June 2021). The No-Action (Alternative 1) scenario is consistent with the 2018-2038 Comprehensive Plan Land Use designations, however, is inconsistent with permitted residential development that has resulted in significantly lower densities than forecasted and planned for in the 2018-2038 Comprehensive Plan. See Figure 17 for an example, which shows an area of approximately 144 acres designated as Medium Density Residential Land Use in the Comprehensive Plan, with an expected residential density of 5-6 dwellings per acre. A large portion of the area highlighted below was permitted with low-density residential development at a density of 2-3 dwelling units per acre, resulting in about a 50% decrease in density and total units. Page 231 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 59 December 2022 FIGURE 17. PREVIOUSLY APPROVED LOW DENSITY DEVELOMENT Due to the variations and differences of the forecasted and planned densities of existing development with the 2018-2038 Comprehensive Plan, Alternative 2 is not expected to increase the traffic potential more than the Alternative 1 scenario due to the following land use considerations: • Residential Uses – Although the Alternative 2 scenario accommodates broader residential density ranges (from low to medium), it does so at a higher overall density with more efficient use of lands. Alternative 1 has more residential acreage (approximately 232 more acres). It should be noted that there is existing low-density residential development that was permitted prior to the Broadmoor Master Plan completion that is not represented accurately in the existing land use table or Comprehensive Plan. The range of total residential dwellings for Alternative 2 is approximately 6,000 units. • Mixed Use, Commercial and Employment Uses – The combined mixed use, commercial, and employment uses would increase by approximately 140 acres with Alternative 2. This increase offsets the decrease in outright residential use designation and would focus a mix Page 232 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 60 December 2022 of uses (residential and commercial) in close proximity, providing for, and encouraging opportunities for short, multimodal trips. • Open Space and Reclamation – In general, these designations would support surrounding uses and would contain very limited amounts of development. 5.10.1 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT There are three main highways that connect Pasco to the surrounding area: US Highway 395, US Highway 12, and US Interstate 182. Pasco is connected to its neighboring communities by four bridges. US Highway SR-12 crosses the Snake River and allows access to Walla Walla County; the Cable Bridge crosses the Columbia River and allows access to downtown Kennewick; the Highway 395 Blue Bridge also crosses the Columbia River and connects Pasco to Kennewick; and the I-182 eastbound and westbound bridges cross the Columbia River and connect Pasco to Richland. The Broadmoor area is generally bound by Broadmoor Boulevard, Burns Road, Interstate I-182 and the Columbia River. Transportation facilities and services in and around the study area include public streets, public transit, sidewalks, and trails. These elements of the City’s transportation system are described in the following subsections. Where relevant, this review of the affected environment focuses on the existing roadway segments and intersections within and directly adjacent to the study area that may be affected by the growth targeted under the proposal. 5.10.1.1 PUBLIC STREET SYSTEM The street system provides the primary means of transportation for travel modes and trips, including driving, walking, biking, and transit in the study area. The review of the existing conditions focuses on the roadway segments and intersections that have been identified for inclusion in the analysis, encompassing federal, state, and local facilities. For the Broadmoor study area, primary transportation facilities include Interstate I-182, Broadmoor Blvd (North of I-182) and Road 100 (South of I-182), Sandifur Parkway, Burns Road, and Harris Road. This network helps connect the site to and with the rest of the community. Outside of the study area, Pasco is connected to the Tri- Cities Metropolitan Area and the surrounding region via US Highway 395, US Highway 12, US Interstate I-182 and State Route 397. Tables 9 and 10 provide a summary of public streets and intersections that may be affected by the proposal. Public transportation facilities, freight, and goods movement, and non-motorized (bicycle and pedestrian) transportation will be addressed in following subsections. Page 233 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 61 December 2022 TABLE 9. SUMMARY OF THE PUBLIC STREET SYSTEM IN THE VICINITY OF THE BROADMOOR AREA Name Type No. of Lanes Direction of Travel Connection(s) I-182 Urban Interstate 3 (6 total) East - West Broadmoor Blvd Broadmoor Blvd Collector 4 (2 turn lanes) North - South Harris Rd, Iris Ln, Dent Rd, Sandifur Pkwy, Burns Rd, Saint Thomas Dr, and Crescent Rd Burns Rd Collector 2 East - West Shoreline Rd, Kohler Road, and Dent Rd Sandifur Pkwy Collector (Broadmoor Blvd to Road 68); Minor Arterial (east of Road 68) 2 East - West Planned extension to Broadmoor Site for Alternative 1 Shoreline Rd Collector 2 North – South – East - West Burns Rd, West Court St, and Harris Rd West Court St Collector 2 East - West Shoreline Rd and Harris Rd Dent Rd Collector 2 East - West Burns Road, Byers Road, Iris Ln, Pelican Road, Goose Hollow Rd, Quail Run Rd, and Broadmoor Blvd Harris Rd Collector 2 East - West West Court St and Broadmoor Blvd Kohler Rd Not Classified 2 North - South Burns Rd, Ramsey Dr, Jayleen Way, Ricky Ct, Ricky Rd, Scenic View Dr, Hill Crest Dr Nocking Point Rd Not Classified 2 North - South Point Rd TABLE 10. SUMMARY OF THE INTERSECTION IN THE BROADMOOR AREA Intersection Method of Control Approach Description I-182 and Broadmoor Blvd Four-way signalized intersection, the intersection that connects Broadmoor Blvd to I-182 contains three on-ramps to I-182 and two off-ramps from I-182. Approach lanes from I-182 to Broadmoor Blvd are from the east and west. Harris Rd and Broadmoor Blvd Unsignalized “T” intersection with stop control. Approach lane from west on Harris Rd to Broadmoor Blvd is a one lane road. Traveling west on Harris Rd turns into Shoreline Rd. Harris Rd and Shoreline Rd None Traveling west on Harris Rd turns into Shoreline Rd. Page 234 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 62 December 2022 Shoreline Rd and Dent Rd None Traveling north on Shoreline Rd turns into Dent Rd. Dent Rd and Kohler Rd Southbound approach from Kohler Rd is unsignalized “T” intersection with stop control. Approach lane from Kohler Rd to Dent Rd is a left or right turn. Dent Rd and Burns Rd Southbound from Dent Rd to the intersection of Dent Rd and Burns Rd is unsignalized “T” intersection with stop control. Approach lane from Dent Rd to Burns Rd is a left or right turn. Burns Rd and Nocking Point Rd Southbound from Nocking Point Rd to the intersection of Nocking Point Rd and Burns Rd is unsignalized “T” intersection with stop control. Approach lane from Nocking Point Rd to Burns Rd is a left or right turn. Broadmoor Blvd and Sandifur Pkwy Three-way signalized intersection with left hand turn lanes traveling south on Broadmoor Blvd and traveling west on Sandifur Pkwy. Traveling north on Broadmoor Blvd has a free right turn. Approach lanes are from the north, south, and east. Existing Traffic Conditions The Broadmoor Master Plan area includes parcels of land owned by several independent property and business owners. The properties are situated to the North of Interstate I-182, south of Burns Road, east of the Columbia River and west of Broadmoor Blvd. The system performance evaluation applied several technical methods consistent with transportation planning practices. Traffic operations at study intersections were reported using Synchro 10 and HCM 6th Edition Methodology based on recent traffic counts and new counts collected December 2019 and January 2020. Since traffic counts are typically lower during the winter, these counts were factored to represent average traffic conditions in Pasco. Intersection geometry and traffic control types were collected using Google Street View and field verified, if necessary. Traffic signal timings were provided by both the City of Pasco and WSDOT. Signalized intersection v/c ratios were post-processed at signalized intersections based on HCM 6th Edition Chapter 192. If HCM 6th Edition results could not be reported for signals, v/c ratios were reported using HCM 2000. Mainline through movement v/c ratios were postprocessed at unsignalized intersections consistent with the Highway Capacity Manual 3 (Appendix C). Level of Service Standards and Analysis Level of Service (LOS) is a general measure of traffic operating conditions whereby a letter grade, from A to F, is assigned. These grades represent the perspective of drivers and are an indication of the comfort and convenience associated with driving as well as speed, travel time, traffic interruptions and freedom to maneuver. The Washington State Department of Transportation has Page 235 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 63 December 2022 adopted a LOS “D” standard for Highways of Statewide Significance (HSS). The Metropolitan / Regional Transportation Plan has adopted a LOS “D” standard for all non-HSS routes, such as SR 397. The City of Pasco has adopted a Level of Service (LOS) “D” or better standard for its roadways, facilities, and intersections per the 2018-2038 Comprehensive Plan. A description of these standards is included in Table 11. WSDOT has also adopted a LOS “D” standard for Highways of Statewide Significance (HSS). I-182, US 12, and US 395 are designated as HSS facilities, thus requiring all on-/off-ramp intersections for these highways to conform to the LOS “D” standard. Additionally, the Regional Transportation Plan has adopted a LOS “D” standard for all non-HSS routes, such as SR 397. The City of Pasco is consistent and supportive of the state and regional standards. TABLE 11. LEVEL OF SERVICE STANDARDS Category Definition LOS A Describes a condition of free flow with low volumes and higher speeds. Freedom to select desired speeds and to maneuver within the traffic stream is extremely high. Stopped delay at intersections is minimal LOS B Represents reasonably unimpeded traffic flow operations at average travel speeds. The ability to maneuver within the traffic stream is only slightly restricted and stopped delays are not bothersome. Drivers are not generally subjected to appreciable tensions LOS C In the range of stable flow but speeds and maneuverability are more closely controlled by the higher volumes. The selection of speed is now significantly affected by interactions with others in the traffic stream and maneuvering within the traffic stream requires substantial vigilance on the part of the driver. The general level of comfort and convenience declines noticeably at this level LOS D Represents high-density, but stable flow. Speed and freedom to maneuver are severely restricted, and the driver or pedestrian experiences a generally poor level of comfort and convenience. Small increases in traffic flow will generally cause operational problems at this level LOS E Represents operating conditions at or near the maximum capacity level. Freedom to maneuver within the traffic stream is extremely difficult, and it is generally accomplished by forcing a vehicle or pedestrian to “give way” to accommodate such maneuvers. Comfort and convenience levels are extremely poor, and driver or pedestrian frustration is generally high. Operations at this level are usually unstable, because small increases in flow or minor disturbances within the traffic stream will cause breakdowns LOS F Describes forced flow operation at very low speeds and long delays. Page 236 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 64 December 2022 Volumes exceed theoretical capacity. Vehicles may progress at reasonable speeds for several hundred feet or more, and then be required to stop in a cyclic fashion. Operations within a queue are characterized by stop and go waves and are extremely unstable (Source: Pasco Comprehensive System Plan Volume 2, 2021. Adopted from Transportation Research Board) As part of the Transportation System Master Plan (TSMP) traffic analysis (Appendix C) was performed to analyze the existing traffic patterns and operations in the study area and overall region of Pasco. A Level of Service analysis was performed for four study intersections along Broadmoor Boulevard as shown in Table 12 derived from Table 1 and Table 2 in Appendix C. All four study intersections meet the City of Pasco LOS “D” standard during the AM and PM 2-hour peak traffic periods. TABLE 12. EXISTING STUDY INTERSECTION OPERATIONS (2019 AM & PM PEAK HOURS) Intersection Mobility Standard AM Peak PM Peak Delay LOS V/C Delay LOS V/C I-182 Eastbound Ramp / Broadmoor Blvd D 17 B 0.68 21 C 0.86 I-182 Westbound Ramp / Broadmoor Blvd D 16 B 0.40 9 A 0.72 Sandifur Pkwy / Broadmoor Blvd D N/A N/A N/A 12 B 0.50 Dent Rd / Broadmoor Blvd D N/A N/A N/A 8/26 A / D 0.13 / 0.35 (Source: Pasco TSMP Existing Conditions, 2020 [Appendix C]) Traffic Volumes Traffic volumes on the City of Pasco streets are tracked by traffic counts collected at various times of the year. Traffic counts indicate that traffic volumes in the central core of the community have remained constant or in some cases have declined whereas volumes have increased in areas experiencing significant growth, such as the Interstate I-182 corridor west of US Highway 395. Page 237 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 65 December 2022 Historic records of traffic volume along Broadmoor Boulevard in the vicinity of the Broadmoor Site can be found in the City of Pasco Transportation System Master Plan. Traffic counts were collected on a weekday morning and evening during an assumed AM and PM 2-hour peak travel periods. These peak hour traffic periods were determined based on historic traffic counts and indicated that approximately 52 percent of the AM peak hour traffic occurring from 7:15 to 8:15 AM and 54 percent of the PM peak hour traffic occurring from 4:30 to 5:30 PM. Traffic volumes were found to be concentrated in the area of I-182 Interchanges with much lower traffic volumes occurring in the northern end of the traffic study area. Local Traffic Distribution Based on the Pasco TSMP, local trip distribution patterns were based on the regional travel demand model. A majority of traffic along the Broadmoor Boulevard corridor is travel between the interstate (I-182) to and from existing residential developments that are located south of the Interstate I-182 interchange and east of Broadmoor Boulevard and Sandifur Parkway. At the city level, data from the US Census Bureau and the Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics program indicated that approximately 76.6% of all residents living within Pasco City Limits were employed outside of the city. See Figure ### for an illustration. FIGURE 18: EMPLOYER HOUSEHOLD DISTRIBUTION Page 238 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 66 December 2022 Traffic Safety The City of Pasco has adopted a Local Road Safety Plan that provides data-driven collision reduction strategies to meet the Washington State Target Zero effort. To assess current traffic safety levels on the study segments and at intersections, collision data collected by the Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) was evaluated. Figure 19 shows the locations of all reported collisions on public streets between 2016-2020. Source: Pasco 2022 Local Road Safety Plan FIGURE 19: REPORTED COLLISIONS Because the Broadmoor study area is still relatively undeveloped, there is limited data on collisions within the proposal study site. Data on corridors adjacent to, and near the Broadmoor study area are provided below. The Pasco 2022 Local Road Safety Plan identified a prioritized list of roadway locations based on risk factors and collision attributes. A summary of these is provided in Table 13. Page 239 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 67 December 2022 TABLE 13. PRIORITIZED LIST OF ROADWAY LOCATIONS BASED ON RISK FACTORS Priority Type Intersection / Location Approx. Distance from Study Area* Intersection Safety N Road 68 and Burden Blvd 2.3 mi Intersection Safety N Road 68 and Sandifur Parkway 1.7 mi Intersection Safety N Road 68 and EB I-182 (WSDOT) 2.3 mi Intersection Safety Road 90 and Sandifur Parkway 1.0 mi Intersection Safety Broadmoor Blvd and Burns Road In study area Intersection Safety Broadmoor Blvd and Sandifur Parkway In study area Intersection Safety Burns Road and N Road 68 2.0 mi Intersection Safety Burns Road and Road 90 1.1 mi Corridor Safety Broadmoor Blvd (Between Sandifur Parkway and Chapel Hill Blvd) In study area Safety Study - Intersections Broadmoor Blvd and Burns Road In study area Safety Study – Corridor Broadmoor Blvd (Between Sandifur Parkway and Chapel Hill Blvd) In study area Source: 2022 Pasco Local Road Safety Plan *Measured from the Intersection of Broadmoor Blvd and Sandifur Parkway Local Transportation Characteristics Due to the limited amount of current development that exists within the Broadmoor study area, transportation characteristics for the adjacent area, and the citywide level have been provided. TABLE 14. TRANSPORTATION CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ADJACENT AREA Measurement Block Group (530210206063) Citywide Annual VMT per Household 25,637 22,776 Transit Ridership % of Workers 1% 3% Annual Transportation Costs $16,393 $14,528 Annual GHG per Household 11.79 tonnes 9.96 tonnes Source: Center for Neighborhood Technology Page 240 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 68 December 2022 The Pasco Transportation System Master Plan identified multimodal system connectivity as a challenge for new and growing areas of the city. Pasco’s existing roadway network is arranged largely on a grid system which establishes a system of arterial and collector streets. Within central Pasco and the downtown core, the existing functional classification system establishes a traditional urban arterial and collector street system that adheres to the recommended spacing standards. The roadway system in areas outside of central Pasco and the downtown core have limited opportunities for developing an arterial and collector street system and is constrained by the development style featuring longer block lengths and limited access points. The figure below illustrates intersection densities across the entire City of Pasco. The Environmental Protection Agency describes intersection density as an objective method of assessing one aspect of a community’s-built environment. The density of walkable intersections relays information about street design and connectivity, both of which impact walkability. High intersection density may correspond to a more walkable and therefore health-promoting environment. As seen in Figure 19, the intersection densities of central Pasco correspond to the results of the Transportation System Master Plan, indicating that there is more system connectivity (and access) provided for when intersection densities are higher. FIGURE 20: INTERSECTION DENSITY Page 241 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 69 December 2022 5.10.1.2 PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION SERVICES Public transportation is an integral component of the Pasco City Council, and the implementation of a multi-modal transportation system was specifically identified in the 2022-2023 Pasco City Council Goals. Ben Franklin Transit (BFT) is the public transportation system provider for the metropolitan area of Benton and Franklin Counties. Services include fixed bus-routes, Dial-A-Ride, vanpool, and general demand. In 2020, a new, on-demand service called Connect was introduced by BFT. Figure 20 below shows the fixed route bus routes and stops for the Tri-Cities Metropolitan Area for Monday-Saturday service. FIGURE 21: TRANSIT SYSTEM MAP Ben Franklin Transit operates approximately 260 individual bus stops, and five routes within the City of Pasco. These routes typically run on 30-minute headways. Routes 1 and 3 have 15-minute headways beyond 5 hours per day. Portions of Routes 225 and 268 have 15-minute headways beyond 5 hours per day, near Columbia Basin College, and along Argent from 20th Ave to Road 44. Additionally, BFT has one dedicated transit center (22nd Avenue Transit Center) located in Central Page 242 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 70 December 2022 Pasco at the intersection of 22nd Avenue and Sylvester, and numerous formal and informal park and ride locations for riders to connect with the vanpool program. Figure 22 shows BFT facilities (routes and stops) in the City of Pasco, illustrating the types of bus stops, along with current and proposed future routes. FIGURE 22: TRANSIT FACILITIES IN PASCO (ROUTES AND STOPS) The agency Comprehensive Service Plan includes an expansion of the public transportation network and features two new mobility hubs in Pasco. These mobility hubs will be located in near the central business district in Downtown Pasco, and the other within the Broadmoor study area. Figure 22 from the Ben Franklin Transit Development Plan (2020-2025) illustrates the development of a frequent service route network featuring 15 minutes frequency corridors. Page 243 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 71 December 2022 FIGURE 23: PROPOSED TRANSIT NETWORK OF FREQUENT SERVICES The Transportation System Master Plan identified two key challenges for public transportation operations: • Limited access from new residential development to transit facilities • Limited, safe crossing opportunities near transit route stops 5.10.1.3 NON-MOTORIZED TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES (BICYCLE & PEDESTRIAN NETWORK) Non-motorized Transportation (also known as active transportation) includes travel modes via walking, biking, and other variations, such as scooters, wheelchairs, and other accessibility devices. These modes provide options to travel for recreation and general transportation (they provide access to goods and activities), although users may consider a particular trip to serve both objectives. In total, the City of Pasco maintains over 360 miles of sidewalks. There are over 35 miles of walking trails in the Pasco area including both separated asphalt paths and City sidewalks. They consist of a 6.4-mile Sacajawea Heritage Trail, a one-mile trail around the Road 68 softball complex, a 6.2-mile trail along the north side of I-182, a .80-mile trail along the south side of Burden Boulevard, and a 2.2-mile trail at the cross-country course off Road 36 (Figure 23). Page 244 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 72 December 2022 FIGURE 24: SIDEWALK FACILITIES IN PASCO (2021) As noted in the Transportation System Master Plan, in many areas of the city, the transportation system does not support travel for Pasco residents without access to a private vehicle. Notable corridors (identified in the TSMP) Burns Road and Sandifur Parkway, both of which are adjacent to, and provide primary connections to the Broadmoor study area. Additionally, the following corridors were identified for not having adequate pedestrian or bicyclist connections (TSMP, Appendix A (pg. 20): Corridors without adequate pedestrian or bicyclist connections: • Court Street (Road 44 to Road 108) • Wernett Road (Road 48 to Road 76) • Argent Road (Road 48 to Road 100) • Chapel Hill Boulevard (Road 68 to Road 100) * • Burden Boulevard (Road 36 to Road 60) • Sandifur Parkway (Porto Lane to Road 90) * • Road 44 (Laredo Drive to Porto Lane) • Burns Road (Road 68 to Road 100; Dent Road to Kohler Road) * • Clark Road (Road 36 to Lentz Road/Janet Street) *Corridors with asterisk are within close proximity or adjacent to the Broadmoor study area* Page 245 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 73 December 2022 5.10.1.4 FREIGHT TRANSPORTATION The movement of freights and goods plays an important role in the transportation system of the City and the regional economy. The Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) has developed a classification system for the statewide Freight and Goods Transportation System (FGTS). This is a classification system for roadways, railways and waterways based on freight tonnage. The 2021 Freights and Good Transportation System Map for the Tri-Cities Metropolitan Area is shown in Figure 25. FIGURE 25: FREIGHTS AND GOOD TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM MAP A summary of the FGTS system in Pasco is shown in Table 15. Page 246 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 74 December 2022 TABLE 15. FGTS SYSTEM IN PASCO Route Start Location End Location Classification Ainsworth Ave & Dock Street SR 397 Sacajawea Park Road T-2 Broadmoor Blvd* I-182 Harris Road T-2 N 4th Avenue I-182/US 12/US 395 North City Limits T-2 Road 68 * I-182/US 12 North City Limits T-2 W A Street S 20th Ave S 1st Ave T-3 E Lewis Street SR 397 (Oregon Ave) US 12 T-3 * Indicates streets within close proximity or adjacent to the Broadmoor study area Figure 26 from the Transportation System Master Plan displays freight activity centers within Pasco. The map illustrates these locations and the estimated percentage of heavy vehicles on public roadways using Street Light Data from 2018. FIGURE 26: FREIGHTS ACTIVITY CENTERS Page 247 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 75 December 2022 The Big Pasco Industrial Center which is owned and managed by the Port of Pasco, can facilitate operational needs for container-handling such as a terminal for loading and unloading cargo. The terminal also has connections to truck routes and railways and provides docking, loading, and unloading of grains and petroleum barges. The City of Pasco Port-owned rail spur allows for connection to the Burlington Northern Santa Fe (BNSF) railroad. The rail industry has operated in Pasco for over a century and has classification yards located in the Big Pasco Industrial Center. The classification yards allow the railcars to be separated into blocks where they will make up trains. These trains are then used to move goods across the country. As of 2015, over 1.5 million carloads of freight are moved each year through the Pasco. 5.10.2 POTENTIAL IMPACTS 5.10.2.1 POTENTIAL IMPACTS The Broadmoor Area is currently largely undeveloped with minimal traffic services in place around the perimeter. An increase in transportation demand is expected with both alternatives and any new development in the area. New transportation facilities and improvements to existing facilities will be required to meet the needs of the increased demand and mitigate the negative impacts that can come with increased demand, i.e., an increase in congestion, noise, pollution, risk of injuries/fatalities, and inequality. A primary contributor to each of these negative impacts is a transportation system designed for automobiles that does not provide and encourage viable alternative options for individual’s transportation needs. Alternative 2 has been adapted to meet the realities of the existing conditions of the Broadmoor Area by accounting for the low-density residential development already underway. Alternative 2 is not expected to increase the traffic potential more than the Alternative 1 for the reasons stated in Section 5.10.1. The potential impacts of developing the Broadmoor Area associated with development under Alternatives 1 were assessed as part of the Pasco TSMP (Appendix C). Projected traffic conditions were forecasted using the Benton Franklin Council of Governments (BFCG) travel demand model. Projected intersection operations for Year 2040 were analyzed for Alternative 1 for the AM and PM peak hour using the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) 6th Edition capacity method. The results of this analysis indicated that in PM peak hour conditions, all four intersections fail to meet the City of Pasco and regional mobility standards. Major traffic controls will be necessary to achieve the appropriate LOS standards. An intersection operations analysis was not completed for Alternative 2. Although Alternative 2 is not expected to increase the traffic potential more than the Alternative 1 for the reasons stated in Section 5.10.1. It can be assumed that Alternative 2 will produce increased traffic potential of a similar magnitude as Alternative 1. Thus the traffic improvements applicable to Alternative 1 as Page 248 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 76 December 2022 detailed in Appendix C would be beneficial to address future traffic conditions for any development to occur in the area. 5.10.3 MITIGATION MEASURES Ensuring a well-designed, reliable, and efficient transportation system, in a mixed-use environment with appropriate density, that allows for a variety of mobility options for both motorized and non- motorized users is the best way to mitigate the potential negative impacts of increased transportation demand produced by the development of the Broadmoor Area. The Washington State Department of Transportation states “A transportation system that accommodates all forms of transportation is more efficient in the travel space provided, more accessible, safer, more economical and sustainable.” (WSDOT, 2022). The Washington State Department of Transportation’s Active Transportation Plan (WSDOT, 2021) lists the following benefits accessible active transportation • Low-cost and flexible access to services and opportunities. • Enhanced quality of life. • More livable streets and roads. • Improved personal and community health. • Increased capacity on roads due to less driving. • Reduced greenhouse gas emissions and other transportation-related pollutants. • Improved connections to other modes such as transit, ferries, and trains. • Reduced “chauffeuring” burdens, particularly for parents. • Reliable options when other modes of transportation fail. The Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations were created to define standards for the Broadmoor Area that work in coordination with the PMC, TSMP, and Council Goals. Transportation related impacts shall be mitigated by adhering to the regulations of these documents, which are summarized below. This summary is not inclusive of every applicable regulation of the above documents. The Pasco City Council 2022-2023 Goals (4182 Resolution, adopted 5/16/2022) outline the following principles relating to transportation: • Promote a high-quality of life through quality programs, services and appropriate investment and re- investment in community infrastructure including, but not limited to: o Completion of Transportation System Master Plan and design standard updates to promote greater neighborhood cohesion in new and re-developed neighborhoods through design elements, e.g.; connectivity, walkability, aesthetics, sustainability, and community gathering spaces. Page 249 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 77 December 2022 • Promote a highly functional multi-modal transportation system including, but not limited to: o Application of the adopted Transportation System Master Plan including development of policies, regulations, programs, and projects that provide for greater connectivity, strategic investment, mobility, multi-modal systems, accessibility, efficiency, and safety. The Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations outlines the following principles relating to transportation: • Encourage Pedestrian Friendly Transit Environment - Developments should consider design standards that promote walkability. • Establish a connected community with ample choices in the circulation network - Create an efficient pedestrian and vehicular circulation network within the area and with connections to the rest of the City. A public transportation system will be utilized to connect residential and commercial districts with each other as well as with the region. The Broadmoor Master Plan and Development Regulations promotes connectivity, multi-modal options, mixed-use land uses, and appropriate densities. Some of those regulations include: Connectivity • Shorter Block Lengths • Mid-block pedestrian connections • Continuous and safe bicycle and pedestrian infrastructure • Prohibit cul-de-sacs and dead-end roads • An interconnected grid block and street network Multi-Modal Options • Complete streets that include bike and pedestrian facilities • Building types and standards that promote walkability such as o bringing buildings closer to the street o concealing parking from the street o having active ground level uses and designs with windows and human-scaled features • Community Centers with public spaces, plazas, or outdoor seating. • Landscaping, lighting, and furniture that promotes walkability Mixed-Use • 370 acres of mixed-use land use which promotes walkability and “park once” multi-stop trips. Page 250 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 78 December 2022 Density • Residential and commercial densities that promote walkability. Based on the recommendations of the Pasco TSMP (Appendix C) and the City of Pasco 2023-2028 Transportation Improvement Program, it is recommended that intersection and roadway improvements and solutions be implemented to address existing and projected high-volume demand and achieve LOS standards under future growth. TSMP recommendations include: • (Broadmoor Blvd Widening I-182 Westbound Ramp Terminal to Dent Road) - Widen to 5 lanes between I-182 Westbound Ramp Terminal and Burns Road; widen to 3 lanes between Burns Road and Dent Road; install traffic signal at Broadmoor Boulevard/Burns Road and widen eastbound approach to include dedicated left and right turn lanes; install traffic signal at Broadmoor Boulevard/Dent Road • (Clark Road/Dent Road Improvements Burns Road to Road 52) - Widen to 3 lanes • (Future North-South Connection (Halfway between Broadmoor Boulevard and Dent Road) Harris Road to Dent Road) - Construct a 3-lane roadway; install two-way stop control at Future North-South Connection/Harris Road and Future North-South Connection/Dent Road; install a traffic signal at Future North-South Connection/Burns Road • (Dent Road Extension Burns Road to Harris Road) - Construct a 3-lane roadway; install a traffic signal at Dent Road/Burns Road • (Sandifur Parkway Extension - Phase 1 Road 100 to Future North-South Connection (Between Road 100 and Dent Road)) - Construct a 5-lane roadway; realign Harris Road to Sandifur Parkway Extension as 2-lane road and close the existing Harris Road/Road 100 intersection; construct a 2-lane roundabout at Sandifur Parkway Extension/Harris Road and a 1-lane roundabout at Sandifur Parkway/Future North-South Connection (Between Road 100 and Dent Road) with a westbound right turn slip lane • (Sandifur Parkway Extension - Phase 2 Future North-South Connection (Between Road 100 and Dent Road) and Shoreline) - Construct a 3-lane roadway; construct a 1-lane roundabout at Sandifur Parkway/ Dent Road; install two-way stop control at Sandifur Parkway/Shoreline • (182/Broadmoor Blvd Interchange Improvements) - Construct a 1-lane loop ramp from eastbound I-182 to northbound Road 100 within existing right of way; widen westbound approaches at I-182 westbound and eastbound ramp terminals to include dual right turn lanes • (Road 100/Sandifur Parkway Intersection Improvements) - Widen approaches as needed to construct new dual northbound left turn lanes, a westbound through lane, a channelized southbound right turn lane, and dual eastbound right turn lanes; widen to add an additional southbound receiving lane on Road 100 between Sandifur Parkway and the old Harris Road intersection Page 251 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 79 December 2022 • (Broadmoor Park and Ride Location) - Construct a park-and-ride facility in the Broadmoor Area Figures 27 and 28 indicated proposed road and bike network in the Broadmoor area for Alternative 2. FIGURE 27: PROPOSED ROAD NETWORK Page 252 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 80 December 2022 FIGURE 28: PROPOSED ENHANCED BIKE NETWORK The following projects were included in the City of Pasco 2023-2028 Transportation Improvement Plan (4194 Resolution, adopted 6/20/2022): • I-182/Broadmoor Blvd I/C Improvements – This project will add an eastbound deceleration lane and exit loop ramp from I-182 to a new roundabout at Broadmoor Blvd (Road 100). • I-182/Broadmoor Blvd I/C Multiuse Pathway/Bridge – This project provides bicycle and pedestrian facilities across I-182 at Broadmoor Blvd/Road 100 through the construction of a bridge. • Broadmoor Blvd Improvements – This project will widen Broadmoor Blvd to 5 lanes from I- 182 Westbound Ramp to Burns Road. This project is under consideration for Tax Increment Financing (TIF). Large commercial and residential developments in the area have driven the need for infrastructure improvements to accommodate the increase in vehicular and pedestrian traffic. • Buckingham Dr Extension & Signal – This project will install a traffic signal at the intersection of Buckingham Drive and Broadmoor Boulevard and extend Buckingham Drive, as a 3-lane commercial collector, west of Broadmoor Boulevard to the extension of Dent Road. A portion of this project is under consideration for Tax Increment Financing (TIF). • Burns Rd/Broadmoor Blvd Intersection Improvements – This project will install a traffic signal at the intersection of Burns Road and Broadmoor Blvd. Sidewalks and any necessary ADA improvements will be included. Page 253 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 81 December 2022 • Burns Rd Widening – This project will widen Burns Road to be a 3-lane minor arterial and include sidewalk and multi-use pathway. • Dent Rd Extension – This project will extend Dent Road, as a 3-lane commercial collector, from Burns Road to the extension of Sandifur Parkway and install a traffic signal at Dent Road and Burns Road intersection. This project will provide a connection between the extension of Sandifur Parkway and Burns Road through the proposed Medium & Low Density Residential land use zones of the Broadmoor Area and will connect these residential zones to the Mixed Residential/Commercial Zone and Burns Road. It will also connect the residential developments north of Burns Road to the commercial services of the Broadmoor area as they develop. • Harris Rd / Crescent Rd Overpass – This project will construct an overpass over I-182 to connect Harris Road and Crescent Road. This project will connect the communities north and south of I-182 and relieve some of the demand at Broadmoor Boulevard and the I-182 interchange. • New Road 103 – This project will construct a north-south oriented 2-lane neighborhood collector road from Harris Road to Burns Road. It will include street parking and sidewalks. This project will provide a connection between Burns Road and Harris Road through the proposed Commercial and Mixed Residential/Commercial land use zones of the Broadmoor Area. • New Road 105 – This project will construct a north-south oriented 2-lane neighborhood collector road from Harris Road to Burns Road. It will include street parking and sidewalks. This project will provide a connection between Burns Road and Harris Road through the proposed Commercial and Mixed Residential/Commercial land use zones of the Broadmoor Area. • New Road 108 – This project will construct a north-south oriented 3-lane minor arterial road from Harris Road to Burns Road. It will include a multi-use pathway and sidewalk. A portion of this project is under consideration for Tax Increment Financing (TIF). This project will provide a connection between the Harris Road and Burns Road through the proposed Commercial and Mixed Residential/Commercial land use zones of the Broadmoor Area, providing an important resource to spur development. • New Road (Bridger Rd) – This project will construct an east-west oriented 2-lane neighborhood collector road from new Road 108 to new Road 103 south of Sandifur Parkway. It will include street parking and sidewalks. This project will provide a connection between new Road 108 and Road 103 in the proposed Commercial and Mixed Residential/Commercial land use zones of the Broadmoor Area. • Sandifur Pkwy Improvements & Extension – This project will improve and expand Sandifur Parkway from Bedford Street to Broadmoor Boulevard and extend Sandifur from Broadmoor Boulevard to Shoreline Road. A portion of this project is under consideration for Tax Increment Financing (TIF). Page 254 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 82 December 2022 • Sandifur Pkwy/Broadmoor Blvd Intersection Improvements – This project will improve the intersection of Sandifur Parkway and Broadmoor Boulevard to meet the capacity and multimodal needs for future development in the Broadmoor area. This project is under consideration for Tax Increment Financing (TIF). This project will extend Sandifur Parkway through the proposed Commercial and Mixed Residential/Commercial land use zones of the Broadmoor Area, providing an important resource to spur development and then extend on to Shoreline Road. • Shoreline Rd Realignment – This project will study the possible realignment of Shoreline Road from Shoreline Court to Burns Road. A planning analysis, environmental study, and preliminary design will be included. Shoreline Road, in its current location, does not allow for an efficient or effective use of property along an important stretch of the shoreline. Realignment to the east will provide for additional riverfront land for development. The realignment is anticipated as part of a larger private development. The street design of these projects will incorporate comfortable bicycle and pedestrian facilities and be designed to encourage and accommodate a walkable mixed-use neighborhood, which, when properly executed, increases access to services, catalyzes economic growth, maintains or increases property values, enhances connectedness and the quality of life of its residents and visitors. In addition to the above listed projects, other measures will need to be evaluated such as • construction of additional local access streets to meet connectivity standards, • enhanced access points and protected pedestrian crossings at key uses like schools and parks • additional intersection improvements The following mitigation measures are recommended to best accommodate bike and pedestrian travel within the Broadmoor site as part of future development: 1. Including multiuse pathways separated from the roadway on arterials and select collectors. 2. Including roadways with built-in bicycle lanes on collectors and select local access streets. 3. Painting of bike lanes on roadways. 4. Ensuring that walkways are continuous and unobstructed. 5. Protected pedestrian-friendly intersections and crossings that minimize crossing distance, are well designated, lit, and signalized, and meet ADA design standards. Design considerations such as raised crossings, pedestrian head starts at signalized intersections, and curb bulbs should be evaluated. Page 255 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 83 December 2022 6. Pedestrian scaled signage, lighting, landscaping and other pedestrian amenities such as benches, trashcans, etc. should be incorporated into the public ROW and private development to promote walkability. Page 256 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 84 December 2022 PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES Thise section identifies existing conditions related to the Broadmoor area’s water resources and includes descriptions of domestic water, sewer, stormwater, irrigation water, and reclaimed water resources. This section serves as an environmental baseline for identifying possible impacts associated with the proposed alternatives. Additional detail regarding existing and planned public services and utilities can be found in the City of Pasco 2021 Comprehensive Sewer Plan Addendum (City of Pasco, 2021), City of Pasco Comprehensive Water System Plan (City of Pasco, 2019), and City of Pasco Comprehensive Plan 2018-2038 (City of Pasco, 2020). 5.11.1 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT Development in the Broadmoor area associated with Alternatives 1 and 2 would require extension of public services and utilities to newly developed areas consistent with existing infrastructure and planned infrastructure expansion requirements in accordance with applicable local, state, and federal laws and regulations. 5.11.1.1 PUBLIC SERVICES The City of Pasco provides various public services to its residents in protection of life, property, and resources, and to promote educational and recreational opportunities. The City of Pasco owns and maintains numerous facilities and equipment on behalf of fire protection and emergency services and well as for public education and parks and recreation. These services are currently provided and managed in accordance with existing plans, policies, and through community involvement. Current plans and policies strive to project and accommodate for future needs and development, including projected development at the Broadmoor area. 5.11.1.2 FIRE PROTECTION AND EMERGENCY SERVICES The levels of service provided for fire protection and emergency services are assessed as part of the Pasco Fire Department Emergency Services Master Plan. ThePasco Fire Department (PFD) provides fire suppression, advanced life support, emergency medical services, ambulance transport services, technical rescue services, and hazardous materials services (through a regional partnership) to its service area community. The PFD, through a contract with the Port of Pasco, also provides Aircraft Rescue and Firefighting services to the Pasco airport (City of Pasco, 2020). Furthermore, the Emergency Services Master Plan assesses future community conditions, service demands, and fire protection risks based on projected community growth and interpretation of the associated impacts on emergency service planning and delivery. Recommendations are outlined to address projected development and population growth and increased systems demands through short-term, mid-term, and long-term strategies (Pasco Fire Department, 2016). Page 257 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 85 December 2022 As indicated in the Emergency Services Master Plan, increased demand for emergency services at the Broadmoor area is expected along with development of the area. The current service map is shown in Figure 29. (Source: City of Pasco, 2022) FIGURE 29. PASCO FIRE DEPARTMENT CURRENT SERVICE AREA BY RESPONSE Based on the assessment provided in the Emergency Services Master Plan, the recommendations in Table 16 were made to support increased service demands, to improve communication pathways, and to ensure efficient use of resources: Page 258 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 86 December 2022 TABLE 16. CITY OF PASCO EMERGENCY SERVICES MASTER PLAN RECOMMENDATIONS Component Recommendation(s) Organizational, Management & Economic Conditions • Consider implementation of improvements in hydrant flow testing, resource deployment, and staffing to achieve a Public Protection Class 4 rating. • Review and update all regulatory documents on at a least a 3-year cycle. • Ensure the sensitive files are properly secured. • Redesign or relocate administrative offices to provide adequate space for occupants and allow for separation from operational areas. • Develop a plan that ensures all administrative functions to have a “back-up” provider. Emergency Medical Services (EMS) • Complete existing efforts that combine emergency communication from both Franklin and Benton Counties into a single Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP). • Deploy a shared agency Peak Activity Unit (PAU) during periods of increased EMS demand to be staffed by multiple Tri-Cities area fire departments promoting response efficiency and cost effectiveness. • Consider alternative deployment options to meet increased service demands, including consideration of a shared agency Alternative Response Unit (ARU). • Standardize EMS purchases of equipment and supplies through a group purchasing and distribution model. • Consider the practice of a flat rate utility fee structure in support of ambulatory services. • Perform an update of the ambulance utility cost analysis and cost of service regularly. • Deploy the use of a Smartphone application that notifies CPR trained individuals of Sudden Cardiac Arrest incidents. Hazardous Materials & Technical Rescue • Maintain a comprehensive inventory of the PFD-owned and/or maintained equipment. • Establish and maintain minimum staffing requirements for hazardous materials technicians and the Technical Rescue Team. • Perform periodic reviews of the City of Pasco’s financial responsibility and a cost to benefit analysis for the participation in regional hazardous material response and technical rescue efforts. • Request that the Franklin County emergency manager coordinate a Commodity Flow Study for the City of Pasco and other stakeholders. Airport Impacts • Ensure PFD incident commanders and pertinent personnel are familiar with and have working knowledge of the Pasco Tri-Cities Airport Emergency Plan and have regulator interactions with airport personnel and terminal tenants. Training • Construct or acquire access to a centrally located fire training center, develop a common training manual for Tri-Cities fire agencies, and define outcomes for required training. Fire Prevention • As part of construction plan review and inspection, ensure commercial tenant improvement applications are reviewed, conduct tours of large building projects during construction, and distribute a summary of active construction project to PFD personnel. • Develop a comprehensive Community Risk Reduction plan. • Create procedures for developing pre-incidents and establish associated goals and objectives for completion of such plans. Page 259 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 87 December 2022 Component Recommendation(s) • Complete formalization of the fire investigation and incident analysis process. • Expand upon the current database of all “maximum” or “significant” facilities in the PFD service area. • Identify all non-facility risks including transportation systems and extreme weather conditions and develop associated target response plans for high level risks. • Develop and publish a PFC specific Standards of Cover. • Consider conducting a strategic plan at the conclusion of the master planning process. Capital Assets & Assessment of Current Infrastructure Station 81 • Relocate the administrative offices out of Station 81. • Consider co-locating the administration with a new fire station designed to accommodate both a functioning fire station and the administrative offices. • Remodel Station 81 to convert the existing administrative offices into more living quarters. Station 82 • Evaluate exterior wall cracks to determine potential settling issues. • Interior dividing wall in apparatus bay impedes rapid turnout by crews. Breaching this wall to facilitate rapid turnout should be explored. • Complete the installation of the apparatus exhaust system slated for 2017. • Focus on facility security as required by FAA regulations. Station 83 • Relocate Station 83 with additional training room and additional living space. Station 84 • Consider temporary use of this facility for deployment of a peak activity unit. • Relocate Station 84 as per recommendations in the Service Delivery & Performance section. Service Delivery & Performance • Improve street networks for improved response time performance in areas where compliance is not achieved due to poor circulation (such as east-west of State Route 395). • Add Emergency Vehicle Preemption technology to signalized intersections for improved response times. (Source: Pasco Fire Department, 2016) As urban level development occurs in both alternatives, the police and fire services will need to be extended to the Broadmoor area. The 2016 Pasco Emergency Services Master Plan proposes a reconfiguration of stations and an extended service area as shown in Figure 30. Additional station locations need to be determined in the northwest area of the City. Page 260 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 88 December 2022 (Source: City of Pasco, 2022) FIGURE 30. PASCO FIRE DEPARTMENT LONG-TERM STRATEGY – PROPOSED STATIONS A majority of the Broadmoor area falls within the current service area of the PFD. As part of recommendations made as part of the Emergency Services Master Plan as shown in Table 13, more efficient service and support of increased service demands could be provided to the Broadmoor area with the proposed five staffed station deployment as shown in Figure 30. Law enforcement services for the City are provided by the City Police Department. Unincorporated areas of the UGA are served by the County Sheriff. The City and County law enforcement agencies cooperate readily when the need arises. As the population increases, additional patrol districts and mini-stations will be established to maintain quality service levels (City of Pasco, 2020). 5.11.1.2.1 Schools As of 2019, the Pasco School District reportedly served 17,891 students, an increase of 14% since 2011. As of 2019, the Pasco School District owns and operates 15 elementary schools serving grades K-6, one elementary school serving grades K-2, and one elementary school serving grades 3-6. There are also three middle schools, two high schools, and one alternative high school in the district. The schools that currently serve the majority of the Broadmoor area (based on school Page 261 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS City of Pasco Page 89 December 2022 boundaries) are Markham Elementary School, McLoughlin Middle School, and Chiawana High School (Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction, 2018; Pasco School District, 2016). One of the most significant issues facing the Pasco School District is providing classroom capacity to accommodate existing and project demands. Steady residential development within the district, including the Broadmoor area, results in increased classroom capacity demands and necessary improvements to serve the forecasted growth. Under the Supreme Court’s McCleary decision and recent changes implemented by the State Legislature to address this decision, state-wide funding for K-12 basic education has increased in recent years. Although funding has continued to increase as the result of the McCleary decision, improvements and classroom capacity are still needed to address existing and projected demands (Pasco School District, 2016). In both alternatives, the need for school sites, buildings, and supporting facilities will continue to grow as population expands. The City continues to work with the school district to ensure that the impacts of development on the school district are minimized. The school district currently owns about 70 acres directly north of the Broadmoor area. The school district continues to assess the need for and location of schools. 5.11.1.2.2 Parks and Recreation The City of Pasco Parks and Recreation Department provides physical facilities and operates a variety of programs to facilitate parks and recreational opportunities to meet the community’s needs. This includes the establishment of a neighborhood park system and other park facilities, providing organized recreation programs for all age groups, and performing maintenance to maximize the service life of existing parks and recreation facilities. Figure 29 shows the location of community and neighborhood parks, large urban and regional parks, and trails and other special use areas that service Pasco. Within Broadmoor area, the USACE property abutting the Columbia River is designated as Open Space. Additional open space land owned by USACE exists along the proposed Sandifur Parkway extension. Alternative 1 indicates open space near the tailwater pond, which is not functional due to the change in irrigation management. Alternative 2 designates the gravel mining area as Reclamation that will be available as part of the reclamation plan once the mining operation ceases. This area may be developed with recreational opportunities and related low intensity developments. Page 262 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS Hansen Design Page 90 May 2022 (Source: City of Pasco, 2020) FIGURE 31. CITY OF PASCO EXISTING PARKS AND RECREATION MAP Page 263 of 355 Broadmoor Area Non-Project Draft EIS Hansen Design Page 91 May 2022 In both alternatives, additional population in the Broadmoor area will result in the need for additional park and recreational facilities. The City is developing a Park, Recreation, and Open Space Plan that will assess the need for additional park land to serve the Broadmoor area. Currently, the Comprehensive Plan anticipates 50 acres of land needed for parks and recreational facilities. 5.11.1.5 UTILITIES The City of Pasco current infrastructure provides potable water, reclaimed water, irrigation water, and treatment of wastewater (e.g., sanitary sewer and stormwater). The City of Pasco provides water and sewer services to the City’s residents by operating a water filtration plant, a water distribution and storage system, and a wastewater collection system and treatment facility. Taxes, utility rates, fees, and grants provide the necessary resources to maintain operation of these facilities and, when necessary, expand infrastructure and facilities. Existing infrastructure would need to be upgraded to meet increasing demands associated with projected population increases and associated development. 5.11.1.3.1 Domestic Water The City of Pasco’s most important utility service is to provide safe drinking water to its citizens. This includes ensuring the availability of the water to urban level residential, commercial, and industrial growth. Some of this water is used in fire suppression systems that help mitigate structure fires. The City has an advanced storage and distribution system that includes two water treatment plants, pump stations and pipelines, and three water reservoirs. These systems currently serve the City limits and a portion of the UGA. (City of Pasco, 2020) The City currently holds surface water rights for 13,269.25 acre-feet of annual withdrawal and 20,149 gallons per minute (gpm) (29 million gallons per day [MGD]) of instantaneous withdrawal from the McNary Pool of the Columbia River. As defined in the Comprehensive Water System Plan (CWSP), the City is currently in compliance with water right quantities by borrowing the surplus from the Quad Cities water right, at a current consumption of 14,424 acre-feet by volume and 18,456 gpm instantaneous. The City also holds individual groundwater rights sourced by various wells for separate irrigation purposes (City of Pasco, 2019). The river water is treated in two treatment plants before supplying potable water to users: • Butterfield Water Filtration Plant – capacity 26.8 MGD • West Pasco Water Treatment Plant (WPWTP) – 6 MGD with capital improvements planned to expand system capacity to 18 MGD The City of Pasco has been divided into three service zones for supplying water through their water distribution system. Service Zone 1 is located just south of I-182 and west of the railroad yard. Service Zone 2 is located to the east of the railroad yard, the southern portion of the airport and a Page 264 of 355 Broadmoor Area Non-Project Draft EIS Hansen Design Page 92 May 2022 strip south of I-182 between Service Zone 1 and Service Zone 3. Service Zone 3 is located approximately north of I-182 and includes most of the northern part of the city (City of Pasco, 2019). The Butterfield Water Filtration Plant is the main domestic water supply provided by the City of Pasco. The water supply for the Butterfield Water Filtration Plant is from the Columbia River. This plant was built and placed in service in 1948 and is located at A Street and 12th Avenue in Pasco. The plant’s maximum supply capacity is 26.8 MGD and the maximum treatment capacity is 34.2 MGD. The plant utilizes conventional filtration including coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, and filtration. Chlorine gas is used as the primary disinfectant, and aluminum sulfide and polymer are used for coagulation. Improvements and upgrades are planned as part of capital projects as outlined in the Comprehensive Water System Plan (City of Pasco, 2019). The WPWTP is located near West Court Street and I-182. The WPWTP was completed in phased construction that was initiated in 2009 and the plant went operational in 2011 (City of Pasco, 2019). This facility is a Pressure Membrane Direct Micro-Filtration Plant. The current capacity of the plant is 6 MGD and is designed for expansion up to 18 MGD in 6 MGD increments. The WPWTP is planned for further expansion to reach full treatment capacity of 18 MGD (USACE, 2014). Expansion and operation and maintenance of current water treatment and storage facilities is pertinent to meeting the water supply demands of continued development and increasing population. Table 17 indicates the projected water treatment system demands for the City of Pasco based on the Comprehensive Water System Plan (City of Pasco, 2019). TABLE 17. CITY OF PASCO PROJECTED WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM DEMANDS Year Projected Supply Residential Consumption Non-Residential Consumption Othera (MG/yr) (MGD) (MG/yr) (MGD) (MG/yr) (MGD) 2014b,c 4,598 12.6 2,484 6.8 1,952 5.3 162 2022d 5,360 14,7 2,896 7.9 2,276 6.2 188 2027d 6,092 16.7 3,291 9.0 2,586 7.1 214 2036d 7,289 20.0 3,938 10.8 3,095 8.5 256 a Distribution system leakage b Residential and non-residential consumption ratios were calculated from 2014 consumption data. c 2014 estimates were based on measured data. dFuture projections were calculated using the 2014 ratios (residential/non-residential water use). (Source: City of Pasco, 2019) Pump stations and booster stations supply the water system from the Butterfield Water Filtration Plant and WPWTP. The City of Pasco pump and booster stations include: • Eastside Booster Station – 6 pumps, 100 Total Dynamic Head (TDH) Page 265 of 355 Broadmoor Area Non-Project Draft EIS Hansen Design Page 93 May 2022 • Riverview Heights Booster Station – 5 pumps, 162 TDH • Broadmoor Boulevard Booster Station – 3 pumps, 188 TDH • Butterfield High Service Pumping Station – 5 pumps, 230 TDH • WPWTP High Service Pumping Station – 2 pumps, 205 TDH • Buren/Road 36 Booster Station – 2 pumps, 150 TDH • Note: TDH based on Certified Performance Curve The City of Pasco’s water storage system consists of three reservoirs located throughout the water service area in addition to the storage capacity of the Butterfield Water Filtration Plant and the WPWTP (Figure 30). The three existing reservoirs are: • Riverview Heights reservoir – 10 MG • Road 68– 2.5 MG • Broadmoor Boulevard reservoir – 1 MG Additional water storage reservoirs are being planned as part of capital improvement projects . The water distribution system consists of more than 330 miles of water main ranging in size ranging from 2-inch to 36-inch in diameter, 6 booster stations, and 20 pressure reducing valve (PRV) stations. (Source: City of Pasco GIS. 2022) FIGURE 32. BROADMOOR AREA MAJOR WATER SERVICE MAP Page 266 of 355 Broadmoor Area Non-Project Draft EIS Hansen Design Page 94 May 2022 The Broadmoor area will be served by the WPWTP and reservoirs at Broadmoor Boulevard and Harris Road. Portions of the Broadmoor area fall outside the areas currently serviced by the City’s domestic water system. The City of Pasco domestic water supply lines and service will need to be expanded concurrent with development of the Broadmoor area associated with Alternatives 1 and 2. The existing domestic water treatment and collection systems will likely be able to support the increased demand associated with phased development in the short term. However, as the City of Pasco is projected to continue to grow in population and future development is planned, existing water treatment and collection systems will not be adequate to meet to the increased demand over the long term. Planned capital projects such as expansion of the WPWTP and improvement of the Butterfield Water Filtration Plant will aid in meeting these increasing demands. 5.11.1.3.2 Sanitary Sewer The City of Pasco owns and operates a wastewater collection and treatment system to facilitate domestic wastewater management for the community. The City’s sewer system includes a gravity collection and conveyance system, a wastewater treatment plant, 14 sewer lift stations, and approximately 270 combined miles of gravity collection and force main pipes (City of Pasco, 2021). The Waste Water Treatment Plant was constructed in 1954, and was upgraded multiple times after that with the latest update occurring in 2016 and 2017. This system is operated under a NPDES Permit issued by Ecology. The sewer service area policies are defined in Titles 03, 13, 14 and 16 of the PMC. Additionally, the City of Pasco’s 2021 Comprehensive Sewer Plan Addendum (City of Pasco, 2021) analyzes the current wastewater collection and treatment system to determine deficiencies and plan for future capabilities to meet the needs of projected population growth. The current and proposed sewer facilities for the City of Pasco are shown in Figure 25. Page 267 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS Hansen Design Page 95 May 2022 Based on the analysis of systems as part of the Comprehensive Sewer Plan, the following findings were identified: • The current collection system is in good condition and has the capacity to meet current and future needs with few system upgrades and improvements over the planning period. • The current condition of the existing wastewater treatment plant is good. The plant continues to perform well and has the capability to expand current processes to meet future flow and regulatory requirements. A facility plan for upgrades and expansion of the facility is nearing completion with a series of improvements planned for the immediate future. • The wastewater flows assessed for the planning period are within the current capacity of the wastewater treatment plant. However, 10-year planning period Peak Hour Flow (PHF) analysis indicates that significant gravity main capacity deficiencies are anticipated as a result of the projected 10-year and 20-year growth. This would need improvements. • Expansion of the collection system in the Broadmoor area can be accommodated by the existing collection system and wastewater treatment plant to serve future service areas not currently served or developed. The City of Pasco plans to provide sewer services to the areas that are currently not served. Through the local improvement district (LID) process, the City is able to provide sewer service to areas that currently do not have sewer services. Sewer service will also be expanded as necessary to accommodate new development, such as development under the alternatives for the Broadmoor area. The Broadmoor area is encompassed by the Broadmoor Boulevard Interceptor and North Court Street Area basins as shown in Figure 37 of the 2014 Comprehensive Sewer Plan (City of Pasco, 2014). Based on the analyses, the Broadmoor Boulevard Interceptor basin and North Court Street basin are projected to have increased population and flow over time. The current sewer collection system and wastewater treatment plant have the capacity to serve the Broadmoor area development under Alternatives 1 and 2, with minimal improvements or upgrades; however, sewer lines would need to be extended concurrent with development (City of Pasco, 2014; City of Pasco, 2007). Currently, sewer infrastructure is being extended to serve the southern portion of the Broadmoor area. Figure 31 indicates proposed extension of services in the Broadmoor area as of March 2022. Page 268 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS Hansen Design Page 96 May 2022 FIGURE 33. BROADMOOR AREA PROPOSED SEWER SERVICE MAP Page 269 of 355 Broadmoor Area Non-Project Draft EIS Hansen Design Page 97 May 2022 Reclaimed water is supplied as part of the primary wastewater treatment plant completed in 1954. Since completion of the primary wastewater treatment plant, the City of Pasco has been actively discharging treated wastewater in the Columbia River watershed. The City’s secondary-treated effluent wastewater is recycled into the Columbia River. This recycled water is used for multiple purposes such as domestic (public water supply), non-domestic (irrigation, industrial use, hydropower generation), and environmental (maintaining in-stream flows, fish habitat, etc.) (City of Pasco, 2019). This secondary-treated effluent discharge meets the standards as set forth in WAC 173-201A, Water Quality Standards for Surface Waters of the State of Washington. As stated in the City of Pasco’s Comprehensive Sewer System Plan, “In compliance with Class A (Excellent) surface water criteria, the wastewater effluent from the treatment plant avoids any potential restrictions to downstream uses and avoids the high capital and operating costs associated with additional treatment, pumping, and transport needed to support direct reuse of treated effluent” (City of Pasco, 2014). Additionally, industrial wastewater from food processors is treated by land application in City-owned agricultural farm circles. 5.11.1.3.3 Irrigation Water Non-potable irrigation water in the City of Pasco is provided by Franklin County Irrigation District (FCID) for properties along the I-182 corridor. The FCID provides irrigation water to approximately 7 square miles of land within the Pasco UGA. The FCID is a municipal corporation whose mission is to provide irrigation to farm fields and to urban areas and residential properties. The FCID irrigation water is supplied from the Columbia River by a series of pumps, lift stations, canals, and trunk lines. The FCID has ample water rights to serve future development. New subdivisions served by the FCID irrigation water must install irrigation lines, and subsequent FCID system expansion will be implemented concurrently with development. The City’s existing irrigation system is supplied by water from 11 groundwater wells and water pumped from the Columbia River and distributed via 135 miles of PVC, ductile iron, and steel distribution pipes ranging from 3 to 24 inches in diameter. The City of Pasco irrigation system does not provide service to the majority of the Broadmoor area. Both the FCID and City’s irrigation system could be extended to provide irrigation waters to the Broadmoor area. Domestic water and irrigation systems should be kept separate and expanded concurrently with developments. The City of Pasco Irrigation System Master Plan (2013) outlines recommendations for improvements to wells and the irrigation system and opportunities for further planning and study, which includes short-term and long-term improvements and planning for areas near or at the Broadmoor area. Also, because much of the land in the Broadmoor area is currently in agricultural use where irrigation is already provided via existing irrigation systems or private water wells, irrigation water is available to accommodate future development. Connection to the City’s Water Utility from private water systems or wells may require transfer of the owners’ Page 270 of 355 Broadmoor Area Non-Project Draft EIS Hansen Design Page 98 May 2022 water rights to the City if the owners’ intent is to relinquish use of the private wells (City of Pasco, 2013; City of Pasco, 2007). 5.11.1.3.4 Stormwater The City of Pasco manages stormwater runoff through a storm sewer system, catch basins, infiltration galleries, collection ponds, on-site collection and dissipation systems, and grassy swales along roadways. Older stormwater systems located in the southeastern portions of the City convey roadway runoff to outfalls. There is ongoing effort to retrofit those systems to on-site stormwater management systems and eliminate outfalls. Currently and for the foreseeable future, the City of Pasco requires development to mitigate the effects of stormwater collection, which reduces the need for an extensive storm sewer system. All new developments and redevelopments are required to design and install stormwater systems that retain runoff on site for the established design storm event. Development of the Broadmoor area for Alternatives 1 and 2 will require on-site management of stormwater collection. On-site stormwater collection should be implemented by project and may utilize on-site catch basins, infiltration galleries, collection ponds, on-site collection and dissipation system, grassy swales, or other acceptable methods, which function such that stormwater does not leave the project or development, function effectively, and avoid impacts to the Columbia River or native wetlands or riparian areas. 5.11.2 POTENTIAL IMPACTS Development of the Broadmoor area based on Alternatives 1 and 2 will enable the City of Pasco to further accommodate a growing and projected City population. Planning, funding, and construction of utilities and public service facilities concurrent with development are crucial to meeting the demand of projected growth. Implementation of both Alternatives 1 and 2 will require additional public services and utilities infrastructure necessary to facilitate expansion of services to new development. The City of Pasco’s population, UGA and utility service area, and flow demands are projected to increase in the next 20 years (City of Pasco, 2020). Current emergency, fire, parks, and recreational services and facilities would need to be modified, expanded, and considered as part of development to meet the community’s needs. The City of Pasco’s main water service distribution and transmission system has adequate capacity and pressure to provide for the required flows under existing and future conditions. In undeveloped and partially developed areas there is currently inadequate fire service and/or domestic water service. The current domestic water treatment facilities need to be expanded to meet future peak demands. These demands could be accommodated at the WPWTP. At this time, water quality is high without the need for additional treatment. The 2014 Comprehensive Sewer Plan and the Page 271 of 355 Broadmoor Area Non-Project Draft EIS Hansen Design Page 99 May 2022 2021 Addendum for the City of Pasco recommend continued development of the water system mapping with associated hydraulic modeling and water usage demand information to better design and plan for future needs. Additionally, the 2019 Comprehensive Water System Plan outlines the planned future capital improvements to address other water system deficiencies. These capital improvements include upgrades and expansion of existing water treatment plants and water lines and piping, replacement of existing water lines, expansion of water storage through new reservoirs, and performance of various water studies (City of Pasco, 2019). The capital facilities and future service piping projects for the development of the Broadmoor area are shown in Table 18. This is provided only with available data, and the actual cost of the entire area is expected to be higher, different, and/or subject to change. TABLE 18. CITY OF PASCO WATER SYSTEM CAPITAL IMPROVEMENT PROJECTS Capital Facilities Estimated Cost ($) Water West Pasco Water Treatment Plant expansion – Phase 1 and 21 2,700,000 West Pasco Water Treatment Plant expansion upgrade1 910,000 New Storage Reservoir: 3.5 MG - Zone 31 7,469,000 Water transmission line (Transmission Main from West Pasco Water Treatment Plant to Broadmoor area) - 24 in2 3,221,000 Water transmission line (Transmission Main from West Pasco Water Treatment Plant to Broadmoor area) - 18 in2 1,985,000 Backbone Transmission Main (12,16,24 inch) 2 6,961,000 3,174,000 4,832,000 Subtotal 31,252,000 Sewer West Broadmoor Sewer Main3 6,116,000 West Broadmoor Lift Station3 2,935,000 Sewer trunk line from Sandifur Parkway Extension to Desiree Street 4,598,000 Regional/Broadmoor Area Lift Station (includes the force main) 2 3,500,000 Gravity Sewer Main – Extension of Harris Rd Sewer2 9,169,000 Gravity Sewer Main – Regional Lift Station Basin2 8 inch 5,315,000 12 inch 7,138,000 15 inch 6,167,000 Subtotal 44,938,000 Street, Park, and Fire Improvements Harris Road/Road 1084 9,909,450 Sandifur Parkway Extension from Broadmoor Boulevard to future 7,363,350 Page 272 of 355 Broadmoor Area Non-Project Draft EIS Hansen Design Page 100 May 2022 Capital Facilities Estimated Cost ($) Road 1084 Sandifur Parkway Extension from future Road 108 to future Dent Road4 5,146,450 Broadmoor Boulevard improvements4 2,676,300 Broadmoor Intersections4 1,927,000 Future Buckingham Drive4 4,804,900 Burns Road from Broadmoor Boulevard to future Road 1084 2,718,950 Burns Road from future Road 108 to future Dent Road4 2,725,750 Harris Road extension and east west road between Harris Road and Road 1084 7,274,850 Subtotal 44,547,000 I-82 Loop Ramp4 6,000,000 Parks5 6,100,000 Fire Station5 500,000 Subtotal 9,900,000 Total 143,237,000 Sources: 1. Pasco Comprehensive Water System Plan 2019 2. Technical memorandum from Murraysmith on November 18, 2019; updated January 6, 2020 – 6 year planning horizon; this includes an expanded study area outside of the Broadmoor boundary 3. City of Pasco 2021 Comprehensive Sewer Plan Addendum 4. Tax Increment Financing estimates from the City 5. Pasco CIP 2020- 2025 Funding for capital projects is obtained through utility rates and applicable grants and loans. Ecology issues grants and loans such as the Centennial Clean Water Fund Grant that helps with the costs of design, acquisition, construction, and improvement of water pollution control facilities and related activities. These grants and loans are to ensure that the water pollution control facilities meet state and federal requirements for the protection of water quality. Future funding for these grants and loans cannot be reliably forecasted. Also, Ecology administers low-interest loans and loan guarantees such as a state revolving fund loan. These loans are used for wastewater pollution control projects and are available at low interest rates. The potential impact for the City of Pasco is whether they can show they have a water quality need, a facility plan for water quality treatment, and ability to repay a loan through a dedicated source of funding and conform to other state and federal requirements. Property taxes and/or services and utility user fees implemented by the City government could be considered by voters with voter-approved initiatives or levies. Such voter-approved levies or property tax increases could aid in supporting operating costs and other expenses such as Page 273 of 355 Broadmoor Area Non-Project Draft EIS Hansen Design Page 101 May 2022 construction, maintenance, and operation of domestic water collection and treatment and other expanded utility services. Obtaining capital funding by such means is limited by voters who may not authorize additional fees or increase in existing fees or property taxes. The City is also assessing ways to finance projects with tax revenue, bonds, and TIF. 5.11.3 MITIGATION MEASURES The City of Pasco could mitigate current public services and infrastructure limitations that may impact development associated with both alternatives by the following measures: • Use current capital funds to expand City infrastructure to bring services and utilities to sites of planned development in the Broadmoor area. This would enable developers to concurrently expand and provide services and utilities as part of planned development. • Expand and modify current emergency and fire services to address areas currently underserved to meet necessary response time requirements and services provided. • Promote the incorporation of neighborhood parks and recreational facilities and infrastructure as part of design and evaluation of proposed projects at the Broadmoor area. • Ensure equitable park access based on the current City standards of a ¼-mile to ½-mile walking or biking distance from park access points that is roughly the equivalent of a 10- minute walk. • Obtain grants or loans, or increase taxes and fees, or TIF financing to fund additional capital projects that provide the necessary resources to maintain current operation of existing water treatment facilities and expansion of the City’s infrastructure. • Expand or make improvements to the existing domestic water treatment and distribution facilities. This will help with current and future demand as well as fire safety provisions. This could include further development of the WPWTP to expand the system’s current capacity. Expansion of the WPWTP would also reduce the impact of the City’s water dependency on a single water treatment plant. Page 274 of 355 Broadmoor Area Non-Project Draft EIS Hansen Design Page 102 May 2022 HISTORIC AND CULTURAL RESOURCES This section describes existing historical and cultural resources for the Broadmoor area. Cultural sites within the area demonstrate previous systems of land use, including habitation, subsistence, and spirituality practiced by the region’s Native peoples. Settlement in this area was sparse throughout the nineteenth century. During the early 1900s, Euro-American population increased, and farmers moved into Pasco and began irrigating the land, leading to increased farming. Columbia Point South contains extensive amounts of historic artifacts. The southern part of the Broadmoor area is located directly opposite Columbia Point South and is culturally sensitive. This area contains sand dunes that are also culturally sensitive and are located along the Franklin bank of the Columbia River. Due to the proximity of the river, the fishing settlements, and the location of the sand dunes, it can be inferred that this area is culturally sensitive to the local Native Tribes such as the Yakama Indian Nation, Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation, Nez Perce Tribe, and Wanapum. 5.12.1 AFFECTED ENVIRONMENT Northwest Anthropology LLC (NWA) conducted a file and literature search for the Broadmoor area (see Appendix B). NWA reviewed the WISAARD database, Franklin County Historical Museum, historical maps, ethnographic sources, and local literature sources. A search of the WISSARD database was conducted to identify all sites within 1 mile of the Broadmoor area to better understand the types of sites that might found within the Broadmoor area. Based on this review, no sites were identified directly within the Broadmoor area. Thirteen archaeological sites fall within a mile of the Broadmoor project boundary; some sites fall in Benton County, while others are in Franklin County. Eight of these sites are in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP)-eligible Tri-Cities Archaeological District and Hanford South Archaeological District. One site within a mile of the Broadmoor area is in the Hanford South District. This district has never been selected as an eligible candidate for the NRHP but has not been recently updated in WISAARD, so its NRHP eligibility is unknown at this time. The 13 sites within the 1-mile radius contain a combination of lithics, shell, burials, irrigation pipes, and one designated as a field camp. One historic site located within a mile of the Broadmoor area shows a history of farming, indicating a great deal of historic ground disturbing activity. 5.12.2 POTENTIAL IMPACTS Generally, the potential for impacts to cultural resources is proportional to the intensity of development. The greater the horizontal and vertical extent of ground disturbance, the more likely that a development will impact archaeological materials, historic structures, or traditional cultural Page 275 of 355 Broadmoor Area Non-Project Draft EIS Hansen Design Page 103 May 2022 properties. Several existing laws and regulations govern the identification and treatment of cultural resources. These include: • Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act and its implementing regulations at 36 CFR 800, which apply to projects that are federally funded or approved. • Governor’s Executive Order 05-05, which applies to projects that use State of Washington capital funds. • RCW 27.53 (Archaeological Sites and Records), which prohibits the unpermitted removal of archaeological materials and establishes a permitting process. • RCW 27.44 (Indian Graves and Records), which describes how human remains must be treated. • PMC Historic Preservation Title 20 regulates historic sites for “identification, evaluation, designation, and protection of designated historic and prehistoric resources.” Given these laws and regulations, it is likely that any impacts to significant cultural resources would have to be mitigated, in consultation with Native American Tribes and the Department of Archaeology and Historic Preservation (DAHP). Archaeological or historical materials could be found within the Broadmoor area as part of development planned under both alternatives. Unrecorded archaeological sites could be affected in these areas. 5.12.3 MITIGATION MEASURES • Because the WISAARD predictive model indicates that the entire Broadmoor area ranges from High Risk to Very High Risk, an archaeological survey is advised due to the possibility that artifacts could be found. The City should comply with applicable laws and regulations regarding impacts to cultural resources. Section 106, Executive Order 05-05, and RCW 27.53, among others, require impacts to cultural resources to be mitigated. Mitigation is developed on a project-by-project basis, in consultation with Native American Tribes, DAHP, and other interested parties. • Furthermore, it is recommended that the City of Pasco prepare an Unanticipated Discovery Plan, with additional consideration for the disturbance of Native and European burials, and to begin notification and consultation efforts. Page 276 of 355 Broadmoor Area Non-Project Draft EIS Hansen Design Page 104 May 2022 REFERENCES 16 U.S.C.703-711, “Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918,” United States Code, as amended. 33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq., “Federal Water Pollution Control Act (Clean Water Act),” United States Code, as amended. 40 CFR 50, “National primary and secondary ambient air quality standards,” Code of Federal Regulations, as amended. 50 CFR 10.13, “List of migratory birds,” Code of Federal Regulations, as amended. 50 CFR 17.11, “Endangered and threatened wildlife,” Code of Federal Regulations, as amended. 50 CFR 17.12, “Endangered and threatened plants,” Code of Federal Regulations, as amended. Allaboutbirds.org. (2022). https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Sagebrush_Sparrow/maps-range#, accessed online on June 27, 2022. Anchor QEA. (2015). Franklin County and City of Pasco Shoreline Master Program Update: Shoreline Inventory Analysis, and Characterization Report. Franklin County, Washington. Ben Franklin Transit Authority. (2017). 2017-2022 Transit Development Plan. Richland, WA. Available online at: https://www.bft.org/assets/1/6/2017-2022-tdp.pdf. Accessed July 2018. BirdLife International. (2016). Athene cunicularia. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T22689353A93227732. Available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016- 3.RLTS.T22689353A93227732.en. Accessed June 2018. Cassola, F. (2016). Dipodomys ordii (errata version published in 2017). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T6691A115083268. Available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T6691A22229045.en. Accessed June 2018. City of Pasco (2021). City of Pasco 2021 Sewer Plan Addendum City of Pasco (2020). City of Pasco Comprehensive Plan 2018 – 2038, Volume II City of Pasco. (2019). Comprehensive Water System Plan Update. Pasco, Washington. City of Pasco, 2021. Jacob Gonzalez, City Planner, estimate of shrub steppe habitat within Broadmoor Area "Columbia River Flood Basalts." Columbia River Flood Basalts. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Apr. 2015. <http://volcano.oregonstate.edu/book/export/html/486>. Page 277 of 355 Broadmoor Area Non-Project Draft EIS Hansen Design Page 105 May 2022 Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ). (1997a). Environmental Justice Guidance Under the National Environmental Policy Act. Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ). December 10, 1997. Available online at: http://ceq.hss.doe.gov/nepa/regs/ej/justice.pdf CEQ. (1997b). Considering Cumulative Effects Under the National Environmental Policy Act. Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ). January 1997. CEQ. (2010). Draft NEPA Guidance on Consideration of the Effects of Climate Change and Greenhouse Gas Emissions. February 18, 2010. Available online at: https://ceq.doe.gov/docs/ceq-regulations-and-guidance/20100218-nepa-consideration- effects-ghg-draft-guidance.pdf. CEQ. (2014). Revised Draft Guidance on Federal Departments and Agencies on the Consideration of the Effects of Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Climate Change in NEPA Reviews. December 24, 2014. Available online at: https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2014/12/24/2014-30035/revised-draft- guidance-for-federal-departments-and-agencies-on-consideration-of-greenhouse-gas. CEQ. (2016). Final Guidance for Federal Departments and Agencies on Consideration of Greenhouse Gas Emissions and the Effects of Climate Change in National Environmental Policy ct Reviews. August 1, 2016. Available online at: https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2014/12/24/2014-30035/revised-draft- guidance-for-federal-departments-and-agencies-on-consideration-of-greenhouse-gas. Ecology (2019). Stormwater Management Manual for Eastern Washington, August 2019. Washington State Department of Ecology, Water Quality Division, Publication 18-10-044. Available online at: https://apps.ecology.wa.gov/publications/documents/1810044.pdf. Accessed: December 23, 2021 EO 09-05, “Washington Leadership on Climate Change,” Executive Order, Office of the Governor, State of Washington. EPA. (2018), EPA National Menu of BMPs for storm water. Available online at: https://www.epa.gov/npdes/national-menu-best-management-practices-bmps- stormwater#edu. Accessed June, 2018. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). (1990). Flood Insurance Rate Maps for Area No. 53004406758 and 53004406908. Available online at: https://msc.fema.gov/portal/search. FHWA-PD-94-023. (1994). The National Bicycling and Walking Study - Transportation Choices for a Changing America; Final Report. Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. Page 278 of 355 Broadmoor Area Non-Project Draft EIS Hansen Design Page 106 May 2022 Franklin Country. (2008). Franklin County Growth Management Comprehensive Plan, Resolution Number 2008-089. Franklin County, Washington. Franklin Country. (2016). Economic Development Plan, Resolution Number 2016-211. Franklin County, Washington. Grolier, M.J. & Bingham, J.W. (1978). Bulletin No. 71: Geology of Parts of Grant, Adams, and Franklin Counties, East-Central Washington. Prepared for the Washington State Division of Geology and Earth Resources. 1978. Lyerla, J.M. (1991). Hydrogeologic Data for the Smith Canyon Area Franklin County. Washington. Water Resources Program Washington Department of Ecology. Spokane, Washington. February 1991. Accessed online at: https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/publications/publications/oftr9107.pdf. McCormick. (2015). Bird of the month: Sagebrush sparrow. Available online at: https://eastsideaudubon.org/corvid-crier-stories-2015-04/bird-of-the-month-sagebrush- sparrow-artemisiospiza-nevadensis. Accessed June 2018. Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). (2006). Soil Survey of Franklin County, Washington. Available online at: https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_MANUSCRIPTS/washington/WA021/0/franklin.pdf Accessed June 2018. Oregon State University. (2012). Columbia River Flood Basalts. Available online at: http://volcano.oregonstate.edu/columbia-river-flood-basalts. Accessed June 2018. Palmer, S.P, Magsino,S.L., Bilderback, E.L., Poelstra, J.L., Folger, D.S., & Niggemann, R.A. (2004a). Liquefaction Susceptibility and Site Class Maps of Washington State, By County: Map 11A – Franklin County Liquefaction Susceptibility. Washington State Department of Natural Resources, Sheet 21 of 78. Palmer, S.P, Magsino,S.L., Bilderback, E.L., Poelstra, J.L., Folger, D.S., & Niggemann, R.A. (2004b). Liquefaction Susceptibility and Site Class Maps of Washington State, By County: Map 11B – Franklin County NEHRP Site Class. Washington State Department of Natural Resources, Sheet 22 of 78. Pasco Fire Department. (2016). Emergency Services Master Plan. Pasco Fire Department, City of Pasco, Pasco, Washington. Available online at: https://www.pasco-wa.gov/155/Fire- Department. Accessed September 2018. PMC 12.36, “Concurrency.“ Pasco Municipal Code. Page 279 of 355 Broadmoor Area Non-Project Draft EIS Hansen Design Page 107 May 2022 RCW 36.70A.035 [23], “Growth Management – Planning by selected counties and cities: Definitions – Wetland.” Revised Code of Washington. RCW 36.70A.070, “Growth Management – Comprehensive Plans – Mandatory elements.” Revised Code of Washington. RCW 70.235, “Greenhouse gas emissions reductions—Reporting requirements.” Revised Code of Washington. Saskatchewan Ministry of Environment. (2014). Ord’s Kangaroo Rat Survey Protocol, Fish, and Wildlife Branch Technical Report No. 2014-18. 3211 Albert Street, Regina, Saskatchewan, 7 pp. US Fish & Wildlife Service (2022). https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/species/3855#rangeInfo Information on Burrowing Owl, accessed on June 27, 2022. WAC 173-62, “Motor Vehicle Noise Performance Standards,” Washington State Administrative Code. WAC 173-160, “Minimum Standards for Construction and Maintenance of Wells,” Washington Administrative Code. WAC 173-160-381, “What are the standards for decommissioning a well,” Washington Administrative Code. WAC 173-201A-010, “Water quality standards for surface waters of the State of Washington: Purpose,” Washington Administrative Code. WAC 173-442, “Clean Air Rule,” Washington Administrative Code. WAC 183-201A, “Water Quality Standards for Surface Waters of the State of Washington,” Washington Administrative Code. WAC 197-11, “SEPA rules.” Washington Administrative Code. WAC 197-11-164. “SEPA rules: Planned actions – Definition and criteria,” Washington Administrative Code. WAC 197-11-201, “SEPA rules: SEPA/GMA integration,” Washington Administrative WAC 197-11- 235, “SEPA rules: SEPA/GMA integration documents,” Washington Administrative Code. WAC 197-11-444, “SEPA rules: Elements of the environment,” Washington Administrative Code. WAC 232-12, “Fish and wildlife, Department of (Wildlife),” Washington Administrative Code. WDFW Policy POL-M-6001. Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife. Page 280 of 355 Broadmoor Area Non-Project Draft EIS Hansen Design Page 108 May 2022 WDFW. (2017). Available at: https://wdfw.wa.gov/sites/default/files/2021- 10/statelistedcandidatespecies_10132021.pdf. Accessed: December 23, 2021. WDFW. (2018a). Priority Habitats and Species (PHS) on the web. Available online at: https://wdfw.wa.gov/conservation/endangered/status/SE/. Accessed June, 2018. WDFW. (2018b). Mike Ritter, WDFW biologist, site survey of Broadmoor Area, performed July 2018. WDFW, 2021. Mike Ritter, WDFW biologist, estimate of shrub steppe habitat within Broadmoor Area WDFW, 2022. Aerial imagery and GIS analysis completed by Mike RItter, WDFW, in coordination with the City of Pasco to confirm existing shrub-steppe habitat within the Broadmoor area WSDOT , 2022. Complete Streets. Available at: https://wsdot.wa.gov/construction- planning/complete-streets. Accessed: November 3, 2022 WSDOT , 2021. Washington State Active Transportation Plan, 2020 and beyond. Available at: https://wsdot.wa.gov/sites/default/files/2021-12/ATP-2020-and-Beyond.pdf. Accessed: November 3, 2022 Page 281 of 355 Broadmoor Area Non-Project Draft EIS Hansen Design Page 109 May 2022 APPENDICES Appendix A: Natural Resources Conservation Service Hydric Rating for the Broadmoor Project Area Appendix B: (Cultural and Historic Resources) A Literature Review of the 1,600-2,000 Acre Area in the Northwest Portion of Pasco for the Broadmoor Area Non-Project Environmental Impact Statement Appendix C: City of Pasco Transportation System Master Plan (TSMP) Draft Page 282 of 355 Draft – Broadmoor Area Non-Project EIS Hansen Design Page 110 May 2022 Page 283 of 355 AGENDA REPORT FOR: City Council February 21, 2023 TO: Adam Lincoln, Interim City Manager City Council Workshop Meeting: 2/27/23 FROM: Angela Pashon, Assistant City Manager Executive SUBJECT: Resolution - Rescinding an Emergency Proclamation I. REFERENCE(S): Draft Resolution II. ACTION REQUESTED OF COUNCIL / STAFF RECOMMENDATIONS: Discussion III. FISCAL IMPACT: NA IV. HISTORY AND FACTS BRIEF: On February 29, 2020, Washington State Governor Jay Inslee signed a Proclamation declaring a State of Emergency existed in all counties in the State due to the number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the state and directed that the plans and procedures of the Washington State Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan be implemented. The City Manager initiated the City’s Continuity of Operations Plan in March 2020 in response to the threat COVID-19 represented to the community and reported to the Mayor of the City of Pasco that a state of emergency existed within the City based upon the spread of COVID-19 within Washington State. The Pasco Municipal Code (PMC) 2.55.010 authorizes the Mayor to proclaim in writing the existence of a civil emergency when circumstances demand immediate action to preserve public health. In the judgment of the Mayor and City officials, it was deemed necessary at the time that extraordinary measures were needed to protect the public health, safety, and welfare of Pasco residents, it was undetermined if these measures would go beyond the capability of local Page 284 of 355 resources. Resolution No. 3946 ratified the Emergency Proclamation; the Emergency Proclamation expiration was not linked to the Governor's State of Emergency and therefor would require Council action to rescind it. Washington’s Governor announced that the Washington State COVID -19 State of Emergency and related emergency orders that were still in effect would be rescinded by October 31, 2022. V. DISCUSSION: The draft resolution (attached) would rescind the City's Emergency Proclamation related to Covid-19. Three City Emergency Orders require a written order to rescind including: • Resolution No. 3972 - Ratifying the Emergency Order No. 2020-007 relating to Temporary Changes to Outdoor Seating; • Resolution No. 4024 - Ratifying the Emergency Order no. 2020-004.2 Relating to Extending Temporary Expansion of Administrative Paid Leave for City of Pasco Staff; and • Resolution No. 4025 - Ratifying the Emergency Order No. 2020-005.3 relating to Extending Temporary Change in Leave Policies. All other Emergency Orders expired based on the State's orders/restrictions. Staff recommends approval at the March 6, 2023 Regular Council meeting. Page 285 of 355 Resolution – Rescinding Emergency Proclamation for COVID-19 - 1 RESOLUTION NO. _________ A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY OF PASCO, WASHINGTON RESCINDING RESOLUTION NO. 3946 RATIFYING THE EMERGENCY PROCLAMATION SIGNED BY MAYOR MARTINEZ ON MARCH 16, 2020, PROCLAIMING A CIVIC EMERGENCY WITHIN THE CITY OF PASCO AND RESCINDING ALL OTHER RESOLUTIONS IMPLEMENTING EMERGENCY ORDERS BASED ON RESOLUTION NO. 3946. WHEREAS, on January 31, 2020, the United States Department of Public Health and Human Services Secretary Alex Azar declared a public emergency for COVID -19 beginning on January 27, 2020; and WHEREAS, on February 29, 2020, Washington State Governor Jay Inslee signed a Proclamation declaring a State of Emergency exists in all counties in the State due to the number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the state and directed that the plans and procedures of the Washington State Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan be implemented; and WHEREAS, the City Manager has initiated the City’s Continuity of Operations Plan in response to the threat COVID-19 represents to the community and has reported to the Mayor of the City of Pasco that a state of emergency exists within the City based u pon the spread of COVID19 in Washington State; and WHEREAS, PMC 2.55.010 authorized the Mayor to proclaim in writing the existence of a civil emergency when circumstances demand immediate action to preserve public health; and WHEREAS, Washington’s Governor announced that the Washington State COVID-19 State of Emergency and COVID-19 emergency orders that were still in effect would be rescinded by October 31, 2022; and WHEREAS, Resolution No. 3946 is no longer needed to preserve the public health, safety, and welfare of the City of Pasco; and WHEREAS, resolutions remaining in effect that implemented Emergency Orders based on Resolution No. 3946 are no longer needed as well. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PASCO, WASHINGTON: That Resolution No. 3946 attached hereto as Exhibit A, and all other resolutions implementing Emergency Orders based on Resolution No. 3946 remaining in effect attached hereto as Exhibit B are hereby rescinded. Be It Further Resolved, that this resolution will take effect immediately. Page 286 of 355 Resolution – Rescinding Emergency Proclamation for COVID-19 - 2 PASSED by the City Council of the City of Pasco, Washington, on this ___ day of _____, 2023. _____________________________ Blanche Barajas Mayor ATTEST: APPROVED AS TO FORM: _____________________________ ___________________________ Debra Barham, CMC Kerr Ferguson Law, PLLC City Clerk City Attorneys Page 287 of 355 RESOLUTION NO. 3946 A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF PASCO, WASHINGTON; RATIFYING THE EMERGENCY PROCLAMATION SIGNED BY MAYOR MARTINEZ ON MARCH 16, 2020, PROCLAIMING A CIVIC EMERGENCY WITHIN THE CITY OF PASCO AS A RESULT OF THE SPREAD OF COVID-19 IN BENTON AND FRANKLIN COUNTIES. WHEREAS, on January 31, 2020, the United States Department of Public Health and Human Services Secretary Alex Azar declared a public emergency for COVID-19 beginning on January 27, 2020; and WHEREAS, on February 29, 2020, Washington State Governor Jay Inslee signed a Proclamation declaring a State of Emergency exists in all counties in the State due to the number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the state and directed that the plans and procedures of the Washington State Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan be implemented; and WHEREAS, on March 13, 2020, President Donald Trump declared a national emergency due to the spread of COVID-19 in the United States; and WHEREAS, the City Manager has initiated the City's Continuity of Operations Plan in response to the threat COVID-19 represents to the community and has reported to the Mayor of the City of Pasco that a state of emergency exists within the City based upon the spread of COVID- 19 in Washington State; and WHEREAS, PMC 2. 55.010 has authorized the Mayor to proclaim in writing the existence of a civil emergency when circumstances demand immediate action to preserve public health; and WHEREAS, the United States Center for Disease Control and Prevention identifies the potential public health threat posed by COVID-19 as high, and has advised that person-to-person spread of COVID-19 will continue to occur; and WHEREAS, in the judgment of the undersigned, extraordinary measures are required to protect the public health, safety, and welfare of Pasco residents and may go beyond the capability of local resources. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PASCO, WASHINGTON: That all City officials, their agents and representative are hereby authorized and directed to undertake all action necessary or desirable from time to time to carry out the emergency proclamation, Exhibit A; all act pursuant to the authority of the proclamation to its date are hereby ratified; and Resolution: Proclamation Declaring an Emergency - 1 EXHIBIT A Page 288 of 355 Be It Further Resolved, that this resolution shall take effect immediately upon it passage and approval. PASSED by the City Council of the City of Pasco, Washington this 16th day of March, 2020. Saul Martinez Mayor ATTEST: Debra Barham, CMC City Clerk Resolution: Proclamation Declaring an Emergency - 2 APPROVED AS TO FORM: X-ef'uson Law, PLLC Attorney Page 289 of 355 EXHITIB A P, X1 61WWY_1_11111V4 WHEREAS, on January 31, 2020, the United States Department of Public Health and Human Services Secretary Alex Azar declared a public emergency for COVID-19 beginning on January 27, 2020; and WHEREAS, on February 29, 2020, Washington State Governor Jay Inslee signed a Proclamation declaring a State of Emergency exists in all counties in the State due to the number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the state and directed that the plans and procedures of the Washington State Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan be implemented; and WHEREAS, on March 13, 2020, President Donald Trump declared a national emergency due to the spread of COVID-19 in the United States; and WHEREAS, the City Manager has initiated the City's Continuity of Operations Plan in response to the threat COVID-19 represents to the community and has reported to the Mayor of the City of Pasco that a state of emergency exists within the City based upon the spread of COVID-19 in Washington State; and WHEREAS, PMC 2.55.010 has authorized the Mayor to proclaim in writing the existence of a civil emergency when circumstances demand immediate action to preserve public health; and WHEREAS, the United States Center for Disease Control and Prevention identifies the potential public health threat posed by COVID-19 as high, and has advised that person-to-person spread of COVID-19 will continue to occur; and WHEREAS, in the judgment of the undersigned, extraordinary measures are required to protect the public health, safety, and welfare of Pasco residents and may go beyond the capability of local resources. NOW, THEREFORE, IT IS HEREBYPROCLAIMED AS FOLLOWS. 1. Emergency Declaration A civil emergency exists within the City of Pasco, Washington, as a result of the spread of COVID-19 in Benton and Franklin Counties. PMC 2.55.010(1)(c) provides for the Mayor to declare an emergency when circumstances demand immediate action to preserve public health. The outbreak of COVID-19 and the effects of its extreme risk of person- to-person transmission throughout Washington State can significantly impact the life and health of those living and working in Pasco, as well as continuity of operations and government at the City, and is a public emergency that affects life, health, property, or the public peace. 2. Emergency Powers. The Mayor or his designee(s) are hereby authorized to utilize all emergency powers and authority set forth in RCW 38.52.070 and PMC 2.55.020, including, without limitation, the right to enter into contract, employ temporary workers and incur obligations without regard to time-consuming procedures and formalities prescribed by law except mandatory constitutional requirements). This Proclamation of Emergency shall be presented to City Council for ratification as soon as practicable, in accordance with PMC 2.55.010(2). 3. State and Federal Assistance. The Mayor or his designee(s) are hereby authorized to request all available state and federal assistance necessary to respond to this emergency. Saul Martinez, Mayor City of Pasco SIGNED, this _Day of March, 2020. Page 290 of 355 RESOLUTION NO. 3972 A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY OF PASCO RATIFYING THE EMERGENCY ORDER RELATING TO NO. 2020-007 TEMPORARY CHANGES TO OUTDOOR SEATING IN C-1, C-2 AND C-3 ZONES. WHEREAS, on January 31, 2020, the United States Department of Public Health and Human Services Secretary, Alex Azar, declared a public emergency for the novel coronavirus COVID-19) beginning on January 27, 2020; and WHEREAS, on February 29, 2020, Governor Jay Inslee signed a Proclamation declaring a State of Emergency exists in all counties in the State of Washington due to the number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the state and directed that plans and procedures of the Washington State Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan be implemented; and WHEREAS, beginning on March 11, 2020, the President of the United States, Donald J. Trump, directed the Federal Government to take numerous emergency measures to address the unprecedented nature of this public health crisis, including restrictions on all foreign travel outside United States of America due to the number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the United States; and WHEREAS, on March 16, 2020, Mayor Saul Martinez proclaimed the existence of a civil emergency pursuant to PMC 2.55.010; and WHEREAS, on March 17, 2020, the Department of Public Health of Benton and Franklin County announced the first local case of COVID-19; and WHEREAS, as the COVID-19 emergency worsens, there is an increasing likelihood that City residents, employees, and visitors will be exposed to the virus; and WHEREAS, on March 15, 2020, Governor Jay Inslee announced the temporary closure of all restaurants statewide, except for take -away and delivery orders; and WHEREAS, the economic disruptions to restaurants caused by COVID-19 have placed a sudden and severe financial strain on many restaurants and will increase the likelihood of restaurants struggling to meet existing financial commitments and remain open during and after the COVID-19 crisis; and WHEREAS, the City of Pasco has determined that restaurants may more fully accommodate patrons by utilizing outdoor spaces under the Governor's Safe Start Plan, including adjacent sidewalks and parking areas assigned to that business; and WHEREAS, a civil emergency pursuant to PMC 2.55.010 continues to exist. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PASCO, WASHINGTON: Resolution — Ratifying Emergency Order No. 2020-007 — Outdoor Seating EXHIBIT B Page 291 of 355 Be It Resolved, that the City Council confirms and ratifies Emergency Order 2020-007 related to Temporary Changes to Outdoor Seating in C-1, C-2 and C-3 Zones as presented in Exhibit A, attached hereto, and Be It Further Resolved, that this Resolution take effect the date Emergency Order 2020- 007 was signed by the Mayor of Pasco, Washington. PASSED by the City Council of the City of Pasco, Washington this 6t" day of July, 2020. Saul Martinez Mayor ATTEST: APPROVED AS TO FORM: Debra Barham, CMC Kerr aw, PLLC City Clerk City Resolution — Ratifying Emergency Order No. 2020-007 — Outdoor Seating Page 292 of 355 Pasco OFFICE OF THE MAYOR • (509) 545-3404 • FAX (509) 545-3403 P.O. Box 293 • 525 North 31d Ave. • Pasco, WDA 99301 Emergency Order No. 2020-007 Outdoor Seating EXHIBIT A www.pasco-wa.gov WHEREAS, on January 31, 2020, the United States Department of Public Health and Human Services Secretary, Alex Azar, declared a public emergency for the novel coronavirus COVID-19) beginning on January 27, 2020; and WHEREAS, on February 29, 2020, Governor Jay Inslee signed a Proclamation declaring a State of Emergency exists in all counties in the State of Washington due to the number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the State and directed that plans and procedures of the Washington State Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan be implemented; and WHEREAS, beginning on March 11, 2020, the President of the United States, Donald J. Trump, directed the Federal Government to take numerous emergency measures to address the unprecedented nature of this public health crisis, including restrictions on all foreign travel outside United States of America due to the number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the United States; and WHEREAS, on March 16, 2020, Mayor Saul Martinez proclaimed the existence of a civil emergency pursuant to PMC 2.55.010; and WHEREAS, on March 17, 2020, the Department of Public Health of Benton and Franklin County announced the first local case of COVID-19; and WHEREAS, on March 15, 2020, Governor Jay Inslee announced the temporary closure of all restaurants statewide, except for take -away and delivery orders; and WHEREAS, the economic disruptions to restaurants caused by COVID-19 have placed a sudden and severe financial strain on many restaurants and will increase the likelihood of restaurants struggling to meet existing financial commitments and remain open during and after the COVID-19 crisis; and WHEREAS, the City of Pasco has determined that restaurants may more fully accommodate patrons by utilizing outdoor spaces under the Governor's Safe Start Plan, including adjacent sidewalks and parking areas assigned to that business; and WHEREAS, a civil emergency pursuant to PMC 2.5 5.010 continues to exist. NOW, THEREFORE, I, Saul Martinez, Mayor of the City of Pasco, ORDER under the emergency powers granted to me under the Proclamation of Emergency that: Emergency Order No. 2020-007 — Outdoor Seating Page 293 of 355 1. The above recitals are true and correct in all respects; and 2. The City of Pasco shall allow sidewalk/cafd seating in the C-1; C-2 and C-3 Zoning Districts and any portions of the Pasco Municipal Code that would require suspension in order to comply with this Order, are hereby suspended. The City Manager is hereby authorized to use his discretion to implement this Order, generally under the following conditions: a. Sidewalk/cafd seating plan shall be approved by the City of Pasco Community & Economic Development Department. b. Off-street parking areas adjacent and dedicated for restaurants may be fenced off to provide additional seating, provided the area shall not exceed one -hundred percent (100%) of the interior seating space of the restaurant. Required off-street parking may be reduced by fifty percent (50%) during the duration of this Emergency Order. c. Handicapped parking stalls shall not be used for patron seating. d. Fences shall be no more than 42" high, and shall be decorative metal. e. Furnishings (tables/seating) shall be a durable material and complementary to the decorative fencing. Fencing and furnishings shall not be permanently affixed to the sidewalk. Fencing and furnishings shall be adequately weighted to prevent tipping. f. Clear access for pedestrians of at least 6' shall be maintained along sidewalk corridors at all times. g. Maintenance of all allowed fencing and furnishings shall be the responsibility of the business owner/applicant. h. Additional outdoor lighting and/or signage in conjunction with the outdoor seating may be allowed. i. Curbside pick-up zones shall be maintained within 500' of each restaurant. 3. This Order shall be in effect until rescinded by written order. DATED this 2 day of Jul 2020. aul 1Vlartinez, Mayor Attest: C. 'K40WW_ Debra Barham, CMC City Clerk Emergency Order — Outdoor Seating Page 294 of 355 RESOLUTION NO. 4024 A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY OF PASCO, WASHINGTON, RATIFYING THE EMERGENCY ORDER NO. 2020-004.2 RELATING TO EXTENDING TEMPORARY EXPANSION OF ADMINISTRATIVE PAID LEAVE FOR CITY OF PASCO STAFF. WHEREAS, on March 16, 2020, Mayor Saul Martinez proclaimed the existence of a civil emergency pursuant to PMC 2.55.010 due to the COVID-19 emergency, which has caused a world-wide pandemic; and WHEREAS, the purpose of the emergency order allows the City, including its businesses and community members, to continue to conduct business, ensuring that the safety of everyone is secured, while maintaining the needed services for all; and WHEREAS, the Pasco Municipal Code Section 2.55.020 (2) states that any such emergency) orders shall, at the next regular or special meeting of the City Council, following thedatetheordersareissued, be presented to the City Council for ratification and confirmation by resolution of the City Council and if not so ratified and confirmed, shall be of no further effect. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PASCO, WASHINGTON: That the City Council confirms and ratifies Emergency Order 2020-004.2 related to the extending Temporary Expansion of Administrative Paid Leave for City of Pasco Staff as presented in EXHIBIT A, attached hereto, and Be It Further Resolved that this Resolution takes effect the date Emergency Order 2020- 004.2 was signed by the Mayor of Pasco, Washington. PASSED by the City Council of the City of Pasco, Washington this 4th day of January, 2021. Saul Martinez Mayor ATTEST: Debra Barham, CMC City Clerk APPROVED AS TO FORM: BS Kerr F guy P City Attorney Resolution — Ratifying EO No. 2020-004.2 — Paid Administrative Leave Page 295 of 355 Clty of co OFFICE OF THE MAYOR • (509) 545-3404 • FAX (509) 545-3403 P.O. Box 293 •525 North 31 Ave. • Pasco, WA 99301 www.pasco-wa.gov Emergency Order No. 2020-004.2 Extending Administrative Authority of City Manager for the Purposes of Paid Administrative Leave WHEREAS, on January 31, 2020, the United States Department of Public Health and Human Services Secretary, Alex Azar declared a public emergency for the novel coronavirus COVID-19) beginning on January 27, 2020; and WHEREAS, on February 29, 2020, Governor Jay Inslee signed a Proclamation declaring a State of Emergency exists in all counties in the State of Washington due to the number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the state and directed that plans and procedures of the Washington State Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan be implemented; and WHEREAS, beginning on March 11, 2020, the President of the United States, Donald J. Trump, directed the Federal Government to take numerous emergency measures to address the unprecedented nature of this public health crisis, including restrictions on all foreign travel outside United States of America due to the number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the United States; and WHEREAS, on March 16, 2020, Mayor Saul Martinez proclaimed the existence of a civil emergency pursuant to PMC 2.55.010; and WHEREAS, on March 17, 2020, the Department of Public Health of Benton and Franklin County announced the first local case of COVID-19; and WHEREAS, as the COVID-19 emergency worsens, there is an increasing likelihood that City residents will be exposed to the virus; and WHEREAS, it is essential, to reduce the community spread of COVID-19, that any employee determined to have a credible exposure to or suspected contraction of COVID-19 not report to City facilities; and WHEREAS, existing personnel and leave policies do not contemplate an epidemic of this nature and may not sufficiently deter such employees from reporting to City facilities; and WHEREAS, Emergency Order 2020-004, Expanding Administrative Authority of city Manager for the Purposes of Paid Administrative Leave, expires on December 31, 2020; and WHEREAS, a civil emergency pursuant to PMC 2.5 5.010 continues to exist; and Emergency Order No. 2020-004.2 Page 296 of 355 WHEREAS, PMC 2.55.020 authorizes the Mayor to implement any such orders as are immediately necessary for the protection of life and property; and WHEREAS, it is necessary to impose emergency personnel requirements and pay practices to protect life and property. NOW, THEREFORE, I, Saul Martinez, Mayor of the City of Pasco, ORDER under the emergency powers granted to me under the Proclamation of Emergency that: 1. The above recitals are true and correct in all respects; 2. The City Manager's administrative authority to authorize paid administrative leave to employees is hereby extended to the extent necessary to investigate and evaluate benefits and programs available in the case of a City employees' exposure or possible exposure to COVID-19 or in the event of a positive or presumptive positive COVID-19 determination of an employee. 3. This Order shall be in effect for the duration of the Emergency Proclamation ratified by Resolution No. 3946 or rescinded by separate written order. DATED this 30'h day of December, 2020. Saul Martinez, Mayor Attest: Debra Barham, CMC City Clerk Emergency Order No. 2020-004.2 2 Page 297 of 355 RESOLUTION NO. 4025 A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY OF PASCO, WASHINGTON, RATIFYING THE EMERGENCY ORDER NO. 2020-005.3, RELATING TO EXTENDING TEMPORARY CHANGE IN LEAVE POLICIES. WHEREAS, on March 16, 2020, Mayor Saul Martinez proclaimed the existence of a civil emergency pursuant to PMC 2.55.010 due to the COVID-19 emergency, which has caused a world-wide pandemic; and WHEREAS, the purpose of the emergency order allows the City, including its businesses and community members, to continue to conduct business, ensuring that the safety of everyone is secured, while maintaining the needed services for all; and WHEREAS, the Pasco Municipal Code Section 2.55.020 (2) states that any such emergency) orders shall, at the next regular or special meeting of the City Council, following the date the orders are issued, be presented to the City Council for ratification and confirmation by resolution of the City Council and if not so ratified and confirmed, shall be of no further effect. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PASCO, WASHINGTON: That the City Council confirms and ratifies Emergency Order 2020-005.3 related to the temporary change in leave policies as presented in EXHIBIT A, attached hereto, and Be It Further Resolved that this Resolution takes effect the date Emergency Order 2020- 005.3 was signed by the Mayor of Pasco, Washington. PASSED by the City Council of the City of Pasco, Washington this 4th day of January, 2021. Saul Martinez Mayor ATTEST: Debra Barham, CMC City Clerk APPROVED AS TO FORM: Kerr Ferguson Law, PLLC City Attorney Resolution — Ratifying EO No. 2020-005.3 — Temporary Change in Leave Policies Page 298 of 355 ps4co OFFICE OF THE MAYOR • (509) 545-3404 • FAX (509) 545-3403 P.O. Box 293 •525 North 31d Ave. • Pasco, WA 99301 www.pasco-wa.gov Emergency Order No. 2020-005.3 Extending Temporary Change in Leave Policies WHEREAS, on January 31, 2020, the United States Department of Public Health and Human Services Secretary, Alex Azar declared a public emergency for the novel coronavirus COVID-19) beginning on January 27, 2020; and WHEREAS, on February 29, 2020, Governor Jay Inslee signed a Proclamation declaring a State of Emergency exists in all counties in the State of Washington due to the number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the state and directed that plans and procedures of the Washington State Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan be implemented; and WHEREAS, beginning on March 11, 2020, the President of the United States, Donald J. Trump, directed the Federal Government to take numerous emergency measures to address theunprecedentednatureofthispublichealthcrisis, including restrictions on all foreign travel outside United States of America due to the number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the United States; and WHEREAS, on March 16, 2020, Mayor Saul Martinez proclaimed the existence of a civil emergency pursuant to PMC 2.55.010; and WHEREAS, on March 17, 2020, the Department of Public Health of Benton and Franklin County announced the first local case of COVID-19; and WHEREAS, as the COVID-19 emergency worsens, there is an increasing likelihood that City residents will be exposed to the virus; and WHEREAS, City provides essential functions within the community and a healthy workforce is critical to continuity of such services; and WHEREAS, existing personnel and leave policies do not contemplate an epidemic of this nature and may not sufficiently deter such employees from reporting to City facilities; and WHEREAS, PMC 2.105.270 and 2. 105.180 limits employee's ability to utilize accrued vacation and sick leave during probationary period; and WHEREAS, PMC 2. 105.280 limits employee's time off with pay covering periods of illness or involuntary physical incapacity to the extent that sick leave has accrued; WHEREAS, existing personnel and leave policies do not allow employees to receive advanced emergency leave due to extraordinary medical circumstances; and Emergency Order No. 2020-005.3 Page 299 of 355 WHEREAS, a civil emergency pursuant to PMC 2.5 5.010 continues to exist. NOW, THEREFORE, I, Saul Martinez, Mayor of the City of Pasco, ORDER under the emergency powers granted to me under the Proclamation of Emergency that: 1. The above recitals are true and correct in all respects. 2. The code provisions of PMC 2. 105.270 and 2.105.180 and any other provisions of the Pasco Municipal Code as they relate to prohibition of probationary employee from utilization of earned sick and vacation leave, continues to be suspended. 3. The code provisions of PMC 2.105.280 and any other provisions of the Pasco Municipal Code as they relate to accrual of sick leave, continues to be suspended, only to the extent necessary, to authorize the City Manager to provide those employees, without adequate sick or vacation leave balances, up to eighty (80) hours of advanced emergency leave in the case of a City employee or their family member having tested positive, or presumed positive, or the employee's child's school or place of care has been closed for reasons related to COVID-19. 4. Employees utilizing advanced emergency leave under this order shall pay back the time through a portion of future earned sick or vacation leave accruals until the amount of advanced emergency leave utilized is extinguished, or is deducted from any pay due the employee upon separation. 5. This Order shall be in effect for the duration of the Emergency Proclamation ratified by Resolution No. 3946 or terminated by separate written order. DATED this 30 day of December, 2020. Saul Martinez, Mayor Attest: Debra Barham, CMC City Clerk Emergency Order No. 2020-005.3 Page 300 of 355 AGENDA REPORT FOR: City Council February 21, 2023 TO: Adam Lincoln, Interim City Manager City Council Workshop Meeting: 2/27/23 FROM: Debra Barham, City Clerk Executive SUBJECT: Ordinance - Amending Pasco Municipal Code, Chapter 2.05 "City Council" Related to Open Public Meetings Act Updates I. REFERENCE(S): Draft Ordinance House Bill - 1329 II. ACTION REQUESTED OF COUNCIL / STAFF RECOMMENDATIONS: Discussion III. FISCAL IMPACT: None IV. HISTORY AND FACTS BRIEF: In mid-2022, the Washington State Legislature amended the Open Public Meetings meeting remote meetings, of to related (OPMA) Act locations attendance by members of the legislative body, online posting o f regular meeting agendas, posting of special meeting notices, receiving public comments, recording meetings, announcing the purpose of executive sessions and the adjournment of in-person meetings. Some of the OPMA amendments were effective upon Governor Inslee’s signature of House Bill (HB)-1329 on March 24, 2022, while other amendments become effective June 9, 2022. At the September 12, 2022, Workshop, Council discussed their requirements for attending Council meetings remotely and determined that rem ote meeting attendance may be allowed at the Councilmember's discretion. Page 301 of 355 1. The Councilmember attending remotely will notify the Mayor and City Manager of their virtual attendance prior to the meeting; 2. Audio, via a telephone or other electronic device, that can provide real time communications, will be needed so that the Councilmember may be heard and may hear the meeting in real time; 3. At the Presiding Officer's discretion, a roll call vote may be enacted for all motions during a meeting when a Councilmember is attending remotely; and 4. Lastly, the remote attendance option may extend to the City's Boards and Commissions. The OPMA required updates pertaining to Council are reflected in the draft Ordinance amending Chapter 2.05 "City Council" of the Pasco Municipal Code (PMC). Other notable updates within the proposed updates to PMC Chapter 2.05, not related to the June 2022 OPMA amendments, include the addition of: • PMC Section 2.05.015 - Presiding officer, selection of a presiding officer when the Mayor and Mayor Pro Tem are absent and the Presiding officer's duties; and • PMC Subsection 2.05.020 (1) - adding the City Council's regular workshop meeting agenda order. The addition of the Presiding Officer section is to address instances when there is no Mayor or Mayor Pro Tem. An example of this situation occurs when the Mayor and Mayor Pro Tem's terms end on the last day of December and there is no Presiding Officer during the first meeting the following January. This addition will serve as a guideline for Council to select a temporary Presiding Officer until the Mayor has been elected by Council; at which time the Mayor will preside over the remainder of the meeting. Another instance, is when both the Mayor and Mayor Pro Tem are absent from a Council meeting, a Presiding Officer will need to be selected by the Councilmembers present at the beginning of the meeting, after role call is taken. The addition of the Council regular workshop meetings in the PMC memorializes the dates when Council meets regularly for their work sessions. V. DISCUSSION: To provide an opportunity for Council to review and discuss the proposed amendments to the PMC Chapter 2.05, "City Council" with staff. Page 302 of 355 Ordinance – Amending PMC Related City Council Meetings - 1 ORDINANCE NO. ____ AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY OF PASCO, AMENDING PASCO MUNICIPAL CODE, CHAPTER 2.05 “CITY COUNCIL” RELATED TO UPDATES TO THE WASHINGTON STATE OPEN PUBLIC MEETINGS ACT EFFECTING CITY COUNCIL’S CONDUCT OF BUSINESS, AND INCLUDES OTHER MINOR HOUSEKEEPING UPDATES WITHIN THE SAME CHAPTER. WHEREAS, the Washington State Legislature has amended the Open Public Meetings Act (OPMA) related to locations of meetings, remote meeting attendance by members of the legislative body, online posting of regular meeting agendas, posting of special meeting notices, receiving public comments, recording meetings, announcing the purpose of executive sessions and the adjournment of in-person meetings; and WHEREAS, some of the OPMA amendments were effective upon Governor Inslee’s signature of House Bill (HB)-1329 on March 24, 2022, while other amendments became effective June 9, 2022; and WHEREAS, to meet the new OPMA requirements, the City of Pasco Council (Council) needs to amend the Pasco Municipal Code (PMC) Chapter 2.05 “City Council” related to regular and special meetings, remote meeting attendance of Councilmembers, and receiving public comments; and WHEREAS, the other amendments within the OPMA are procedural in nature and were addressed through the appropriate staff to ensure compliance is met including locations of meetings, online posting of regular meeting agendas, posting of special meeting notices, recording meetings, announcing the purpose of executive sessions and the remote access to meetings; and WHEREAS, a housekeeping amendment is to include a new section for City Council’s workshop meetings within the PMC. NOW, THEREFORE, THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PASCO, WASHINGTON DO ORDAIN AS FOLLOWS: Section 1. That the PMC Chapter 2.05 “City Council” is hereby amended and shall read as follows: Chapter 2.05 CITY COUNCIL Sections: 2.05.010 Time and place of meetings. 2.05.015 Presiding officer. 2.05.020 Regular business Mmeetings and workshops – Order of business. Page 303 of 355 Ordinance – Amending PMC Related City Council Meetings - 2 2.05.025 Special and emergency special meetings. 2.05.030 Reimbursement for expenses. 2.05.040 Preparation and approval of minutes. 2.05.050 Consent agenda. 2.05.060 Quorum. 2.05.070 Remote Attendance. 2.05.080 Parliamentary guide. 2.05.010 Time and place of meetings. The City Council shall normally meet in regular business meetings session at 7:00 p.m. on the first and third Mondays of each month in the City Hall; provided, that if a regular Monday business meeting session falls on a legal holiday, the Council shall meet in regular a business meeting session at the same time and place on the next succeeding business day. The City Council shall normally meet in workshop meetings at 7:00 p.m. on the second and fourth Mondays of each month in the City Hall; provided, that if a workshop meeting falls on a legal holiday, the Council shall meet in workshop meeting at the same time and place on the next succeeding business day. The City Council may cancel regular business meetings or workshops, by motion, at their discretion. [Ord. 3264 § 1, 1997; Ord. 3028 § 1, 1994; Ord. 1872 § 1, 1977; Code 1970 § 2.02.010; Code 1954 § 1-3.04.] 2.05.015 Presiding officer. The Mayor, or in the Mayor’s absence the Mayor Pro Tem, shall be the presiding officer. In the absence of both the Mayor and the Mayor Pro Tem, the City Council may select a temporary presiding officer. The meeting shall be called to order by the City Clerk for the selection of a temporary presiding officer to chair the meeting. It shall be the duty of the presiding officer to: 1) Call the meeting to order when it has not already been called to order. 2) Keep the meeting to its order of business. 3) Control discussion in an orderly manner: a) Giving every councilmember, who so wishes, an opportunity to speak; b) Permitting audience participation at appropriate times within the order of business; c) Requiring all speakers to speak to the question and to observe the rules of order. Page 304 of 355 Ordinance – Amending PMC Related City Council Meetings - 3 2.05.020 Regular business Mmeetings and workshops – Order of business. 1) At all regular business meetings of the City Council the order of business shall be as follows: 1st Meeting Instructions for Remote Access to Meeting 2nd1st Call to order 3rd2nd Roll call 3(a)2(a) Pledge of Allegiance (regular business meetings only) 4th3rd Consent agenda (including approval of minutes and bills and communications) 5th4th Proclamations and Acknowledgments 6th5th Visitors/other than agenda items Public Comments – the public may address Council on any items unless it relates to any scheduled Public Hearing, then the public will have an opportunity to speak during the Public Hearing. 7th6th Reports from committees and/or officers 8th7th Public hearings and Council action on ordinances and resolutions relating thereto. When a public hearing is for a “closed record” issue, no new evidence may be presented and only those who participated in the “open record hearing” in front of the Hearing Examiner may testify and arguments must be summary only and not offer new evidence. 9th8th Ordinances and resolutions not relating to public hearings and resolutions 10th9th Unfinished business 11th10th New business 12th11th Miscellaneous Council discussion 13th12th Adjournment Page 305 of 355 Ordinance – Amending PMC Related City Council Meetings - 4 2) At all workshop meetings of the City Council the order of business shall be as follows: 1st Meeting Instructions for Remote Access 2nd Call to order 3rd Roll call 3(a) Pledge of Allegiance 4th Verbal reports from Councilmembers 5th Items for discussion 6th Miscellaneous Council discussion 7th Adjournment [Ord. 2765 § 1, 1990; Ord. 2257 § 1, 1981; Ord. 1807 § 1, 1976; Code 1970 § 2.02.020; Code 1954 § 1-3.08.] 2.05.025 Special and emergency special meetings. Special meetings and emergency special meetings shall be called as provided for in RCW 42.30, the Open Public Meetings Act, as it now exists or when it is hereafter amended. 2.05.030 Reimbursement for expenses. The Mayor and the members of the City Council shall be reimbursed for actual expenses incurred in the discharge of their official duties upon the presentation of a claim therefor and after allowance and approval thereof by the City Council. [Ord. 1807 § 2, 1976; Code 1970 § 2.02.030; Code 1954 § 1-3.12.] 2.05.040 Preparation and approval of minutes. The City Clerk shall prepare the minutes of all regular business, workshop and special City Council meetings. A copy of the minutes shall be prepared for approval of the City Council at its next regular business meeting. The minutes need not be read in open meeting except that on motion of the Council, the minutes of any previous meeting may be read in full. The minutes of each meeting must be approved by the City Council. [Ord. 3545 § 1, 2002; Ord. 1807 § 3, 1976; Code 1970 § 2.02.040; Code 1954 § 1-3.16.] 2.05.050 Consent agenda. Any Councilmember may request any ordinance, resolution, rule, regulation, order or directive, bills or minutes be placed on the consent agenda for adoption or approval if they were previously discussed by Council and no further discussion is needed or are regularly included within the consent agenda. All such items on the consent agenda shall be voted on at one time by one roll call vote. Any Councilmember or visitor at a Council meeting may request that any item, which has been placed on the consent agenda, be removed from the consent agenda and Page 306 of 355 Ordinance – Amending PMC Related City Council Meetings - 5 such item shall then be considered at the appropriate time and in the appropriate order pursuant to PMC 2.05.020. [Ord. 1807 § 4, 1976; Code 1970 § 2.02.050; Code 1954 § 1-3.20.] 2.05.060 Quorum. At all meetings of the City Council, a majority of the Councilmembers shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, but a lesser number may adjourn from time to time. [Ord. 1807 § 5, 1976; Code 1970 § 2.02.060; Code 1954 § 1- 3.24.] 2.05.070 Remote Attendance by Councilmembers. 1) To the extent consistent with applicable state law, Councilmembers may attend and participate in a Council meeting (business, workshop, special meeting) remotely ("Remote Attendance") utilizing City-approved virtual platform. Any Councilmember intending to utilize Remote Attendance for a meeting shall provide ample notice prior to the scheduled meeting of such intent to the Mayor and/or City Manager to allow time for staff to setup the required equipment prior to the specified meeting. The use of virtual platform equipment shall allow Councilmember(s) to fully participate in the meeting, allow the official minute recording staff person to observe all activity, allow the recording system to capture, in open session, all activity and discussion, and allow the Councilmembers and the public to adequately see and hear the meeting proceedings including all discussion, comments, and any voting by the Councilmember attending remotely. 2) During any meeting a Councilmember is in Remote Attendance, the Mayor or presiding officer shall state for the record that a particular Councilmember is attending with Remote Attendance. 3) Any Councilmember utilizing Remote Attendance shall bear the risk that the virtual platform being used to effectuate the Remote Attendance may malfunction or otherwise fail to operate properly in a manner which effectively prevents the Councilmember's attendance and participation at the meeting. Except to the extent necessary to ensure a quorum, no such malfunction or operational failure shall require the adjournment, continuation or cancelation of any Council meeting, or the postponement of any Council vote; provided, that the City Council may in its sole discretion vote to adjourn, continue or cancel a meeting, or postpone a Council vote, as deemed appropriate to respond to a malfunction or operational failure of the virtual platform. 4) Councilmembers utilizing Remote Attendance are responsible for ensuring adequate connectivity is available at the physical location they are participating from and are solely responsible for the cost of such connectivity. 5) Councilmembers should immediately report any technical difficulties with assigned equipment to designated staff prior to or during the meeting in order to resolve any problems prior to the scheduled meeting. 6) In the case of executive sessions, the Council may permit participation from remote location(s) only when the Council is confident in the security of such remote communications. Page 307 of 355 Ordinance – Amending PMC Related City Council Meetings - 6 7) When one or more Councilmembers are attending remotely, at the discretion of the Presiding Officer, a roll call vote for all motions will be enacted during the meeting so that the remote Council attendee may be heard clearly. Section 2. This Ordinance shall take full force and effect five (5) days after approval, passage and publication as required by law. PASSED by the City Council of the City of Pasco, Washington on this ____ day of __________ 2023. _____________________________ Blanche Barajas Mayor ATTEST: APPROVED AS TO FORM: ______________________________ ____________________________________ Debra Barham, CMC Kerr Ferguson Law, PLLC City Clerk City Attorneys Published: _____________________________ Page 308 of 355 CERTIFICATION OF ENROLLMENT ENGROSSED SUBSTITUTE HOUSE BILL 1329 67th Legislature 2022 Regular Session Passed by the House March 7, 2022 Yeas 87 Nays 11 Speaker of the House of Representatives Passed by the Senate March 3, 2022 Yeas 47 Nays 0 President of the Senate CERTIFICATE I, Bernard Dean, Chief Clerk of the House of Representatives of the State of Washington, do hereby certify that the attached is ENGROSSED SUBSTITUTE HOUSE BILL 1329 as passed by the House of Representatives and the Senate on the dates hereon set forth. Chief Clerk Approved FILED Governor of the State of Washington Secretary of State State of Washington Page 309 of 355 AN ACT Relating to public meeting accessibility and 1 participation; amending RCW 42.30.010, 42.30.030, 42.30.040, 2 42.30.050, 42.30.070, 42.30.077, 42.30.080, 42.30.090, 42.30.110, and 3 42.30.900; adding new sections to chapter 42.30 RCW; creating a new 4 section; and declaring an emergency.5 BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF WASHINGTON:6 NEW SECTION. Sec. 1. The legislature finds and declares that, 7 due to technological advances since the 1971 adoption of the open 8 public meetings act, elected officials no longer conduct the public's 9 business solely at in-person meetings, but can and do utilize 10 telephonic and other electronic methods to efficiently conduct the 11 business of state and local government remotely. Further, limitations 12 on public gatherings required as the result of a disaster or 13 emergency, for example, to assist in preventing the spread of 14 infectious diseases, may affirmatively necessitate the use of 15 technology and the avoidance of in-person attendance at public 16 meetings for the conduct of governmental business. It is the policy 17 of the state that a governing body's actions, including 18 deliberations, shall be taken and conducted in the open. When the 19 public cannot observe and participate in person, it may limit 20 participation in democracy. Therefore, this act shall be construed in 21 ENGROSSED SUBSTITUTE HOUSE BILL 1329 AS AMENDED BY THE SENATE Passed Legislature - 2022 Regular Session State of Washington 67th Legislature 2021 Regular Session By House Local Government (originally sponsored by Representatives Wicks, Pollet, Taylor, Ryu, Wylie, Shewmake, Bateman, Lovick, Fey, Morgan, Lekanoff, Harris-Talley, and Peterson) READ FIRST TIME 02/15/21. p. 1 ESHB 1329.PLPage 310 of 355 favor of ensuring access by the public to observe elected officials 1 when they meet pursuant to this act. It is the intent of this act to 2 modernize and update the open public meetings act emergency 3 procedures to reflect technological advances, while maintaining the 4 act's public policy that governing body's actions and deliberations 5 be taken and conducted openly while balancing public safety in 6 emergency conditions. Governing bodies are encouraged to adopt 7 resolutions or ordinances establishing where and how meetings will be 8 held in the event of an emergency, in order to allow the public to 9 more easily learn about and observe public agency action in an 10 emergent situation.11 The legislature further finds people participating in their 12 government, especially through public comment, is an essential part 13 of developing public policy. The legislature finds that there are 14 numerous developing technologies that can be used to facilitate 15 public comment, especially for those with disabilities, underserved 16 communities, and those who face time or distance challenges when 17 traveling to public meetings. Therefore, the legislature intends to 18 encourage public agencies to make use of remote access tools as fully 19 as practicable to encourage public engagement and better serve their 20 communities.21 Sec. 2. RCW 42.30.010 and 1971 ex.s. c 250 s 1 are each amended 22 to read as follows:23 The legislature finds and declares that all public commissions, 24 boards, councils, committees, subcommittees, departments, divisions, 25 offices, and all other public agencies of this state and subdivisions 26 thereof exist to aid in the conduct of the people's business. It is 27 the intent of this chapter that their actions be taken openly and 28 that their deliberations be conducted openly.29 The people of this state do not yield their sovereignty to the 30 agencies which serve them. The people, in delegating authority, do 31 not give their public servants the right to decide what is good for 32 the people to know and what is not good for them to know. The people 33 insist on remaining informed and informing the people's public 34 servants of their views so that they may retain control over the 35 instruments they have created. For these reasons, even when not 36 required by law, public agencies are encouraged to incorporate and 37 accept public comment during their decision-making process.38 p. 2 ESHB 1329.PLPage 311 of 355 Sec. 3. RCW 42.30.030 and 1971 ex.s. c 250 s 3 are each amended 1 to read as follows:2 (1) All meetings of the governing body of a public agency shall 3 be open and public and all persons shall be permitted to attend any 4 meeting of the governing body of a public agency, except as otherwise 5 provided in this chapter.6 (2) Public agencies are encouraged to provide for the increased 7 ability of the public to observe and participate in the meetings of 8 governing bodies through real-time telephonic, electronic, internet, 9 or other readily available means of remote access that do not require 10 an additional cost to access the meeting.11 NEW SECTION. Sec. 4. A new section is added to chapter 42.30 12 RCW to read as follows:13 (1) Public agencies are encouraged to make an audio or video 14 recording of, or to provide an online streaming option for, all 15 regular meetings of its governing body, and to make recordings of 16 these meetings available online for a minimum of six months.17 (2) This section does not alter a local government's 18 recordkeeping requirements under chapter 42.56 RCW.19 NEW SECTION. Sec. 5. A new section is added to chapter 42.30 20 RCW to read as follows:21 (1) If, after the declaration of an emergency by a local or state 22 government or agency, or by the federal government, a public agency 23 determines that it cannot hold a meeting of the governing body with 24 members or public attendance in person with reasonable safety because 25 of the emergency, the public agency may:26 (a) Hold a remote meeting of the governing body without a 27 physical location; or28 (b) Hold a meeting of the governing body at which the physical 29 attendance by some or all members of the public is limited due to a 30 declared emergency.31 (2) During a remote meeting, members of the governing body may 32 appear or attend by phone or by other electronic means that allows 33 real-time verbal communication without being in the same physical 34 location. For a remote meeting or a meeting at which the physical 35 attendance by some or all members of the public is limited due to a 36 declared emergency, the public agency must provide an option for the 37 public to listen to the proceedings telephonically or by using a 38 p. 3 ESHB 1329.PLPage 312 of 355 readily available alternative in real-time that does not require any 1 additional cost for participation. Free readily available options 2 include, but are not limited to, broadcast by the public agency on a 3 locally available cable television station that is available 4 throughout the jurisdiction or other electronic, internet, or other 5 means of remote access that does not require any additional cost for 6 access to the program. The public agency may also allow the other 7 electronic means of remote access.8 (3) No action may be taken at a remote meeting or a meeting at 9 which the physical attendance by some or all members of the public is 10 limited due to a declared emergency if the public agency has not 11 provided an option for the public to listen to proceedings pursuant 12 to subsection (2) of this section, except for an executive session as 13 authorized in this chapter.14 (4) Notice of a remote meeting without a physical location or a 15 meeting at which the physical attendance by some or all members of 16 the public is limited due to a declared emergency must be provided in 17 accordance with this chapter and must include instructions on how the 18 public may listen live to proceedings and on how the public may 19 access any other electronic means of remote access offered by the 20 public agency.21 (5) A remote meeting or a meeting at which the physical 22 attendance by some or all members of the public is limited due to a 23 declared emergency that is held under the provisions of this section 24 shall be considered open and public in compliance with the 25 requirements of this chapter. Nothing in this section alters the 26 ability of public agencies to take action in response to an emergency 27 as provided for in RCW 42.30.070, or to have members of a governing 28 body participate in a meeting remotely with no declared emergency.29 (6) Notwithstanding any other provision in this section, any 30 governing body of a public agency which held some of its regular 31 meetings remotely prior to March 1, 2020, may continue to hold some 32 of its regular meetings remotely with no declared emergency so long 33 as the public agency provides an option for the public to listen to 34 the proceedings pursuant to subsection (2) of this section.35 Sec. 6. RCW 42.30.040 and 2012 c 117 s 124 are each amended to 36 read as follows:37 A member of the public shall not be required, as a condition to 38 attendance at a meeting of a governing body, to register his or her 39 p. 4 ESHB 1329.PLPage 313 of 355 name and other information, to complete a questionnaire, or otherwise 1 to fulfill any condition precedent to his or her attendance. This 2 section does not prohibit any generally applicable conditions 3 determined by the governing body to be reasonably necessary to 4 protect the public health or safety, or to protect against 5 interruption of the meeting, including a meeting at which the 6 physical attendance by some or all members of the public is limited 7 due to a declared emergency.8 Sec. 7. RCW 42.30.050 and 1971 ex.s. c 250 s 5 are each amended 9 to read as follows:10 In the event that any meeting is interrupted by a group or groups 11 of persons so as to render the orderly conduct of such meeting 12 unfeasible and order cannot be restored by the removal of individuals 13 who are interrupting the meeting, the members of the governing body 14 conducting the meeting may order the meeting room cleared and 15 continue in session or may adjourn the meeting and reconvene at 16 another location selected by majority vote of the members. In such a 17 session, final disposition may be taken only on matters appearing on 18 the agenda. Representatives of the press or other news media, except 19 those participating in the disturbance, shall be allowed to attend 20 any session held pursuant to this section. Nothing in this section 21 shall prohibit the governing body from establishing a procedure for 22 readmitting an individual or individuals not responsible for 23 disturbing the orderly conduct of the meeting. Nothing in this 24 section prohibits the governing body from stopping people from 25 speaking to the governing body when not recognized by the governing 26 body to speak.27 Sec. 8. RCW 42.30.070 and 1983 c 155 s 2 are each amended to 28 read as follows:29 The governing body of a public agency shall provide the time for 30 holding regular meetings by ordinance, resolution, bylaws, or by 31 whatever other rule is required for the conduct of business by that 32 body. Unless otherwise provided for in the act under which the public 33 agency was formed, meetings of the governing body need not be held 34 within the boundaries of the territory over which the public agency 35 exercises jurisdiction. If at any time any regular meeting falls on a 36 holiday, such regular meeting shall be held on the next business day. 37 If, by reason of fire, flood, earthquake, or other emergency, there 38 p. 5 ESHB 1329.PLPage 314 of 355 is a need for expedited action by a governing body to meet the 1 emergency, the presiding officer of the governing body may provide 2 for a meeting site other than the regular meeting site, for a remote 3 meeting without a physical location, or for a meeting at which the 4 physical attendance by some or all members of the public is limited 5 due to a declared emergency, and the notice requirements of this 6 chapter shall be suspended during such emergency. It shall not be a 7 violation of the requirements of this chapter for a majority of the 8 members of a governing body to travel together or gather for purposes 9 other than a regular meeting or a special meeting as these terms are 10 used in this chapter: PROVIDED, That they take no action as defined 11 in this chapter.12 Sec. 9. RCW 42.30.077 and 2014 c 61 s 2 are each amended to read 13 as follows:14 (1) Public agencies with governing bodies must make the agenda of 15 each regular meeting of the governing body available online no later 16 than ((twenty-four)) 24 hours in advance of the published start time 17 of the meeting. An agency subject to provisions of this section ((is 18 not required to post an agenda if it does not have a website or if it 19 employs fewer than ten full-time equivalent employees)) may share a 20 website with, or have its website hosted by, another public agency to 21 post meeting agendas, minutes, budgets, contact information, and 22 other records, including any resolution or ordinance adopted by the 23 agency establishing where and how the public agency will meet in the 24 event of an emergency. Nothing in this section prohibits subsequent 25 modifications to agendas nor invalidates any otherwise legal action 26 taken at a meeting where the agenda was not posted in accordance with 27 this section. Nothing in this section modifies notice requirements or 28 shall be construed as establishing that a public body or agency's 29 online posting of an agenda as required by this section is sufficient 30 notice to satisfy public notice requirements established under other 31 laws. Failure to post an agenda in accordance with this section shall 32 not provide a basis for awarding attorney fees under RCW 42.30.120 or 33 commencing an action for mandamus or injunction under RCW 42.30.130.34 (2) A special purpose district, city, or town subject to the 35 provisions of this section is not required to post an agenda online 36 if the district, city, or town:37 (a) Has an aggregate valuation of the property subject to 38 taxation by the district, city, or town of less than $400,000,000, as 39 p. 6 ESHB 1329.PLPage 315 of 355 placed on the last completed and balanced tax rolls of the county 1 preceding the date of the most recent tax levy;2 (b) Has a population within its jurisdiction of under 3,000 3 persons; and4 (c) Provides confirmation to the state auditor at the time it 5 files its annual reports under RCW 43.09.230 that the cost of posting 6 notices on a website of its own, a shared website, or on the website 7 of the county in which the largest portion of the district's, city's, 8 or town's population resides, would exceed one-tenth of one percent 9 of the district's, city's, or town's budget.10 Sec. 10. RCW 42.30.080 and 2012 c 188 s 1 are each amended to 11 read as follows:12 (1) A special meeting may be called at any time by the presiding 13 officer of the governing body of a public agency or by a majority of 14 the members of the governing body by delivering written notice 15 personally, by mail, by fax, or by ((electronic mail)) email to each 16 member of the governing body. Written notice shall be deemed waived 17 in the following circumstances:18 (a) A member submits a written waiver of notice with the clerk or 19 secretary of the governing body at or prior to the time the meeting 20 convenes. A written waiver may be given by telegram, fax, or 21 ((electronic mail)) email; or22 (b) A member is actually present at the time the meeting 23 convenes.24 (2) Notice of a special meeting called under subsection (1) of 25 this section shall be:26 (a) Delivered to each local newspaper of general circulation and 27 local radio or television station that has on file with the governing 28 body a written request to be notified of such special meeting or of 29 all special meetings;30 (b) Posted on the agency's website. An agency is not required to 31 post a special meeting notice on its website if it (((i))) does not 32 have a website((; (ii))) or share a website with another agency. 33 Except in the case of a remote meeting or a meeting at which the 34 physical attendance by some or all members of the public is limited 35 due to a declared emergency as provided for in this chapter, an 36 agency is not required to post a special meeting notice on its 37 website if it employs ((fewer than ten)) no full-time equivalent 38 employees((;)), or (((iii))) does not employ personnel whose duty, as 39 p. 7 ESHB 1329.PLPage 316 of 355 defined by a job description or existing contract, is to maintain or 1 update the website; and2 (c) Prominently displayed at the main entrance of the agency's 3 principal location and the meeting site if it is not held at the 4 agency's principal location and is not held as a remote meeting; 5 except that during a declared emergency which prevents a meeting from 6 being held in-person with reasonable safety an agency that hosts a 7 website or shares a website with another agency may instead post 8 notice of a remote meeting without a physical location on the website 9 hosted or shared by the agency.10 Such notice must be delivered or posted, as applicable, at least 11 ((twenty-four)) 24 hours before the time of such meeting as specified 12 in the notice.13 (3) The call and notices required under subsections (1) and (2) 14 of this section shall specify the time and place of the special 15 meeting and the business to be transacted. Final disposition shall 16 not be taken on any other matter at such meetings by the governing 17 body.18 (4) The notices provided in this section may be dispensed with in 19 the event a special meeting is called to deal with an emergency 20 involving injury or damage to persons or property or the likelihood 21 of such injury or damage, when time requirements of such notice would 22 make notice impractical and increase the likelihood of such injury or 23 damage, or when the required notice cannot be posted or displayed 24 with reasonable safety, including but not limited to declared 25 emergencies in which travel to physically post notice is barred or 26 advised against.27 Sec. 11. RCW 42.30.090 and 2012 c 117 s 125 are each amended to 28 read as follows:29 The governing body of a public agency may adjourn any regular, 30 adjourned regular, special, or adjourned special meeting to a time 31 and place specified in the order of adjournment. Less than a quorum 32 may so adjourn from time to time. If all members are absent from any 33 regular or adjourned regular meeting the clerk or secretary of the 34 governing body may declare the meeting adjourned to a stated time and 35 place. He or she shall cause a written notice of the adjournment to 36 be given in the same manner as provided in RCW 42.30.080 for special 37 meetings, unless such notice is waived as provided for special 38 meetings. ((Whenever)) Except in the case of remote meetings without 39 p. 8 ESHB 1329.PLPage 317 of 355 a physical location as provided for in this chapter, whenever any 1 meeting is adjourned a copy of the order or notice of adjournment 2 shall be conspicuously posted immediately after the time of the 3 adjournment on or near the door of the place where the regular, 4 adjourned regular, special, or adjourned special meeting was held. 5 When a regular or adjourned regular meeting is adjourned as provided 6 in this section, the resulting adjourned regular meeting is a regular 7 meeting for all purposes. When an order of adjournment of any meeting 8 fails to state the hour at which the adjourned meeting is to be held, 9 it shall be held at the hour specified for regular meetings by 10 ordinance, resolution, bylaw, or other rule.11 Sec. 12. RCW 42.30.110 and 2019 c 162 s 2 are each amended to 12 read as follows:13 (1) Nothing contained in this chapter may be construed to prevent 14 a governing body from holding an executive session during a regular 15 or special meeting:16 (a)(i) To consider matters affecting national security;17 (ii) To consider, if in compliance with any required data 18 security breach disclosure under RCW 19.255.010 and 42.56.590, and 19 with legal counsel available, information regarding the 20 infrastructure and security of computer and telecommunications 21 networks, security and service recovery plans, security risk 22 assessments and security test results to the extent that they 23 identify specific system vulnerabilities, and other information that 24 if made public may increase the risk to the confidentiality, 25 integrity, or availability of agency security or to information 26 technology infrastructure or assets;27 (b) To consider the selection of a site or the acquisition of 28 real estate by lease or purchase when public knowledge regarding such 29 consideration would cause a likelihood of increased price;30 (c) To consider the minimum price at which real estate will be 31 offered for sale or lease when public knowledge regarding such 32 consideration would cause a likelihood of decreased price. However, 33 final action selling or leasing public property shall be taken in a 34 meeting open to the public;35 (d) To review negotiations on the performance of publicly bid 36 contracts when public knowledge regarding such consideration would 37 cause a likelihood of increased costs;38 p. 9 ESHB 1329.PLPage 318 of 355 (e) To consider, in the case of an export trading company, 1 financial and commercial information supplied by private persons to 2 the export trading company;3 (f) To receive and evaluate complaints or charges brought against 4 a public officer or employee. However, upon the request of such 5 officer or employee, a public hearing or a meeting open to the public 6 shall be conducted upon such complaint or charge;7 (g) To evaluate the qualifications of an applicant for public 8 employment or to review the performance of a public employee. 9 However, subject to RCW 42.30.140(4), discussion by a governing body 10 of salaries, wages, and other conditions of employment to be 11 generally applied within the agency shall occur in a meeting open to 12 the public, and when a governing body elects to take final action 13 hiring, setting the salary of an individual employee or class of 14 employees, or discharging or disciplining an employee, that action 15 shall be taken in a meeting open to the public;16 (h) To evaluate the qualifications of a candidate for appointment 17 to elective office. However, any interview of such candidate and 18 final action appointing a candidate to elective office shall be in a 19 meeting open to the public;20 (i) To discuss with legal counsel representing the agency matters 21 relating to agency enforcement actions, or to discuss with legal 22 counsel representing the agency litigation or potential litigation to 23 which the agency, the governing body, or a member acting in an 24 official capacity is, or is likely to become, a party, when public 25 knowledge regarding the discussion is likely to result in an adverse 26 legal or financial consequence to the agency.27 This subsection (1)(i) does not permit a governing body to hold 28 an executive session solely because an attorney representing the 29 agency is present. For purposes of this subsection (1)(i), "potential 30 litigation" means matters protected by RPC 1.6 or RCW 5.60.060(2)(a) 31 concerning:32 (i) Litigation that has been specifically threatened to which the 33 agency, the governing body, or a member acting in an official 34 capacity is, or is likely to become, a party;35 (ii) Litigation that the agency reasonably believes may be 36 commenced by or against the agency, the governing body, or a member 37 acting in an official capacity; or38 (iii) Litigation or legal risks of a proposed action or current 39 practice that the agency has identified when public discussion of the 40 p. 10 ESHB 1329.PLPage 319 of 355 litigation or legal risks is likely to result in an adverse legal or 1 financial consequence to the agency;2 (j) To consider, in the case of the state library commission or 3 its advisory bodies, western library network prices, products, 4 equipment, and services, when such discussion would be likely to 5 adversely affect the network's ability to conduct business in a 6 competitive economic climate. However, final action on these matters 7 shall be taken in a meeting open to the public;8 (k) To consider, in the case of the state investment board, 9 financial and commercial information when the information relates to 10 the investment of public trust or retirement funds and when public 11 knowledge regarding the discussion would result in loss to such funds 12 or in private loss to the providers of this information;13 (l) To consider proprietary or confidential nonpublished 14 information related to the development, acquisition, or 15 implementation of state purchased health care services as provided in 16 RCW 41.05.026;17 (m) To consider in the case of the life sciences discovery fund 18 authority, the substance of grant applications and grant awards when 19 public knowledge regarding the discussion would reasonably be 20 expected to result in private loss to the providers of this 21 information;22 (n) To consider in the case of a health sciences and services 23 authority, the substance of grant applications and grant awards when 24 public knowledge regarding the discussion would reasonably be 25 expected to result in private loss to the providers of this 26 information;27 (o) To consider information regarding staff privileges or quality 28 improvement committees under RCW 70.41.205.29 (2) Before convening in executive session, the presiding officer 30 of a governing body shall publicly announce the purpose for excluding 31 the public from the meeting place, and the time when the executive 32 session will be concluded. The executive session may be extended to a 33 stated later time by announcement of the presiding officer. The 34 announced purpose of excluding the public must be entered into the 35 minutes of the meeting required by RCW 42.30.035.36 NEW SECTION. Sec. 13. A new section is added to chapter 42.30 37 RCW to read as follows:38 p. 11 ESHB 1329.PLPage 320 of 355 (1) Except in an emergency situation, the governing body of a 1 public agency shall provide an opportunity at or before every regular 2 meeting at which final action is taken for public comment. The public 3 comment required under this section may be taken orally at a public 4 meeting, or by providing an opportunity for written testimony to be 5 submitted before or at the meeting. If the governing body accepts 6 written testimony, this testimony must be distributed to the 7 governing body. The governing body may set a reasonable deadline for 8 the submission of written testimony before the meeting.9 (2) Upon the request of any individual who will have difficulty 10 attending a meeting of the governing body of a public agency by 11 reason of disability, limited mobility, or for any other reason that 12 makes physical attendance at a meeting difficult, the governing body 13 shall, when feasible, provide an opportunity for that individual to 14 provide oral comment at the meeting remotely if oral comment from 15 other members of the public will be accepted at the meeting.16 (3) Nothing in this section prevents a governing body from 17 allowing public comment on items not on the meeting agenda.18 (4) Nothing in this section diminishes the authority of governing 19 bodies to deal with interruptions under RCW 42.30.050, limits the 20 ability of the governing body to put limitations on the time 21 available for public comment or on how public comment is accepted, or 22 requires a governing body to accept public comment that renders 23 orderly conduct of the meeting unfeasible.24 Sec. 14. RCW 42.30.900 and 1971 ex.s. c 250 s 16 are each 25 amended to read as follows:26 This chapter may be known and cited as the (("Open Public 27 Meetings Act of 1971".)) Washington state open public meetings act or 28 OPMA.29 NEW SECTION. Sec. 15. Sections 5 through 11 of this act are 30 necessary for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health, 31 or safety, or support of the state government and its existing public 32 institutions, and take effect immediately.33 --- END --- p. 12 ESHB 1329.PLPage 321 of 355 AGENDA REPORT FOR: City Council February 15, 2023 TO: Adam Lincoln, Interim City Manager City Council Workshop Meeting: 2/27/23 FROM: Steve Worley, Director Public Works SUBJECT: Resolution - WA State Dept. of Ecology Agreement for the Pasco Aquifer Storage & Recovery Project Phase 2 I. REFERENCE(S): Resolution Agreement II. ACTION REQUESTED OF COUNCIL / STAFF RECOMMENDATIONS: Discussion III. FISCAL IMPACT: The City was awarded $348,967.00 from the Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology) for the Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) Feasibility Study - Phase II Project to provide benefits for the Columbia River Basin. Agreement effective date will be March 1, 2023, with an expiration of March 31, 2023. IV. HISTORY AND FACTS BRIEF: The City of Pasco (City) is evaluating the feasibility of developing an ASR program that would allow storing surplus water available from the City’s existing supply sources in aquifers beneath the City for use during periods of peak - season demand. The concept for a potential future Pasco ASR program would include withdrawing water from existing supply sources (Columbia River or groundwater wells) during the winter months when demands for water are low, injecting and storing that water in an aquifer system beneath the City using a well or series of wells, and recovering the stored water from those same wells to meet peak summer demands. This would allow the City to augment pea k-season demand needs and help meet projected demand shortfalls without increasing permitted withdrawals from the Columbia River during the low -flow summer months. Page 322 of 355 A successful Pasco ASR program would allow the City to optimize use of their portion of the Quad City water right permit and increase the sustainability and resiliency of their existing water supply sources. An initial feasibility study was completed for the Pasco ASR (also funded by Ecology). The findings from that study suggest a Pasco AS R program appears feasible. This is because the City is situated in a geologic region where the vast majority of operational ASR systems in the Pacific Northwest are located, including active ASR facilities currently operated by the cities of Kennewick, Walla Walla, and Pendleton. From a geological perspective the underlying Umatilla Member of the Saddle Mountains Basalt and the Frenchman Springs Member of the Wanapum Basalt have been identified as potential storage aquifers for a Pasco ASR program. Additional work, however, is recommended to further understand ASR feasibility given the general lack of specific data on the target storage aquifers. Building upon existing and available information compiled and evaluated as part of the initial Pasco ASR feasibility study, this next phase of the study will address hydrogeologic and water quality data gaps identified for the two candidate basalt storage aquifers prior to conducting any site-specific exploratory or test well drilling investigations and will complete a preliminary water quality evaluation to assess geochemical compatibility between source water and basalt groundwater. The water quality evaluation also will include a preliminary assessment of all known, available, and reasonable methods of prevent ion, control, and treatment (AKART) to identify the likely best approach to reduce or eliminate constituents that might violate the State’s anti -degradation policy (Chapter 173-200-030 WAC). Recommended next steps prior to conducting any site -specific drilling and testing investigations include: (1) conducting reconnaissance surveys of key basalt wells in the area, (2) collecting and analyzing ASR supply water and proxy groundwater quality samples, and (3) completing a geochemical compatibility assessment to evaluate for potential adverse geochemical reactions between ASR supply water and groundwater and to identify contaminants likely to exceed groundwater quality criteria or baseline groundwater quality conditions. This project will build upon work completed by GSI Water Solutions, Inc. under the first phase of the Pasco ASR Feasibility Study. V. DISCUSSION: The goal of a potential future Pasco ASR program would be to maintain robust and sustainable long-term water supplies for the City of Pasco without expanding Page 323 of 355 use of summer dry-season sources. By utilizing existing water rights in times of surplus supply to store water for later use, the City can optimize its supply portfolio in an environmentally sustainable way. The overall goal of this second phase of the project is to fill key data gaps identified during the initial Pasco ASR Feasibility Study prior to moving to the next phase of conducting site-specific exploratory drilling and testing investigations to further assess feasibility and to guide a future ASR drilling and testing program. Staff recommends approval of the Department of Ecology Agreement fo r the ASR Phase II Project. Page 324 of 355 Resolution – Ecology ASR Phase II Grant Agreement. - 1 RESOLUTION NO. _______ A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY OF PASCO, WASHINGTON, AUTHORIZING THE INTERIM CITY MANAGER TO EXECUTE THE GRANT AGREEMENT WITH THE WASHINGTON STATE DEPARTMENT OF ECOLOGY FOR THE AQUIFER STORAGE AND RECOVERY FEASIBILITY STUDY – PHASE II PROJECT. WHEREAS, on October 29, 2020, the City of Pasco (City) awarded GSI Water Solutions, Inc. the Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) Phase I Project; and WHEREAS, the City is evaluating the feasibility of developing an ASR program that would allow storing surplus water available from the City’s existing supply so urces in aquifers beneath the City for use during periods of peak-season demand; and WHEREAS, this project will build upon work completed under the first phase of the Pasco ASR Feasibility Study; and WHEREAS, to help fund this second phase, the City applied for and received a funding award from the Washington State Department of Ecology in the amount of $348,967.00 through the Office of Columbia River; and WHEREAS, these funds will be used to gather additional information to fill key data gaps identified during the initial Pasco ASR Feasibility Study prior to conducting any site-specific exploratory drilling and testing investigations to further assess feasibility and to guide a future ASR drilling and testing program; and WHEREAS, the City is required to enter into an agreement with Ecology for access to funds awarded to the City. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PASCO, WASHINGTON: That the City Council of the City of Pasco hereby authorizes the Interim City Manager for the City of Pasco to execute the funding agreement with the Department of Ecology, a copy of which is attached hereto and incorporated herein by this reference as Exhibit A; and to make minor substantive changes as necessary to execute the agreement. Page 325 of 355 Resolution – Ecology ASR Phase II Grant Agreement. - 2 Be It Further Resolved, that this Resolution shall take effect and be in full force immediately upon passage by the City Council. PASSED by the City Council of the City of Pasco, Washington, on this ____ day of ___________, 2023. _____________________________ Blanche Barajas Mayor ATTEST: APPROVED AS TO FORM: _____________________________ __________________________ Debra Barham, CMC Kerr Ferguson Law, PLLC City Clerk City Attorneys Page 326 of 355 Agreement No. WROCR-2123-Pasco-00033 WATER RESOURCES COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN WATER MANAGEMENT AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE STATE OF WASHINGTON DEPARTMENT OF ECOLOGY AND PASCO CITY OF This is a binding Agreement entered into by and between the state of Washington, Department of Ecology, hereinafter referred to as “ECOLOGY,” and PASCO CITY OF, hereinafter referred to as the “RECIPIENT,” to carry out with the provided funds activities described herein. City of Pasco Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) Feasibility Study–PhaseII GENERAL INFORMATION Project Title: Total Cost: Total Eligible Cost: Ecology Share: Recipient Share: The Effective Date of this Agreement is: The Expiration Date of this Agreement is no later than: Project Type: Project Short Description: The City of Pasco (City) is evaluating the feasibility of developing an ASR program that would allow storing surplus water available from the City’s existing supply sources in aquifers beneath the City for use during periods of peak-season demand. This project will build upon work completed under the first phase of the Pasco ASR Feasibility Study. Project Long Description: The City of Pasco (City) is evaluating the feasibility of developing an ASR program that would allow storing surplus water available from the City’s existing supply sources in aquifers beneath the City for use during periods of peak-season demand. The concept for a potential future Pasco ASR program would include withdrawing water from existing supply sources during the winter months when demands for water are low, injecting and storing that water in an aquifer system beneath the City using a well or series of wells, and recovering the stored water from those same wells to $348,967.00 $348,967.00 $348,967.00 $0.00 03/01/2023 03/31/2026 OCR Grant EXHIBIT A Page 327 of 355 Page 2 of 27State of Washington Department of Ecology Agreement No: Project Title: Recipient Name: WROCR-2123-Pasco-00033 City of Pasco Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) Feasibility Study–PhaseII PASCO CITY OF meet peak summer demands. This would allow the City to augment peak-season demand needs and help meet projected demand shortfalls without increasing permitted withdrawals from the Columbia River during the low-flow summer months. A successful Pasco ASR program would allow the City to optimize use of their portion of the Quad City water right permit and increase the sustainability and resiliency of their existing water supply sources. Findings from the initial feasibility study suggest that development of a Pasco ASR program appears feasible . The City is situated in a geologic region where the vast majority of operational ASR systems in the Pacific Northwest are located , including active ASR facilities currently operated by the cities of Kennewick , Walla Walla, and Pendleton. The Umatilla Member of the Saddle Mountains Basalt and the Frenchman Springs Member of the Wanapum Basalt have been identified as potential storage aquifers for a Pasco ASR program . Additional work however, is recommended to better understand ASR feasibility given the general lack of specific data on the target storage aquifers . Building upon existing and available information compiled and evaluated as part of the initial Pasco ASR feasibility study , this next phase of the study will address hydrogeologic and water quality data gaps identified for the two candidate basalt storage aquifers prior to conducting any site-specific exploratory or test well drilling investigations, and will complete a preliminary water quality evaluation to assess geochemical compatibility between source water and basalt groundwater. The water quality evaluation also will include a preliminary assessment of all known, available, and reasonable methods of prevention, control, and treatment (AKART) to identify the likely best approach to reduce or eliminate constituents that might violate the State’s anti -degradation policy (Chapter 173-200-030 WAC). Recommended next steps prior to conducting any site-specific drilling and testing investigations include (1) conducting reconnaissance surveys of key basalt wells in the area, (2) collecting and analyzing ASR supply water and proxy groundwater quality samples, and (3) completing a geochemical compatibility assessment to evaluate for potential adverse geochemical reactions between ASR supply water and groundwater and to identify contaminants likely to exceed groundwater quality criteria or baseline groundwater quality conditions. Overall Goal: The goal of a potential future Pasco ASR program would be to maintain robust and sustainable long -term water supplies for the City of Pasco without expanding use of summer dry-season sources. By utilizing existing water rights in times of surplus supply to store water for later use, the City can optimize its supply portfolio in an environmentally sustainable way. The overall goal of this phase of the project is to fill key data gaps identified during the initial Pasco ASR Feasibility Study prior to conducting any site-specific exploratory drilling and testing investigations to further assess feasibility and to guide a future ASR drilling and testing program. Template Version 12/10/2020 Page 328 of 355 Page 3 of 27State of Washington Department of Ecology Agreement No: Project Title: Recipient Name: WROCR-2123-Pasco-00033 City of Pasco Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) Feasibility Study–PhaseII PASCO CITY OF RECIPIENT INFORMATION Organization Name: Federal Tax ID: Mailing Address: Physical Address: Contacts Organization Email: Organization Fax: PASCO CITY OF 91-6001264 PO Box 293 Pasco, WA 99301 525 N Third Ave Pasco, Washington 99301 worleys@pasco-wa.gov (509) 543-5728 Template Version 12/10/2020 Page 329 of 355 Page 4 of 27State of Washington Department of Ecology Agreement No: Project Title: Recipient Name: WROCR-2123-Pasco-00033 City of Pasco Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) Feasibility Study–PhaseII PASCO CITY OF Steve Worley Public Works Director 525 N Third Ave Pasco, Washington 99301 Email: worleys@pasco-wa.gov Phone: (509) 545-3445 Authorized Signatory Janette Romero Admin Assistant II 525 N Third Ave Pasco, Washington 99301 Email: romeroj1@pasco-wa.gov Phone: (509) 543-5738 Billing Contact Project Manager Authorized Signatory Steve Worley Public Works Director 525 N Third Ave Pasco, Washington 99301 Email: worleys@pasco-wa.gov Phone: (509) 545-3445 Template Version 12/10/2020 Page 330 of 355 Page 5 of 27State of Washington Department of Ecology Agreement No: Project Title: Recipient Name: WROCR-2123-Pasco-00033 City of Pasco Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) Feasibility Study–PhaseII PASCO CITY OF Contacts Project Manager Financial Manager Technical Advisor Scott Tarbutton 4601 N Monroe Street Spokane, Washington 99205-1295 Email: scta461@ecy.wa.gov Phone: (509) 867-6534 Harmony Gehlert PO Box 47600 Olympia, Washington 98504-7600 Email: HGEH461@ecy.wa.gov Phone: (564) 669-3605 Scott Tarbutton 4601 N Monroe Street Spokane, Washington 99205-1295 Email: scta461@ecy.wa.gov Phone: (509) 867-6534 ECOLOGY INFORMATION Mailing Address: Physical Address: Department of Ecology Office of the Columbia River PO BOX 47600 Olympia, WA 98504-7600 Office of the Columbia River 300 Desmond Drive SE Lacey, WA 98503 Template Version 12/10/2020 Page 331 of 355 Page 6 of 27State of Washington Department of Ecology Agreement No: Project Title: Recipient Name: WROCR-2123-Pasco-00033 City of Pasco Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) Feasibility Study–PhaseII PASCO CITY OF AUTHORIZING SIGNATURES RECIPIENT agrees to furnish the necessary personnel , equipment, materials, services, and otherwise do all things necessary for or incidental to the performance of work as set forth in this Agreement . RECIPIENT acknowledges that they had the opportunity to review the entire Agreement , including all the terms and conditions of this Agreement, Scope of Work, attachments, and incorporated or referenced documents, as well as all applicable laws, statutes, rules, regulations, and guidelines mentioned in this Agreement . Furthermore, the RECIPIENT has read, understood, and accepts all requirements contained within this Agreement . This Agreement contains the entire understanding between the parties , and there are no other understandings or representations other than as set forth, or incorporated by reference, herein. No subsequent modifications or amendments to this agreement will be of any force or effect unless in writing , signed by authorized representatives of the RECIPIENT and ECOLOGY and made a part of this agreement . ECOLOGY and RECIPIENT may change their respective staff contacts without the concurrence of either party . This Agreement shall be subject to the written approval of Ecology’s authorized representative and shall not be binding until so approved. The signatories to this Agreement represent that they have the authority to execute this Agreement and bind their respective organizations to this Agreement. Washington State Department of Ecology Office of the Columbia River Date Date PASCO CITY OF G. Thomas Tebb, L.Hg., L.E.G. Public Works Director Steve Worley By:By: Template Approved to Form by Attorney General's Office Director Template Version 12/10/2020 Page 332 of 355 Page 7 of 27State of Washington Department of Ecology Agreement No: Project Title: Recipient Name: WROCR-2123-Pasco-00033 City of Pasco Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) Feasibility Study–PhaseII PASCO CITY OF Interim City Manager Date Adam Lincoln Template Version 12/10/2020 Page 333 of 355 Page 8 of 27State of Washington Department of Ecology Agreement No: Project Title: Recipient Name: WROCR-2123-Pasco-00033 City of Pasco Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) Feasibility Study–PhaseII PASCO CITY OF SCOPE OF WORK Task Number:1 Task Cost: $0.00 Task Title:Project Administration/Management Task Description: A. The RECIPIENT will administer the project. Responsibilities will include, but not be limited to: maintenance of project records; submittal of requests for reimbursement and corresponding backup documentation, progress reports and recipient closeout report (including photos); compliance with applicable procurement, contracting, and interlocal agreement requirements; application for, receipt of, and compliance with all required permits, licenses, easements, or property rights necessary for the project; and submittal of required performance items. B. The RECIPIENT must manage the project. Efforts will include: conducting, coordinating, and scheduling project activities and assuring quality control. Every effort will be made to maintain effective communication with the RECIPIENT 's designees; the DEPARTMENT; all affected local, state, or federal jurisdictions; and any interested individuals or groups. The RECIPIENT must carry out this project in accordance with any completion dates outlined in this agreement . Task Goal Statement: Properly managed project that meets agreement and Ecology administrative requirements. Task Expected Outcome: * Timely and complete submittal of requests for reimbursement , quarterly progress reports and recipient closeout report. * Properly maintained project documentation Recipient Task Coordinator: Steve M. Worley, PE Deliverables Project Administration/Management Number Description Due Date 1.1 Progress Reports 06/30/2023 1.2 Recipient Closeout Report 03/31/2026 Template Version 12/10/2020 Page 334 of 355 Page 9 of 27State of Washington Department of Ecology Agreement No: Project Title: Recipient Name: WROCR-2123-Pasco-00033 City of Pasco Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) Feasibility Study–PhaseII PASCO CITY OF SCOPE OF WORK Task Number:2 Task Cost: $55,103.00 Task Title:Basalt Well Reconnaissance Surveys Task Description: Three deep basalt wells identified as part of the initial feasibility study were recognized as key wells that could potentially provide additional information to further assess ASR feasibility prior to designing and conducting any site -specific exploratory drilling or basalt test well installations. Two of the wells were drilled for the U.S. Government Naval Air Station circa 1943. The wells are approximately 1,050-feet deep and are located somewhere near the Tri -Cities Airport. Based on their reported depths, the wells may be completed in the upper portion of the Wanapum Basalt . No construction diagrams were discovered for these wells and their status is unknown. An additional deep basalt well (Welch’s well) is in north Kennewick south of the study area. Based on the geologist and driller’s logs , the Welch’s well penetrated an interflow zone within the Umatilla Member that was approximately 50 feet thick and capable of very high groundwater yields. Specific work activities to be completed as part of this task include: •Review water rights information and parcel maps to help identify the actual locations and owners of the wells. •Obtain and review drillers’ logs for the airport wells that Durand & Son drilled in the early 1940’s for the U.S. government. We understand that the logs are not available in Ecology’s well log database and that the Durand family donated all their well logs and notes to Whitman College. •Prepare for and conduct a site visit of the wells to evaluate their availability for video surveying, groundwater level monitoring, pump testing, geophysical logging, and water quality sampling. •Prepare a draft technical memorandum and lead a presentation for Ecology that will summarize findings and recommend next steps. •Prepare a final technical memorandum based on Ecology review/comment. Should results indicate that the wells are available for evaluation and testing, a scope of work and budget amendment for this task will be prepared and requested to conduct the following anticipated work activities: •Develop a work plan and Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) for the recommended well evaluations, testing and sampling activities. Development of the plans will be completed in close coordination with and input from Ecology. •Prepare technical specifications for bidding/contracting a licensed water well contractor to assist with the investigative work. •Develop a project-specific health and safety plan for field activities. •Provide field oversight for the recommended investigative activities and conduct field work according to the approved work plan and QAPP. •Prepare a technical memorandum and lead a presentation for Ecology that will summarize work completed and results from the investigation, and that will provide a recommendation to proceed with Task 3 or to reevaluate next steps before moving forward. •Prepare a final technical memorandum based on Ecology review/comment. Task Goal Statement: The objective of this task is to facilitate filling key hydrogeologic and water quality data gaps to the extent possible with the purpose of further assessing ASR feasibility prior to designing and conducting any costly site -specific exploratory drilling or basalt test well installations. Template Version 12/10/2020 Page 335 of 355 Page 10 of 27State of Washington Department of Ecology Agreement No: Project Title: Recipient Name: WROCR-2123-Pasco-00033 City of Pasco Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) Feasibility Study–PhaseII PASCO CITY OF Task Expected Outcome: The expected outcomes of this task include a confirmation on the location and status of the three key basalt wells, summary of any additional hydrogeologic information discovered, and determination on whether the wells could be accessed for video surveying, groundwater level monitoring, pump testing, geophysical logging, and/or water quality sampling. The information gathered in this task will be included in a draft and final technical memorandum. Additional task outcomes will be identified through the budget amendment scoping process should the wells be available for evaluation and/or testing. Should the wells not be available for further evaluation and/or testing, the work proposed under subsequent Tasks 3 and 4 will be reassessed and a subsequent amendment to this agreement may be needed depending on agreed-upon next steps. Recipient Task Coordinator: Steve M. Worley, PE Deliverables Basalt Well Reconnaissance Surveys Number Description Due Date 2.1 Draft Technical Memorandum and presentation to Ecology 06/29/2023 2.2 Presentation meeting notes 07/13/2023 2.3 Final Technical Memorandum 07/31/2023 Template Version 12/10/2020 Page 336 of 355 Page 11 of 27State of Washington Department of Ecology Agreement No: Project Title: Recipient Name: WROCR-2123-Pasco-00033 City of Pasco Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) Feasibility Study–PhaseII PASCO CITY OF SCOPE OF WORK Task Number:3 Task Cost: $220,059.00 Task Title:Water Quality Evaluation Task Description: Collect water quality samples from the City’s West Pasco water treatment plant and Columbia River Intake and submit for comprehensive analyses by a State accredited water quality laboratory. Eight water quality samples will be collected from each identified sample location over a period of at least one year and analyzed to establish baseline conditions and water quality variability according to Ecology’s Implementation Guidance for the Ground Water Quality Standards (Publication # 96-02). The water quality sampling program will be developed in close coordination with and input from Ecology. If findings from Task 2 are favorable and Ecology authorizes the work to continue, the specific work activities to be completed as part of this Task 3 will include: •Plan for and lead water quality evaluation planning meeting with Ecology. •Develop a work plan and QAPP for water quality sampling and analyses . •Coordinate with and incorporate input from Ecology on preparation of the work plan and QAPP. •Develop a project-specific health and safety plan for field activities. •Plan for and coordinate all water quality sampling events with the City and analytical laboratory. •Monitor field parameters and collect water quality samples according to Ecology-approved work plan and QAPP. •Tabulate and summarize water quality laboratory test results and compare against drinking water and groundwater quality standards (Chapters 246-290-310 and 173-200-040 WAC). •Compare source water quality results against native groundwater quality data from the deep basalt wells during Task 2, and mineralogical and whole-rock composition data of the aquifer solids from the City of Kennewick ASR -1 feasibility study to complete a preliminary geochemical compatibility assessment. The geochemical compatibility assessment would evaluate the effect of potential geochemical reactions resulting from interactions between source water , receiving groundwater, and aquifer solids on well performance and on the quality of the native groundwater and source water recovered from storage. •Conduct a preliminary AKART analysis and prepare a draft overriding consideration of the public interest (OCPI) determination request. The preliminary AKART analysis and draft OCPI determination will be completed to evaluate the best approach to reduce or eliminate constituents that might violate the anti-degradation policy and to evaluate other strategies or approaches for meeting water quality criteria and the State’s anti -degradation policy. The AKART analysis and OCPI determination will be conducted according to Ecology’s Guidance for Aquifer Storage and Recovery AKART Analysis and Overriding Consideration of the Public Interest Demonstration (Publication No. 17-10-035). Task Goal Statement: The objective of this task is to assess whether the State’s groundwater quality standards can be met , with the purpose of identifying water treatment and infrastructure alternatives potentially available to reduce environmental risks of a future Pasco ASR program. Task Expected Outcome: The expected outcomes should Ecology authorize work to continue under this Task 3 will include findings from the water quality evaluation, preliminary AKART analysis, and draft OCPI determination request based on existing and available treatability data and provisions within Chapter 173-200 WAC. The expected outcomes also will include planning-level cost estimates for wellhead treatment based on the viable options identified and a recommendation to meet compliance with State Template Version 12/10/2020 Page 337 of 355 Page 12 of 27State of Washington Department of Ecology Agreement No: Project Title: Recipient Name: WROCR-2123-Pasco-00033 City of Pasco Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) Feasibility Study–PhaseII PASCO CITY OF groundwater quality standards. If the proposed work under Task 3 is not authorized by Ecology, an amendment to this agreement may be needed depending on agreed-upon next steps. Recipient Task Coordinator: Steve M. Worley, PE Deliverables Water Quality Evaluation Number Description Due Date 3.1 Draft Work Plan and Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) to Ecology 06/29/2023 3.2 Final Work Plan and QAPP 08/31/2023 3.3 Draft Water Quality Evaluation, preliminary AKART Analysis, and OCPI Determination Request Technical Memorandums and presentation to Ecology 06/26/2025 3.4 Presentation meeting notes 07/17/2025 3.5 Final Technical Memorandums 07/31/2025 Template Version 12/10/2020 Page 338 of 355 Page 13 of 27State of Washington Department of Ecology Agreement No: Project Title: Recipient Name: WROCR-2123-Pasco-00033 City of Pasco Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) Feasibility Study–PhaseII PASCO CITY OF SCOPE OF WORK Task Number:4 Task Cost: $73,805.00 Task Title:Phase II Pasco ASR Feasibility Study Report Task Description: Pending Ecology approval and authorization to move forward based on findings and recommendations from the preceding tasks, the purpose of this task will be to prepare a Phase II ASR Feasibility Study Report that will update the Initial ASR Feasibility Study Report based on results of Tasks 2 and 3. If there are feasible/viable options that the City in consultation with Ecology/OCR wants to pursue, then the Phase II report will include a project implementation plan. The project implementation plan will describe additional investigations and analysis needed to move development of a Pasco ASR program forward . The Phase II ASR report also will include a planning -level implementation path and associated cost estimate for the City to follow in developing one or more future ASR options . The Phase II ASR report will summarize findings from Tasks 2 and 3, and will include: •Updated findings from the Initial ASR Feasibility Study Report describing hydrogeologic , water quality and/or source water supply factors to consider in ASR. The planning-level implementation path described in the Phase II ASR Feasibility Study Report will summarize , for the highest ranked ASR site development option: •Additional data and/or analysis needs and recommendations. •Permitting pathway. •Project development plan and planning-level cost estimate. •A general project schedule , focusing on biennial time steps. •Planning level cost estimate(s) for preferred option. •An Ecology/OCR grant funding request if the City decides to proceed. Task Goal Statement: The objective of this task is to provide a determination regarding the feasibility of ASR in Pasco . If success of ASR is determined to be likely, then recommendations will be made for next steps. Task Expected Outcome: The expected outcome should Ecology authorize work to continue under this Task 4 is a summary of Phase II findings and a determination of whether ASR is feasible. If the proposed work under Task 4 is not authorized by Ecology, an amendment to this agreement may be needed depending on agreed-upon next steps. Template Version 12/10/2020 Page 339 of 355 Page 14 of 27State of Washington Department of Ecology Agreement No: Project Title: Recipient Name: WROCR-2123-Pasco-00033 City of Pasco Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) Feasibility Study–PhaseII PASCO CITY OF Recipient Task Coordinator: Steve M. Worley, PE Deliverables Phase II Pasco ASR Feasibility Study Report Number Description Due Date 4.1 Draft Phase II ASR Feasibility Study Report and presentation to Ecology 10/30/2025 4.2 Presentation meeting notes 11/13/2025 4.3 Final Phase II ASR Feasibility Study Report 12/31/2025 Template Version 12/10/2020 Page 340 of 355 Page 15 of 27State of Washington Department of Ecology Agreement No: Project Title: Recipient Name: WROCR-2123-Pasco-00033 City of Pasco Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) Feasibility Study–PhaseII PASCO CITY OF BUDGET Funding Distribution EG230197 NOTE: The above funding distribution number is used to identify this specific agreement and budget on payment remittances and may be referenced on other communications from ECOLOGY. Your agreement may have multiple funding distribution numbers to identify each budget. Title: State Columbia River Water Supply Development Account 100% Grants for the purpose of the assessment, planning and development of project that acquire and/or implement senior water rights, water conservation, water resuse, stream gaging, groundwater monitoring, and developing natural and constructed infrastructure designed to provide access to new water supplies. Type: Funding Source %: Description: FDFund: Approved Indirect Costs Rate: Recipient Match %: InKind Interlocal Allowed: InKind Other Allowed: Is this Funding Distribution used to match a federal grant? No Approved State Indirect Rate: 30% 0% No No Funding Title: Funding Source: Funding Expiration Date: Funding Type: Funding Effective Date: 21-23 Columbia River Water Supply Dev. 03/01/2023 03/31/2026 Grant 21-23 Columbia River Water Supply Dev.Task Total Project Administration/Management 0.00$ Basalt Well Reconnaissance Surveys 55,103.00$ Water Quality Evaluation 220,059.00$ Phase II Pasco ASR Feasibility Study Report 73,805.00$ 348,967.00$Total: Template Version 12/10/2020 Page 341 of 355 Page 16 of 27State of Washington Department of Ecology Agreement No: Project Title: Recipient Name: WROCR-2123-Pasco-00033 City of Pasco Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) Feasibility Study–PhaseII PASCO CITY OF Funding Distribution Summary Recipient / Ecology Share Recipient Share Ecology Share TotalRecipient Match %Funding Distribution Name $$$%348,967.00 348,967.000.000.0021-23 Columbia River Water Supply Dev. Total $$0.00 348,967.00 $348,967.00 AGREEMENT SPECIFIC TERMS AND CONDITIONS N/A SPECIAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS GENERAL FEDERAL CONDITIONS If a portion or all of the funds for this agreement are provided through federal funding sources or this agreement is used to match a federal grant award, the following terms and conditions apply to you. A. CERTIFICATION REGARDING SUSPENSION, DEBARMENT, INELIGIBILITY OR VOLUNTARY EXCLUSION: 1.The RECIPIENT/CONTRACTOR, by signing this agreement, certifies that it is not suspended, debarred, proposed for debarment, declared ineligible or otherwise excluded from contracting with the federal government, or from receiving contracts paid for with federal funds. If the RECIPIENT/CONTRACTOR is unable to certify to the statements contained in the certification, they must provide an explanation as to why they cannot. 2.The RECIPIENT/CONTRACTOR shall provide immediate written notice to ECOLOGY if at any time the RECIPIENT/CONTRACTOR learns that its certification was erroneous when submitted or had become erroneous by reason of changed circumstances. 3.The terms covered transaction, debarred, suspended, ineligible, lower tier covered transaction, participant, person, primary covered transaction, principal, proposal, and voluntarily excluded, as used in this clause, have the meaning set out in the Definitions and Coverage sections of rules implementing Executive Order 12549. You may contact ECOLOGY for assistance in obtaining a copy of those regulations . 4.The RECIPIENT/CONTRACTOR agrees it shall not knowingly enter into any lower tier covered transaction with a person who is proposed for debarment under the applicable Code of Federal Regulations, debarred, suspended, declared ineligible, or voluntarily excluded from participation in this covered transaction. 5.The RECIPIENT/CONTRACTOR further agrees by signing this agreement , that it will include this clause titled “CERTIFICATION REGARDING SUSPENSION, DEBARMENT, INELIGIBILITY OR VOLUNTARY EXCLUSION” without modification in all lower tier covered transactions and in all solicitations for lower tier covered transactions. 6.Pursuant to 2CFR180.330, the RECIPIENT/CONTRACTOR is responsible for ensuring that any lower tier covered transaction complies with certification of suspension and debarment requirements. Template Version 12/10/2020 Page 342 of 355 Page 17 of 27State of Washington Department of Ecology Agreement No: Project Title: Recipient Name: WROCR-2123-Pasco-00033 City of Pasco Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) Feasibility Study–PhaseII PASCO CITY OF 7.RECIPIENT/CONTRACTOR acknowledges that failing to disclose the information required in the Code of Federal Regulations may result in the delay or negation of this funding agreement, or pursuance of legal remedies, including suspension and debarment. 8.RECIPIENT/CONTRACTOR agrees to keep proof in its agreement file , that it, and all lower tier recipients or contractors, are not suspended or debarred, and will make this proof available to ECOLOGY before requests for reimbursements will be approved for payment. RECIPIENT/CONTRACTOR must run a search in <http://www.sam.gov> and print a copy of completed searches to document proof of compliance. B. FEDERAL FUNDING ACCOUNTABILITY AND TRANSPARENCY ACT (FFATA) REPORTING REQUIREMENTS: CONTRACTOR/RECIPIENT must complete the FFATA Data Collection Form (ECY 070-395) and return it with the signed agreement to ECOLOGY. Any CONTRACTOR/RECIPIENT that meets each of the criteria below must report compensation for its five top executives using the FFATA Data Collection Form . ·Receives more than $30,000 in federal funds under this award. ·Receives more than 80 percent of its annual gross revenues from federal funds. ·Receives more than $25,000,000 in annual federal funds. Ecology will not pay any invoices until it has received a completed and signed FFATA Data Collection Form . Ecology is required to report the FFATA information for federally funded agreements , including the required Unique Entity Identifier in www.sam.gov <http://www.sam.gov/> within 30 days of agreement signature. The FFATA information will be available to the public at www.usaspending.gov <http://www.usaspending.gov/>. For more details on FFATA requirements, see www.fsrs.gov <http://www.fsrs.gov/>. C. FEDERAL FUNDING PROHIBITION ON CERTAIN TELECOMMUNICATIONS OR VIDEO SURVEILLANCE SERVICES OR EQUIPMENT: As required by 2 CFR 200.216, federal grant or loan recipients and subrecipients are prohibited from obligating or expending loan or grant funds to: 1.Procure or obtain; 2.Extend or renew a contract to procure or obtain; or 3.Enter into a contract (or extend or renew a contract) to procure or obtain equipment, services, or systems that use covered telecommunications equipment, video surveillance services or services as a substantial or essential component of any system, or as critical technology as part of any system. As described in Public Law 115-232 <https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-115publ232/pdf/PLAW-115publ232.pdf>, section 889, covered telecommunications equipment is telecommunications equipment produced by Huawei Technologies Company or ZTE Corporation (or any subsidiary or affiliate of such entities ). Recipients, subrecipients, and borrowers also may not use federal funds to purchase certain prohibited equipment, systems, or services, including equipment, systems, or services produced or provided by entities identified in section 889, are recorded in the System for Award Management (SAM) <https://sam.gov/SAM/> exclusion list. Template Version 12/10/2020 Page 343 of 355 Page 18 of 27State of Washington Department of Ecology Agreement No: Project Title: Recipient Name: WROCR-2123-Pasco-00033 City of Pasco Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) Feasibility Study–PhaseII PASCO CITY OF Template Version 12/10/2020 Page 344 of 355 Page 19 of 27State of Washington Department of Ecology Agreement No: Project Title: Recipient Name: WROCR-2123-Pasco-00033 City of Pasco Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) Feasibility Study–PhaseII PASCO CITY OF GENERAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS Pertaining to Grant and Loan Agreements With the state of Washington, Department of Ecology GENERAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS For DEPARTMENT OF ECOLOGY GRANTS and LOANS 06/24/2021 Version 1. ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS a) RECIPIENT shall follow the "Administrative Requirements for Recipients of Ecology Grants and Loans – EAGL Edition ." (https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/publications/SummaryPages/1701004.html) b) RECIPIENT shall complete all activities funded by this Agreement and be fully responsible for the proper management of all funds and resources made available under this Agreement . c) RECIPIENT agrees to take complete responsibility for all actions taken under this Agreement , including ensuring all subgrantees and contractors comply with the terms and conditions of this Agreement . ECOLOGY reserves the right to request proof of compliance by subgrantees and contractors. d) RECIPIENT’s activities under this Agreement shall be subject to the review and approval by ECOLOGY for the extent and character of all work and services. 2. AMENDMENTS AND MODIFICATIONS This Agreement may be altered, amended, or waived only by a written amendment executed by both parties. No subsequent modification(s) or amendment(s) of this Agreement will be of any force or effect unless in writing and signed by authorized representatives of both parties. ECOLOGY and the RECIPIENT may change their respective staff contacts and administrative information without the concurrence of either party. 3. ACCESSIBILITY REQUIREMENTS FOR COVERED TECHNOLOGY The RECIPIENT must comply with the Washington State Office of the Chief Information Officer , OCIO Policy no. 188, Accessibility (https://ocio.wa.gov/policy/accessibility) as it relates to “covered technology.” This requirement applies to all products supplied under the Agreement , providing equal access to information technology by individuals with disabilities, including and not limited to web sites/pages, web-based applications, software systems, video and audio content, and electronic documents intended for publishing on Ecology’s public web site . 4. ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND CULTURAL RESOURCES RECIPIENT shall take all reasonable action to avoid, minimize, or mitigate adverse effects to archaeological and historic archaeological sites, historic buildings/structures, traditional cultural places, sacred sites, or other cultural resources, hereby referred to as Cultural Resources. The RECIPIENT must agree to hold harmless ECOLOGY in relation to any claim related to Cultural Resources discovered , disturbed, or damaged due to the RECIPIENT’s project funded under this Agreement . RECIPIENT shall: a) Contact the ECOLOGY Program issuing the grant or loan to discuss any Cultural Resources requirements for their project : • Cultural Resource Consultation and Review should be initiated early in the project planning process and must be completed prior to expenditure of Agreement funds as required by applicable State and Federal requirements . * For state funded construction, demolition, or land acquisitions, comply with Governor Executive Order 21-02, Archaeological and Cultural Resources. Template Version 12/10/2020 Page 345 of 355 Page 20 of 27State of Washington Department of Ecology Agreement No: Project Title: Recipient Name: WROCR-2123-Pasco-00033 City of Pasco Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) Feasibility Study–PhaseII PASCO CITY OF • For projects with any federal involvement, comply with the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 (Section 106). b) If required by the ECOLOGY Program, submit an Inadvertent Discovery Plan (IDP) to ECOLOGY prior to implementing any project that involves field activities. ECOLOGY will provide the IDP form. RECIPIENT shall: • Keep the IDP at the project site. • Make the IDP readily available to anyone working at the project site . • Discuss the IDP with staff, volunteers, and contractors working at the project site. • Implement the IDP when Cultural Resources or human remains are found at the project site . c) If any Cultural Resources are found while conducting work under this Agreement , follow the protocol outlined in the project IDP. • Immediately stop work and notify the ECOLOGY Program, who will notify the Department of Archaeology and Historic Preservation at (360) 586-3065, any affected Tribe, and the local government. d) If any human remains are found while conducting work under this Agreement , follow the protocol outlined in the project IDP. • Immediately stop work and notify the local Law Enforcement Agency or Medical Examiner /Coroner’s Office, the Department of Archaeology and Historic Preservation at (360) 790-1633, and then the ECOLOGY Program. e) Comply with RCW 27.53, RCW 27.44, and RCW 68.50.645, and all other applicable local, state, and federal laws protecting Cultural Resources and human remains. 5. ASSIGNMENT No right or claim of the RECIPIENT arising under this Agreement shall be transferred or assigned by the RECIPIENT . 6. COMMUNICATION RECIPIENT shall make every effort to maintain effective communications with the RECIPIENT 's designees, ECOLOGY, all affected local, state, or federal jurisdictions, and any interested individuals or groups. 7. COMPENSATION a) Any work performed prior to effective date of this Agreement will be at the sole expense and risk of the RECIPIENT . ECOLOGY must sign the Agreement before any payment requests can be submitted . b) Payments will be made on a reimbursable basis for approved and completed work as specified in this Agreement . c) RECIPIENT is responsible to determine if costs are eligible. Any questions regarding eligibility should be clarified with ECOLOGY prior to incurring costs. Costs that are conditionally eligible require approval by ECOLOGY prior to expenditure . d) RECIPIENT shall not invoice more than once per month unless agreed on by ECOLOGY . e) ECOLOGY will not process payment requests without the proper reimbursement forms , Progress Report and supporting documentation. ECOLOGY will provide instructions for submitting payment requests . f) ECOLOGY will pay the RECIPIENT thirty (30) days after receipt of a properly completed request for payment. g) RECIPIENT will receive payment through Washington State’s Office of Financial Management’s Statewide Payee Desk . To receive payment you must register as a statewide vendor by submitting a statewide vendor registration form and an IRS W -9 form at website, https://ofm.wa.gov/it-systems/statewide-vendorpayee-services. If you have questions about the vendor registration process, you can contact Statewide Payee Help Desk at (360) 407-8180 or email PayeeRegistration@ofm.wa.gov. h) ECOLOGY may, at its sole discretion, withhold payments claimed by the RECIPIENT if the RECIPIENT fails to satisfactorily comply with any term or condition of this Agreement . i) Monies withheld by ECOLOGY may be paid to the RECIPIENT when the work described herein , or a portion thereof, has been completed if, at ECOLOGY's sole discretion, such payment is reasonable and approved according to this Agreement , as appropriate, or upon completion of an audit as specified herein. Template Version 12/10/2020 Page 346 of 355 Page 21 of 27State of Washington Department of Ecology Agreement No: Project Title: Recipient Name: WROCR-2123-Pasco-00033 City of Pasco Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) Feasibility Study–PhaseII PASCO CITY OF j) RECIPIENT must submit within thirty (30) days after the expiration date of this Agreement, all financial, performance, and other reports required by this Agreement. Failure to comply may result in delayed reimbursement. 8. COMPLIANCE WITH ALL LAWS RECIPIENT agrees to comply fully with all applicable federal, state and local laws, orders, regulations, and permits related to this Agreement, including but not limited to: a) RECIPIENT agrees to comply with all applicable laws, regulations, and policies of the United States and the State of Washington which affect wages and job safety . b) RECIPIENT agrees to be bound by all applicable federal and state laws , regulations, and policies against discrimination. c) RECIPIENT certifies full compliance with all applicable state industrial insurance requirements . d) RECIPIENT agrees to secure and provide assurance to ECOLOGY that all the necessary approvals and permits required by authorities having jurisdiction over the project are obtained. RECIPIENT must include time in their project timeline for the permit and approval processes. ECOLOGY shall have the right to immediately terminate for cause this Agreement as provided herein if the RECIPIENT fails to comply with above requirements. If any provision of this Agreement violates any statute or rule of law of the state of Washington , it is considered modified to conform to that statute or rule of law. 9. CONFLICT OF INTEREST RECIPIENT and ECOLOGY agree that any officer, member, agent, or employee, who exercises any function or responsibility in the review, approval, or carrying out of this Agreement, shall not have any personal or financial interest, direct or indirect, nor affect the interest of any corporation, partnership, or association in which he/she is a part, in this Agreement or the proceeds thereof. 10. CONTRACTING FOR GOODS AND SERVICES RECIPIENT may contract to buy goods or services related to its performance under this Agreement . RECIPIENT shall award all contracts for construction, purchase of goods, equipment, services, and professional architectural and engineering services through a competitive process, if required by State law. RECIPIENT is required to follow procurement procedures that ensure legal, fair, and open competition. RECIPIENT must have a standard procurement process or follow current state procurement procedures . RECIPIENT may be required to provide written certification that they have followed their standard procurement procedures and applicable state law in awarding contracts under this Agreement . ECOLOGY reserves the right to inspect and request copies of all procurement documentation , and review procurement practices related to this Agreement. Any costs incurred as a result of procurement practices not in compliance with state procurement law or the RECIPIENT's normal procedures may be disallowed at ECOLOGY’s sole discretion . 11. DISPUTES When there is a dispute with regard to the extent and character of the work, or any other matter related to this Agreement the determination of ECOLOGY will govern, although the RECIPIENT shall have the right to appeal decisions as provided for below: a) RECIPIENT notifies the funding program of an appeal request . b) Appeal request must be in writing and state the disputed issue(s). c) RECIPIENT has the opportunity to be heard and offer evidence in support of its appeal . d) ECOLOGY reviews the RECIPIENT’s appeal. e) ECOLOGY sends a written answer within ten (10) business days, unless more time is needed, after concluding the review. Template Version 12/10/2020 Page 347 of 355 Page 22 of 27State of Washington Department of Ecology Agreement No: Project Title: Recipient Name: WROCR-2123-Pasco-00033 City of Pasco Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) Feasibility Study–PhaseII PASCO CITY OF The decision of ECOLOGY from an appeal will be final and conclusive , unless within thirty (30) days from the date of such decision, the RECIPIENT furnishes to the Director of ECOLOGY a written appeal. The decision of the Director or duly authorized representative will be final and conclusive. The parties agree that this dispute process will precede any action in a judicial or quasi-judicial tribunal. Appeals of the Director's decision will be brought in the Superior Court of Thurston County . Review of the Director’s decision will not be taken to Environmental and Land Use Hearings Office . Pending final decision of a dispute, the RECIPIENT agrees to proceed diligently with the performance of this Agreement and in accordance with the decision rendered. Nothing in this Agreement will be construed to limit the parties’ choice of another mutually acceptable method , in addition to the dispute resolution procedure outlined above. 12. ENVIRONMENTAL DATA STANDARDS a) RECIPIENT shall prepare a Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) for a project that collects or uses environmental measurement data. RECIPIENTS unsure about whether a QAPP is required for their project shall contact the ECOLOGY Program issuing the grant or loan. If a QAPP is required, the RECIPIENT shall: • Use ECOLOGY’s QAPP Template/Checklist provided by the ECOLOGY, unless ECOLOGY Quality Assurance (QA) officer or the Program QA coordinator instructs otherwise. • Follow ECOLOGY’s Guidelines for Preparing Quality Assurance Project Plans for Environmental Studies , July 2004 (Ecology Publication No. 04-03-030). • Submit the QAPP to ECOLOGY for review and approval before the start of the work . b) RECIPIENT shall submit environmental data that was collected on a project to ECOLOGY using the Environmental Information Management system (EIM), unless the ECOLOGY Program instructs otherwise. The RECIPIENT must confirm with ECOLOGY that complete and correct data was successfully loaded into EIM , find instructions at: http://www.ecy.wa.gov/eim. c) RECIPIENT shall follow ECOLOGY’s data standards when Geographic Information System (GIS) data is collected and processed. Guidelines for Creating and Accessing GIS Data are available at : https://ecology.wa.gov/Research-Data/Data-resources/Geographic-Information-Systems-GIS/Standards. RECIPIENT, when requested by ECOLOGY, shall provide copies to ECOLOGY of all final GIS data layers, imagery, related tables, raw data collection files, map products, and all metadata and project documentation. 13. GOVERNING LAW This Agreement will be governed by the laws of the State of Washington , and the venue of any action brought hereunder will be in the Superior Court of Thurston County. 14. INDEMNIFICATION ECOLOGY will in no way be held responsible for payment of salaries , consultant's fees, and other costs related to the project described herein, except as provided in the Scope of Work. To the extent that the Constitution and laws of the State of Washington permit , each party will indemnify and hold the other harmless from and against any liability for any or all injuries to persons or property arising from the negligent act or omission of that party or that party's agents or employees arising out of this Agreement . 15. INDEPENDENT STATUS The employees, volunteers, or agents of each party who are engaged in the performance of this Agreement will continue to be employees, volunteers, or agents of that party and will not for any purpose be employees, volunteers, or agents of the other party. Template Version 12/10/2020 Page 348 of 355 Page 23 of 27State of Washington Department of Ecology Agreement No: Project Title: Recipient Name: WROCR-2123-Pasco-00033 City of Pasco Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) Feasibility Study–PhaseII PASCO CITY OF 16. KICKBACKS RECIPIENT is prohibited from inducing by any means any person employed or otherwise involved in this Agreement to give up any part of the compensation to which he/she is otherwise entitled to or receive any fee, commission, or gift in return for award of a subcontract hereunder. 17. MINORITY AND WOMEN’S BUSINESS ENTERPRISES (MWBE) RECIPIENT is encouraged to solicit and recruit, to the extent possible, certified minority-owned (MBE) and women-owned (WBE) businesses in purchases and contracts initiated under this Agreement . Contract awards or rejections cannot be made based on MWBE participation; however, the RECIPIENT is encouraged to take the following actions, when possible, in any procurement under this Agreement : a) Include qualified minority and women's businesses on solicitation lists whenever they are potential sources of goods or services. b) Divide the total requirements, when economically feasible, into smaller tasks or quantities, to permit maximum participation by qualified minority and women's businesses. c) Establish delivery schedules, where work requirements permit, which will encourage participation of qualified minority and women's businesses. d) Use the services and assistance of the Washington State Office of Minority and Women 's Business Enterprises (OMWBE) (866-208-1064) and the Office of Minority Business Enterprises of the U.S. Department of Commerce, as appropriate. 18. ORDER OF PRECEDENCE In the event of inconsistency in this Agreement, unless otherwise provided herein, the inconsistency shall be resolved by giving precedence in the following order: (a) applicable federal and state statutes and regulations; (b) The Agreement; (c) Scope of Work; (d) Special Terms and Conditions; (e) Any provisions or terms incorporated herein by reference, including the "Administrative Requirements for Recipients of Ecology Grants and Loans"; (f) Ecology Funding Program Guidelines; and (g) General Terms and Conditions. 19. PRESENTATION AND PROMOTIONAL MATERIALS ECOLOGY reserves the right to approve RECIPIENT’s communication documents and materials related to the fulfillment of this Agreement: a) If requested, RECIPIENT shall provide a draft copy to ECOLOGY for review and approval ten (10) business days prior to production and distribution. b) RECIPIENT shall include time for ECOLOGY’s review and approval process in their project timeline . c) If requested, RECIPIENT shall provide ECOLOGY two (2) final copies and an electronic copy of any tangible products developed. Copies include any printed materials, and all tangible products developed such as brochures, manuals, pamphlets, videos, audio tapes, CDs, curriculum, posters, media announcements, or gadgets with a message, such as a refrigerator magnet, and any online communications, such as web pages, blogs, and twitter campaigns. If it is not practical to provide a copy, then the RECIPIENT shall provide a description (photographs, drawings, printouts, etc.) that best represents the item. Any communications intended for public distribution that uses ECOLOGY’s logo shall comply with ECOLOGY’s graphic requirements and any additional requirements specified in this Agreement . Before the use of ECOLOGY’s logo contact ECOLOGY for guidelines. RECIPIENT shall acknowledge in the communications that funding was provided by ECOLOGY . 20. PROGRESS REPORTING Template Version 12/10/2020 Page 349 of 355 Page 24 of 27State of Washington Department of Ecology Agreement No: Project Title: Recipient Name: WROCR-2123-Pasco-00033 City of Pasco Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) Feasibility Study–PhaseII PASCO CITY OF a) RECIPIENT must satisfactorily demonstrate the timely use of funds by submitting payment requests and progress reports to ECOLOGY. ECOLOGY reserves the right to amend or terminate this Agreement if the RECIPIENT does not document timely use of funds. b) RECIPIENT must submit a progress report with each payment request . Payment requests will not be processed without a progress report. ECOLOGY will define the elements and frequency of progress reports . c) RECIPIENT shall use ECOLOGY’s provided progress report format. d) Quarterly progress reports will cover the periods from January 1 through March 31, April 1 through June 30, July 1 through September 30, and October 1 through December 31. Reports shall be submitted within thirty (30) days after the end of the quarter being reported. e) RECIPIENT must submit within thirty (30) days of the expiration date of the project, unless an extension has been approved by ECOLOGY, all financial, performance, and other reports required by the Agreement and funding program guidelines . RECIPIENT shall use the ECOLOGY provided closeout report format. 21. PROPERTY RIGHTS a) Copyrights and Patents. When the RECIPIENT creates any copyrightable materials or invents any patentable property under this Agreement, the RECIPIENT may copyright or patent the same but ECOLOGY retains a royalty free , nonexclusive, and irrevocable license to reproduce, publish, recover, or otherwise use the material(s) or property, and to authorize others to use the same for federal, state, or local government purposes. b) Publications. When the RECIPIENT or persons employed by the RECIPIENT use or publish ECOLOGY information ; present papers, lectures, or seminars involving information supplied by ECOLOGY; or use logos, reports, maps, or other data in printed reports, signs, brochures, pamphlets, etc., appropriate credit shall be given to ECOLOGY. c) Presentation and Promotional Materials. ECOLOGY shall have the right to use or reproduce any printed or graphic materials produced in fulfillment of this Agreement , in any manner ECOLOGY deems appropriate. ECOLOGY shall acknowledge the RECIPIENT as the sole copyright owner in every use or reproduction of the materials . d) Tangible Property Rights. ECOLOGY's current edition of "Administrative Requirements for Recipients of Ecology Grants and Loans," shall control the use and disposition of all real and personal property purchased wholly or in part with funds furnished by ECOLOGY in the absence of state and federal statutes , regulations, or policies to the contrary, or upon specific instructions with respect thereto in this Agreement . e) Personal Property Furnished by ECOLOGY. When ECOLOGY provides personal property directly to the RECIPIENT for use in performance of the project, it shall be returned to ECOLOGY prior to final payment by ECOLOGY . If said property is lost, stolen, or damaged while in the RECIPIENT's possession, then ECOLOGY shall be reimbursed in cash or by setoff by the RECIPIENT for the fair market value of such property . f) Acquisition Projects. The following provisions shall apply if the project covered by this Agreement includes funds for the acquisition of land or facilities: 1. RECIPIENT shall establish that the cost is fair value and reasonable prior to disbursement of funds provided for in this Agreement. 2. RECIPIENT shall provide satisfactory evidence of title or ability to acquire title for each parcel prior to disbursement of funds provided by this Agreement. Such evidence may include title insurance policies, Torrens certificates, or abstracts, and attorney's opinions establishing that the land is free from any impediment, lien, or claim which would impair the uses intended by this Agreement. g) Conversions. Regardless of the Agreement expiration date , the RECIPIENT shall not at any time convert any equipment , property, or facility acquired or developed under this Agreement to uses other than those for which assistance was originally approved without prior written approval of ECOLOGY. Such approval may be conditioned upon payment to ECOLOGY of that portion of the proceeds of the sale, lease, or other conversion or encumbrance which monies granted pursuant to this Agreement bear to the total acquisition, purchase, or construction costs of such property. Template Version 12/10/2020 Page 350 of 355 Page 25 of 27State of Washington Department of Ecology Agreement No: Project Title: Recipient Name: WROCR-2123-Pasco-00033 City of Pasco Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) Feasibility Study–PhaseII PASCO CITY OF 22. RECORDS, AUDITS, AND INSPECTIONS RECIPIENT shall maintain complete program and financial records relating to this Agreement , including any engineering documentation and field inspection reports of all construction work accomplished. All records shall: a) Be kept in a manner which provides an audit trail for all expenditures. b) Be kept in a common file to facilitate audits and inspections. c) Clearly indicate total receipts and expenditures related to this Agreement . d) Be open for audit or inspection by ECOLOGY, or by any duly authorized audit representative of the State of Washington , for a period of at least three (3) years after the final grant payment or loan repayment, or any dispute resolution hereunder. RECIPIENT shall provide clarification and make necessary adjustments if any audits or inspections identify discrepancies in the records. ECOLOGY reserves the right to audit, or have a designated third party audit, applicable records to ensure that the state has been properly invoiced. Any remedies and penalties allowed by law to recover monies determined owed will be enforced. Repetitive instances of incorrect invoicing or inadequate records may be considered cause for termination. All work performed under this Agreement and any property and equipment purchased shall be made available to ECOLOGY and to any authorized state, federal or local representative for inspection at any time during the course of this Agreement and for at least three (3) years following grant or loan termination or dispute resolution hereunder. RECIPIENT shall provide right of access to ECOLOGY, or any other authorized representative, at all reasonable times, in order to monitor and evaluate performance, compliance, and any other conditions under this Agreement . 23. RECOVERY OF FUNDS The right of the RECIPIENT to retain monies received as reimbursement payments is contingent upon satisfactory performance of this Agreement and completion of the work described in the Scope of Work . All payments to the RECIPIENT are subject to approval and audit by ECOLOGY , and any unauthorized expenditure(s) or unallowable cost charged to this Agreement shall be refunded to ECOLOGY by the RECIPIENT . RECIPIENT shall refund to ECOLOGY the full amount of any erroneous payment or overpayment under this Agreement . RECIPIENT shall refund by check payable to ECOLOGY the amount of any such reduction of payments or repayments within thirty (30) days of a written notice. Interest will accrue at the rate of twelve percent (12%) per year from the time ECOLOGY demands repayment of funds. Any property acquired under this Agreement , at the option of ECOLOGY, may become ECOLOGY's property and the RECIPIENT's liability to repay monies will be reduced by an amount reflecting the fair value of such property. 24. SEVERABILITY If any provision of this Agreement or any provision of any document incorporated by reference shall be held invalid , such invalidity shall not affect the other provisions of this Agreement which can be given effect without the invalid provision , and to this end the provisions of this Agreement are declared to be severable . 25. STATE ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY ACT (SEPA) RECIPIENT must demonstrate to ECOLOGY’s satisfaction that compliance with the requirements of the State Environmental Policy Act (Chapter 43.21C RCW and Chapter 197-11 WAC) have been or will be met. Any reimbursements are subject to this provision. 26. SUSPENSION When in the best interest of ECOLOGY, ECOLOGY may at any time, and without cause, suspend this Agreement or any portion thereof for a temporary period by written notice from ECOLOGY to the RECIPIENT . RECIPIENT shall resume performance on the next business day following the suspension period unless another day is specified by ECOLOGY. Template Version 12/10/2020 Page 351 of 355 Page 26 of 27State of Washington Department of Ecology Agreement No: Project Title: Recipient Name: WROCR-2123-Pasco-00033 City of Pasco Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) Feasibility Study–PhaseII PASCO CITY OF 27. SUSTAINABLE PRACTICES In order to sustain Washington’s natural resources and ecosystems , the RECIPIENT is fully encouraged to implement sustainable practices and to purchase environmentally preferable products under this Agreement . a) Sustainable practices may include such activities as: use of clean energy, use of double-sided printing, hosting low impact meetings, and setting up recycling and composting programs. b) Purchasing may include such items as: sustainably produced products and services, EPEAT registered computers and imaging equipment, independently certified green cleaning products, remanufactured toner cartridges, products with reduced packaging, office products that are refillable , rechargeable, and recyclable, 100% post-consumer recycled paper, and toxic free products. For more suggestions visit ECOLOGY’s web page, Green Purchasing, https://ecology.wa.gov/Regulations-Permits/Guidance-technical-assistance/Sustainable-purchasing. 28. TERMINATION a) For Cause ECOLOGY may terminate for cause this Agreement with a seven (7) calendar days prior written notification to the RECIPIENT, at the sole discretion of ECOLOGY, for failing to perform an Agreement requirement or for a material breach of any term or condition. If this Agreement is so terminated, the parties shall be liable only for performance rendered or costs incurred in accordance with the terms of this Agreement prior to the effective date of termination . Failure to Commence Work. ECOLOGY reserves the right to terminate this Agreement if RECIPIENT fails to commence work on the project funded within four (4) months after the effective date of this Agreement, or by any date mutually agreed upon in writing for commencement of work, or the time period defined within the Scope of Work . Non-Performance. The obligation of ECOLOGY to the RECIPIENT is contingent upon satisfactory performance by the RECIPIENT of all of its obligations under this Agreement. In the event the RECIPIENT unjustifiably fails, in the opinion of ECOLOGY, to perform any obligation required of it by this Agreement , ECOLOGY may refuse to pay any further funds, terminate in whole or in part this Agreement, and exercise any other rights under this Agreement . Despite the above, the RECIPIENT shall not be relieved of any liability to ECOLOGY for damages sustained by ECOLOGY and the State of Washington because of any breach of this Agreement by the RECIPIENT . ECOLOGY may withhold payments for the purpose of setoff until such time as the exact amount of damages due ECOLOGY from the RECIPIENT is determined. b) For Convenience ECOLOGY may terminate for convenience this Agreement , in whole or in part, for any reason when it is the best interest of ECOLOGY, with a thirty (30) calendar days prior written notification to the RECIPIENT, except as noted below. If this Agreement is so terminated, the parties shall be liable only for performance rendered or costs incurred in accordance with the terms of this Agreement prior to the effective date of termination . Non-Allocation of Funds. ECOLOGY’s ability to make payments is contingent on availability of funding . In the event funding from state, federal or other sources is withdrawn, reduced, or limited in any way after the effective date and prior to the completion or expiration date of this Agreement, ECOLOGY, at its sole discretion, may elect to terminate the Agreement, in whole or part, or renegotiate the Agreement, subject to new funding limitations or conditions. ECOLOGY may also elect to suspend performance of the Agreement until ECOLOGY determines the funding insufficiency is resolved . ECOLOGY may exercise any of these options with no notification or restrictions, although ECOLOGY will make a reasonable attempt to provide notice. In the event of termination or suspension, ECOLOGY will reimburse eligible costs incurred by the RECIPIENT through the effective date of termination or suspension. Reimbursed costs must be agreed to by ECOLOGY and the RECIPIENT . In no Template Version 12/10/2020 Page 352 of 355 Page 27 of 27State of Washington Department of Ecology Agreement No: Project Title: Recipient Name: WROCR-2123-Pasco-00033 City of Pasco Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) Feasibility Study–PhaseII PASCO CITY OF event shall ECOLOGY’s reimbursement exceed ECOLOGY’s total responsibility under the Agreement and any amendments . If payments have been discontinued by ECOLOGY due to unavailable funds , the RECIPIENT shall not be obligated to repay monies which had been paid to the RECIPIENT prior to such termination . RECIPIENT’s obligation to continue or complete the work described in this Agreement shall be contingent upon availability of funds by the RECIPIENT's governing body. c) By Mutual Agreement ECOLOGY and the RECIPIENT may terminate this Agreement, in whole or in part, at any time, by mutual written agreement. d) In Event of Termination All finished or unfinished documents, data studies, surveys, drawings, maps, models, photographs, reports or other materials prepared by the RECIPIENT under this Agreement, at the option of ECOLOGY, will become property of ECOLOGY and the RECIPIENT shall be entitled to receive just and equitable compensation for any satisfactory work completed on such documents and other materials. Nothing contained herein shall preclude ECOLOGY from demanding repayment of all funds paid to the RECIPIENT in accordance with Recovery of Funds, identified herein. 29. THIRD PARTY BENEFICIARY RECIPIENT shall ensure that in all subcontracts entered into by the RECIPIENT pursuant to this Agreement , the state of Washington is named as an express third party beneficiary of such subcontracts with full rights as such . 30. WAIVER Waiver of a default or breach of any provision of this Agreement is not a waiver of any subsequent default or breach , and will not be construed as a modification of the terms of this Agreement unless stated as such in writing by the authorized representative of ECOLOGY. End of General Terms and Conditions Template Version 12/10/2020 Page 353 of 355 QUALITY OF LIFE Promote a high-quality of life through quality programs, services and appropriate investment and re- investment in community infrastructure including, but not limited to: • Completion of Transportation System Master Plan and design standard updates to promote greater neighborhood cohesion in new and re-developed neighborhoods through design elements, e.g.; connectivity, walkability, aesthetics, sustainability, and community gathering spaces. • Completion of the Parks, Recreation and Open Space Plan and development of an implementation strategy to enhance such services equitably across the community. • Completion of the Housing Action and Implementation Plan with a focus on a variety of housing to address the needs of the growing population. FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY Enhance the long-term viability, value, and service levels of services and programs, including, but not limited to: • Adopting policies and strategic investment standards to assure consistency of long-range planning to include update of impact fees, area fees to specific infrastructure, and SEPA mitigation measures related to new development, e.g.; schools, traffic, parks, and fire. COMMUNITY TRANSPORTATION NETWORK Promote a highly functional multi-modal transportation system including, but not limited to: • Application of the adopted Transportation System Master Plan including development of policies, regulations, programs, and projects that provide for greater connectivity, strategic investment, mobility, multi -modal systems, accessibility, efficiency, and safety. COMMUNITY SAFETY Promote proactive approaches for the strategic investment of infrastructure, staffing, and equipment including, but not limited to: • Adoption and develop implementation strategies for Comprehensive Fire Master Plan aimed at maintaining the current Washington State Rating Bureau Class 3 community rating. • Collaboration with regional partners to influence strategies to reduce incidences of homeless by leveraging existing resources such as the newly implemented 0.1% mental health sales tax, use of resource navigator programs, and other efforts. • Development of an implementation strategy for the Comprehensive Police Master Plan to support future service levels of the department to assure sustainability, public safety, officer safety, crime control, and compliance with legislative mandates. ECONOMIC VITALITY Promote and encourage economic vitality including, but not limited to: • Implementation of the Comprehensive Land Use Plan through related actions including zoning code changes, phased sign code update, and development regulations and standards. • Completion of Area Master Plans and environmental analysis complementing the Comprehensive Land Use Plan such as Downtown and Broadmoor Master Plans. • Development of an Economic Development Plan, including revitalization efforts. COMMUNITY IDENTITY Identify opportunities to enhance community identity, cohesion, and image including, but not limited to: • Development of a Community Engagement Plan to evaluate strategies, technologies, and other opportunities to further inclusivity, community engagement, and inter-agency and constituent coordination efforts. • Support of the Arts and Culture Commission in promoting unity and the celebration of diversity through art and culture programs, recognition of significant events or occurrences, and participation/sponsorship of events within the community. Page 354 of 355 CALIDAD DE VIDA Promover una calidad de vida alta a través de programas de calidad, servicios, inversiones y reinversiones apropiadas en la infraestructura de la comunidad incluyendo, pero no limitado a: • Terminar el Plan de Transportación para promover más cohesión entre nuestras vecindades actuales y re-desarrolladas a través de elementos de diseño, p.ej. conectividad, transitabilidad, sostenibilidad estética, y espacios para reuniones comunitarias. • Terminar el Plan de los Parques, la Recreación, y los Espacios Vacíos y el desarrollo de una estrategia de implementación para mejorar tales servicios justamente a lo largo de la comunidad. • Terminar el Plan de Acción e Implementación de Viviendas con un enfoque en una variedad de viviendas para tratar las necesidades del aumento en la población. SOSTENIBIILIDAD FINANCIERA Mejorar la viabilidad a largo plazo, el valor, y los niveles de los servicios y los programas, incluyendo, pero no limitado a: • Adoptar las políticas y los estándares de inversión estratégica para asegurar consistencia en la planificación a largo plazo para incluir la actualización de las tarifas de impacto, las tarifas en áreas de infraestructura específica, y las medidas de mitigación SEPA relacionadas con el nuevo desarrollo, p.ej. escuelas, tráfico, parques, e incendios. RED DE TRANSPORTACION COMUNITARIA Promover un sistema de transportación multimodal en alta operación incluyendo, pero no limitado a: • Aplicar el Plan de Transportación que fue adoptado, incluyendo el desarrollo de las políticas, las reglas, los programas, y los proyectos que proporcionan más conectividad, inversión estratégica, movilidad, sistemas multimodales, accesibilidad, eficiencia, y seguridad. SEGURIDAD COMUNITARIA Promover métodos proactivos para la inversión estratégica en la infraestructura, el personal, y el equipo incluyendo, pero no limitado a: • Adoptar y desarrollar estrategias de implementación para el Plan Comprehensivo para Incendios. Con el propósito de mantener la clasificación comunitaria actual en la tercera Clase del Departamento de Clasificación del Estado de Washington. • Colaborar con socios regionales para influenciar estrategias que reduzcan los incidentes de personas sin hogar al hacer uso de los recursos actuales como el impuesto de ventas de 0.1% implementado recientemente para la salud mental, el uso de programas para navegar los recursos, y otros esfuerzos. • Desarrollar una estrategia de implementación para el Plan Comprehensivo de la Policía para apoyar los niveles futuros de servicio del departamento para asegurar la sostenibilidad, la seguridad pública, la seguridad de los policías, el control de crímenes, y el cumplimiento con los mandatos legislativos. VITALIDAD ECONOMICA Promover y fomentar vitalidad económica incluyendo, pero no limitado a: • Implementar el Plan Comprehensivo del Uso de Terreno a través de acciones relacionadas, incluyendo cambios de los códigos de zonificación, actualización en las etapas de los códigos de las señales, y el desarrollo de las reglas y los estándares. • Terminar los Planes de las Áreas y un análisis ambiental el cual complementa al plan integral de uso de la tierra como a los Planes del Centro y de Broadmoor. • Desarrollar un Plan de Desarrollo Económico, el cual incluya esfuerzos de revitalización. IDENTIDAD COMUNITARIA Identificar oportunidades para mejorar la identidad comunitaria, la cohesión, y la imagen incluyendo, pero no limitado a: • Desarrollar un Plan de Participación de la Comunidad para evaluar las estrategias, las tecnologías, y otras oportunidades para promover la inclusividad, la participación de la comunidad, y los esfuerzos interdepartamentales y de coordinación de los constituyentes. • Apoyar a la Comisión de las Artes y Cultura al promover la unidad y la celebración de la diversidad a través de programas de arte y cultura, reconocer eventos o acontecimientos significantes, y participar/patrocinar eventos dentro de la comunidad. Page 355 of 355